scholarly journals Brain and learning

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-132
Author(s):  
Angelica Maria Sabando Suarez ◽  
Maria Elena Moya Martinez ◽  
Luis Raul Meza Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
The Body ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Bibliographic Reference ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Coordination And Control

The brain is an important organ that directs all the actions of the body and the intervention that it has in human behavior, is fundamental for the analysis of the subject since by means of its study it can be analyzed its structure, functioning, coordination, and control. Exercises in different actions, where they link the knowledge of What is the brain?. What is learning?. And What is neuroscience? to recognize the impact they exert on the daily actions of the human being. The present work uses the bibliographic reference where the information will have sustained, which aims to define the importance of the Brain and its relationship in learning activities, through experience and knowledge. Finally, the conclusions of the work ha exposed, where technological and scientific advances have detailed with respect to the importance of the brain in the learning and teaching processes, from different sciences, understanding the importance and development of the knowledge.

scholarly journals No Mobile Phone Phobia dikalangan Mahasiswa Pascasarjana

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Abdul Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
The Body ◽  
Data Display ◽  
Telephone Counselling ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Phone Counseling ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Brain

This research was conducted with the aim to find out the symptoms of no mobile phone phobia (nomophobia) among graduate students UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta as well as knowing how the process of mentoring for students nomophobia sufferers by counselors. This research uses qualitative research methods with the phenomenology of approach. Research data obtained from observations and interviews and then data analyzed by the reduction of data, display data and tethering conclusion. The subject of this research is the 16 graduate students UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. The research results obtained in this study show that graduate students using a smartphone or gedget ± 12 hours in a day so the use of a smartphone with a long duration will negatively affect for the body particularly the brain. Next mentoring can be done by a Counsellor for the client that is experiencing the symptoms of nomophobia is using telephone counselling. Phone counseling provides access and control to the client so that the client can request the assistance of a Counsellor anytime and anywhere and can disconnect a telephone in accordance with his wishes

scholarly journals Is There a Link between Oropharyngeal Microbiome and Schizophrenia? A Narrative Review

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 846
Author(s):  
Stanislas Martin ◽  
Audrey Foulon ◽  
Wissam El Hage ◽  
Diane Dufour-Rainfray ◽  
Frédéric Denis
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

The study aimed to examine the impact of the oropharyngeal microbiome in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and to clarify whether there might be a bidirectional link between the oral microbiota and the brain in a context of dysbiosis-related neuroinflammation. We selected nine articles including three systemic reviews with several articles from the same research team. Different themes emerged, which we grouped into 5 distinct parts concerning the oropharyngeal phageome, the oropharyngeal microbiome, the salivary microbiome and periodontal disease potentially associated with schizophrenia, and the impact of drugs on the microbiome and schizophrenia. We pointed out the presence of phageoma in patients suffering from schizophrenia and that periodontal disease reinforces the role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Moreover, saliva could be an interesting substrate to characterize the different stages of schizophrenia. However, the few studies we have on the subject are limited in scope, and some of them are the work of a single team. At this stage of knowledge, it is difficult to conclude on the existence of a bidirectional link between the brain and the oral microbiome. Future studies on the subject will clarify these questions that for the moment remain unresolved.

scholarly journals LEGAL BASIS OF INTERACTION OF BODIES AND DIVISIONS OF THE NATIONAL POLICE WITH LOCAL SELF GOVERNMENT BODIES IN THE FIELD OF PUBLIC SAFETY AND ORDER

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-94
Author(s):  
Sergiy Vitvitskyi ◽  
◽  
Andriу Zakharchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Mass Actions ◽  
Traffic Organization ◽  
National Police ◽  
And Control ◽  
Coordination And Control

The article analyzes the state of legislation as for provisions on the interaction of bodies and units of the National Police with local self governments in the field of public safety and order. The main directions of improving the legal basis of interaction of these bodies in this area are substantiated. One of the factors influencing the state of public safety and order in settlements is the degree of interaction of bodies and subdivisions of the National Police with local self-government bodies representing the respective territorial communities. According to the results of the study, the following areas of improvement of the legal basis for the interaction of bodies and units of the National Police with local self governments in the field of public safety and order were proposed: 1) standardization of the terms of cooperation of the specified bodies concerning maintenance of public safety and order in connection with the organization and carrying out of peaceful meetings and other mass actions; 2) consolidation of the recommended order of interaction between these bodies during the development and implementation of program documents on public safety and order; 3) determining the procedure for coordination by local self governments and the National Police in the field of coordination and control over the activities of public formations with regard of protection of public order and the state border; 4) legislative consolidation of the possibility of concluding agreements on interaction and coordination of activities by territorial police bodies and local self-government bodies; 5) determining the procedures for approval by territorial bodies (subdivisions) of the National Police of decisions of local self-government bodies on the issues of traffic organization and functioning of public transport. Separate elaboration requires regulatory regulation of relations arising in connection with the conduct of joint raids by representatives of local governments and the National Police and inspections of compliance with legislation in the field of landscaping, trade rules, etc. The search for optimal solutions to this problem should be the subject of further research.

