scholarly journals Oat samples valuable for breeding in the forest steppe of the Ob region with the optimal combination of yield elements

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
A. Ya. Sotnik ◽  
I. G. Loskutov
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Biological Productivity ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Plant Stand

The results of the study of collection oat samples of various ecological and geographical origin are presented. The experiments were carried out in Novosibirsk region in 1994-2018. The sources that combine the optimal density of the productive plant stand and the mass of grain from the panicle were identified according to the ripeness groups. There were 413 collection samples of spring oats studied from 42 countries of the world for 25 years. Collection varieties were evaluated in nurseries of the 2nd-3d year of study. To identify the best samples, a scoring evaluation system of the traits under consideration, i.e. the density of the productive plant stand and the mass of grain from the panicle, was used. Comparison of genotypes for these traits was carried out within a group of varieties with an equal score for the duration of the seedlings -wax ripeness period. The standard varieties Krasnoobsky and Rovesnik were studied for all 25 years, therefore, all years were divided into three groups according to the average biological yield of these varieties. The first group includes 5 years, in which the standard varieties formed a low yield - less than 300 g/m2. The second group includes 14 years with a standard yield of 300-600 g/m2. The third group includes 5 years with the most favorable conditions for the formation of a high biological yield - more than 600 g/m2. A significant correlation between biological productivity and panicle productivity was noted in the standard variety Krasnoobsky during the years with a medium yield and in the standard variety Rovesnik during the years with a high yield. With the traits being evaluated in points, biological productivity showed a strong positive correlation with panicle productivity in Krasnoobsky variety in all groups of years, and in Rovesnik variety only in groups of years with medium and high yield. The sources of biological productivity of oats were identified by ripeness groups: very early - VIR-14522 (Dukat, Poland); early-ripening - VIR-14223 (Ardo KR-FPTS, Czechoslovakia); mid-early - VIR-15340 (Uran, Omsk region), VIR-14729 (SG-K-93682, the Czech Republic), VIR-14588 (Gramena, Germany), VIR-14582 (Carl Theodor, Germany), VIR-15012 (Togurchanin, Tomsk region), VIR-14706 (Keeper, Great Britain), VIR-14581 (Borka, Germany), VIR-15178 (Begunok, Ulyanovsk region) and Novosibirsky 5 (Novosibirsk region); mid-ripening - VIR-14377 (Mutika 572, Omsk region), VIR-14520 (Kwant, Poland), VIR-15254 (AC Mustang, Canada), VIR-15280 (55h 2106, Moscow region) and VIR-14527 (OM 1385, Great Britain); medium-late - VIR-15065 (Irtysh 22, Omsk region), VIR-14860 (Malysh, Tyumen region) and VIR-15103 (R8N9 3037-3072, Krasnoyarsk region).

AMOUNT AND STRUCTURE OF THE BIOLOGICAL FERTILITY OF SOYA, DEPENDING ON THE SYSTEM OF MAIN TILLAGE OF SOIL AND MEASURES TO OPTIMIZE NUTRITION MODE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Novokhatskyi ◽  
◽  
V. Targonya ◽  
T. Babinets ◽  
O. Gorodetskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Biological Productivity ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
The Impact

Aim. Assessment of the impact of the most common systems of basic tillage and biological methods of optimization of nutrition regimes on the realization of the potential of grain productivity of soybean in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. The research used general scientific (hypothesis, experiment, observation) and special (field experiment, morphological analysis) methods Results. The analysis of the results of field experiments shows that the conservation system of soil cultivation, which provided the formation of 27.6 c/ha of grain, is preferable by the level of biological yield of soybean. The use of other systems caused a decrease in the biological yield level: up to 26.4 c/ha for the use of the traditional system, up to 25.3 c/ha for the use of mulching and up to 23.0 c/ha for the use of the mini-till. With the use of Groundfix, the average biological yield of soybean grain increases to 25.6 c / ha for application rates of 5 l/ha, and to 28.2 c/ha for application rates of 10 l/ha when control variants (without the use of the specified preparation) an average of 22.6 c/ha of grain was formed with fluctuations in soil tillage systems from 21.0 (mini-bodies) to 25.8 c/ha (traditional).The application of Groundfix (10 l/ha) reduced the seed abortion rate from 11.0% (average without biofertilizer variants) to 8.0%, forming the optimal number of stem nodes with beans, increasing the attachment height of the lower beans and improving other indicators of biological productivity soybeans. Conclusions. It has been found that the use of the canning tillage system generates an average of 27.6 cent soybean grains, which is the highest indicator among the main tillage systems within the scheme of our research. The use of Groundfix caused a change in this indicator: if the variants with a conservative system of basic tillage without the use of biological preparation (control) were formed on average 24.1 c/ha, the use of Ground Licks caused the increase of biological productivity up to 29.4 c/ha, and at a dose of 10 l/ha biological yield was 32.2 c/ha. It was found that both the use of Groundfix and the basic tillage system influenced the elements of the yield structure: the density of the plants at the time of harvest depended more on the tillage system than on the use of Groundfix; the use of Groundfix and increasing its dose within the scheme of our studies positively reflected on the density of standing plants; the height of attachment of the lower beans and reduced the abortion of the seeds.

