scholarly journals Effects of Propolis on Selected Blood Indicators and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Broilers under Heat Stress

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pınar Tatlı Seven ◽  
Seval Yılmaz ◽  
Ismail Seven ◽  
Ibrahim H. Cercı ◽  
Mehmet A. Azman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Group I

In this study, we investigated the antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts of propolis (EEP) and vitamin C on biochemical indicators and antioxidant enzyme activities of broilers exposed to heat stress (at 34 °C). The experimental groups were as follows: group I (positive control) and group II (control) were fed a basal diet, group III (vitamin C) was fed a basal diet supplemented with 250 mg vitamin C as ascorbic acid/kg, group IV (EEP-0.5) was fed a basal diet supplemented with 0.5 g EEP/kg, group V (EEP-1) was fed a basal diet supplemented with 1 g EEP/kg, group VI (EEP-3) was fed a basal diet supplemented with 3 g EEP/kg. Plasma superoxide dismutase levels of positive control, control, vitamin C, EEP-0.5, EEP-1 and EEP-3 groups were found as 0.34, 1.23, 0.50, 0.90, 0.30 and 0.41 μkat/ml, respectively (p < 0.01). Aspartate transaminase (except for EEP-0.5 and EEP-1 groups) and alkaline phosphatase in the control group were significantly higher than those of positive control, vitamin-C and EEP-3 groups. Malondialdehyde level in plasma, liver and muscle tissues of control group were found significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those of positive control and EEP-3 groups. Catalase activities of blood, liver, kidney and heart were the highest in the control group. Reduced glutathione activities of plasma and liver of all groups were not significantly different from each other, whereas those of muscle, kidney and heart were significantly higher in the control group. Significantly lower levels of glutathione peroxidase were found in blood, liver and kidney tissues of the control group (p < 0.05), whereas those of muscle and heart were similar in all groups. The results of the present study suggest that EEP and specially EEP at the supplemented dose of 3 mg/kg diet might be considered to prevent oxidative stress in the broilers exposed to heat stress.

scholarly journals Anti-Oxidant Effects of Silybum marianum Extracts on Diabetic Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Uyovwiesevwa Ataihire Johnson ◽  
◽  
Eze Kingsley Nwangwa ◽  
John Chukwuka Igweh ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Group I ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Antioxidants are specialized macro-molecules that neutralize harmful substances; free radicals. These radicals supposedly harm tissues, destroy food items, and damage materials. In living organisms, antioxidants can take the form of enzymes, and may be regularly added to oils, metals, foodstuffs, as well as numerous other materials to mitigate the damaging effect of free radical. Current study was designed to investigate the biochemical changes in antioxidant enzyme activities, following administration of Silybum marianum (an ancient medicinal plant of the Carduus marianum family) on Alloxan-Induced, diabetic rats. One hundred and twenty-five (125) rats were procured, made to acclimatize for two weeks, and then randomly grouped into five (5) groups of (n=25). Group 1: Non-Diabetic (Control) rats, Group 2 diabetic untreated rats, while groups 3, 4 and 5 comprised of vitamin-C treated rats (diabetic), Silymarin (extract), and Vitamin C + Silymarin (extract) combined treatment respectively. After four weeks of treatment with test extract, animals were then sacrificed, and blood samples collected and assayed for biochemical [anti-oxidant] enzyme activity. Upon statistical analysis, one way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed Catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA) activities to have significantly decreased for extract + vitamin C treated group (Group V) when compared with control (Group I). It was also noted that the use of the combined antioxidants vitamin C and silymarin resulted in a significant reduction in ROS production with decreased SOD and CAT enzyme activities. It is therefore likely that, improvements in antioxidant enzyme activities are a function of extract and/or Vitamin C administration to animals. Thus, Silymarin has antioxidant and regenerative potentials to damaged tissues.

scholarly journals Propolis supplementation improved productivity, oxidative status, and immune response of Barki ewes and lambs

