scholarly journals Hubungan Partisipasi Petani dengan Keberlanjutan Sistem Pertanian Terpadu Mina Padi

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Esti Ittaqillah ◽  
Dwi Sadono ◽  
Endang Sri Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Technology Infrastructure ◽  
Ecological Economic ◽  
Spearman Correlation Test ◽  
System Data ◽  
The Government

The government is currently developing an integrated agricultural system for mina padi in order to optimize agricultural land that can increase the productivity of agricultural land, improve the welfare of farmers and support food security. Farmers participation in implementing the mina padi system is expected to support sustainable agriculture in the ecological, economic, social, technology-infrastructure and institutional dimensions. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the level of farmer participation and the sustainability of the integrated mina padi farming system. Data were collected using a questionnaire instrument and analyzed using the Rank Spearman correlation test. The results of the study involving 42 respondents showed that farmers were considered to be quite participatory and the rice mina system was quite sustainable. Farmer characteristic that significantly related to the level of participation is the level of cosmopolitan. The external factors that significantly related to the level of participation, are the role of instructors, market access, and information availability. The level of participation, in general, is significantly related to all dimensions the level of sustainability, including ecological, economic, social, infrastructure-technology, and institutional dimensions.Keywords: sustainability, mina padi, participation, integrated farming. ABSTRAKPemerintah saat ini sedang mengembangkan sistem pertanian terpadu mina padi dalam rangka mengoptimalisasi lahan pertanian yang dapat meningkatkan produktivitas lahan pertanian, menyejahterakan petani dan mendukung ketahanan pangan. Partisipasi petani dalam menerapkan sistem mina padi diharapkan dapat mendukung pertanian berkelanjutan pada dimensi ekologi, ekonomi, sosial, teknologi-infrastruktur dan kelembagaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan antara tingkat partisipasi petani dengan keberlanjutan sistem pertanian terpadu mina padi. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan instrumen kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian yang melibatkan 42 responden menunjukkan bahwa petani tergolong cukup partisipatif dan sistem mina padi yang cukup berkelanjutan. Karakteristik petani yang berhubungan nyata dengan tingkat partisipasi yaitu tingkat kekosmopolitan. Faktor eksternal yang berhubungan nyata dengan tingkat partisipasi yaitu, peran penyuluh, tingkat akses pasar, dan ketersediaan informasi. Tingkat partisipasi secara umum berhubungan nyata dengan semua dimensi tingkat keberlanjutan, yaitu dimensi ekologi, ekonomi, sosial, teknologi-infrastruktur dan kelembagaan.Kata kunci: keberlanjutan, mina padi, partisipasi, pertanian terpadu.

Yang Terbuang, Yang Membangun: Studi Perubahan Sosial Di Kecamatan Waeapo Kabupaten Buru Oleh Eks Orang-Orang Buangan 1969-1979

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Naomi Lesbatta ◽  
Widhi Handayani ◽  
Pamerdi Giri Wiloso
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Forced Labor ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
New Order ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Colonial Government

Buru Regency is one of the rice suppliers in Maluku Province.The achievements of Buru Regency as Maluku rice supplier cannot be separated from its history as a place for people who were exiled in 1969. The presence of these former people has an influence on social change in Buru Island. Located in Waeapo district, Buru regency, this qualitative research was conducted to explain social change in Waeapo, Buru by the former exiles. The results showed that before the former exiles arrived at Buru Island, the Waeapo was dominated by forests, where the local people practiced swidden agriculture. The presence of former exiles in 1969 changed the landscape of Buru from forest to paddyfields by means of forced labor. The forced labor and introduction of new agricultural system are patterns inherited from the colonial government. Nevertheless, in Buru, the harvest was consumed by the exiles instead of handed over to the government as a custom enforced by the colonials. The change in land use eventually changed the shifting cultivation system to permanent agriculture with the lowland rice farming system which is commonly practiced in Java. Ex-exiles were the people used by the New Order government to carry out development in remote areas in the 1969-1979 era until the change of Buru’s landscape, source of staple food, and cultural diversity exist in Waeapo..

scholarly journals OWNERSHIP, TECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITIES AND EXPORTS OF GARMENT FIRMS IN MYANMAR

