scholarly journals Cognitive impairments in patients with overweight and obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-173
Author(s):  
I. A. Cherevikova ◽  
N. A. Myasishchev ◽  
V. M. Polyakov ◽  
L. V. Rychkova
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Information Search ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Excess Weight ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Obese People ◽  
The Relationship

Background. In modern society, the growth of the overweight and obese population increase every year. This confirms the status assigned to the problem under consideration as a non-infectious epidemic of the 21st century. At the same time, the amount of scientific information about the influence of excess weight on various aspects of human life is actively increasing. This undoubtedly requires a systematic generalization of the available data.Aims. The presented literature review is devoted to the analysis of modern scientific research on the specificity of cognitive impairment in overweight and obese people.Materials and methods. Information search was carried out using Internet resources (PubMed, Web of Science, eLibrary.ru, frontiersin.org, sciencedirect. com, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov), literature sources were analyzed for the period from 2001 to 2020 for the following keywords: obesity, overweight, cognitive functions, cognitions, cognitive impairments.Results. As a result of the literature review, the main directions of research on the relationship between cognitive impairment and overweight, as well as the relationship between cognitive dysfunction and obesity, were identified. The specificity of diametrically opposed opinions within the framework of each consecrated trend is presented. According to the results of the analysis of the identified areas, in the scientific community the most common point of view is the presence of a connection between obesity and cognitive impairment. In this connection, the authors identified the main cognitive impairments associated with excess weight and their mediating mechanisms. And also the age specificity of the problem under study is indicated.Conclusions. Despite the fact that the problem of the relationship between obesity, overweight and cognitive functions is comprehensively studied, there is a shortage of data on the state of thinking, attention, praxis, gnosis, and speech in overweight people.

Cognitive Impairment in Children with Arachnoid Cyst of Sylvian Fissure: Does it Justify the Neurosurgical Treatment?

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (04) ◽  
pp. 362-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Kwiatkowska ◽  
Magdalena Dębicka ◽  
Agnieszka Maryniak ◽  
Stanisław Kwiatkowski
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Neurosurgical Treatment ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis report discusses the relationship between arachnoid cysts (ACs) and cognitive deficits, and we ask if cognitive impairments could justify neurosurgical treatment. In clinical practice, only AC patients with symptoms of intracranial hypertension or focal neurological deficits are referred to surgery. Occasionally, one might assume that nonspecific problems such as impairment of learning, speech, or cognitive functions are caused by an AC and can be improved by surgery. We describe three patients, in which surgery was indicated on the basis of clinical symptoms such as headaches and the size of the cysts. A neuropsychological examination before AC surgery revealed reduced cognitive potential, and the same examination repeated after surgery showed improvement. We have not found any other reason for this change, except for the decompression of the AC.

Evaluación Cognitiva Montreal y consumo de alcohol: Un diagnóstico descriptivo del deterioro cognitivo en estudiantes universitarios de Durango, México

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
Karla Liliana Pérez-Sosa ◽  
Edgar Felipe Lares-Bayona
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probabilistic Study ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Relationship

Alcohol is a toxic substance associated with acute and chronic disorders affecting the Central Nervous System and significantly altering brain function. Objective: To determine the relationship between cognitive impairment and alcohol consumption in university students of the Juárez University of the State of Durango. Methodology: It is a cross-sectional, descriptive, comparative, non-probabilistic study, for convenience. A database was designed on the results obtained in a clinical interview on alcohol consumption and the application of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test. Contribution: The evaluation of cognitive functions show similar results, the male sex presented a better score in Attention and the female one in Orientation. More involvement was identified in the Deferred Memory functions in both groups. In relation to alcohol consumption, the cognitive functions evaluated show lower levels. The female gender was more evident cognitive impairment in relation to alcohol consumption being statistically significant (p <0.025). Alcohol consumption is a risky behavior that deserves to be recognized by the main actors about neurocognitive effects. Alcohol consumption prevention programs and cognitive diagnostic tools are appropriate strategies to reduce risk behaviors in mental health.

