scholarly journals SYSTEMS OF CORRUPTION IN UKRAINE: CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana Piasetska-Ustych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Market Mechanism ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Monetary System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Systemic Problems

The article considers theoretical and methodological basis of corruption as a systemic problem. Corruption is analyzed as a complex socio-economic phenomenon, its main types are studied, the main approaches in economic theory to the interpretation of the concept of corruption are systematized, the causes of corrupt economic relations are clarified. Specific factors that determine the development of corruption and its consequences in the socio-economic system of society are studied. The study analyzes causes of corruption and shadow economic relations in Ukrainian economy, it shows that the shadow activity of market participants leads to negative socio-economic consequences for the state and society: it destructs competition, distorts the market mechanism, tax and monetary system, has a negative impact on the state of public finances. Shadow processes cause significant deformations of the social sphere. The analysis allows us to conclude that corruption-shadow relations are systemic problems of national economy development, which are not only a threat to national security, but also create a multiplicative negative impact on socio-economic system of society.

scholarly journals The Establishment of a Concept of Equilibrium of the Economic Basis of the Constitutional Order as a Universal Axiological Metaprinciple

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-321
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Yakimova
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
The State ◽  
Constitutional Development ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

Defining the foundation of social development is one of the most important issues of all time. For economic relations the issue is addressed through the prism of defining the role of the state in the establishment and development of the economic system of society. Without attempting to reveal the essence and all the engines of the economic system of a society, and without pretending to be true only of the authors conception, we note that, in all the diversity of economic relations, they all have causality, as do all relationships. In this connection, the movement towards the attainment of values (axiological) is an important component of social development, one of which is the achievement of a dynamic balance between the social system in general and the economic system in particular. The desire to achieve a dynamic balance also manifests itself in the fact that it is embodied in different levels of law, becoming a legal value, which is particularly evident during the period of constitutional development of the state. The history of the formation and implementation of the concept of dynamic equilibrium as a universal metaprinciple through legal acts reflects the evolutionary movement of both States and societies, becoming the constitutional denominator, which any state can invoke at any stage of historical development, which is the case in the present study.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Transformations in Ukraine towards the Sustainable Development of Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 5441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olha Kravchenko ◽  
Anatolii Kucher ◽  
Maria Hełdak ◽  
Lesia Kucher ◽  
Joanna Wysmułek
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
The Social ◽  
Livestock Products

The social and economic conditions of all market participants are incentives and constraining factors influencing the levels of food, social, economic and ecologic security. The purpose of the article lies in the presentation of the author’s concept of the social and economic conditions where the transformation of economic relations between agrofood market participants is happening—in particular, the livestock products market of Ukraine—and the assessment of the state of food security of the country, as well as a comparison, by the same criteria, of the conditions of agrofood market participants in Ukraine and in four European countries: Germany, France, Italy, and Poland. This research was based on the application of empirical knowledge methods: observation, comparison, description, measurement, statistic methods, etc. So far, the participant functioning conditions in the agricultural market in Ukraine are unfavorable for the sustainable development of agriculture, especially the livestock industry. The debt burden of external creditors is growing, the amount of direct investments from the countries of the world decreases, and the growth of capital investment in terms of calculation per one employee is slowing down. The food security of Ukraine is unstable. The “market” itself is not capable of remedying all the negative phenomena. Therefore, it is necessary to apply the weighted power of the state.