scholarly journals Some results of studying the impact of digital technologies upon learning activities

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Elvira Vitaljevna Burtseva ◽  
Olga Chepak ◽  
Olga Kulikova
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

The subject of this research is the implementation of digital technologies in educational process of a university. The goal consists in studying the impact of digital technologies upon the students’ learning activities. The article presents the results of questionnaire-based survey among students by the three question pools. In the course of research, the author examines such aspects of the problem, as the positive and negative impact of technologies upon learning activities of the students of digital generation. Particular attention is given to consideration of students’ attitude on digitalization of higher education. The opinions of pedagogues on the results of conducted research are presented. The scientific novelty lies in mainstreaming the question on the negative impact of digital technologies upon learning activities of the modern generation of students that deserves special attention. On the background of common passion of the scholars of researchers and pedagogues for the ideas of digitalization of education, when digital technologies are viewed as virtually the key factor for modernization of educational process; second come the problems of growing pathological dependence of youth on digital technologies, undesired to switch to digitalized educational process to the disadvantage of communication in social networks and pleasant pastime online. The problem of the negative effect of digital technologies on learning activities must be recognized in order to find the ways for its solution.

Basic mechanisms of, and treatment targets for, stress-related disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 829-839
Author(s):  
Bruce S. McEwen
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Social And Physical Environment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

The response to the social and physical environment involves two-way communication between the brain and the body and epigenetic adaptation (‘allostasis’) via mediators of the cardiovascular, immune, metabolic, neuroendocrine, and neural mechanisms. Chronic stress causes wear and tear on the brain and body (‘allostatic load and overload’), reflecting also the impact of health-damaging behaviours and lasting effects of early life experiences interacting with genetic predispositions. Hormonal and other mediators of allostasis promote adaptation in the short run but cause allostatic load/overload when they are overused or dysregulated. The brain is key because it determines what is threatening and the physiological and behavioural responses, while showing structural remodelling that affects its function. Besides pharmaceuticals, there are ‘top–down’ interventions, like physical activity, that engage ‘the wisdom of the body’ to change itself, as well as the impact of policies of government and business that encourage individuals to manage their own lives and promote increased ‘healthspan’.

Imaging and the Human Brain Project: A Review

2002 ◽  
Vol 41 (04) ◽  
pp. 245-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Rosse ◽  
J. F. Brinkley
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Imaging Informatics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Brain Project ◽  
The Us ◽  
Physical Organization ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Brain

Summary Objectives: Survey current work primarily funded by the US Human Brain Project (HBP) that involves substantial use of images. Organize this work around a framework based on the physical organization of the body. Methods: Pointers to individual research efforts were obtained through the HBP home page as well as personal contacts from HBP annual meetings. References from these sources were followed to find closely related work. The individual research efforts were then studied and characterized. Results: The subject of the review is the intersection of neuroinformatics (information about the brain), imaging informatics (information about images), and structural informatics (information about the physical structure of the body). Of the 30 funded projects currently listed on the HBP web site, at least 22 make heavy use of images. These projects are described in terms of broad categories of structural imaging, functional imaging, and image-based brain information systems. Conclusions: Understanding the most complex entity known (the brain) gives rise to many interesting and difficult problems in informatics and computer science. Although much progress has been made by HBP and other neuroinformatics researchers, a great many problems remain that will require substantial informatics research efforts. Thus, the HPB can and should be seen as an excellent driving application area for biomedical informatics research.

scholarly journals The gravitational imprint on sensorimotor planning and control

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. White ◽  
J. Gaveau ◽  
L. Bringoux ◽  
F. Crevecoeur
Keyword(s):  
Internal Representation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Altered Gravity ◽  
Partial Adjustment ◽  
Gravitational Forces ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Biomechanical Constraints ◽  
And Control ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Impact

