scholarly journals Deteksi Salmonella spp. pada Telur Ayam Konsumsi yang Dilalulintaskan melalui Pelabuhan Tenau Kupang

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Susanto Nugroho ◽  
Trioso Purnawarman ◽  
Agustin Indrawati
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Method ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Commercial Poultry ◽  
Pass Through

Salmonelosis adalah salah satu penyakit food-borne bakterial zoonotik yang paling penting di seluruh dunia. Salmonella spp. adalah penyebab salmonelosis akibat konsumsi makanan berbahan dasar unggas dan produk unggas yang terkontaminasi. Unggas dan telur ayam dianggap merupakan salah satu reservoir Salmonella spp. yang paling penting. Salmonella spp. ditularkan melalui rantai makanan dan akhirnya menular ke manusia. Meningkatkan keamanan produk unggas dengan cara deteksi dini terhadap food-borne patogen merupakan komponen penting untuk membatasi kontaminasi Salmonella spp.. Metode deteksi dan identifikasi Salmonella spp. merupakan strategi yang dirancang untuk mencegah kontaminasi unggas dan produk unggas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeteksi Salmonella spp. dari telur ayam yang berasal dari 4 pengirim telur menggunakan metode konvensional. Jumlah sampel dihitung dengan menggunakan rumus menduga prevalensi dan diambil menggunakan metode acak berlapis. Analisis data hasil positif Salmonella spp. dilakukan secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian dari 270 sampel, 5 pengujian dengan metode konvensional positif Salmonella spp.. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian positif kontaminasi Salmonella spp. pada telur ayam maka diperlukan evaluasi terhadap pengiriman telur ayam konsumsi antar pulau.Kata kunci: kontaminasi, Salmonella spp., metode konvensional, telur ayam. (Detection of Salmonella spp. in Commercial Hen Eggs Entering through Tenau Port Kupang)Salmonellosis is one of the most important food-borne bacterial zoonotic diseases worldwide. Salmonella spp. are causative agent of salmonellosis associated with contaminated commercial poultry and poultry product. Poultry and eggs are considered one of the most important Salmonella spp. reservoirs. Salmonella spp. were able to pass through the food chain and ultimately transmitted to humans. Improving safety of poultry products by early detection of food-borne pathogens would be considered an important component for limiting exposure to Salmonella contamination. Detection and identification method for Salmonella spp. are considered to be an important component of strategies designed to prevent poultry and poultry product. The aims of the study were to detect Salmonella spp. from hen eggs collected from 4 exporters using conventional method. Samples size were calculated using estimates prevalence formula and selected by stratified random sampling. Data regarding the proportion of Salmonella spp. positive samples were analyzed descriptively. 270 samples, 5 test by conventional method were positive Salmonella spp.. According of positive test results Salmonella spp. contamination in hen eggs was necessary to evaluate the delivery of commercial hen eggs between islands.Keywords: conventional methods, hen eggs, Salmonella spp. contamination.

scholarly journals Molecular Survey of Quinolone Resistance in Salmonella spp. Isolated From Poultry Products in Karaj, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Mitra Forouhar ◽  
Naser Harzandi
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Quinolone Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Meat Samples

Background: Non-typhoidal salmonellae and serovars of Escherichia coli, Listeria, Shigella, and Campylobacter are among the most important food-borne bacterial agents. Objective: The aim of the present study was molecular detection of quinolone resistance in Salmonella spp. isolated from poultry products in Karaj, Iran, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Materials and Methods: Ninety samples of poultry products were collected from different brands and markets during September-December 2017. All samples were enriched in nutrient broth and Selenite F broth, and salmonellae were isolated by xylose lysine deoxycholate agar. The presence of specific genes of qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS was investigated employing PCR technique and subsequently, specific primers. Results: None of the 30 egg yolk samples had bacterial growth in the culture medium. In total, 29 (48.33%) out of 60 raw chicken meat samples were determined to be contaminated with Salmonella using culture-based methods (i.e., 7 (35%) out of 20 drumstick, 15 (62.5%) out of 24 breast, and 7 (43.75%) out of 16 liver samples). In addition, the frequency of qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS genes in the samples was 10.34%, 68.96%, and 86.20%, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study showed a high frequency of Salmonella contamination and qnr genes in the contaminated samples.

