scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF SUSTAINABLE ENTREPRENEURSHIP ADAPTATION TO TAX CHANGES IN ENVIRONMENTAL INVESTMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 96-105
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Kvach ◽  
Nataliia Piatka ◽  
Viktor Koval
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Environmental Taxation ◽  
Environmental Taxes ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
Sustainable Entrepreneurship ◽  
Environmental Investment ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Tax Changes ◽  
The Eu

The article highlights the problem of management of sustainable entrepreneurship adaptation to tax changes in environmental investment and substantiation of the conceptual basis for assessing the efficiency of environmental investment in terms of Ukraine’s integration processes into European community that involves introduction of sustainable economic development and mechanisms of “green” economy. Methods. A study of the peculiarities of environmental financing in Ukraine has been conducted. The theoretical bases of investment management have been examined by means of the following methods: semantic analysis of interaction of the basic elements of environmental investment process for sustainable entrepreneurship development. With the use of a comparative analysis of environmental investment, efficiency and effectiveness of environmental tax collection in Ukraine and the EU countries, the expedience of using environmental taxation as a means of stimulating domestic environmental investment has been substantiated and the need to assess the efficiency of environmental investment has been defined. Results. A study of the peculiarities of domestic environmental taxation in order to establish its efficiency has been carried out. The experience of using taxes as a means of stimulating environmental investment in the EU countries has been under consideration. This research has shown that the efficiency of environmental taxes is ensured by their high rates, which encourage companies to innovate and make appropriate environmental investments. A number of shortcomings in the domestic environmental policy have been identified. It has proven the low efficiency of its instruments, in particular, related to assessing the efficiency of environmental investment. A study of the peculiarities of environmental financing in Ukraine has been conducted. The current tendencies of investment in environmental activities with the identification of causal relationships to substantiate management decisions to improve the use of financial resources for environmental purposes have been highlighted.

scholarly journals Environmental Taxation as a Policy Instrument for Green Growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 19(34) (3) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
Maksym Klymenko
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Environmental Taxation ◽  
Environmental Taxes ◽  
Resource Utilisation ◽  
Green Growth ◽  
European Experience ◽  
Economic Instrument ◽  
The Eu

The article is devoted to environmental taxation as a tool for green growth and assistant to solve environmental issues of the world and Ukraine in particular. Nowadays, the world's economic growth goes side by side with environmental protection, and taxation aims to become an economic instrument to stop large-scale over-use of energy and consider effective resource utilisation, expand the share of organic farming and move towards “green” economy. The paper identifies the main groups of environmental taxes in the EU countries, analyses the European experience of the economic impact on the environment protection, examines possible ways of environmental taxation reforming in Ukraine, based on successful foreign experience.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Dependence of GHG Emissions on the Support and Taxes in the EU Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7650
Author(s):  
Astrida Miceikienė ◽  
Kristina Gesevičienė ◽  
Daiva Rimkuvienė
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Environmental Taxes ◽  
Environmental Support ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Eu

The reduction of GHG emissions is one of the priorities of the EU countries. The majority of studies show that financial support and environmental taxes are one of the most effective measures for the mitigation of the negative consequences of climate change. The EU countries employ different environmental support measures and environmental taxes to reduce GHG emissions. There is a shortage of new studies on these measures. The aim of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of the environmental support measures of the EU countries with the effectiveness of environmental taxes in relation to the reduction of GHG emissions. This study is characterized by the broad scope of its data analysis and its systematic approach to the EU’s environmental policy measures. An empirical study was performed for the EU countries with the aim of addressing this research problem and substantiating theoretical insights. A total of 27 EU member states from 2009 to 2018 were selected as research samples. The research is based on a cause-and-effect relationship, where the factors affecting environmental pollution (environmental taxes and subsidies) are the cause, and GHG emissions are the effect. Statistical research methods were used in the empirical study: descriptive statistics, the Shapiro–Wilk test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), simple regression and cluster analysis. The results show that the older member countries of the EU, which had directed the financial measures of environmental policy towards a reduction in energy consumption, managed to achieve a greater reduction in GHG emissions compared to the countries which had not applied those measures. The Central and Eastern European countries are characterized by lower environmental taxes and lower expenditure allocated to environmental protection. The countries with a higher GDP per capita have greater GHG emissions that the countries with lower GDP per capita. This is associated with greater consumption, waste, and energy consumption. The study conducted gives rise to a discussion regarding data sufficiency in the assessment and forecasting of GHG emissions and their environmental consequences.