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S22-S42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajah Rasiah ◽  
Myo Myo Myint
Keyword(s):  
Market Access ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Technological Capabilities ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Export Intensity ◽  
Technology Infrastructure ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

This paper uses the evolutionary framework to examine the relationship between ownership, technological capabilities and export intensities using garment manufacturing in the Least Developed Country of Myanmar as an empirical case. The results show that foreign firms with production connected to global value chains enjoy higher export intensity than national firms even when controlled for age. Also, foreign firms with access to superior support from parent plants enjoy higher technology capability than national firms even after controlling for age. The Levene's two-tail ‘t’ tests show that foreign firms also enjoyed higher human resource, process technology and adaptive capabilities than national firms. Foreign firms are also larger and pay higher wages than national firms. The results show that foreign firms’ superior market access and technological capabilities can offer the potential for knowledge spillover to national firms provided the government stabilizes the political situation and strengthens the basic and high technology infrastructure in Myanmar. Unlike the Maquiladoras of Latin America, not only that a quarter of the inputs are sourced by garment firms from Myanmar, a handful of national firms have already acquired the export and technological capabilities to compete with foreign firms.

scholarly journals Alternatif Kebijakan Penyaluran Subsidi Pupuk Bagi Petani Pangan

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achmad Suryana ◽  
Adang Agustian ◽  
Rangga Ditya Yofa
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
National Level ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Policy Alternatives ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
Distribution Efficiency

<p>Fertilizer is one of important production factors in food farming to gain high productivity. Efforts to manage procurement, distribution, and proper fertilizer application have been regulated, implemented, and controlled by the government. However, complaints related to fertilizer distribution problems still exist. This study aims to analyze national fertilizer performance, especially fertilizer policy for food sector, fertilizer industry, and farmer dynamics in formulating fertilizer needs and its application; and to formulate fertilizer policy alternatives that can increase fertilizer distribution efficiency and use of budget subsidy. Coverage and data of this study were at national level. Analytical methods of this study were both quantitative and qualitative descriptive approaches. The main finding of this study was a formulation of four policy alternatives pertaining distribution mean of direct fertilizer subsidy delivered to farmers. Implementation of these policy alternatives requires availability of accurate data on rice farmers, agricultural land ownership and use, and food farming system profile nationwide. In the short run, in order to increase distribution efficiency of subsidized fertilizer to farmers, it is recommended that some adjustments to the current fertilizer policy must be done on price of natural gas as raw material for Urea, level of subsidized price of fertilizers paid by farmers, document of definitive plan of fertilizer needs of farmer groups (RDKK), and function of fertilizer supervision commission at regional levels. </p><p> </p><p align="left">Abstrak</p><p>Pupuk merupakan salah satu faktor produksi penting dalam usaha tani pangan untuk memperoleh produktivitas tinggi. Upaya mengelola pengadaan, penyaluran, dan penggunaan pupuk telah diatur, dilaksanakan, dan diawasi pemerintah, namun keluhan terkait dengan permasalahan penyaluran pupuk bersubsidi masih saja terjadi. Pengkajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalis keragaan perpupukan nasional, terutama kebijakan penyaluran pupuk bersubsidi untuk subsektor pangan, industri pupuk nasional, dan dinamika petani dalam penyusunan kebutuhan serta pemanfaatan pupuk; dan merumuskan alternatif kebijakan perpupukan yang dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dalam penyaluran dan anggaran subsidi pupuk. Cakupan kajian dan data yang digunakan adalah pada tingkat nasional. Metode kajian menggunakan analisis kuantitatif dan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil  utama kajian ini berupa formulasi empat alternatif kebijakan cara penyaluran anggaran subsidi pupuk langsung diberikan kepada petani. Implementasi alernatif kebijakan tersebut mempersyaratkan tersedianya data yang akurat tentang petani padi, penguasaan dan pengusahaan lahan pertanian, dan profil usaha tani pangan secara nasional. Dalam jangka pendek, untuk meningkatkan efisiensi penyaluran pupuk bersubsidi ke petani disarankan dilakukan beberapa penyesuaian atas kebijakan perpupukan saat ini, yaitu harga gas bumi sebagai bahan baku Urea, harga eceran tertinggi pupuk bersubsidi, dokumen rencana definitif kebutuhan kelompok (RDKK), dan fungsi komisi pengawasan pupuk di daerah.</p>

scholarly journals Revitalisasi Sistem Penyuluhan Pertanian dalam Perspektif Membangun Industrialisasi Pertanian Perdesaan

