scholarly journals Immunolocalization of Na+/K+-ATPase and proliferative activity of enterocytes after administration of glucan in chickens fed T-2 toxin

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-377
Author(s):  
Viera Revajová ◽  
Róbert Herich ◽  
Martin Levkut ◽  
Rudolf Žitňan ◽  
Elke Albrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Jejunal Mucosa ◽  
Ion Pump ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Α Subunit ◽  
Binding Effect ◽  
Dividing Cells ◽  
And Control ◽  
Goblet Cell Density

The protective effect of polysaccharide glucan in chickens fed low doses of T-2 toxin was assessed. The binder effect of β-D-glucan on jejunal mucosa in relation to the expression of Na+/K+-ATPase, proliferative activity of enterocytes and number of goblet cells was investigated. A total of 40 one-day-old chickens were allocated to four groups: control (C), β-D-glucan (G), T-2 toxin (T) and combined β-D-glucan+T-2 toxin (GT). The chickens were individually administrated per os 1.0 mg/bird/day of β-D-glucan derived from Candida albicans on days 11, 12, and 21 of the experiment (totally 3 mg per bird). T-2 toxin at a concentration of 1.45 μg·kg-1 was added to the feed from day 14 to day 28 of the experiment. The α subunit-specific anti-Na+/K+-ATPase antibody was used to identify the protein by immunofluorescence in the cell membrane of jejunal enterocytes. Higher expression of Na+/K+-ATPase was found in the jejunal epithelial cells and lamina propria in the chickens fed T-2 toxin and administered glucan (P < 0.05) compared to control. The number of proliferated enterocytes was higher in group T compared to group G and control (P < 0.001), as well group GT (P < 0.01). Goblet cell density did not present significant differences between groups of chickens, but group G showed the highest values. These data suggest that administration of pure T-2 toxin at low doses affects primarily the protein synthesis of actively dividing cells. Higher distribution of Na+/K+-ATPase in enterocytes of chickens in GT group suggests positive influence of glucan and mycotoxin on the ion pump. A binding effect of this immunomodulator on the digestive tract mucosa in the applied setup was not observed.

Residual Gas Reaction in the Electron Microscope: II The Design of a Gas-Control Chamber for Quantitative Observations

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 82-83
Author(s):  
Chester J. Calbick ◽  
Richard E. Hartman
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Chamber Pressure ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Ion Pump ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Precise Knowledge ◽  
Differential Pumping ◽  
And Control

Quantitative studies of the phenomenon associated with reactions induced by the electron beam between specimens and gases present in the electron microscope require precise knowledge and control of the local environment experienced by the portion of the specimen in the electron beam. Because of outgassing phenomena, the environment at the irradiated portion of the specimen is very different from that in any place where gas pressures and compositions can be measured. We have found that differential pumping of the specimen chamber by a 4" Orb-Ion pump, following roughing by a zeolite sorption pump, can produce a specimen-chamber pressure 100- to 1000-fold less than that in the region below the objective lens.

Conspecific attraction for conservation and management of terrestrial breeding birds: Current knowledge and future research directions

The Condor ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathon J Valente ◽  
Christa L LeGrande-Rolls ◽  
James W Rivers ◽  
Anna M Tucker ◽  
Richard A Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Site Occupancy ◽  
Species Traits ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Social Cues ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Conspecific Attraction ◽  
Conservation Concern ◽  
And Control

Abstract Conspecific presence can indicate the location or quality of resources, and animals settling near conspecifics often gain fitness benefits. This can result in adaptive conspecific attraction during breeding habitat selection as demonstrated in numerous terrestrial, territorial birds. There is growing interest in using simulated conspecific social cues (e.g., decoys, broadcasted vocalizations) to manage bird distributions, yet it remains unclear when this approach is likely to succeed. We reviewed published studies to evaluate whether the strength of conspecific attraction in terrestrial birds is mediated by characteristics of species (life history traits), simulated cues (e.g., timing and duration), sites (e.g., quality), and how conspecific attraction was measured. We identified 31 experiments that simulated social cues and compared conspecific settlement between treatment and control sites. We then used phylogenetically controlled meta-regression to assess the impacts of 19 moderators on settlement. Nearly all species included in these experiments were migratory passerines, and social cues generally had a strong, positive influence on their settlement decisions, as the odds of site occupancy were 3.12× (95% CI: 0.81–11.69) greater in treatment sites relative to control sites. Within this group, conspecific attraction was evolutionarily conserved with ≥25.5% (95% CI: 5.1%–65.4%) of the variance in treatment effects explained by phylogenetic relatedness. However, we found no evidence that any covariates influenced the response to social cues, and we posit this stems from limited research specifically designed to identify the mechanisms mediating conspecific attraction. We therefore developed a research agenda that provides a framework for testing mechanistic hypotheses regarding how cue characteristics, species traits, and spatial contexts may mediate attraction to conspecifics. Evaluating these hypotheses will greatly advance the field by helping managers understand when, where, and why simulating social cues can be used to enhance populations of species that are of conservation concern.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA MOOD BOARD TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DESAIN BUSANA PADA MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN TEKNIK BUSANA

