scholarly journals Romani Literature(s) As Minor Literature(s) in the Context of World Literature: A Survey of Romani Literatures in French and Spanish

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-57
Author(s):  
Marina Ortrud M. Hertrampf
Keyword(s):  
French Literature ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Minor Literature ◽  
Literary Traditions ◽  
Cultural Productions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Literary Forms ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Minor Literatures

The article discusses the comparatively young form of written Romani literary self-expression as an example of “minor literature” in Deleuze and Guattari’s sense.[1] The focus here is on producing a classifying survey of the literary production of Romani writers in France and Spain, with the article outlining the different aesthetic fields and literary forms evident in French and Spanish Romani literature. The comparative approach reveals thatdespite regional and national differences, these minor literatures demonstrate several aesthetic similarities typical of Romani literature that could ultimately come to define the transnational, cross-border characteristics of Romani literature. Furthermore, I show that there are literary tendencies in contemporary Romani literatures that go beyond the usual forms of establishing literary self-expression in diasporic cultural productions or aesthetic appropriation of major society’s literary traditions, so that Romani literatures in French and Spanish should, I argue, also be seen as part of world literature. 1 It is important to emphasize that the potentially offending implications of the evaluative use of the term “minor” is by no means hinted at in Deleuze and Guattari: The French “literature mineure” does not indicate lower aesthetic qualities or literary inferiority to majority literature but rather describes a literature produced by writers not (exclusively) belonging to the nation-state in which they live. At the same time, it should be mentioned that the term “small literature,” in contrast to minor literatures, means literary expressions from small nations or/and in small languages like, for example, in Bulgarian, Estonian, or Luxembourgish (cf., Glesener 2012). 

scholarly journals Contemporary french comparative studies: issues and methods

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-64
Author(s):  
Valentyna Narivska ◽  
Nataliia Pakhsarian
Keyword(s):  
French Literature ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Interconnected Systems ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Special Method ◽  
Cultural Transfer ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
And Gender

The paper presents a review of the main issues and methods of studying modern French literature and comparative studies. The authors outline the diferences between European approaches, now taken with focus rather on all-European common principles than cultural distinctions, and American tendencies that reflect the priority of feminist and post-colonial methods of comparative studies. Attention is paid to the French peculiarities concerning the replacement of the term ‘influence’ by ‘intertextuality’, and to the role of intermedial and interdisciplinary comparative studies. Among the outlined concepts and issues are research ethics in comparative studies; non-essential writers and genres (F. Lavokat); relation of comparative studies to the concepts of European and world literature (A. Tomiche); the role and place of comparative studies in literature and culture (F. Toudoire-Surlapierre), accuracy and universality of defining the discipline (B. Franco), the study of links between literature and art (G. Steiner). Attention is also paid to the discussions on the concept of ‘world literature’ (in particular to the views of P. Kazanova) that concern the term ‘world literature’ as it is interpreted by American researchers and ‘European literature’ used by French ones. Other issues are the concept of ‘cultural transfer’; the content of hermeneutic practice in comparison; the role of analysis and ‘defamiliarization’ (introduced by V. Shklovsky); comparison as an object of criticism, a tool of analytics, and methodological necessity; the transversality as the coexistence of diferent comparative methods. The comparative approach has been shown as ontological and culturological vision, a special method of research with a basis in comparison and opposition of the interconnected systems covering translation studies, mythology, imagology, geocriticism, post-colonial and gender studies, research of cultural transfer specified as multicomparativism.

Book Review: Bulgarian Literature as World Literature, edited by Mihaela P. Harper and Dimitar Kambourov (Review Essay)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petya Tsoneva ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Dynamic Interaction ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Minor Literature ◽  
Quality Literature ◽  
Recent Collection ◽  
Minor Literatures ◽  
Local Literatures ◽  
Geographical Economic

The essay reviews a recent collection of seminal critical readings of Bulgarian literature as “world literature.” Published by Bloomsbury Academic, the volume under discussion contributes to the study of the dynamic interaction of “minor” literatures with local, regional, and wider manifestations of global literary space. It is organized in four sections of thematic contributions authored by scholars from Bulgaria and beyond that discuss historical, geographical, economic, and genetic processes in the development of Bulgarian literature. The review follows the sections closely, and is attentive to specific phenomena, positions, texts, and contexts that render the concept of “minor literature” negotiable and open to reformulations. As most of the static labels are nowadays flushed into the conglomerate of “marginocentricity” and the reality of “quality literature” is no longer a criterion in the admission of local literatures to worldwide prominence, literary circulation has, to a great extent, become a function of the global market. The publication of the reviewed volume is the outcome of a vigorous effort to establish Bulgaria’s literary location within these processes and beyond them.

