Effect of Rainfall Intensity on Glyphosate Herbicide Effectiveness in Controlling Ageratum conyzoides, Rottboellia exaltata, and Cyperus rotundus Weeds

Glyphosate is one of herbicide active ingredient which is mostly used to control weeds in crops. However, in rain season herbicide effectiveness decreases as it is washed by rain. This research aimed to study effect of rainfall intensity on the effectiveness of herbicide (Round up 486 SL 2.5 l/ha.) with isopropilamina glyphosate as the active ingredient in controlling specific weeds Ageratum conyzoides, Rottboellia exaltata, and Cyperus rotundus. The experiment was consisted of six treatments and arranged in randomized block design with 8 replications. The treatments were level of rain intensity which were 5 mm/hour, 10 mm/hour, 20 mm/hour, 40 mm/hour, no rain and control (no herbicide no rain). Rainfall intensity was determined by conducting simulation trials prior to the treatments and applied 30 minutes after herbicide applications. The results showed that herbicide effectiveness decreased as the rainfall intensity incresed, even though with longer time the herbicide was still able to control the weeds. The effect of rainfall intensity on herbicide effectiveness was different for different weeds. Up to intensity 40 mm/hour herbicide was capable to control weeds but with level of weeds destruction 20-60%.

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EFIKASI HERBISIDA ISOPROPILAMINA GLIFOSAT 240 g l-1 TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN GULMA DI PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) TANAMAN MENGHASILKAN

Inovasi Pembangunan : Jurnal Kelitbangan ◽

10.35450/jip.v9i02.228 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (02) ◽

pp. 189

Author(s):

Wasri Yaman

Keyword(s):

Oil Palm ◽

Elaeis Guineensis ◽

Block Design ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Homogeneity Of Variance ◽

Glyphosate Herbicide ◽

Elaeis Guineensis Jacq ◽

Plantation Crops ◽

And Control

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Is one of the most widely cultivated plantation crops in Indonesia. The decrease in productivity of oil palm is caused by presence of weeds around the plant that can be controled. One of the most commonly used controls is the use of the isopropylamine glyphosate herbicide. This research aims to determine the dosage of the Isopropylamine glyphosate herbicide which is oil palm yields. Determining changes in weed composition after application of Isopropylamine glyphosate herbicide in oil palm yields. Determining whether phytotoxicity occurs in oil palm yields after application of the Isopropylamine glyphosate herbicide. This research was conducted in oil palm plantations owned by farmers in Jontor Kenangasari Village, Seputih Surabaya District, Central Lampung Regency and the Weed Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, Gedong Meneng, Bandar Lampung. The research was conducted using a randomized block design (RBD) with 6 treatments and 4 replications, namely various doses of isopropylamine glyphosate (360, 600, 480, and 720 g ha-1), manual weeding, and control. Homogeneity of variance was tested using the Bartlet test, additivity was tested by the Tukey test, and the mean difference was tested by the Least Significant Difference Test (LSD) at the 5% level. The results showed that: (1) The isopropylamine glyphosate herbicide dose of 480-720 g ha-1 is effective in controlling total weeds, grasses weeds, Brachiaria mutica weeds and Mikania micrantha weeds up to 12 MSA and the herbicide dose of 600-720 g ha-1 is effective in controlling wide leaf weeds, and Cyrtococcum acrescens weeds up to 8 MSA, (2) The isopropylamine glyphosate herbicide 360- 720 g ha-1 causes changes in weed composition at 4, 8, and 12 MSA, and (3) Application of the isopropylamine glyphosate herbicide 360 - 720 g ha-1 on plant plates did not cause poisoning to oil palm plants.

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Efikasi Herbisida Campuran Atrazin Dan Mesotrion Untuk Mengendalikan Gulma Pada Budidaya Tanaman Jagung ( Zea Mays L.)