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Kurnia Suci Indraningsih ◽  
Tri Pranadji ◽  
NFN Sunarsih
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Rural Agriculture ◽  
Extension System ◽  
The Government

<p><strong>English</strong><br />Extension is an integral part of agricultural development in rural areas. Rural farming system is the basis of economic activity for improving rural community life. On the other hand, the existing agricultural system does not support the competitive rural economy.  Rural agriculture industrialization considers agricultural system as an integrated unity of agricultural industry business with high-value added outputs. This paper describes the factors as prerequisites for agricultural extension system revitalization. There are three prerequisites for the revitalization, namely: (i) extension institution and organization, (ii) extension implementation, and (ii) extension workers. In the Extension System Revitalization program implemented by the government is not aimed to support agricultural industry in rural areas. This program is focused on improving extension internal institution and not specifically aimed to enhance extension material disseminated to the farmers. Transformation towards rural agricultural industry is not achieved through the improvement of internal extension institution only, but also through innovation topics specifically designed for extension. It is necessary to improve agricultural extension institution aiming at establishing rural agriculture industry.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Penyuluhan merupakan bagian yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari keseluruhan pembangunan pertanian di perdesaan. Sistem pertanian perdesaan diposisikan sebagai basis kegiatan ekonomi untuk peningkatan kualitas kehidupan masyarakat perdesaan. Sistem pertanian yang sedang berjalan belum menjamin terbangunnya perekonomian perdesaan yang berdaya saing tinggi. Industrialisasi pertanian perdesaan, melihat sistem pertanian di perdesaan sebagai satu kesatuan utuh dari sistem yang mencerminkan usaha industri pertanian, dengan keluaran (output) berupa produk akhir yang bernilai tambah tinggi, diharapkan dapat memperbaiki kondisi tersebut.  Tulisan ini memaparkan faktor-faktor yang menjadi prasyarat agar revitalisasi sistem penyuluhan pertanian  mampu  membangun industrialisasi pertanian perdesaan.  Terdapat tiga prasyarat agar revitalisasi sistem penyuluhan pertanian  mampu  membangun industrialisasi pertanian perdesaan: (1) Kelembagaan dan organisasi penyuluhan, (2)  Penyelenggaraan penyuluhan, dan (3)  Ketenagaan penyuluh. Dalam program Revitalisasi Sistem Penyuluhan yang dilaksanakan penyuluhan pertanian pemerintah belum secara tegas diarahkan untuk mendukung industri pertanian di perdesaan. Program ini masih menekankan pada perbaikan kelembagaan internal penyuluhan, dan belum secara khusus difokuskan untuk memperbaiki materi penyuluhan untuk petani. Transformasi ke arah industri pertanian perdesaan tidak semata-mata dapat ditempuh hanya melalui perbaikan kelembagaan internal penyuluhan, melainkan juga materi  inovasi (teknologi dan kelembagaan) yang seharusnya dirancang secara khusus. Untuk itu perlu perbaikan kelembagaan penyuluhan pertanian yang berorientasi pada terwujudnya sistem industri pertanian di perdesaan.</p>

scholarly journals Manajemen Usahatani Salak Bali Organik di SubakAbian Kebon Desa Nongan Kecamatan Rendang Kabupaten Karangasem

2018 ◽  
pp. 572
Author(s):  
NI WAYAN SUDIARMINI ◽  
NI WAYAN SRI ASTITI ◽  
NYOMAN PARINING
Keyword(s):  
Market Access ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Achievement Score ◽  
Management Function ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Government ◽  
Management Functions