Impact of Design on Emotional, Psychological, or Social Well-Being for People With Cognitive Impairment

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Karol ◽  
Dianne Smith
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Design Expertise ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Aim:The objective of this article is to identify and analyze what is known about characteristics in and around the home that support well-being for those with cognitive impairment. This could provide direction for designers of homes in general, but specifically for designers trying to meet the needs of people with cognitive impairment.Background:It has been established that there is a relationship between psychological well-being and a person’s environment. Research also shows that particular design aspects can reduce the impact of cognitive impairment. However, there is limited design expertise in the Australian housing market to create supportive spaces which will help to reduce the impact of the disability for those with cognitive impairment.Method:A literature review was carried out to determine the extent and details of what is known about the relationship of home design and its impact on emotional, psychological, or social well-being for people with cognitive impairment.Conclusions:The study indicates that researchers in various disciplines understand that pragmatic design inputs such as thermal comfort and adequate lighting are important for people with cognitive impairment. In addition, some researchers have shown or surmise that there are other “intangible” designer-controlled elements that have beneficial impacts on people with cognitive impairment. Details of these intangible elements are sparse, and how much they might improve the quality of life for a person with cognitive impairment is not well understood. Further research is required to meet a growing need.

scholarly journals Overweight and obesity in 16–18 years old teenagers in South Jakarta and the relationship with academic performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Marie Christabelle ◽  
Bernie Endyarni Medise
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Academic Year

Objective: In different parts of the world, Indonesia included, overweight and obese people are seen to have worse performance compared to their healthy counterparts. Although there were research that had been done to observe the relationship between overweight, obesity, and academic performance, the results obtained were still divided into significantly and non-significantly related.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done to 373 students from two different schools in South Jakarta on December 2017–January 2018. Data was obtained by measuring height and weight of the participant to get his/her nutritional status and the average of participant’s odd semester Continual Assessment and Semestral Assessment of Academic Year 2017/2018 to see if the result was higher or equal to the passing grade.Results: Data analysis with chi square test shows that there was no significant relationship between overweight, obesity, and academic performance (p = 0.452 for Indonesian Language and p = 0.476 for Mathematics) although overweight and obese students tend to have better performance in some exam.Conclusion: The events that lead to overweight, obesity, and one’s academic performance are all multifactorial that the relationship between the two is difficult to be determined.

A-151 Cognitive Impairment in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1205-1205
Author(s):  
Etiane Navarro ◽  
Charles J Golden
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Sporadic Als ◽  
Neuropsychological Assessments ◽  
Familial Als ◽  
Als Patients ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Abstract Objective Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by degeneration of the upper and lower motor neurons. This literature review examines the recurring etiology of cognitive impairments in ALS through empirical literature. The current study explores ALS across different subtypes and potential cognitive impairments. Two classifications are primarily examined ALS, and ALS with frontotemporal dementia (ALS-FTD). Involving three categories: familial inheritance pattern, genetic mutation, or sporadic. Neuropsychological studies affirm cognitive impairments in individuals diagnosed with ALS and ALS-FTD. Data Selection Data was culled from the American Psychological Association (PsycInfo), PubMed, Google Scholar. Terms used in this literature review include cognitive impairment in ALS and ALS-FTD, executive function deficiencies in ALS, neuropsychology in ALS, neuropsychological deficits in ALS, neuropsychological assessments for ALS, cognitive impairments in familial ALS, genetic ALS, and sporadic ALS, familial ALS, sporadic ALS, genetic mutations involved in ALS. Search dates December 20–23 of 2020 and March 3–4 of 2021. A total of 40 studies were examined. Data Synthesis ALS-patients demonstrate a significant cognitive impairment. However, influencing comorbidities accompanying the disease may be contributing to these impairments. Researchers employed neuroimaging and neuropsychological batteries to further understand influencing factors involved in ALS and cognition. Conclusions Researchers now understand ALS as a multi-symptomatic disorder and acknowledge the presence of cognitive impairments at various encased levels. There are limitations in neuropsychological batteries that accommodate for executive dysfunctions observed in ALS patients. Future studies should explore neuropsychological assessments that accommodate for motor deficits and dysarthria when assessing cognitive impairment in ALS patients.

scholarly journals COGNITIVE AND HEARING IMPAIRMENTS IN OLDER ADULTS: EVIDENCE FROM THE HEALTH AND RETIREMENT STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S77-S77
Author(s):  
Jessica S West ◽  
Scott Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Retirement Study ◽  
Over Time