Humans excel at learning complex tasks, and elite performers such as musicians or athletes develop motor skills that defy biomechanical constraints. All actions require the movement of massive bodies. Of particular interest in the process of sensorimotor learning and control is the impact of gravitational forces on the body. Indeed, efficient control and accurate internal representations of the body configuration in space depend on our ability to feel and anticipate the action of gravity. Here we review studies on perception and sensorimotor control in both normal and altered gravity. Behavioral and modeling studies together suggested that the nervous system develops efficient strategies to take advantage of gravitational forces across a wide variety of tasks. However, when the body was exposed to altered gravity, the rate and amount of adaptation exhibited substantial variation from one experiment to another and sometimes led to partial adjustment only. Overall, these results support the hypothesis that the brain uses a multimodal and flexible representation of the effect of gravity on our body and movements. Future work is necessary to better characterize the nature of this internal representation and the extent to which it can adapt to novel contexts.

scholarly journals Regulatory Roles of Bone in Neurodegenerative Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengran Yu ◽  
Zemin Ling ◽  
Lin Lu ◽  
Jin Zhao ◽  
Xiang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Lymphoid Organ ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

Osteoporosis and neurodegenerative diseases are two kinds of common disorders of the elderly, which often co-occur. Previous studies have shown the skeletal and central nervous systems are closely related to pathophysiology. As the main structural scaffold of the body, the bone is also a reservoir for stem cells, a primary lymphoid organ, and an important endocrine organ. It can interact with the brain through various bone-derived cells, mostly the mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The bone marrow is also a place for generating immune cells, which could greatly influence brain functions. Finally, the proteins secreted by bones (osteokines) also play important roles in the growth and function of the brain. This article reviews the latest research studying the impact of bone-derived cells, bone-controlled immune system, and bone-secreted proteins on the brain, and evaluates how these factors are implicated in the progress of neurodegenerative diseases and their potential use in the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.

scholarly journals Review of Emerging Japanese Encephalitis Virus: New Aspects and Concepts about Entry into the Brain and Inter-Cellular Spreading

Pathogens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filgueira ◽  
Lannes
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Human Case ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Latently Infected ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is an emerging flavivirus of the Asia-Pacific region. More than two billion people live in endemic or epidemic areas and are at risk of infection. Recently, the first autochthonous human case was recorded in Africa, and infected birds have been found in Europe. JEV may spread even further to other continents. The first section of this review covers established and new information about the epidemiology of JEV. The subsequent sections focus on the impact of JEV on humans, including the natural course and immunity. Furthermore, new concepts are discussed about JEV’s entry into the brain. Finally, interactions of JEV and host cells are covered, as well as how JEV may spread in the body through latently infected immune cells and cell-to-cell transmission of virions or via other infectious material, including JEV genomic RNA.

The Efficacy of Impact-Absorbing Materials during Collision with a Soccer Ball

2013 ◽  
Vol 440 ◽  
pp. 363-368
Author(s):  
Zahari Taha ◽  
Mohd Hasnun Arif Hassan ◽  
Mohd Azri Aris
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Impact Force ◽  
Coefficient Of Restitution ◽  
Soccer Ball ◽  
Absorbing Materials ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Peak Impact Force ◽  
Impact Duration

The uniqueness of soccer is that the players are allowed to use their head to pass the ball to a teammate of even try to score goal. Studies have shown that heading in soccer might be dangerous to the brain and could lead to brain trauma. There are headgears available for soccer players to protect their head, but studies have proven that currently available headgears are ineffective in reducing the impact caused by a soccer ball. The objective of this study is to test the efficacy of six different types of impact-absorbing materials in reducing the linear impact force from a soccer ball. The soccer ball was dropped from the height of 2.3 m onto a force platform to measure the impact force. A high-speed camera is used to record the motion and the impact duration, and then the coefficient of restitution for each impact was determined. Polyurethane (PU) comb-gel was found to be the most effective material in reducing the peak impact force and impulse compared with other materials. The reduction in peak force was associated with longer impact duration between the soccer ball and the PU comb-gel. However, the coefficient of restitution was reduced by 21.7%, implying that using the gel alone will reduce the speed of the ball after heading, thus reducing the performance of a player wearing it. A combination of PU gel and another stiffer material is suggested and the effectiveness of the composite will be the subject of future investigation.

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