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Afif Ghurub Bestari ◽  
Ishartiwi Ishartiwi
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
T Test ◽  
Fashion Design ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Learning By Using

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji (1) perbedaan pengaruh pembelajaran Desain Busana menggunakan media mood board dan media contoh gambar desain busana terhadap kreativitas dan hasil belajar Desain Busana mahasiswa;  (2) pengaruh positif pembelajaran Desain Busana dengan menggunakan media mood board dibandingkan menggunakan media contoh gambar desain busana terhadap kreativitas desain busana mahasiswa; (3) pengaruh positif pembelajaran Desain Busana dengan menggunakan media mood board dibandingkan dengan menggunakan media contoh gambar desain busana terhadap hasil belajar desain busana mahasiswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan desain Pretest-Posttest, Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Penelitian ini menggunakan kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa kelas A dan D semester 2 di Pendidikan Teknik Busana FT UNY. Hasil t-test menunjukkan pretest mahasiswa kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen hampir sama. Data hasil belajar posttestmenunjukkan selisih skor rata-rata antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol berkategori sangat tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil nilai rata-rata diperoleh bahwa terjadi peningkatan hasil kreativitas mahasiswa yang signifikan.Kata kunci: media mood board, hasil belajar, desain busana THE IMPACT OF USING MOOD BOARD MEDIA TO  FASHION DESIGN KNOWLEDGE ON FASHION  DESIGN ENGINEERING STUDENTSAbstractThis research aimed to examine (1) the effect of differences in learning to use media Fashion Design mood board and fashion design drawings media examples in creativity and Fashion Design student learning outcomes; (2) the positive influence of learning by using media Fashion Design mood board than using media examples fashion design drawings for the creativity of fashion design students; (3) a positive influence of learning by using media Fashion Design mood board compared to using the media sample images for learning outcomes of Fashion Design student. This research is a quasi-experimental research with pretest-posttest design, Nonequivalent Control Group Design. This research uses experimental class and control class. The research population was a student of class A and D in the 2nd half of Technical Fashion Education Faculty of Engineering, Yogyakarta State of University. t-test results indicate student pretest control class and experimental class is almost the same. Data posttest study results show the difference in average scores between the experimental class and control class category is very high. Based on the results of the average value obtained that an increase in the creativity of the students are significant.Keywords: fashion mood boards, learning outcomes, fashion design

ASSESSMENT OF MORPHOFUNCTIONAL CHANGES IN ELDERLY WOMEN PERFORMING NORDIC WALKING EXERCISE

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (80) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Zofia Ignasiak ◽  
Alicja Nowak ◽  
Dorota Cichoń ◽  
Anna Sebastjan ◽  
Tomasz Ignasiak
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Nordic Walking ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Health Training ◽  
And Control

Aim: the purpose of the research was an assessment of increased physical activity influence on selected elements of elderly women biological condition. Basic procedures: the research material consisted of measurement data of 80 elderly women that were divided into two grups: active (n=31) which participated in a health training, and control (n=49). We measured: basic somaic features, BMI, WHR, BMD and functional physical fitness. Results: analysed parameters of bone mineral density were slightly better of the physically active women in comparison to the unactive women. During analysis of physical fitness tests, active achieved decidedly higher results, which indicates positive influence of the nordic walking health training on functional physical fitness of elderly women. Conclusions: Utilised health training was an optimal stimulus for the examined women – their functional physical fitness and BMD improved considerably. No similar changes were noted in the control group

Effect on the Sensitivity of Lymphoid Cells to Acriflavine after « in vivo » Treatment with Heterologous Albumin Coupled with Diazotized Acriflavin