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan ◽

10.25181/jppt.v16i1.72 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dera Fungky Ellezandi ◽

Dad R.J. Sembodo ◽

Herawati Hamim

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Block Design ◽

Cyperus Rotundus ◽

Commelina Benghalensis ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Bartlett Test ◽

Dose Combination ◽

And Control

Maize (Zea mays L ) is the most important food crops in the world beside rice and wheat. Weeds are one factor cause decrease productivity of maize. The objectives of this research were to know of dose combination atrazine and mesotrione herbicide to control the weed in maize field and how was the atrazine and mesotrione effect to maize. The research was conducted in Natar, South Lampung and Weeds Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, from December 2014 to April 2015. The experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with six treatments and four replications. The treatments are combination atrazine and mesotrion herbicide rates at 500+50; 750+75; 1000+100; 1250+125; and 1500+150 g ha-1, mechanical weeding, and control. Homogenity of variance was tested by Bartlett test and additivitty tested by Tukey's test, the comparison of mean were tested by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at 5% level. The result showed that (1) Atrazine and mesotrione herbicide at 500+50 until 1500+150 g ha-could suppress total, sedges, Cyperus rotundus and Celosia argenthea weed at 3 Weeks After Treatment (WAT), whereas at 6 WAT couldn’t suppress weeds. (2) Atrazine and mesotrione herbicide at 500+50 until 1500+150 g ha-could suppress broadleaves, Richardia brasiliensis and Commelina benghalensis weeds until 6 WAT. (3) Atrazine and mesotrione herbicide at 500+50 until 1500+150 g ha-couldn’t suppress grasses and Rottboellia exaltata weed until 6 WAT (4) Atrazine and mesotrione herbicide does not affect the growth and production of maize. Key words: Weed, Efficacy, Atrazine, Mesotrione, Maize

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Pemanfaatan Alelopati Beberapa Jenis Gulma Sebagai Herbisida Nabati dan Dampaknya Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Bawang Merah (Allium Ascalonicum L.)

Jurnal Agroqua Media Informasi Agronomi dan Budidaya Perairan ◽

10.32663/ja.v6i1.185 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ikhsan Hasibuan ◽

Prihanani Prihanani ◽

Danner Sagala

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Imperata Cylindrica ◽

Cyperus Rotundus ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Ageratum Conyzoides ◽

Mikania Micrantha ◽

Extract Concentration ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

The University

The investigation was done to use the allelopathical potency of tested weeds as botanical herbicide, to find the best concentration of weed extract, to find the effect of allelopathy to either weed of onion or the onion. The experiment was carried out in experimental land of Agriculture Faculty, The University of Hazairin, North Bengkulu and Laboratory of Agronomy for four months.The experiment was arranged factorially in a randomized block design with three replications. The kinds of extract weeds were Imperata cylindrica, Cyperus rotundus, Mikania micrantha and Ageratum conyzoides. Concentration was applied at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%.The result concluded that extract, concentration or interaction of the two not only affected insignificant to growth and yield of onion but also dry weight of weed. However, extract of Cyperus rotundus tent to suppress the weed around the onion. Concentration of extract showed inconsistent response to all parameters. It probably because the concentration was still low so that the effect of maintenance was dominant.

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PENGARUH POPULASI TANAMAN DAN PENGGUNAAN MULSA TERHADAP POPULASI GULMA DAN HASIL PUCIL JAGUNG MANIS (ZEA MAYS SACCHARATA STURT) DI LAHAN KERING

AGRICA ◽

10.37478/agr.v6i2.433 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 124-133

Author(s):