Management of Organic Salak Farming System in Nongan Village, Rendang Sub-district, Karangasem Regency Farm management covers the management functions that include: planning, organizing, implementation and monitoring of the production process. This process is related to the plant maintenance to the marketing. It is expected that through the implementation of farm management function, farmers in Subak Abian Kebon will be able to carry out farming activities well and to increase the farmers' income for the common welfare. The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of management functions in the salak (snake fruit) farming activities in the Subak Abian Kebon. The location of theresearch was in Subak Abian Kebon of the Nongan Village, Rendang Sub-District, Karangasem Regency, taken by purposive sampling.The total population is 76 people and the number of respondents is 44 people taken based on the Slovin formula. Data analysis used is qualitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that management functions in farming activities in the Subak of AbianKebon can be classified as very good with the score achievement of 3.9. This is proven by the good farming planning with the achievement score of 4.0, good farming organization with achievement score of4.0, the implementation of farming is very good with achievement score of 4.3 and supervision that can be categorized as moderate, with the achievement score of 3.4. It can be suggested that the subak members should be able to improve supervision on the production quality and the government is expected to pay attention to the market access for subak in order to increase the demand for the fruits considering that Nongan Village is a tourist route to Besakih Temple.

scholarly journals From “Land to the Tiller” to the “New Landlords”? The Debate over Vietnam’s Latest Land Reforms

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 120 ◽  
Author(s):  
To ◽  
Mahanty ◽  
Wells-Dang
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Unskilled Labor ◽  
Land Law ◽  
Land Access ◽  
The Government

Between Vietnam’s independence and its reunification in 1975, the country’s socialist land tenure system was underpinned by the principle of “land to the tiller”. During this period, government redistributed land to farmers that was previously owned by landlords. The government’s “egalitarian” approach to land access was central to the mass support that it needed during the Indochinese war. Even when the 1993 Land Law transitioned agricultural land from collectivized to household holdings with 20-year land use certificates, the “land to the tiller” principle remained largely sacrosanct in state policy. Planned amendments to the current Land Law (issued in 2013), however, propose a fundamental shift from “land to the tiller” to the concentration of land by larger farming concerns, including private sector investors. This is explained as being necessary for the modernization of agricultural production. The government’s policy narrative concerning this change emphasizes the need to overcome the low productivity that arises from land fragmentation, the prevalence of unskilled labor and resource shortages among smallholders. This is contrasted with the readily available resources and capacity of the private sector, together with opportunities for improved market access and high-tech production systems, if holdings were consolidated by companies. This major proposed transition in land governance has catalyzed heated debate over the potential risks and benefits. Many perceive it as a shift from a “pro-poor” to “pro-rich” policy, or from “land to the tiller” to the establishment of a “new landlord”—with all the historical connotations that this badge invokes. Indeed, the growing level of public concern over land concentration raises potential implications for state legitimacy. This paper examines key narratives on the government-supported land concentration policy, to understand how the risks, benefits and legitimacy of the policy change are understood by different stakeholders. The paper considers how the transition could change land access and governance in Vietnam, based on early experience with the approach.

scholarly journals The Policy Analysis Matrix in Measuring Competitiveness of Maize Farming System in Marginal Areas

Agro Ekonomi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Lorenta In Haryanto ◽  
Masyhuri Masyhuri ◽  
Irham Irham
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Marginal Areas ◽  
System Data ◽  
The Government ◽  
Policy Analysis Matrix

Yellow maize for animal feed is one of potential strategic commodities to be developed in Pacitan Regency, as a marginal area. The focusing question is whether this commodity generates competitiveness. This research aims: 1) to determine the private and social profitability, 2) to analyze competitiveness through comparative and competitive advantages, 3) to discuss effects of government policies on maize farming system. Data were analyzed by using the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) method. A sampling area was purposively selected, i.e. Pacitan Regency, while 102 maize farmers were proportionally selected as respondents. The research covers three seasons: rainy season I, rainy season II, and dry season. The result of analysis shows that in the rainy season II, maize farming in Pacitan generates private and social profits and competitiveness as indicated by the Private Cost Ratio (PCR) and the Domestic Resource Cost Ratio (DRCR) of less than one. The maize farming in the rainy season I and the dry season does not generate either profit or competitiveness. In general, the level of government protection of agricultural outputs is considered low but the protection of both tradable and non-tradable agricultural inputs is high. The government policy on agricultural outputs and inputs simultaneously does not protect maize farming effectively.