1966 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-185
Author(s):  
Aurelio Di Marco ◽  
Rosella Silvestrini ◽  
Emidio Calendi
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
In Vivo Treatment ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Different Doses

The possibility that the «in vivo» treatment with heterologous albumin coupled with diazotized acriflavine may affect the sensitivity of lymphoid cells to the action of acriflavine was studied. Albino mice CFW strain were treated subcutanceusly with the coupled albumin in the presence of complete Freund adjuvant. Lymph nodes from control and immunized animals, fifteen days after the treament, were cultured «in vitro» in the presence of different doses of acriflavine (from 0.5 to 4 μg/ml). The action of acriflavine was evaluated as the growth of cultures, the percent of lymphoid cells in the different phases of differentiation and the percent of proliferating cells after incubation for 24 hours in the presence of 3H thymidine. Results show that lymphoid cells of immunized mice are less sensitive to the citotoxic activity of acriflavine than those of the controls. Acriflavine, at low doses, reduces the growth of normal cultures and the proliferative activity of immature elements. At the highest doses the proliferation area is almost completely absent and the elements still present are strongly degenerated. Acriflavine, at the concentration able to reduce or to inhibit the growth of control cultures, is ineffective in altering the ratio of immature elements in cultures of immunized animals. The ability of these elements to incorporate 3H thymidine is also unchanged.

Effects of fenced seed production areas and restoration treatments on the size and composition of the native grass seedbanks in moderately degraded rangelands in semiarid Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Judith M. Bean ◽  
Gavin J. Melville ◽  
Ronald B. Hacker ◽  
Sharon Anderson ◽  
Alicia Whittington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Native Grass ◽  
North West ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Red Earth ◽  
Preferred Species ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
And Control

Seed production areas containing populations of native grasses were fenced on topographically high areas at two study sites in the semiarid rangelands of north-west New South Wales, Australia. The surrounding slopes were initially almost bare of pastorally preferred grasses. Three restoration treatments (control, mechanical pitting, and contour-aligned branch piles) were established on these surrounding slopes and the size and composition of the native grass seedbanks determined. A positive influence of the seed production areas mostly occurred within 15 m of the fence and was probably insignificant beyond 33 m at both sites. On a hard-setting red earth site, the size of the native grass seedbank in all three treatments increased over 2 years with the greatest increase under the piles of branches and smaller increases in the pitting and control treatments. The piles of branches preferentially incorporated seed of the pastorally preferred species Monachather paradoxus Steud into the seedbank whereas pits preferentially incorporated seed of the pastorally unpreferred species Aristida jerichoensis (Domin) Henrad. Evidence generally pointed to incoming seed rain rather than the seedbank as the main source of new seedlings. On a medium-textured lithosol site neither the pits nor the branches treatment was effective in enhancing either the size or composition of the seedbank; in fact the piles of branches resulted in a decrease in its size.

scholarly journals The Role of Gender in Potato Production and Marketing: Case of Sheka Zone, Southwest Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Feyere Bekele ◽  
Benyam Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Potato Production ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
And Control

The objective of the study was assessing gender roles in potato production and marketing in the study area. Relevant information was gathered from 193 potato producers by using primary and secondary sources of data. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. The result indicated that in seed collection (46.3%), land preparation (60.3%), planting (96.8%), weeding (50.3%), cultivation (32.6%), Harvesting (38%), transporting (39.9%) and marketing (68.9%) of women respondents participate. Decisions about production and marketing of potato in the study area was mainly taken by men and in some cases, women participates. The main challenges that hinder gender participation in potato production and marketing was lack of access and control over assets(19.2%), lack of control of income(30.6%), Lack of land (6.7%) and lack of decision making on potato production(39.9%). Therefore, increasing opportunities for women, giving recognition, encouraging, documenting and disseminating their role can have a positive influence on productivity of potato.

scholarly journals THE METHOD FOR STRENGTH ABILITIES RAISING OF 12-13 YEAR OLD BOYS

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Shuba ◽  
Victoria Shuba
Keyword(s):  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Curriculum Planning ◽  
Sex Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Advanced Method ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Given