scholarly journals OCCURENCE AND ANTIBIOGRAM OF SALMONELLA SPP. IN RAW AND FERMENTED MILK IN ZARIA AND ENVIRONS

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
Z. Tamba ◽  
M. Bello ◽  
M. A. Raji
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Salmonellosis is an important food-borne disease affecting both humans and animals. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence and antibiogram of Salmonella species from raw and fermented milk. The results showed that out of the 350 milk samples examined 14 (4.0%) were positive for salmonella. The prevalence of Salmonella is higher in raw milk (4.6%) than in fermented milk (3.4%) with no statistical difference (P>0.05) between them. The prevalence of both raw (75.0%) and fermented milk (83.33%) is significantly higher (P<0.05) in SabonGari LGA than in Giwa LGA with 25.0% and 16.67% respectively. No salmonella was isolated from the all the 50 raw and 78 fermented milk examined from Zaria LGA. The antibiotic susceptibility test showed that ciprofloxacin and gentamicin were 100% susceptible, while chloramphenicol, kanamycin, nalidixic acid showed 93% susceptible each. Others are streptomycin and tetracycline (64.3%), amoxicillin (21.4%), ampicillin and erythromycin (14.3%) and lincomycin (0%). This connotes that all the Salmonella isolates were 100% resistance to lincomycin, 85.7% to erythromycin, 85.7% to ampicillin and 78.6% to amoxicillin. The antibiotic resistance pattern of 14 Salmonella isolates from raw and fermented milk showed 9 different resistance patterns of the11 antimicrobial agents used. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) test showed that only 1(7.1%) of the isolate was sensitive to Amoxicillin with < 0.12 while the remaining 9 (98.9%) were resistant to the two antibiotics used (AML and E) with >256.

scholarly journals OCCURRENCE OF SALMONELLA SPP. IN BROILER CHICKEN FECES IN THE CENTRAL REGION OF THE STATE OF MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Caio Júnior Lúcio ◽  
Joana Bittencourt Mathias ◽  
Claudio Marcos Lauer Júnior ◽  
Silvia Jaqueline Viana Soares Flores ◽  
Fernanda Martinez Xavier Alves Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The State ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Commercial Poultry ◽  
Chicken Feces ◽  
Biochemical Testing

Bacteria of the genus Salmonella are gram-negative rods, facultative anaerobic non-spore formers, which may or may not be flagellated. These bacteria are frequently detected in poultry products and are important in animal and public health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of Salmonella spp. in feces from broiler chicken litters located in municipalities of the central region of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The study analyzed 845 feces samples from different poultry farms collected between September 2016 and March 2017. Pre-enrichment broths, specific selective broths and selective indicator agar were used for the analyses. The suspected isolates were submitted to biochemical testing and serotyping with “O” and “H” antisera to identify the Salmonella serotypes. The results showed that 213 feces samples were contaminated with Salmonella, and the serotypes found were: S. Minnesota, S. Sandiego, S. Schwarzengrund, S. Infantis, S. Hadar, S. enterica subsp. enterica (O: 4.5), S. Montevideo, S. Miami, S. Heidelberg, S. Cerro, S. Ndolo, S. Panama, S. Anatum, S. Tennessee, S. Agona, S. Newport and S. Muenster. The Minnesota serotype was predominant among the isolates investigated. Actions to improve the biosafety of commercial poultry farms are necessary to prevent possible contamination of poultry products that endanger human health.

Inhibition of Bacterial Biofilm Formation by Phytotherapeutics with Focus on Overcoming Antimicrobial Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (24) ◽  
pp. 2807-2816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Su Jang ◽  
Tímea Mosolygó
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Scientific Attention

: Bacteria within biofilms are more resistant to antibiotics and chemical agents than planktonic bacteria in suspension. Treatment of biofilm-associated infections inevitably involves high dosages and prolonged courses of antimicrobial agents; therefore, there is a potential risk of the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Due to the high prevalence of AMR and its association with biofilm formation, investigation of more effective anti-biofilm agents is required. : From ancient times, herbs and spices have been used to preserve foods, and their antimicrobial, anti-biofilm and anti-quorum sensing properties are well known. Moreover, phytochemicals exert their anti-biofilm properties at sub-inhibitory concentrations without providing the opportunity for the emergence of resistant bacteria or harming the host microbiota. : With increasing scientific attention to natural phytotherapeutic agents, numerous experimental investigations have been conducted in recent years. The present paper aims to review the articles published in the last decade in order to summarize a) our current understanding of AMR in correlation with biofilm formation and b) the evidence of phytotherapeutic agents against bacterial biofilms and their mechanisms of action. The main focus has been put on herbal anti-biofilm compounds tested to date in association with Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and food-borne pathogens (Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli).