I Ketut Arsa Wijaya

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Block Design ◽

Plant Population ◽

Cyperus Rotundus ◽

Corn Kernel ◽

Plastic Mulch ◽

Rice Plants ◽

Straw Mulch ◽

Combination Treatments ◽

Randomized Block Design

This study was conducted in Balai Benih Induk (BBI) Luwus, Baturiti District, Tabanan Regency, with the high of place 506m above sea level occurring in March to May 2014. This research used randomized block design arranged per factor, namely population of plants (P) including three steps: P1=80.000 plants per hectare, P2= 100.00 plants per hectare, P3= 120.000 per hectare; and mulch (M) that include: M0= without mulch and without cleaning, M1= without mulch with clean weeding, M2= rice plants straw mulch (5 ton per hectare) and M3= black silver plastic mulch. Eventually, there were 12 combination treatments, each of which was repeated 3 times to obtain 36 land slots. The research indicates that there was no real interaction between the treatment of plant population and mulch usage in all variables observed. The 100.000 plant population per hectare can produce the weight of dry and fresh oven corn kernel without highest cornhusk that was to say 4.79 tons and 0.53 tons or 11.66 % and 20.45% higher compared to 120.000 plant population per hectare. The use of black silver plastic and rice plants straw mulch can produce the weight of fresh and dry oven corn kernel without cornhusk per hectare each of which is 4.69 tons, 4.57 tons, and 0.54 tons, 0.47 tons or 26.76%, 38.46 %, and 23.51 %, 20.51 % higher than without mulch and without clean weeding. Clean weeding treatment can produce the weight of fresh and dry oven corn kernel without cornhusk per hectare with its weight of 4.63 tons and 0.51 tons or 25.35 % and 35.90 % higher than without mulch and cleaning. Clean weeding treatment was not obviously different from mulch treatment. The identification of weed types were 19 kinds of weeds and Cyperus rotundus L. Weeds. They have the highest density and each absolute frequent of 1249.333 stems m-2 and 1.00.

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Kompetisi beberapa jenis gulma terhadap pertumbuhan awal beberapa varietas tanaman tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.)

Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman Tropis ◽

10.19184/jptt.v1i1.15585 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

Dentin Queentiara Moelyaandani ◽

S Setiyono

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Saccharum Officinarum ◽

Cyperus Rotundus ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Initial Growth ◽

High Productivity ◽

Sugarcane Varieties ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Best Response ◽

Number Of Leaves

Sugarcane (Sacharum officinarum L.) is a sugar-producing plant and is a food commodity that is needed by the people of Indonesia. National sugar demands are increasing every year. The low productivity of sugarcane is due to the competition of weeds which can reduce sugarcane production. To achieve high productivity, it is necessary to pay attention to the varieties used because they require certain conditions in their management. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of varieties and types of weeds on the initial growth of sugarcane. The study was conducted from September 2018 to December 2018. The study used factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors and four replications. The first factor consists of 4 sugarcane varieties, namely: Bululawang (V1), Red HW (V2), VMC (V3) and PS 862 (V4). The second factor type of weed consists of 2 types, namely Cyperus rotundus (N1) and Amaranthus spinosus L. (N2). The results showed that (1) There was interaction between the varieties (V) and the weed types (N) in stem diameter parameters and number of tillers, the treatment V4N1 gives the best response to stem diameter 1,31 cm and 4,25 number of tillers; (2) The treatment of varieties (V) gives affects to stem diameter and number of leaves, the treatment V4 gives the best response 5,38 to number of leaves; (3) Types of thorn spinach weeds can reduce the initial growth of sugarcane. Keywords: Varieties; weed; sugarcane

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PERBEDAAN PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PRA LANSIA PRE HIPERTENSI YANG DIBERI JUS TOMAT (Lycopersicum grandifilum)

JURNAL MEDIA KESEHATAN ◽

10.33088/jmk.v10i2.337 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 152-158

Author(s):

Hari Yani Fadillah

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Block Design ◽

Pressure Control ◽

Tomato Juice ◽

Control Group ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Before And After ◽