Anxieties of Experience

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
American Literature ◽  
Latin American ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Latin American Literature ◽  
First Century ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Leaves Of Grass ◽  
Literary Authority ◽  
The Us ◽  
New Interpretation

Anxieties of Experience: The Literatures of the Americas from Whitman to Bolaño offers a new interpretation of US and Latin American literature from the nineteenth century to the present. Revisiting longstanding debates in the hemisphere about whether the source of authority for New World literature derives from an author’s first-hand contact with American places and peoples or from a creative (mis)reading of existing traditions, the book charts a widening gap in how modern US and Latin American writers defined their literary authority. In the process, it traces the development of two distinct literary strains in the Americas: the “US literature of experience” and the “Latin American literature of the reader.” Reinterpreting a range of canonical works from Walt Whitman’s Leaves of Grass to Roberto Bolaño’s 2666, Anxieties of Experience shows how this hemispheric literary divide fueled a series of anxieties, misunderstandings, and “misencounters” between US and Latin American authors. In the wake of recent calls to rethink the “common grounds” approach to literature across the Americas, the book advocates a comparative approach that highlights the distinct logics of production and legitimation in the US and Latin American literary fields. Anxieties of Experience closes by exploring the convergence of the literature of experience and the literature of the reader in the first decades of the twenty-first century, arguing that the post-Bolaño moment has produced the strongest signs of a truly reciprocal literature of the Americas in more than a hundred years.

scholarly journals Human Resources Training Needs in the Small and Medium Enterprises from Cross-Border Area Romania-Ukraine-Republic of Moldova

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2150
Author(s):  
Carmen Emilia Chașovschi ◽  
Carmen Nastase ◽  
Mihai Popescu ◽  
Adrian-Liviu Scutariu ◽  
Iulian-Alexandru Condratov
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Training Needs ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
Border Area ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
New Development ◽  
Medium Enterprises

The research aim was to identify the training needs of entrepreneurs and employees within small and medium enterprises (SMEs) from the Suceava, Chernivtsi, and Bălți regions, to analyze the specific training practices in the cross-border area, and to identify the common features or the disparities. The research contains an exploratory survey, based on a semi-structured questionnaire that investigates the training needs in the SMEs and specific training practices with a comparative approach. The results relate to the challenges faced by transformation economies and by the specificities of SMEs from these remote areas. Additionally, the research connects the factors involved in planning and delivering training programs for employees in SMEs in this EU peripheral area with the weaknesses of the companies in facing the market competitive economy. The results of the survey disclosed some common features and specificities related to training needs, training responsibilities, and interests in the SMEs from this cross-border area. The discussions are relevant for different categories of stakeholders, at the micro-level, for the management of the companies, but also on a larger scale, in planning the new development programs for the labor market in the targeted areas.

scholarly journals From Japanese Schulz to Polish Parnicki – around the year 1974

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 487-500
Author(s):  
Tokimasa Sekiguchi
Keyword(s):  
French Literature ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Witold Gombrowicz ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
The World ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Polish Government ◽  
Bruno Schulz

The major works by Bruno Schulz and Witold Gombrowicz were translated into Japanese in the 1960s, mainly by Yukio Kudō. I was enchanted by those Japanese texts to such an extent that I decided to abandon French literature and switch to Polish contemporary literature. In 1974, I came to Poland on a post-graduate fellowship of the Polish government, and I began studies in literature and the Polish language at the Jagiellonian University. During that two-year stay in Krakow, my view of Polish literature changed several times. The phase well established in the Japanese translations I had known ended quickly. Then I began to “hunt” for promising Polish authors not yet present in world literature. I thus discovered the prolific, esoteric and difficult Teodor Parnicki (1908–1988). This essay is my description of my “penetrating” the world of the Polish language at that time.

scholarly journals Global Masterpieces and Italian Dialects

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Segnini
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Minority Status ◽  
Minor Literature ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
The Tempest ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Italian Dialects

This essay suggests that the ultraminor can function as a paradigm to examine literature that emphasizes the minority status of the language in which it is composed. Engaging with Deleuze and Guattari’s definition of minor literature and with Pascale Casanova and Lawrence Venuti’s reflections on the role of translation in the shaping of world literature, it develops a comparison between two rewritings of Shakespeare into Italian dialects: Eduardo De Filippo’s translation of The Tempest into Neapolitan and Luigi Meneghello’s translation of Hamlet into vicentino. The essay underlines how these endeavors represent translations into languages that, at the time of writing, are considered by their authors in decline and doomed to extinction, and argues that both authors use translation to emphasize the historical memory of their native idioms. Both De Filippo and Meneghello, in fact, set out to challenge the subordinate status of Neapolitan and vicentino by proving that dialects are apt to express great thought as well as philosophical, abstract, and theoretical concepts.