Antimicrobial Resistance and Presence of Class 1 Integrons Among Different Serotypes of Salmonella spp. Recovered From Children with Diarrhea in Tehran, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-166
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Hanieh Eshaghi Zadeh ◽  
Hossein Fahimi ◽  
Fatemeh Fardsanei ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Class 1 Integrons ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
C 30

Background: Salmonellosis is a major food-borne disease worldwide. The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among food-borne pathogens such as Salmonella spp. is concerning. Objective: The main objective of this study is to identify class 1 integron genes and to determine antibiotic resistance patterns among Salmonella isolates from children with diarrhea. Methods: A total of 30 Salmonella isolates were recovered from children with diarrhea. The isolates were characterized for antimicrobial susceptibility and screened for the presence of class 1 integron genes (i.e. intI1, sulI1, and qacEΔ1). Results: The most prevalent serotype was Enteritidis 36.7%, followed by Paratyphi C (30%), and Typhimurium (16.7%). The highest rates of antibiotic resistance were obtained for nalidixic acid (53.3%), followed by streptomycin (40%), and tetracycline (36.7%). Regarding class 1 integrons, 36.7%, 26.7%, and 33.3% of the isolates carried intI1, SulI, and qacEΔ1, respectively, most of which (81.8%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Statistical analysis revealed that the presence of class 1 integron was significantly associated with resistance to streptomycin and tetracycline (p = 0.042). However, there was no association between class 1 integron and other antibiotics used in this study (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The high frequency of integron class 1 gene in MDR Salmonella strains indicates that these mobile genetic elements are versatile among different Salmonella serotypes, and associated with reduced susceptibility to many antimicrobials.

scholarly journals Salmonella Bacteriophage Diversity According to Most Prevalent Salmonella Serovars in Layer and Broiler Poultry Farms from Eastern Spain

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1456
Author(s):  
Sandra Sevilla-Navarro ◽  
Pablo Catalá-Gregori ◽  
Clara Marin
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Production Type ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Commercial Poultry ◽  
Salmonella Serovars ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Phage Isolation ◽  
Salmonella Phage

The exploration of novel nonantibiotic interventions in the field, such as the use of bacteriophages, is necessary to avoid the presence of Salmonella. Bacteriophages are a group of viruses widely distributed in nature, strictly associated with the prokaryotic cell. Researchers have demonstrated the success of phage therapy in reducing Salmonella counts in poultry products. However, the impact that phage concentration in the environment may have against certain Salmonella serovars is not well understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess Salmonella phage prevalence in commercial poultry farms in terms of the production type: layers or broilers. The most prevalent Salmonella serovars isolated in poultry production were used for phage isolation. Salmonella specific phages were isolated from 141 layer and broiler farms located in the Valencia region during 2019. Analysis of the samples revealed that 100% presented Salmonella phages, the most prevalent being against serovar S. Enteritidis (93%), followed by S. Virchow (59%), S. Typhimurium (55%), S. Infantis (52%) and S. Ohio (51%). These results indicate that poultry farms could represent an important source of Salmonella phages. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to assess the epidemiology of phages against other serovars present in other countries and their diversity from the point of view of molecular studies.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis of the Cecal Tonsil of Jingxing Yellow Chickens Revealed the Mechanism of Differential Resistance to Salmonella

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Wang ◽  
Jin Zhang ◽  
Bo Zhu ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Qiao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Differential Resistance ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Salmonella Infection ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Cecal Tonsil ◽  
Iga Production