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 834-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesham Attia Shedeed ◽  
Bahaa Farrag ◽  
Eman Ali Elwakeel ◽  
Ibrahim Samir Abd El-Hamid ◽  
Muhammed Ahmed Hilmy El-Rayes
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Arid Conditions

Aim: The present study was conducted to study the effect of propolis administration on bio-hematological parameters, antioxidant enzyme activities, and productivity of Barki ewes during late pregnancy and lactation under the arid conditions. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five pregnant Barki ewes were fed the basal diet (n=12, control) and the basal diet plus propolis (5 g/kg diet, n=13) for 1 month before parturition and continued 2 months after parturition. Milk yield and milk composition, hematological constituents, antioxidant enzyme activities, thyroid hormones, and lambs birth and weaning weights, and antioxidants were determined. Results: Significant (p<0.05) increase in white blood cells in the propolis group compared to control was observed. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (Hb) (MCH) and corpuscular Hb (MCH concentration %) were decreased (p<0.05) in propolis compared to control group. Milk yield was increased (p<0.05) in the propolis group compared with control and continued to increase with the advancement of lactation. Milk fat and milk total solids increased (p<0.05) in the propolis group than the control. Plasma immunoglobulin A (IgA) was increased (p<0.05) in propolis compared to control with no effect in IgM and IgG. Superoxide dismutase, hydrogen peroxide (HP), and nitric oxide were decreased (p<0.01) in the propolis group compared to control. Weaning weight for lambs born to ewes fed propolis was increased (p<0.05) at week 8 after birth compared with control lambs. Malondialdehyde and HP activities were decreased (p<0.01) in lambs born to propolis ewes compared to control. Conclusion: Crude Chinese propolis (5 g/d) supplementation improved milk yield, milk composition, and the antioxidant enzymes in Barki ewes and immune functions, growth performance and antioxidant status in their lambs under arid conditions.

scholarly journals Addition of Bamboo Charcoal to Selenium (Se)-Rich Feed Improves Growth and Antioxidant Capacity of Blunt Snout Bream (Megalobrama amblycephala)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2585
Author(s):  
Fang Jiang ◽  
Yan Lin ◽  
Linghong Miao ◽  
Jingyuan Hao
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Megalobrama Amblycephala ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Bamboo Charcoal ◽  
Blunt Snout Bream

The ability of bamboo charcoal to reduce the negative effects of high dietary selenium (Se) concentrations was assessed by feeding juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) one of five Se-rich diets (1.5 mg/kg Se; 36% protein, 8.7% lipid) containing graded levels (0–4 g/kg) of bamboo charcoal powder for eight weeks. There were four tanks (350 L) of fish (initial weight 16.0 ± 0.5 g) for each treatment, and the fish were fed to satiation four times each day. At the end of the feeding trial, all of the fish from each tank were weighed to calculate the growth performance. Blood samples were firstly obtained to collect plasma for the biochemical indexes determination. Liver tissues were then collected to determine the antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression. Dorsal muscles were also collected to determine the nutrient composition. The results show that when the bamboo charcoal content in the Se-rich feed ranged between 0 and 3 g/kg, the weight growth rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) values increased with the higher dietary bamboo charcoal content, and the maximum WGR and SGR values were achieved when the bamboo charcoal content in the Se-rich feed was 2–3 g/kg (p < 0.05). The Se content in muscle tissues decreased significantly with the increased bamboo charcoal content (p < 0.05) in the Se-rich feed, which ranged from 0 to 4 g/kg. When the bamboo charcoal content in the Se-rich feed was 2–3 g/kg, the levels of glucose (GLU) and albumin (ALB) in plasma reached a maximum (p < 0.05), whereas the level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) reached a minimum (p < 0.05). Additionally, the activities of catalase (CAT), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were significantly enhanced (p < 0.05) when the bamboo charcoal content was 3 g/kg. In contrast, the malondialdehyde (MDA) level increased sharply when the bamboo charcoal content in the Se-rich feed was 1 g/kg, compared to the control group and the groups supplemented with 2–3 g/kg bamboo charcoal (p < 0.05). Regarding mRNA-level gene expression, the results show that dietary supplementation with 0 to 3 g/kg of bamboo charcoal increased the expression of keap1 and nrf2, whereas nfkb expression was inhibited (p < 0.05). The mRNA expression of the antioxidant enzymes cat, gpx, and mn-sod was consistently enhanced in the group fed with the 3 g/kg bamboo charcoal diet (p < 0.05). The expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tnfα and tgfβ was inhibited in the groups supplemented with 2–3 g/kg bamboo charcoal, whereas the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (il10) increased in the bamboo charcoal supplementation groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Generally, supplementation with 2–3 g/kg of bamboo charcoal in Se-rich feed improved the growth performance, physiological status, and antioxidant enzyme activities of blunt snout bream. Moreover, bamboo charcoal supplementation in Se-rich diets stimulated the antioxidant system and inhibited the inflammatory response by activating Nrf2-Keap1 and suppressing NF-κB.