In these modern days teenagers are often interested in body-building. These hobbies can be used to generate interest in exercising in general and promote the development of muscle strength in particular. Middle school age is coincident with the end of the organism formation. At this time, the motor individuality of adult is finally formed. The deterioration of motor coordination with the intensive development of speed and speed-strength abilities is characterized for teenagers. There is a complex process of character and interests formation in life. The purpose of the article is – to demonstrate the influence of advanced method aimed at increasing the level of strength abilities for 12-13 year old boys. The research was performed from September 2020 to April 2021, experimentation facility was Gymnasium №107, Zaporizhia. It was attended by 57 boys aged 12-13 who were divided into experimental (n=29) and control (n=28) groups, all boys were classified in the main medical group. The advanced method has a clear applied orientation and is implemented mainly through the using of practical methods and forms, organization of lessons and aimed at implementing the variative principle. It includes: curriculum planning according to material and technical resources, staffing; age-sex characteristics of pupils, interests, provides succession and continuity between lessons; has a developmental character, applied orientation of the educational process and is aimed at forming a harmonious person. Important in organization of physical training lessons is the regular string of exercises focused on developing various strengths forms and their combination with other exercises. The obtained results showed that the indexes of strength training for 12-13 year old boys in the experimental group improve by 12.28%, and in the control group only by 6.42%. The positive influence of the elaborated method has been stated. The efficiency of the given method has been proved by the obtained data.

scholarly journals The Use of GeoGebra in Disadvantaged Rural Geometry Classrooms

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (14) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Collen Manganyana ◽  
Sonja Van Putten ◽  
Willem Rauscher
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Mathematics Classroom ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Pedagogical Tool ◽  
Mpumalanga Province ◽  
Learner Achievement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quantitative Data Analysis ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control

The aim of this study was to investigate how the implementation of GeoGebra by teachers who had recently attended a GeoGebra training course, impacts on learner experience and achievement. The study was conducted in four disadvantaged and under resourced schools situated in rural areas of the Mpumalanga Province of South Africa. Despite the curriculum’s encouragement to use educational technology in the mathematics classroom, and evidence of the benefits of such use, literature indicates that most mathematics teachers still struggle with effective technology integration into their classrooms. Within the non-equivalent quasi-experimental design of this study, a quantitative approach was used. The conceptual framework involved the first two levels of Kirkpatrick’s (1996) four level framework. Four Grade 10 classes comprising of 165 learners participated in this research. Data collection involved a questionnaire administered to the experimental group, as well as pre- and post-tests assessing the achievement of the learners regarding the properties of quadrilaterals administered to both the experimental and control groups. Results from the quantitative data analysis showed a significant difference in the mean scores with a mean difference of 6.5 in favour of learners taught with GeoGebra compared to a chalk and talk method. Implementation of and enthusiasm about GeoGebra had a positive influence on learner achievement. Analysis of the questionnaire responses indicated a positive reaction towards the use of GeoGebra in learning about quadrilaterals. Based on the results, it was concluded that GeoGebra as a pedagogical tool can work effectively in deep rural schools where geometry is hardly taught.

scholarly journals Properties of crackers with buckwheat sourdough

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-158
Author(s):  
Amel Selimović ◽  
Dijana Miličević ◽  
Amra Selimović ◽  
Sanja Oručević Žuljević ◽  
Amela Jašića ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Lactobacillus Brevis ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
And Control ◽  
Buckwheat Flour

AbstractEffects of additions of buckwheat flour and sourdough on the total phenols content, antioxidant activity, and sensory properties of crackers were examined. Different mixtures of wheat flour with addition of buckwheat flour and sourdough were used for the prepartion of crackers. Two types of lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus brevis) were used for the preparation of buckwheat sourdough. Properties of crackers made with addition of buckwheat flour and sourdough were analysed in comparison to control crackers made only with wheat flour. Significant increase of total phenols in comparison to wheat flour dough (0.73 mg gallic acid equivalent (GA)/g of dry basis (d.b.)) was accomplished by adding buckwheat flour (1.12 mg GA/g d.b.) and sourdough (1.77 and 1.79 mg GA/g d.b.) regardless of the type of lactic acid bacteries used. All samples showed the decrease in total phenol content during baking process. Crackers with sourdough had higher antioxidant activity (16.84 and 15.84 mmol Fe3+/g d.b.) compared to crackers made with addition of buckwheat flour (10.42 mmol Fe3+/g d.b.) and control sample (7.76 mmol Fe3+/g d.b.). The result of sensory analysis showed positive influence of sourdough on taste and texture of crackers and insignificant differences in odour and appearance of tested samples. Also, the chewiness of crackers made with the addition of buckwheat flour and sourdough was improved compared to control crackers made from wheat flour.

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