scholarly journals The testing results of the new white lupine varieties and samples in the forest-steppe conditions of the Central Blackearth region

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
А. S. Blinnik ◽  
A. G. Demidova ◽  
L. А. Naumkina ◽  
О. Yu. Kurenskaya ◽  
М. I. Lukashevich
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
White Lupine ◽  
Standard Value

The variety study of white lupine plants in the Belgorod region was carried out in field trials at the collection nursery of department of plant production, breeding and olericulture of the Belgorod State Agrarian University named after V.Ya. Gorin in 2018–2019. In the trial there were studied 4 varieties and 26 samples of white lupine of grain-fodder selection developed by the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine, the variety ‘Michurinsky’ was taken as a standard one. Most of the samples in the trial significantly exceeded the standard variety in the value of seed productivity. In 2018 the highest yield of 4.86 t/ha was obtained from the sample ‘CH 40-15’, which was on 1.15 t/ha higher than that of the standard variety. A high yield from 4.19 to 4.82 t/ha was produced by the samples ‘СН 78-16’, ‘СН 20-13’, ‘СН 15-13’ and ‘СН 816-09’, which significantly exceeded the standard variety on 0.48–0.61 t/ha. Under the conditions of the year of 2019, a significant productivity increase (from 0.24 to 2.1 t/ha) in comparison with the standard variety was produced by 19 samples and two varieties ‘Pilgrim’ and ‘Timiryazevsky’. The largest productivity in the trial (5.26 and 5.24 t / ha) was produced by the samples ‘CH 54-08’ and ‘CH 12-13’. The yield increase of the samples ‘СН 77-17’, ‘СН 816-09’, ‘СН 1735-10’, ‘СН 17-14’ was 1.35–1.57 t/ha in comparison with the standard variety. The highest mean yield in the trial for 2 years (4.40–4.47 t/ha) was formed by the samples ‘СН 17-14’ and ‘СН 816-09’, their increase was 0.96–1.03 t/ha or 27.9–29.9% in comparison with the standard variety. The samples ‘СН 12-13’ and ‘СН 54-08’ showed the highest coefficient of adaptability in the trial at the level of 1.36–1.38. The most of the studied samples and the variety ‘Alyi Parus’ possessed the coefficient of adaptability >1, which characterizes them as highly adaptable to the arid conditions of the region. The most varieties and samples exceeded the standard value of the trait ‘seed weight per plant’ which is 4 g. The value of the trait ‘1000-seed weight’ in the trial varied from 234.8 g (the sample ‘CH 35-13’) to 302.6 g (the sample ‘CH 25-11’) in comparison with 264 g (the standard variety).

Influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-steppe

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (94) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
R.O. Myalkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
The Right

Goal. The purpose of the research was to determine the influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Methods.Field, analytical and statistical. Results.It was established that among the mid-range varieties Divo stands out with a yield of 42.3 t/ha, Malin white – 39.8 t/ha, and Legend – 37.1 t/ ha. The most favourable weather and climatic conditions for the production of potato tubers were for the Divo 2011 variety with a yield of 45.9 t/ha and 2013 – 45.1 t/ha. For the Legenda variety 2016, the yield of potato tubers is 40.6 t/ha and 2017 – 43.2 t/ha. Malin White 2013 is 41.4 t/ha and 2017 42.1 t/ha. The average varieties of potatoes showed a slightly lower yield on average over the years of research. However, among the varieties is allocated Nadiyna – 40.3 t/ha, Slovyanka – 37.2 t/ ha and Vera 33.8 t/ha. Among the years, the most high-yielding for the Vera variety was 2016 with a yield of 36.6 t/ha and 2017 year – 37.8 t/ha. Varieties Slovyanka and Nadiyna 2011 and 2012 with yields of 42.6 and 44.3 t/ha and 46.5 and 45.3 t/ha, respectively. Characterizing the yield of potato tubers of medium-late varieties over the years of research, there was a decrease in this indicator compared with medium-early and middle-aged varieties. However, the high yield of the varieties of Dar is allocated – 40.0 t/ha, Alladin – 33.6 t/ha and Oxamit 31.3 t/ha. Among the years, the most favourable ones were: for Oxamit and Alladin – 2011 – 33.5 and 36.5 t/ha, and 2017 – 34.1 and 36.4 t/ha, respectively. Favourable years for harvesting varieties were 2011 and 2012 with yields of 45.7 and 45.8 t/ha. Thus, the highest yield of potato tubers on average over the years of studies of medium-early varieties of 41.2-43.3 t / ha were provided by weather conditions of 2011 and 2017 years, medium-ripe varieties 41.0-41.1 - 2012 and 2011, medium- late 37,6-38,5 t / ha - 2012 and 2011, respectively.

