scholarly journals NEW DIMENSIONS OF FARMING: COMPROMISE AGRICULTURE

Author(s):  
Harish Kesharwani

The major issue is the improvement and development of agriculture as a result of increasing population, changing lifestyles, commercialization of agricultural products as well as seasonal variability, changes in production trend and agricultural inequality. Regardless of the extent of human development, but its supply will be either from the ground or its processing. Changes in the agricultural system can also be seen as a result of all kinds of changes in the context of agriculture. Also, the world's population is increasing rapidly and in the context of India, it is a fact that it is the second most populous country in the world, by 2030 it will overtake China to become the world's most populous country. Also, the population of India increases by 2 crore people every year, for which the demand for bread, cloth, house demand also increases. बढ़ती जनसंख्या, बदलती जीवन शैली, कृषिगत उत्पादों का व्यवासायीकरण के साथ साथ मौसमी परिवर्तनशीलता, उत्पादन प्रवृत्ति मे बदलाव और कृषिगत विषमता के परिणाम स्वरूप सबसे प्रमुख मुददा कृषि के सुधार और विकास का है। मानव अपने विकास की चाहे जो सीमा निर्धारित कर ले परंतु उसकी उदरपूर्ति जमीन से उगे आनाज या उसके प्रसंस्करण से ही होगी। कृषि के संदर्भ मे तमाम प्रकार के बदलावों के परिणाम स्वरूप कृषि प्रणाली मे भी बदलाव देखे जा सकते हैं। साथ ही विश्व की जनसंख्या तेजी के साथ बढ़ रही है तथा भारत के संदर्भ मे यह तथ्य है कि यह विश्व की दूसरी सर्वाधिक जनंख्या वाला देश है जो 2030 तक यह चीन को पीछे छोड़ते हुए विश्व की सर्वाधिक आबादी वाला देश हो जाएगा। साथ ही भारत की आबादी मे प्रतिवर्ष 2 करोड़ लोग बढ़ जाते है जिनकी आवश्यकता हेतु रोटी, कपड़ा, मकान की माॅग मे भी वृद्धि होती जाती है।

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 4894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo-wan Liu ◽  
Tomas Balezentis ◽  
Yao-yao Song ◽  
Guo-liang Yang

As the most populous country in the world, China has one of the largest agricultural systems in the world, which plays an important role in ensuring China’s food security. The state farms comprise an integral part of China’s agricultural system. However, there have been few studies evaluating the efficiency and capacity utilization of China’s state farms. In this paper, we estimate the efficiency and capacity utilization of state farms across 27 Chinese regions by applying the data envelopment analysis method. Performance of the overall state farm system and its three sub-industries is taken into consideration simultaneously. Over the period of 2013–2017, the technical efficiency fluctuated in between 0.74 and 0.84, whereas the capacity utilization fluctuated around 0.85. The regional differences were observed. The regional differences were also observed.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iúri Novaes Luna ◽  
Valéria De Bettio Mattos

This book, comprised of 13 chapters, presents papers which discuss the processes related to the career along one’s life cycle, from adolescents’ professional choices until processes of retirement. Notwithstanding the diversity of life and work contexts, present in the different chapters, they all somewhat correspond in their central purpose, presenting both perspectives and challenges related to contemporary career interventions. Some chapters address themes that are still seldom explored in national literature, while others discuss subjects that are long established in the area, however they are innovative. The authors study them in the context of changes in the world of work in the second decade of the 21st century, of the new career models and psychosocial processes that are linked to human development throughout life. The studies and practices in vocational guidance, career development and retirement, included in this book, are the results of research and practice in recent years carried out by professionals, professors and academics that in different ways have collaborated with the activities of LIOP - Laboratory of Information and Professional Guidance, at the Federal University of Santa Catarina.


2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 365-372
Author(s):  
Tunahan Erdem

The study aimed to reveal the competitiveness of the world dried sector for some selected products such as dried apples, prunes, apricots, figs, and grapes. In the study, the data was subjected to the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Relative Export Advantage (RXA), Relative Import Advantage (RMA), Relative Trade Advantage (RTA) and Relative Competitiveness (RC) indices. RCA is an index developed by Balassa to determine the competitiveness of a specific country for selected products or goods. To demonstrate the economic outlook for the world dried sector, the 2007 to 2017 data of China, USA, Chile, Germany, Iran, the Netherlands, South Africa, France, Uzbekistan, Argentina, Spain, Turkey, and India were compared, these countries dominating the sector of selected dried agricultural products. The results demonstrated that the world dried sector is very responsive to economic crises and to local currency rate. The RCA index was found to be 4.66 in 2007 for Turkey and it decreased to 4.45 by 2009 during the world economic crisis. The other breaking point was 2013 when Turkey experienced both economic and political crises.


2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behrooz Hashemi-Domeneh ◽  
Nasim Zamani ◽  
Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam ◽  
Mitra Rahimi ◽  
Shahin Shadnia ◽  
...  