Abstract As the number of older adults increases, increased prevalence of cognitive and sensory impairments pose growing public health challenges. Research on the relationship between hearing impairment and cognition, however, is minimal and has yielded mixed results, with some studies finding that hearing impairment is associated with cognitive decline, and others reporting that the association is weak or non-existent. Most of this research has been conducted outside of the U.S., and the few U.S.-based longitudinal studies have relied mostly on small, non-representative samples involving short follow-up periods. Further, despite known gendered patterns in cognitive and hearing impairments, no studies to date have examined whether the relationship between the two varies by gender. Our study addresses these weaknesses in the literature by utilizing nine waves of the Health and Retirement Study (1998-2014; n=14,169), a large, nationally representative, longitudinal study that facilitates examination of long-term interrelationships between hearing and cognitive impairments. In this study, we use autoregressive latent trajectory (ALT) methods to model: 1) the relationship between hearing impairment and cognitive decline, and 2) sex differences in the relationship. ALT models enable us to determine whether hearing impairment and cognitive impairment are associated, net of their common tendency simply to co-trend with age. Results indicate that hearing and cognitive impairments are strongly interrelated processes that trend together over time. Moreover, hearing impairment has an increasing impact on cognitive impairment across age while the effect of cognitive impairment on hearing impairment levels out over time. Sex differences in these patterns are discussed.

scholarly journals Effects of physical exercise on cognitively impaired older adults: a meta-analysis of randomized control trials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenka Sontakova ◽  
Alzbeta Bartova ◽  
Klara Dadova ◽  
Iva Holmerova ◽  
Michal Steffl
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Randomized Control Trials ◽  
Global Cognitive Function ◽  
Randomized Control

Abstract Objectives: The main aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the effects of different physical activities on cognitive functions in older adults divided according to cognitive impairment levels. Methods: We searched Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed for randomized control trials (RCT). A standardized mean difference (SMD) of the pre-post intervention score of global cognitive function tests were calculated by the random model in the Cochrane meta-analyses for people with cognitive impairment generally and across three levels - mild, mild to moderate, and moderate to severe cognitive impairment separately. Additionally, an unstandardized coefficient beta (B) was calculated in generalized linear models to estimate the effects of exercise, cognitive impairment severity, age, female ratio, length of intervention, and time of exercise a week on the global cognitive function. Results: Data from 26 studies involving 1,137 participants from intervention groups and 1,187 participants from control groups were analyzed. Physical exercise had a positive effect on cognitive functions in people across all levels of cognitive impairments SMD (95 % confidence interval [CI]) = 1.19 (0.77 - 1.62); however, heterogeneity was considerably high I 2 = 95%. Aerobic (B = 8.881) and resistance exercise (B = 4.464) was significantly associated with better results in global cognitive functions when compared to active control. A higher number of female participants cin intervention groups had a statistically significant effect on the global cognitive function (B = 0.229). onclusions: Physical exercise was associated with cognitive function improvement in older people with cognitive impairments. Aerobic exercise was more strongly associated than resistance exercise to combat cognitive decline. Keywords: Physical activity, Dementia, Aging, Meta-analysis, Aerobic exercise, Cognitive function

Perceived loneliness among older adults with mild cognitive impairment

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1681-1685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhong Yu ◽  
Charlene L. M. Lam ◽  
Tatia M. C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Subjective Measures ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTBackground:The high prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Hong Kong, as previously reported, requires verification. Furthermore, the relationship between loneliness, depression, and cognitive impairment with regards to MCI are unclear. The present study aims to establish the prevalence of MCI in a community sample in Hong Kong and determine if participants with MCI feel significantly lonelier, even after depression has been taken into consideration.Methods:Participants from a community sample (N = 376) were assessed with subjective and objective measures of cognitive impairments to determine whether the criteria had been met for MCI. The MCI cases are then compared with age, sex, and education-matched controls on subjective measures of loneliness and depression.Results:A total of 66 (17.6%) participants were diagnosed with MCI. These participants reported significantly higher levels of perceived loneliness and depression compared to the matched controls. Differences between groups in loneliness remained significant, even after depression levels have been controlled.Conclusions:Loneliness is implicated in MCI. The relationship between loneliness and MCI is, at least, partially independent of depression. The implications of these finding are discussed.

scholarly journals Variability of glycemia and cognitive impairment in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1.