scholarly journals The Study of fluviomarine rice field productivity and its effect on farmer’s income in Mojowarno Village, Kaliori District, Rembang Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Azizatul Maghfiroh ◽  
Sudrajat Sudrajat
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
Rainfed Farming ◽  
The Development Strategy ◽  
Cluster Unit

Fluviomarine rice field is a type of agricultural land resulting from past marine activity processes with alluvium deposition material. This study specifically discusses the productivity of the rice field agricultural system by linking the physical components of the land based on the characteristics of geomorphological conditions (physiography, soil type, elevation contour, slope, and land use) with social interactions by local farmers. This study wants to analyze the productivity of the fluviomarine rice field farming system on agricultural income in Mojowarno village. This study uses 72 households data sample with the cluster random sampling method, which is based on the fluviomarine form cluster unit. The data analysis used a descriptive quantitative analysis. The results of this study are the fluviomarin rice fields farming system inMojowarno Village is a rainfed farming system with a planting frequency of only 2 times a year. Meanwhile, the average productivity of the land was only 5,307 tons /hectar, while the average income received by farmers was only Rp 5,879,631.00 /year. The regression statistical test results show that farmers’ income is significantly influenced by land productivity. This study is expected to be used as a reference in preparing the development strategy for increasing farmer’s income.

scholarly journals The Role of Selected Ecosystem Services in Different Farming Systems in Poland Regarding the Differentiation of Agricultural Land Structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6673
Author(s):  
Lidia Luty ◽  
Kamila Musiał ◽  
Monika Zioło
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Supporting Soil ◽  
Management Method ◽  
The Impact

The functioning of various agroecosystems is nowadays shaped by different farming systems, which may impair their functions, as well as being beneficial to them. The benefits include ecosystem services, defined as economic and noneconomic values gained by humans from ecosystems, through supporting soil formation and nutrient circulation, and the impact of agriculture on climate and biodiversity. Their mutual flow and various disturbances depend on the agroecosystem’s management method, which is associated with the type of management of agricultural land (AL) in individual farms. This paper raises a problem of transformation in the structure of three main farming systems in Poland, in 2004–2018, in relation to the implementation of 16 selected ecosystem services and their scale. Special attention was given to organic farming, as the most environmentally friendly and sustainable. The analysis demonstrates the increase in ALs in that type of production during the analyzed period of time. Disparities of transformation associated with the type of agricultural system were noticeable at the regional level, which were presented in 16 Polish voivodeships. The results of the analysis confirm that the organic system, which is an important carrier of various ecosystem services, gained a stable position. Moreover, areas with integrated farming still do not exceed 0.5% of total agricultural lands in such voivodeships. The analysis of factors influencing the deterioration or disappearance of selected environmental services characterizing agricultural systems indicates the need to depart from an intensive conventional management system.

scholarly journals Impacts of Agricultural Land Acquisition for Urbanization on Agricultural Activities of Affected Households: A Case Study in Huong Thuy Town, Thua Thien Hue Province, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8559
Author(s):  
Nhung Pham Thi ◽  
Martin Kappas ◽  
Heiko Faust
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Mixed Data ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Farmland Abandonment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Government

Agricultural land acquisition for urbanization (ALAFU) has strongly impacted agriculture in Vietnam during the last decades. Given the mixed data obtained from a survey with 50 households who lost 50% of their farmland area (in-depth interviews, a group-focused discussion and observation) this study shows the different impacts of ALAFU on each agricultural activity of affected household by comparing before and after ALAFU. Rice cultivation and animal breeding have sharply declined, but potted flower plantation (PFP) has quickly grown and is the main income of 34% of surveyed households. Rice cultivation has declined not only as a result of agricultural land acquisition, which has resulted in the loss of rice land, but also as a result of urbanization, which has resulted in rice land abandonment. Conversely, PFP is growing due to advantages associated with urbanization, such as a good consumer market and upgraded infrastructure. However, whether they are declining or increasing, all agricultural activities have to face challenges related to the shortcomings in agricultural land allocation and agricultural development plans. This study suggests that if ALAFU projects are continued, the government should evaluate agricultural development and forecast farmland abandonment after ALAFU. Simultaneously, they should put more effort into maintaining agriculture in the form of peri-urban or urban agriculture, which is significant for sustainable development in affected communities.

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