scholarly journals Unveiling the Differential Antioxidant Activity of Maslinic Acid in Murine Melanoma Cells and in Rat Embryonic Healthy Cells Following Treatment with Hydrogen Peroxide

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (17) ◽  
pp. 4020
Author(s):  
Khalida Mokhtari ◽  
Amalia Pérez-Jiménez ◽  
Leticia García-Salguero ◽  
José A. Lupiáñez ◽  
Eva E. Rufino-Palomares
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Maslinic Acid ◽  
B16f10 Cells ◽  
Melanoma B16f10

Maslinic acid (MA) is a natural triterpene from Olea europaea L. with multiple biological properties. The aim of the present study was to examine MA’s effect on cell viability (by the MTT assay), reactive oxygen species (ROS levels, by flow cytometry) and key antioxidant enzyme activities (by spectrophotometry) in murine skin melanoma (B16F10) cells compared to those on healthy cells (A10). MA induced cytotoxic effects in cancer cells (IC50 42 µM), whereas no effect was found in A10 cells treated with MA (up to 210 µM). In order to produce a stress situation in cells, 0.15 mM H2O2 was added. Under stressful conditions, MA protected both cell lines against oxidative damage, decreasing intracellular ROS, which were higher in B16F10 than in A10 cells. The treatment with H2O2 and without MA produced different responses in antioxidant enzyme activities depending on the cell line. In A10 cells, all the enzymes were up-regulated, but in B16F10 cells, only superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase increased their activities. MA restored the enzyme activities to levels similar to those in the control group in both cell lines, highlighting that in A10 cells, the highest MA doses induced values lower than control. Overall, these findings demonstrate the great antioxidant capacity of MA.

scholarly journals Free radical scavenging activities of anthocyanin flavonoid

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 013-020
Author(s):  
K. E. Asemota ◽  
Uyovwiesevwa A. J. ◽  
M. A. Omoirri
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Test Substance ◽  
Group I ◽  
Animal House ◽  
Dose Dependent

Despite its nutritional content and huge application in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, the use of anthocyanin remains restricted due to the difficulty in its extraction process. In this study, we examined the antioxidant effects of anthocyanin (one of the numerous flavonoids known in modern enthno-medicinal practice) on some serum free radicals in wistar rats. Twenty (20) adult wistar rats of between 100 – 250 g were procured and housed in the animal house of the Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State. After two (2) weeks of acclimatization, the animals were then grouped into five groups of four (4) rats each (n=4). Control (Group I) rats were fed normal rat chow and water ad libitum, whereas, group II rats received 100 mg/kg body weight (bw.) of anthocyanin extract. Groups III, IV and V rats also received 200 mg/kg bw., 300 mg/kg bw., and 400 mg/kg bw of anthocyanin extract respectively for a period of four weeks, using the oro-gastric cannula post prandial. For each week, body weights were obtained, and serum assayed for changes in the levels of anti-oxidant enzyme activities [Catalase (CAT), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide Dismutase (SOD)] using appropriate biochemical procedures. Obtained results were subjected to statistical comparisons using the one way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Tukey post hoc tests were also performed (where necessary) to ascertain the source(s) of mean differences between groups. We found a statistically significant decrease (at p < 0.05) by week in serum CAT, MDA, GPx and SOD levels with the administration of test substance. This also proved to be dose-dependent as increasing dose cause an increase in the enzyme activities over the period of administration. Body weight changes were also duration and dose dependent. Anthocyanin therefore showed potency in improving serum antioxidant enzyme activities. We recommend similar studies on other body tissues than blood.