scholarly journals Spatial Patterns in Fiscal Impacts of Environmental Taxation in the EU

Economies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Vít Pászto ◽  
Jarmila Zimmermannová ◽  
Jolana Skaličková ◽  
Judit Sági
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Environmental Taxation ◽  
Environmental Tax ◽  
K Nearest Neighbors ◽  
Fiscal Impact ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
Fiscal Impacts ◽  
The Eu

There are several reasons for environmental taxation implementation. Besides its environmental impact, the main reason for such taxation is its fiscal impact, particularly in generating revenues of public budgets. The main goal of this paper is to observe possible spatial patterns in fiscal impacts of environmental taxation in the EU countries, and to depict the groups of countries with the same (or similar) fiscal impact of these instruments on public budget revenues, including environmental and economic characteristics. Two methods of cluster analysis are used, Ward linkage and K-nearest neighbors (spatial) cluster analysis to observe potential geographical links or implication of fiscal impact. The study is performed for the years 2008 and 2017. Based on the results, we can say that in the year 2008, the EU countries were divided into “the west” and “the east”, with some exceptions. The western countries were characterized by high environmental tax revenues, the eastern countries by low environmental tax revenues. For 2017, the situation is different. The border between old and new EU member states is not so abrupt and clear. The results show higher diversification between EU countries concerning the fiscal impacts of environmental taxation.

scholarly journals MACROECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TAX ECONOMIC REFORMS IN EU COUNTRIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
I. Marekha ◽  
V. Myrhorodska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Environmental Taxes ◽  
Environmental Tax ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The article substantiates the necessity to introduce systematic and effective tax eco-reforms in the context of resource-oriented economic development by the European Union countries. The performance and effectiveness of the reforms are estimated in relation to the main four groups of environmental taxes: energy taxes, pollution taxes, resource taxes and transport taxes. The macroecological policy of the European Union countries is the object of the undertaken analysis. The article examines the impact of macroeconomic factors on environmental taxes across the EU, using a correlation analysis toolkit. Four groups of macroeconomic parameters were selected for analysis: internal macroeconomic factors (nominal GDP, real GDP, inflation, business cycle stage, budget deficit, energy consumption level); external macroeconomic factors (government debt, exports, foreign direct investments); institutional macroparameters (environmental culture, shadow economy, trust in government) and fiscal macroparameters (tax culture and fiscal freedom). The economic interpretation of the obtained correlates is given. Based on the correlation analysis, stimulators and de-stimulators of tax environmental reforms across the EU were identified. It is established that the factors that positively influence on the tax environmental reforms are the overwhelming majority of the analyzed factors. The formation of indicators of the effectiveness of tax environmental reforms is undertaken for six countries of the Community. In particular, the analysis covers three economic leaders (Germany, the United Kingdom and France) and three leading EU countries in the field of environmental tax collection (Latvia, Greece and Slovenia). The article presents approaches to improving the assessment of the effectiveness of tax environmental reforms based on the consideration of fiscal (budget-filling) and reproductive (multiplicative) functions of environmental taxes. In this regard, the environmental tax multiplier and accelerator, as well as the GDP elasticity coefficient for environmental taxes, were calculated for the analyzed group of countries. The criteria of economic efficiency of tax eco-reforms are proposed. Keywords: environmental taxes, macroeconomic effect, macro-environmental policy, multiplier, accelerator, elasticity