Translating the Translational: A Comparative Study of the Taiwanese and Mainland Chinese Translations of Xiaolu Guo's A Concise Chinese-English Dictionary for Lovers

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Flair Donglai Shi
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
English Language ◽  
Chinese Literature ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Chinese Student ◽  
Visual Design ◽  
Student Writing ◽  
Minor Literature ◽  
Mainland Chinese ◽  
Translational Strategies

The untranslatability of this particular novel does not come from the ‘resistant singularity’ claimed by world literature scholars like Emily Apter, but has to do instead with its inherently translational nature as a novel about intercultural (mis-)communication. Comparative close readings of the three versions published in Britain, Taiwan, and mainland China focus on paratexts, intra-textual visual design, and specific translational strategies. Caught between the established traditions of diasporic Chinese literature and liuxuesheng wenxue (‘overseas Chinese student writing’), A Concise Chinese-English Dictionary for Lovers and its Chinese-language translations offer insights into the dialectic between ‘minor’ literature and ‘world’ literature, discussed here with a particular focus on the global hegemony of the English language.

Fictions of Irregular Post-Soviet Migration

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Sadowski-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Short Story ◽  
The United States ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Abraham Cahan ◽  
Short Story Collection ◽  
Mary Antin ◽  
Cultural Productions ◽  
European Immigrants ◽  
Eastern European Immigrants

This chapter explores Sana Krasikov’s short story collection One More Year (2008) and Anya Ulinich’s novel Petropolis (2007) in order to develop a comparative approach to representations of irregular and unauthorized migration, a form of movement that has been largely identified with migrants from Mexico and Central America. The fiction by Krasikov and Ulinich represents ethnically and racially diverse protagonists from Russia, Georgia, and Uzbekistan, who arrive in the United States on nonimmigrant visas and become irregular or undocumented. These two works move beyond the themes of assimilation and family migration that dominated twentieth-century cultural productions by eastern European immigrants of Jewish descent, such as Mary Antin, Abraham Cahan, and Anzia Yezierska. Their work laid the foundation for a literature of assimilation to a middle-class white US racial identity that became fully available to European immigrants by the mid-twentieth century. The fiction by Krasikov and Ulinich emphasizes post-Soviet characters’ experiences of diminished access to the US labor market, residency, and citizenship rights, and thus positions itself in the larger context of contemporary US immigrant writing.

The city in modern Arabic literature

1986 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Ostle
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Arabic Literature ◽  
Implicit Contract ◽  
Literary Forms ◽  
Traditional Societies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Modern Arabic ◽  
The City

A superficial consideration of the history of Arabic literature impresses one by the remarkable longevity of literary forms: a qaṣīda written by the pre-Islamic poet Imru'l-Qays and many of those written by Aḥmad Shawqī who died in 1932 are eminently recognizable members of the same species. The system of prosody as codified by Khalīl b. Ahmad (d. A.D. 791) was still very much in force, and the thematic divisions into nasīb, wasf, and madīḥ or hijā' still had much in common. Similarly the maqāma form with its or ornate rhyming prose and limited range of stock characters was still being produced in Arabic at the turn of this century, and the links with the works of al-Hamadhānī (d. A.D. 1008) and al-Harīrī (d. A.D. 1122) are plain to behold and to hear. As with much world literature which is the product of ‘conservative’ or ‘traditional’ societies (for want of better terms), style is all. In thematic terms there is an implicit contract of understanding between the writer and the small, rarefied, élitist public. They know what to expect and the writer or performer delivers. The language, both in its form and its content, is a vehicle through which the relationships between writer or performer, and public or audience, are expressed.

Elusive, labile and constant in Patti Smith’s literary work

Tekstualia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (53) ◽  
pp. 115-146
Author(s):  
Dawid Maria Osiński
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
Human Identity ◽  
Autobiographical Writing ◽  
Literary Traditions ◽  
Literary Forms ◽  
Religious Dialogue ◽  
The Face ◽  
Visual Artist ◽  
Individual Human ◽  
European Modernism

The article analyzes the literary work of Patti Smith, an American singer-songwriter, poet (but not poetess) and visual artist, with a focus on the issues of historical, sociological, political, cultural and religious dialogue in her poetry. Dialogism, in turn, is a key aspect of intertextual creativity. The article examines the intersections of Smith’s lyrical and autobiographical writing with art, culture, religion and philosophy, for example her references to literary traditions (European modernism), art (impressionism and pop-cultural vanguard), religion (mysticism) and architecture (artefacts). Smith’s poetry raises questions about human identity, the meaning of loneliness, individual human possibilities in the face of history and politics. Diverse literary forms to be found in Smith’s output are referred to so as to account for the psychological and literary relevance of her achievement.

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