Abstract The use of pesticides such as aluminium phosphide (AlP) has increased in the recent years and improved the quantity and quality of agricultural products in a number of developing countries. The downside is that AlP causes severe chronic and acute health effects that have reached major proportions in countries such as India, Iran, Bangladesh, and Jordan. Nearly 300,000 people die due to pesticide poisoning in the world every year. Poisoning with AlP accounts for many of these deaths. Unfortunately, at the same time, there is no standard treatment for it. The aim of this article is to give a brief review of AlP poisoning and propose a treatment flowchart based on the knowledge gained so far. For this purpose we reviewed all articles on the management of AlP poisoning published from 2000 till now. Using a modified Delphi design, we have designed a handy flowchart that could be used as a guide for AlP poisoning management of patients in emergency centres.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Defang Cao ◽  
Xiuju Zhang ◽  
Shengyuan Mo ◽  
Guihua Luo ◽  
Zhengfang Qin ◽  
...  

Berry tea is a perennial vine. Its scientific name is ampelopsis grossedentata. It belongs to vitaceae and is widely spread in the Tujia people of Xiangxi, Hunan Province. By adopting appropriate agricultural planting technology, rational use of organic selenium fertilizer and nutritional conditioner, we can produce high-quality berry tea with more healthy and even medicinal value and high selenium content, and realize double protection of human health with high selenium content and high flavonoids. Under the existing planting system, through the supplement of breeding links, constructing ecological recycling agricultural system combining planting and raising, not only can greatly enrich the supply of table agricultural products, but also can effectively ensure the high quality and high safety of agricultural products, and can effectively enrich the local agricultural industrial structure.Key words: berry tea; selenium-enriched; ecological agriculture; industrial revitalization and economic development


Author(s):  
Magdalena Golonko ◽  
Marcin Wysokiński ◽  
Arkadiusz Gromada

The main purpose of the article was to assess the regionalization of agricultural production in the world and the changes occurring in this aspect. The article presents the concentration level of agricultural production in the world by continent. The source of materials was data from FAOSTAT. The research period covered the years 2004 - 2016. In the analyzed period, the value of gross agricultural production doubled. Various trends were observed within the period studied. In the years 2004-2010, in all regions of the world, there was an increase in gross production of agriculture, while in the period 2010-2016 only in two – North America and Asia. It was noted that there was a high concentration of agricultural production, mainly concentrated in Asia and Europe. In the analyzed period, there was a relative increase in the share of agricultural production in Asia and South America as compared to other regions. Individual groups of agricultural products, such as cereals and animal production, were also analyzed. In both cases, concentration was different. The pace of concentration in animal production was higher than in plant production.


Author(s):  
Elena Pekhtereva ◽  

The review examines the results of the December 2020 official census of the population of China, the most populous country in the world. It is noted that the Chinese government is seriously concerned about the low rate of population growth. The authorities fear that a slowdown in population growth and its aging while the size of the labour force is decreasing may seriously slow down economic growth. The opinions and statements of analysts on the prospects of the demographic situation in China in the context of its socio-economic development are presented.


2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Russell Fulmer

AbstractPsychodynamic theory and practice has evolved from its psychoanalytic roots. The modern psychodynamic approach is among the most inclusive and versatile schools of thought available to therapists. With both cross-cultural application and a growing evidence base, psychodynamic therapy is practiced in many countries and cultures around the world. The dynamic approach is a system that touches on human development, personality, mental disorders, and of course, therapy. This article presents an overview of contemporary dynamic theory, its underlying philosophy, and its main objectives. 


2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Burkart ◽  
J.D. Stoner

Research from several regions of the world provides spatially anecdotal evidence to hypothesize which hydrologic and agricultural factors contribute to groundwater vulnerability to nitrate contamination. Analysis of nationally consistent measurements from the U.S. Geological Survey’s NAWQA program confirms these hypotheses for a substantial range of agricultural systems. Shallow unconfined aquifers are most susceptible to nitrate contamination associated with agricultural systems. Alluvial and other unconsolidated aquifers are the most vulnerable and shallow carbonate aquifers provide a substantial but smaller contamination risk. Where any of these aquifers are overlain by permeable soils the risk of contamination is larger. Irrigated systems can compound this vulnerability by increasing leaching facilitated by additional recharge and additional nutrient applications. The agricultural system of corn, soybeans, and hogs produced significantly larger concentrations of groundwater nitrate than all other agricultural systems, although mean nitrate concentrations in counties with dairy, poultry, cattle and grains, and horticulture systems were similar. If trends in the relation between increased fertilizer use and groundwater nitrate in the United States are repeated in other regions of the world, Asia may experience increasing problems because of recent increases in fertilizer use. Groundwater monitoring in Western and Eastern Europe as well as Russia over the next decade may provide data to determine if the trend in increased nitrate contamination can be reversed. If the concentrated livestock trend in the United States is global, it may be accompanied by increasing nitrogen contamination in groundwater. Concentrated livestock provide both point sources in the confinement area and intense non-point sources as fields close to facilities are used for manure disposal. Regions where irrigated cropland is expanding, such as in Asia, may experience the greatest impact of this practice.


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