The national budget as the financial basis for the environmental policy in the EU countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 1567-1587
Author(s):  
Lyudmila P. KOROLEVA ◽  
Kseniya A. BELOVA ◽  
Mariya K. FROLOVA
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Environmental Taxes ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
National Budget ◽  
Protection Costs ◽  
The Eu

Subject. The article discusses the role of the budgetary system in the EU countries in financing the environmental policy of States. We analyze the volume and structure of environmental taxes and national budgetary spending on environmental protection, and their equilibrium. Objectives. We trace modern trends in the environmental portion of the EU countries’ budgets and substantiate thresholds of budgetary revenue and expenditures with respect to the environment in the Russian Federation. Methods. The study is based on general, economic-statistical methods and methods of economic analysis of trend series. Results. Having analyzed ecotaxes and budgetary spending on environmental protection in 2010–2019, we traced the stabilizing tendency of the budgetary contribution to finance of the environmental policy in 27 EU countries in terms of income and expenditures for environmental protection, the differentiation of the above indicators across the EU countries. In the EU countries, local authorities are obviously in charge of financing environmental protection costs, maintaining the surplus of the environmental portion of national budgets. We measured the mean value of environmental taxes and national budget spending in environmental protection in 27 EU countries. Conclusions and Relevance. As the EU actively promotes sustainable development values, respective budgetary systems continue to make more or less the same contribution throughout 2010–2019, according to aggregate data of 27 EU countries. However, the contribution significantly differs as per data of certain EU countries. Assessing the adequacy and balance of the environmental portion of the Russian consolidated budget, mean values of the EU data can be used to substantiate thresholds of the indicators.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF THE IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL TAXATION PARAMETERS ON THE INDICATORS OF SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
Я.В. Самусевич ◽  
М.В. Солодуха
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Environmental Taxation ◽  
Environmental Taxes ◽  
Panel Regression ◽  
Ecosystem Protection ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The article is devoted to the study of the preconditions and peculiarities of the application of environmental taxation instruments for the implementation of the concept of “green” economy in the world. An analysis of world researches on the impact of environmental taxes on the indicators of sustainable development and socio-economic status has been conducted. Based on the analytical tools, a panel regression analysis of environmental taxation effects has been performed. The results of the assessment of the relationship between these indicators and the parameters of sustainable development should be the basis for the development of environmental policy aimed at reducing the burden on the environment and targeted funding for ecosystem protection. Prospects for further work are to develop guidelines for the formation of mechanisms for financial support of environmental activities and study the effectiveness of environmental and economic instruments of taxation.

scholarly journals Environmental Taxation: New Evidence for Energy Taxes

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 101-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Grdinić ◽  
Maja Klun ◽  
Žiga Kotnik
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Environmental Taxes ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Environmental Expenditures ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
The Eu

The intensity of exploitation of natural resources has increased over the past decades, making environmental protection policy one of the most important priorities of government institutions. Various economic instruments, including taxation, may help policy makers in the EU meet environmental targets, among them a more secure and competitive green economy in Europe. The focus of this paper is on empirically investigating the direct effect of environmental taxes and the indirect effect of environmental expenditures sourced from environmental taxes on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the energy sector. The research applied the panel data analysis method to selected EU member states for the 1995–2010 period. The results show that the direct effect of environmental taxes on GHG emissions in the sector energy is statistically significant and negative. The indirect effects of environmental taxes resulting from environmental expenditures in the industrial and governmental sectors were found to be even stronger than the direct effect of taxes alone.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL TAXES AND EMISSIONS OF POLLUTANTS IN THE EU: EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS

MEST Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Viktor Koziuk ◽  
Oleksandr Dluhopolskyi ◽  
Kazymyr Voznyi
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Iso 14001 ◽  
Environmental Taxation ◽  
Environmental Taxes ◽  
Environmental Tax ◽  
Inverse Effect ◽  
Cross Correlation Analysis ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
The Eu