Salmonella is one of the most common food-borne pathogens. It can be transmitted between chickens, as well as to people by contaminated poultry products. In our study, we distinguished chickens with different resistances mainly based on bacterial loads. We compared the cecal tonsil transcriptomes between the susceptible and resistant chickens after Salmonella infection, aiming to identify the crucial genes participating in the antibacterial activity in the cecal tonsil. A total of 3214 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 2092 upregulated and 1122 downregulated genes, were identified between the two groups (fold change ≥ 2.0, padj < 0.05). Many DEGs were mainly involved in the regulation of two biological processes: crosstalk between the cecal tonsil epithelium and pathogenic bacteria, such as focal adhesion, extracellular-matrix–receptor interaction, and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and host immune response including the cytokine–receptor interaction. In particular, the challenged resistant birds exhibited strong activation of the intestinal immune network for IgA production, which perhaps contributed to the resistance to Salmonella infection. These findings give insight into the mRNA profile of the cecal tonsil between the two groups after initial Salmonella stimulation, which may extend the known complexity of molecular mechanisms in chicken immune response to Salmonella.

scholarly journals Animal and Human Multidrug-Resistant, Cephalosporin-ResistantSalmonella Isolates Expressing a Plasmid-Mediated CMY-2 AmpC β-Lactamase

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 2777-2783 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Winokur ◽  
A. Brueggemann ◽  
D. L. DeSalvo ◽  
L. Hoffmann ◽  
M. D. Apley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Plasmid Dna ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Clonal Spread ◽  
Resistance Rates

ABSTRACT Salmonella spp. are important food-borne pathogens that are demonstrating increasing antimicrobial resistance rates in isolates obtained from food animals and humans. In this study, 10 multidrug-resistant, cephalosporin-resistant Salmonellaisolates from bovine, porcine, and human sources from a single geographic region were identified. All isolates demonstrated resistance to cephamycins and extended-spectrum cephalosporins as well as tetracycline, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, and sulfisoxazole. Molecular epidemiological analyses revealed eight distinct chromosomal DNA patterns, suggesting that clonal spread could not entirely explain the distribution of this antimicrobial resistance phenotype. However, all isolates encoded an AmpC-like β-lactamase, CMY-2. Eight isolates contained a large nonconjugative plasmid that could transformEscherichia coli. Transformants coexpressed cephalosporin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, and sulfisoxazole resistances. Plasmid DNA revealed highly related restriction fragments though plasmids appeared to have undergone some evolution over time. Multidrug-resistant, cephalosporin-resistant Salmonellaspp. present significant therapeutic problems in animal and human health care and raise further questions about the association between antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic use in animals, and transfer of multidrug-resistant Salmonella spp. between animals and man.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Bacteriophage ZCSE6 against Salmonella spp.: Phage Application in Milk

Biologics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-176
Author(s):  
Abdallah S. Abdelsattar ◽  
Anan Safwat ◽  
Rana Nofal ◽  
Amera Elsayed ◽  
Salsabil Makky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Control ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Food safety is very important in the food industry as most pathogenic bacteria can cause food-borne diseases and negatively affect public health. In the milk industry, contamination with Salmonella has always been a challenge, but the risks have dramatically increased as almost all bacteria now show resistance to a wide range of commercial antibiotics. This study aimed to isolate a bacteriophage to be used as a bactericidal agent against Salmonella in milk and dairy products. Here, phage ZCSE6 has been isolated from raw milk sample sand molecularly and chemically characterized. At different multiplicities of infection (MOIs) of 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001, the phage–Salmonella interaction was studied for 6 h at 37 °C and 24 h at 8 °C. In addition, ZCSE6 was tested against Salmonella contamination in milk to examine its lytic activity for 3 h at 37 °C. The results showed that ZCSE6 has a small genome size (<48.5 kbp) and belongs to the Siphovirus family. Phage ZCSE6 revealed a high thermal and pH stability at various conditions that mimic milk manufacturing and supply chain conditions. It also demonstrated a significant reduction in Salmonella concentration in media at various MOIs, with higher bacterial eradication at higher MOI. Moreover, it significantly reduced Salmonella growth (MOI 1) in milk, manifesting a 1000-fold decrease in bacteria concentration following 3 h incubation at 37 °C. The results highlighted the strong ability of ZCSE6 to kill Salmonella and control its growth in milk. Thus, ZCSE6 is recommended as a biocontrol agent in milk to limit bacterial growth and increase the milk shelf-life.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document