The vegetation of the small rivers of Novosibirsk Region (a syntaxonomic essay)

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Kipriyanova ◽  
M. A. Kleshchev
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Aquatic Communities ◽  
Emergent Plants ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
General Chemical ◽  
Wide Range

Information on the aquatic and semiaquatic vegetation of the major watercourses of West Siberia is relatively scarce, while this of small rivers is practically absent. There are 430 rivers whose length exceeds 10 km within the Novosibirsk Region. The aim of our work was to study the phytocenotic diversity of their aquatic and semiaquatic vegetation. 130 geobotanical relevés were performed by the authors in July–August 2003–2005. The object was aquatic communities formed by true aquatic (submergent and floating-leaved) plants and semiaquatic ones with emergent plants and these of water′s edge. In total 10 watercourses were studied (Table 1): 2–3 in each of five geomorphologic regions within the forest-steppe zone (Table 2). The upper, middle and lower courses (Fig. 1, Table 1) with the length of 2–2.5 km were studied in each case to ensure the 4–5 repetition of main elements (stream pools and ridges) that would give a reliable information on their flora and vegetation. The sample plots were selected above the settlements, whenever possible in sites with no to intensive anthropogenic impact. The data were collected according to J. Braun-Blanquet (1964) approach. The relevés were done on the sample plot of 100 m2 placed in the most homogeneous part of the community or, in case of its smaller area, within the natural boundaries. The following scale was used for abundance estimation: r — the species is extremely rare; + — rare, small cover; 1 — the number of individuals is large, the cover is small or individuals are sparse, but the cover is large; 2 —cover of 5–25 %; 3 — 26–50 %; 4 — 51–75 %; 5 — more than 75 %. The date on water depth, transparency (on a white Secchi disk with a diameter of 30 cm), temperature and the flow rate were obtained. The soil mechanical composition and color, the degree and nature of anthropogenic impact on vegetation and river banks were quantified. Water samples for general chemical analysis were taken in the middle course of each river. Computer programs TURBOVEG and MEGATAB (Hennekens, 1996) were used for database. The syntaxonomic affiliation of phytocenoses was determined using modern literature (Bobrov, Chemeris, 2006; Vegetace..., 2011; Chepinoga, 2015; Landucci et al. 2015; Mucina et al., 2016, etc.). 36 associations and 3 communities belonging to 12 alliances, 9 orders, and 5 classes have been identified (Tables 3–14, Fig. 2–9). Such great syntaxonomic diversity is determined by the significant ecotopic variety, the variability of substrates, the wide range of water flow rates and the different water trophicity. For comparison, 26 associations, 13 variants, 2 communities were identified in the study of 50 rivers of Lithuania (Sinkyavichene, 1992); altogether 84 associations are known for the Upper Volga region as a whole (Bob­rov, Chemeris, 2006), while 45 ones were recorded previously in 130 watercourses of this region (Bobrov, 1999). Information on small river macroalgae cenoses in the study area is partially reflected in the paper published earlier (Bobrov et al., 2005).

scholarly journals Yield and quality of potatoes depending on the application of microelements in the northern forest-steppe Ob in Novosibirsk

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
R. R. Galeev ◽  
E. A. Kovalev ◽  
M. S. Shulga
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Novosibirsk Region