Alpha lipoic acid supplementation improved antioxidant enzyme activities in hemodialysis patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Mahdavi ◽  
Tannaz khabbazi ◽  
Javid Safa
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

Abstract. Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of death in hemodialysis (HD) patients and oxidative stress is an important risk factor for CVD. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) are primary antioxidant enzymes in human cells acting against toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their reduced activity may contribute to oxidative disorders in HD patients. Alpha lipoic acid (ALA) as a potent strong antioxidant may affect these enzymes. Objective: We examined the effects of ALA supplementation on antioxidant enzyme activities in HD patients. Method: In this double-blinded, randomized clinical trial, 63 HD patients (43 males and 20 females; age range: 22–79 years) were assigned into the ALA group (n: 31), receiving a daily dose of ALA (600 mg), or a control group (n: 32), receiving placebo for 8 weeks. Body mass index (BMI), antioxidant enzymes, albumin (Alb) and hemoglobin (Hb) were determined before and after intervention. Results: At baseline, the mean blood activities of SOD, GPx, and CAT in ALA group were 1032±366, 18.9±5.09 and 191±82.7 U/gHb which increased at the end of study to 1149±502, 19.1±7.19 and 208±86.6 U/gHb respectively. However, only the increase of SOD was statistically significant in comparison with placebo group (P = 0.04). The mean levels of Alb, Hb, weight and BMI were not significantly changed in study groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: ALA may be beneficial for HD patients by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes; however, further studies are needed to achieve precise results.

Effect of dietary curcumin and capsaicin on testicular and hepatic oxidant–antioxidant status in rats fed a high-fat diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 774-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevda Tanrıkulu-Küçük ◽  
Canan Başaran-Küçükgergin ◽  
Muhammed Seyithanoğlu ◽  
Semra Doğru-Abbasoğlu ◽  
Hikmet Koçak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
High Fat

This study investigated the effects of curcumin and capsaicin on testicular and hepatic oxidant–antioxidant status in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups (8 rats per group). The control group was fed a normal control diet (standard laboratory chow), the HFD group was fed HFD (60% of total calories from fat), the HFD+CUR group received HFD supplemented with curcumin (1.5 g curcumin/kg HFD), the HFD+CAP group was given HFD supplemented with capsaicin (0.15 g capsaicin/kg HFD), and the HFD+CUR+CAP group received HFD supplemented with curcumin and capsaicin for 16 weeks. Hepatic and testicular thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH) levels, glutathione transferase activity, and Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase protein expression and enzyme activities were measured. Protein expression was determined by Western blotting. GSH levels and antioxidant enzyme activities were measured with colorimetric methods. HFD slightly increased hepatic and testicular oxidative stress parameters. GSH levels did not change between groups. TBARS and ROS levels were significantly reduced in the HFD+CUR+CAP group compared with the HFD group. Liver and testis antioxidant enzyme activities and expression increased significantly with combined capsaicin and curcumin treatment. Curcumin and capsaicin treatment attenuated testicular and hepatic oxidative stress and enhanced the antioxidant defense system. The combination of capsaicin and curcumin with HFD seems to have some remarkable and beneficial effects on testicular oxidative damage in the fatty liver rat model.

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