Blood Pressure Treatment ◽

And Control

The research aims to know the effect of tomato juice on blood pressure in pre-elderly pre hypertension at Posbindu Puskesmas Nusa Indah Bengkulu City.The design of research was a quasi experiment include pre test post test. This population was all patients posbindu aged 45-59 years. Sampling of this research randomized block design of one factorial were 6 samples divided into treatment and control group. The data which have been analyzed using univariate and bivariate. From this research were obtained the results such as the mean of sistole blood pressure before and after intervention in treatment group p = 0,273 and diastole p = 0,27. Mean systole blood pressure control group p = 0.060 and diastole p = 2.14. Distribution of tomato juice (Lycopersicum grandifilum) did not given affect the decrease in blood pressure of systole diastole before and after intervention in pre-elderly pre hypertension. Whereas the difference in mean systole of blood pressure treatment and control group p = 0.935 and diastolic of blood pressure p = 0.678. There ware not difference in mean of blood pressure in the tomato juice treatment group and control of Vitamin C. The result concluded there were not effect of tomato juice (Lycopersicum grandifilum) on systolic of blood pressure in pre-elderly pre hypertension at Posbindu Puskesmas Nusa Indah Bengkulu City.

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Pengaruh Konsentrasi Liquor Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) terhadap Karakteristik Krim Berbahan Aktif Ekstrak Kunyit dan Daun Asam

JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI ◽

10.24843/jrma.2021.v09.i02.p09 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 238

Author(s):

Monica Rusiyantoro ◽

Sri Mulyani ◽

I Wayan Arnata

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Active Ingredient ◽

Theobroma Cacao ◽

Block Design ◽

Total Phenol ◽

Color Test ◽

Color Preferences ◽

Separation Ratio ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Theobroma Cacao L

The concentrations of cocoa liquor is an alternative to increase phenolic compounds and at the same time as a natural coloring agent in creams. This study aims to determine the effect of the concentration of the cocoa liquor on the characteristics of the cream with the active ingredient of turmeric and tamarind leaves and to determine the cocoa liquor concentration to produce the best characteristics of the cream with the active ingredient of turmeric and tamarind leaves. This study used a randomized block design with 6 levels of cocoa liquor concentration of 0%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, and 12%. The variables observed were homogeneity, viscosity, pH, spreadability, separation ratio, adhesion, L*, a*, b* color test, and total phenol of the cream. The results showed that the treatment of cocoa liquor concentration had a very significant effect on pH, viscosity, adhesion, dispersion, L*, a*, b* color tes, total phenol test, and organoleptic color test. Meanwhile, the treatment of cocoa liquor concentration had a significant effect on the separation ratio of the cream with the active ingredient of turmeric and tamarind leaf. The results of this study indicate that the concentration of cocoa liquor as much as 4% produces a cream with the active ingredient of turmeric and tamarind leaves with the best characteristics that are homogeneous with pH 6.13, viscosity 15333cp and, adhesion 2.39sec, spreadability 7.18cm, separation ratio 0.95, color test values L * 15.39, the values of a * 11.55, the values of b * 13.92, with the organoleptic test for color preferences 5.1. Keywords: Liquor cacao, turmeric, tamarind leave, cream characteristics

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Influence of Mother Rhizome Retrieval and Organic Treatment of the Retrieved Plants on Economic Yield of Ginger at Salyan, Nepal

Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science ◽

10.3126/jiaas.v35i1.22542 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 203-209

Author(s):

M. Basnet ◽

H. Gurung

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Applied Field ◽

Block Design ◽

Tiller Number ◽

Cost Ratio ◽

Benefit Cost Ratio ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Retrieval Factor ◽

Benefit Cost ◽

And Control

An experiment was conducted at Salyan, Nepal to assess the mother rhizome retrieval and organic treatment of the same retrieved plant on economic yield of ginger during 2015/16.‘ Kapurkot Aduwa-1’, a superior Nepalese variety was used for this experiment. Two dates i.e. 1 September and 7 September were used as a time of retrieval factor and seven organic treatments i.e. Trichoderma, Jeevatu, Bordeaux paste, mixture of neem and timur dust, vermicompost, jholmal and control as second factor and these 14 treatment combinations were laid out in factorial randomized block design with three replications. The plant height, leaf number, tiller number was found to be significantly highest with vermicompost treatment on all days 5 days interval after harvesting of the mother rhizome whereas the lowest was observed at control. The mother rhizome yield and fresh rhizome was found to be significantly highest on vermicompost applied field with 1.7 t/ha and 22.8 mt/ha respectively and lowest fresh rhizome yield (15.5. t/ha) was found with control. The disease yield was significantly lowest (0 t/ha) and highest (0.2 t/ha) with the control. Benefit cost ratio was found to be significantly highest (1.74) and lowest at control (1.32).