The aim of the work is to study the effectiveness of the use of trace elements on potato varieties of different ripeness groups in the northern forest-steppe Ob in the Novosibirsk region. Experimental data were obtained on leached black soil of Novosibirsk region in 2017–2019. The generally accepted technology of potato cultivation was used for the experiments. Since autumn, fertilizers at a dose of P90K90 were applied as a general background for potatoes. Nitrogen fertilizers (60 kg / ha) were applied in the spring for pre-sowing cultivation. Foliar dressing with microelements (Cu, B, Zn) was used at the beginning of the budding phase of potato plants: copper – 20, boron – 45, zinc – 50 g of active ingredient per 1 ha with a working fluid consumption of 300 l/ha. Trace elements increased the growth and development rates of potato varieties of three groups of ripeness. In varieties Liubava (early), Svitanok Kievsky (mid-early), Tuleevsky (mid-season), the use of trace elements contributed to an increase in the development indicators of the photosynthetic apparatus (maximum and average leaf area and plant productivity) by an average of 21%, especially against the background of boron and zinc. Foliar dressing of potatoes increased the yield parameters by an average of 24 % relative to the control (water). The increase in the marketability of tubers reached 12 %. A greater effect was achieved against the background of boron use: a significant increase in yield, dry matter, starch, vitamin C. In variants with microelements, the susceptibility of potatoes by rhizoctonysis decreased.

A new genetic evaluation system for pedigree beef cattle in great britain

1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 ◽  
pp. 200-200
Author(s):  
J.G.E. Bryan ◽  
N.R. Wray ◽  
R. Crump ◽  
D.G. Nicholson ◽  
R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Selection Decisions ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Beef Herd ◽  
Analysis Of Performance

The need to speed up the rate of genetic progress in beef cattle, particularly in economically significant traits such as growth and carcase merit has always been recognised by the Meat and Livestock Commission. This is achieved through the Beefbreeder Pedigree Recording Service which records over 1,000 pedigree herds in Great Britain. Traditionally, analysis of performance records from pedigree herds has been carried out using within herd contemporary comparisons.Average pedigree beef herd size in Great Britain is typically less than 20 cows which limits accuracy and scope for genetic improvement when making within herd selection decisions.

Yield and Stability for agronomic and seed quality traits of common bean genotypes under Mediterranean conditions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kargiotidou ◽  
F. Papathanasiou ◽  
D. Baxevanos ◽  
D.N. Vlachostergios ◽  
S. Stefanou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Mediterranean Countries

Common bean is the most significant pulse in Mediterranean countries and high yield performance is required to become commercially successful. Seven common bean genotypes were evaluated for yield and stability along with their interrelationship with agronomical, physicochemical and quality characteristics. An analysis of variance was conducted to test main effects and interactions between plant traits and environments. Significant variation among genotypes occurred for seed yield and a strong positive correlation was observed between seed yield and pods m-2. High Genetic Coefficient of Variation (GCV) values combined with high heritability for traits as seed yield, cooking time, hydration capacity and protein content were recorded. The GGE biplot analysis indicated two cultivars as superior genotypes that combine high yield, stability, short cooking time and high protein content. Furthermore, a local population assessed as promising genetic material for the selection of elite lines with high yield and short cooking time.

scholarly journals Agroecological assessment of potato variety specimens in the conditions of the Astrakhan region

2021 ◽  
Vol 843 (1) ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
T V Boeva ◽  
Sh B Bairambekov ◽  
A S Sokolov ◽  
G N Kiseleva
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Hot Climate ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Spring Planting

Abstract The article presents the results of the ecological test of 13 promising varieties of potato in a hot climate of the Astrakhan region. The analysis of the potato various samples productivity showed that under the spring planting period ten samples had the yielding capacity on 4.2-19.6 t/ha higher than the standard variety Impala (44.7 t/ha). High air temperatures during the summer planting period were the cause of the reduction in yield in almost all samples due to the decrease in the number and weight of tubers from one plant. The varietal specimen 10C-120-003 was able to produce a high yield under specific conditions of the region, which was on 2.4 t/ha higher compared to the same indicator in the spring planting period. The following specimens were distinguished by the starch content in potato tubers: Doka-2 and 10C-120-003 (19.2%), La Strada (18.4%), Flamingo (18.1%), Karmen (16.9%), 172/24 (16.3%), Real and 10C-135-015 (15.2%). The specimens Primabel, 802/17 and Baltic Rose have accumulated in tubers the largest amount of vitamin C, the surplus in relation to the standard was 0.1-0.3-0.6 mg% respectively. The cost-effectiveness analysis showed that cultivation of potato in the conditions of the Astrakhan region on drip irrigation conditions is profitable.

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