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 741-745
Author(s):  
Yu. G. Samoylova ◽  
M. V. Matveeva ◽  
N. G. Zhukova ◽  
M. A. Rokank
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
The Relationship

Diabetes mellitus type 1 is associated with impaired cognitive function. Based on the results of systematic reviews and meta-analyzes, the most likely modifiable risk factor is the degree of metabolic control, in particular the variability of glycemia. Aims: to determine the influence of the variability of glycemia on cognitive functions in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Material and methods. Design-observational, one-stage, cross-sectional research. We examined 30 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus who were divided into 2 groups: 1 group (main) with cognitive impairment, and 2 (control) with normal cognitive functions. All patients were screened for cognitive functions using the Montreal scale (MoCa test). For the diagnosis of fluctuations in glucose level, continuous monitoring of glycemia was carried out using the iPro-2 device (Medtronic, USA): mean glycemic mean (MEAN), standard deviation (SD), mean amplitude of glycemic fluctuation (MAGE), long-term glycemic index (CONGA) Glycemia lability index (LI), hypoglycemia risk index (LBGI), hyperglycemia risk index (HBGI), mean hourly rate of glycemic change (MAG). Results. The study revealed that in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, cognitive impairment was dominated by a violation of constructive praxis, memory and attention. Recorded a significant difference in MEAN, SD, CONGA, Gindex, LBGI, HBGI, MAGE, Mvalue and MAG. Correlation analysis revealed the relationship of cognitive impairments with the level of HbA1c, as well as the variability parameters MEAN, SD, CONGA, Gindex, LBGI, HBGI, MAGE, Mvalue, MAG. Conclusions. The relationship between the variability of glycemia and cognitive impairment was registered in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

scholarly journals BETTER PROGNOSIS IN OVERWEIGHT/OBESE CORONARY HEART DISEASE PATIENTS WITH HIGH PLASMA LEVELS OF LEPTIN

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luminita Animarie Vida Simiti ◽  
Irina Todor ◽  
Mirela Anca Stoia ◽  
Cerasela Mihaela Goidescu ◽  
Florin Petru Anton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Severe Heart Failure ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship

Background and aim. The involvement of leptin in atherosclerosis is very complex, including inflammation, the oxidative stress and thrombosis. Leptin has atherogenic and also antiatherogenic actions. In obesity elevated leptin levels are not sufficient to prevent disturbances of energy balance, suggesting that obese people are leptin resistant. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between baseline plasma levels of leptin and the incidence of new ischemic events in patients with CHD.Methods. Plasma levels of leptin in fifty nine consecutive patients (29 men and 30 women) with CHD hospitalized in the County Emergency Clinical Hospital of Cluj-Napoca were measured using commercially available ELISA at admission. Patients with active infectious disease, neoplasia, acute coronary syndrome, stroke, hepatic or renal failure and severe heart failure were excluded The relationship between leptin levels and incident cardiovascular events (angina, nonfatal myocardial infarction or heart failure) over two years follow-up was studied using  MEDCALC version 9.6.Results. 73.6% patients with CHD were overweight or suffered of obesity. There were no significant differences between women and men regarding the plasma levels of leptin, the body mass index (BMI), the number of rehospitalizations, rehospitalizations/patient, diabetes mellitus, hypertension or dyslipidemia. Only in women plasma levels of leptin are correlated with BMI. As compared with men with overweight and obesity (BMI ≥25kg/m2), plasma levels of leptin were significantly higher in women with overweight and obesity (3905.97±463.91 pg/ml vs 1835.17±533.9 pg/ml) (p<0.002). Patient gender could not be demonstrated to influence prognosis. During the two years we recorded one or more readmissions in 26 patients (44%). The analysis of time till readmission using Kaplan-Meier curves, showed that leptin level (cut-off 2000 pg/ml, HR 0.38, 95% CI 0.17-0.83; p=0.01) and BMI (cut-off 28 kg/m2, HR 0.3164, 95% CI 0.145-0.0689; p<0.01) were significantly associated with prognosis.Conclusion. Patients with plasma levels of leptin >2000 pg/ml and BMI >28kg/m2 had a better prognosis, suggesting a protective role of leptin in overweight/mild obesity.

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