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PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN LUMPUR AKTIF PADA BIOFILTER ANOKSIK-OKSIK DALAM MENURUNKAN KADAR AMONIA AIR LIMBAH RUMAH SAKIT

ECOTROPHIC Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) ◽

10.24843/ejes.2019.v13.i01.p06 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 49

Author(s):

Wayan Trisna Dewi ◽

I Wayan Budiarsa Suyasa ◽

I Nyoman Rai

Keyword(s):

Activated Sludge ◽

Block Design ◽

Quality Standard ◽

Suspended Solid ◽

Hospital Wastewater ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Increasing Demand ◽

Two Stages ◽

Demand For Health ◽

And Control

Development of the population and the increasing demand for health services has led to the increase in the number of hospitals, both government hospital and privet hospitals. The presence of ammonia as a result of protein decomposition can be toxic in the waters. The application of anoxic-oxic biofilter system is an attempt to be able to reduce ammonia levels in hospital wastewater. In the process of anoxic-oxic biofilter, contact occurs between the gravel media and microorganism to form biofilms which can accelerate the degradation of organic matter and the nitrification process. This study aims to obtain the best activated sludge source in reducing ammonia levels of wastewater applied to the anoxic-oxic biofilter system applied. This research was contucted in two stages in which the first stage of active mud nursery was carried out from three sources, namely WWTP Wangaya Hospital Denpasar, WWTP of PTN Hospital Udayana University and WWTP of Bangli Hospital for six days. At this stage a Mixed Liquor Volatile Suspended Solid (MLVSS) value is measured which shows the growth rate of biomass in activated sludge. The second stage is applivation of avtivated sludge and control to the anoxic-oxic biofilter system to reduce ammonia levels in hospital wastewater for five days of processing. This study use a randomized block design with four treatments and three replication. The results showed that the best activated sludge was obtained through nursery from WWTP of Wangaya Denpasar Hospital which was shown by the highest biomass growth (MLVSS Value) of 2433.3 mg/L and the highest reduction in ammonia reached a final level of 0.53 mg/L. The levels of effectiveness of the process of decreasing ammonia levels by 94.70% and has been able to pass the specified quality standard effectiveness percentage (90%) for five days of processing. The value of this effectiveness is the highest compared to the controls and other activated sludge treatment.

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Cowpea yield on soils with residues of NPK and natural phosphate fertilizers in succession the area of degraded pasture

Revista CERES ◽

10.1590/0034-737x201663040017 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 553-567 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pedro Emerson Gazel Teixeira ◽

Antonio Rodrigues Fernandes ◽

Jessivaldo Rodrigues Galvão ◽

Wendel Valter da Silveira Pereira ◽

Sandro Rogério Almeida Casanova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phosphorus Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Residual Effect ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Phosphate Fertilizers ◽

Natural Phosphate ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Degraded Pasture ◽

And Control ◽

Degraded Pastures

ABSTRACT The cultivation of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp] can be an important alternative in succession to maize in areas of degraded pastures due to the use of residue from fertilizers . With this, we aimed to evaluate the productivity of cowpea as a successor culture to undergo corn doses of reactive natural phosphate Arad and combinations with NPK. The experimental design was a randomized block design in a split plot with four replications. The fertilizer was applied in previous cultivation (crop) using four phosphate doses in the form of Arad natural phosphate: 50, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1 of P2O5 and the sub-plots in combination with NPK, NK, NK + liming, and control (no liming and fertilizer). The cowpea yield components were evaluated in this work. The residues of P2O5 from the natural phosphate increased the phosphorus content in the plant and influenced the number of grains per pod. The residual effect of NK+ liming and only NK showed better results for the variables grain yield, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and dry mass of aerial part. The residual effect of NPK showed better results for the mass of 100 grains.

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