The system of environmental taxes in EU countries is expected to have an impact on reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Since 2010 the emphasis on environmental regulation has shifted towards the EU 2020 strategy. This research continues the previous author’s studies about the environmental measurement of welfare economics. The article tests the hypothesis of the inverse effect of the environmental taxation level on CO2 emissions. The method of cross-correlation analysis was used to confirm the hypothesis. As the dependent variables were chosen emission indicators (CO2, PM2.5mg), and the independent variables were selected environmental taxes, the share of renewable energy, the number of businesses in the country that have an environmental certificate ISO 14001. The level of environmental taxation has a significant impact on the amount of CO2 emissions in the direction of their reduction. The share of renewable energy in final consumption also has a significant impact on the dynamics of changes in the amount of CO2. The analysis of environmental tax revenues in the EU showed the dominance of their fiscal component over the regulatory one.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL TAXION TRENDS IN EUROPE

2019 ◽  
pp. 08-22
Author(s):  
Viktor KOZIUK ◽  
Oksana SHYMANSKA ◽  
Kazymyr VOZNYI
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Public Good ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Environmental Taxation ◽  
Environmental Taxes ◽  
Environmental Tax ◽  
The Public ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Environmental Policy Instruments

Introduction. EU countries are showing an increasing trend towards the priority of the public good “clean ecology”. Environmental taxation not only exerts fiscal, but above all, corrective influence on the behavior of economic agents. Nonetheless, the fiscal design of environmental taxes and their composition as a source of budget revenue remains an issue that needs further study. Purpose is to track current environmental tax trends in Europe, the evolution of environmental policy instruments in EU countries, to analyze their economic and social impact; to identify problems with the existing environmental taxation system in Ukraine. Methods. In researching current environmental tax trends in Europe, identifying the stages of evolution of environmental policy instruments, analyzing their impact on the economy and social sphere, substantiating the problems of the existing system of environmental taxation in Ukraine, a number of scientific and special methods of research were used, in particular: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, abstraction, generalization, statistical, graphic, tabular. Results. Based on the analysis of the dynamics of different types of environmental taxes in the EU-28 countries for the period 1995–2017 (gross, energy, transport, pollution taxes, resources), a general tendency for their increase was revealed. In a comparative analysis of growth dynamics of total environmental taxes (TET), taxes on CO2 and greenhouse gases in the same sample of countries during the study period, a tendency was found to exceed the growth rate of TET over the reducing harmful emissions, which confirms the implementation of environmental taxes fiscal function, than corrective one. It has been stated that, despite the coherence and systematic nature of European countries' environmental tax policy, compensating for “environmental losses” indirectly increases its sensitivity to public sector efficiency and breaks the link between environmental taxation and the public good “clean ecology”. At the same time, problems were identified in the field of environmental taxation in Ukraine, in particular to the lack of an effective model of taxation, due to the inconsistency of the revenue mechanisms and proportions of the distribution of environmental taxes between budgets of different levels. Conclusions. Further research suggests focusing on assessing efficiency level of the environmental tax system in European countries, which will create the basis for improving the latter in Ukraine.

PROSPECTS FOR THE "GREEN" ECONOMY OF THE EU COUNTRIES IN THE CONTEXT OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND ENERGY SAVING GROWTH

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-114
Author(s):  
Natal'ya V. Ivina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Current State ◽  
World Energy ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
The Eu

The article describes the current state of the world energy market from the point of view of the production and consumption of energy resources. It considers the dynamics of the contribution of the world regions to the overall energy balance. It was noted that the trends of the EU countries are generally different from the rest of the world in favor of reducing the energy load, increasing energy efficiency and increasing the share of renewable resources. The author carried out an analysis of the EU energy structure in which the predominant share is assigned to "green" sources. The fundamentals and key principles of energy cooperation and its impact on the economy of the EU countries are presented. Conclusions have been drawn about the most serious obstacles that hinder the spread of renewable energy: technical, administrative, economic. Prospects for the introduction of "green" initiatives in the EU countries are outlined.

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