Popular Belief in State Intervention for Social Protection in China

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHACK KIE WONG ◽  
NAN SHONG PETER LEE
Keyword(s):  
Economic Reform ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Attitude Survey ◽  
The Social ◽  
Recent Developments

The paper starts with a brief discussion of recent developments of economic restructuring of the State Owned Enterprises in China and their related reforms in social insurance and social assistance. It then reports the findings of an attitude survey of residents in Shanghai in 1996 towards the social and economic consequences of economic reform. It reveals that, despite the fact that most people feel better off with the reforms, there is still a need for the state to play a role in social protection.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF UNBALANCED STATE BUDGET OF UKRAINE: ANALYSIS OF OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE FACTORS OF BUDGET REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Zahidna ◽  
◽  
Vasylyna Ignatyshyna ◽  
Uliana Skydan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Successful Solution ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The Impact

A significant place in the social and economic development of each country belongs to the problems of the budget, because the budget belongs to the sphere of public life that directly affects the interests of all members of society. The budget of any country reflects the important economic, social and political problems of the state and each person in particular. At the same time, the successful solution of budget problems is possible only if a proper understanding of its essence, role and place in the system of economic relations. For any country, the state budget is the main link in the financial system. As part of this system, it combines the main financial categories: income and expenditure of the country, the tax system, public credit, public debt in their closest coexistence. The budget as a financial plan of public expenditures and sources of their coverage plays an important role in the activities of the state. It determines its capabilities and development priorities, its role and forms of implementation of the functions assigned to it. It is an effective regulator of that economy reflects the amount of financial resources required by the state, determines specific areas of use of funds, directs the financial activities of the state. The article analyzes and defines the essence of revenues and expenditures of the state budget. The state and dynamics of state budget revenues and budget expenditures are studied. A comparison of state budget revenues and expenditures was made and it was investigated that expenditures significantly exceed revenues, and therefore the state budget is in deficit. The factors of formation of revenues and expenditures of the state budget at the present stage are determined. The dynamics of GDP growth rates and state revenues are analyzed budget, as well as the impact of GDP on the state budget. The peculiarities of the influence of the foreign trade factor on the revenues and expenditures of the state budget are determined. The influence and shares of exports and imports in the state budget revenues are studied. The current problems of imbalance of the state budget and the causes of the state budget deficit are identified. Ways to balance revenues and expenditures at the present stage are proposed. The dynamics of indicators of export and import of Ukraine is analyzed. The problems of Ukraine 's foreign trade at the present stage are investigated and perspective directions of improvement of the existing state of the export – import policy of the state are determined.

scholarly journals THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF ESTIMATION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF BUSINESS

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Гузалия Клычова ◽  
Guzaliya Klychova ◽  
Алсу Закирова ◽  
Alsu Zakirova ◽  
Альфия Юсупова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Business Partners ◽  
The Social ◽  
Corporate Social

In modern conditions, the social component of business is becoming increasingly important both for organizations and for society as a whole, since, as many years of experience show, those enterprises that develop their socially-oriented activities are more trusted by the state, investors, counterparties, creditors and other business partners. The social responsibility of business helps minimize the negative impact of the enterprise's production activities, the formation of an atmosphere of trust, predictability and common values in society, thanks to which, business becomes economically and socially more sustainable. In this regard, relevant issues are related to the assessment of the level of social responsibility of the enterprise, determining the main directions of social development of companies. The economic essence of the concept “corporate social responsibility” has been studied and specified in the article, the main directions of the corporate social responsibility of business assessment are examined. For a comprehensive assessment of corporate social responsibility, a system of indicators is proposed that takes into account its following components: the development and implementation of human resources, the formation of environmental sustainability and the implementation of socially significant projects.

scholarly journals The State Regulation of the Hotel and Restaurant Business in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (520) ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
V. О. Martynenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
State Support ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Further Development

The axiom of present is that Ukraine has a very difficult situation in the sphere of hotel and restaurant business caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This situation has developed not only due to the underdevelopment of this sphere, also because of the significant shortcomings in the system of the State regulation of entrepreneurial activity in the pandemic, which makes this issue a topical scientific problem. The publication is aimed at analyzing the extant status of operation of the hotel and restaurant business under quarantine restrictions, as well as developing proposals for providing the State support to business entities in order to minimize losses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Theoretical and methodological grounds of research are the basic principles of development of hotel and restaurant business in a crisis, scientific works of Ukrainian scholars. The following methods were used in the course of the research: logical-juristic (to analyze the legislation of Ukraine on measures of the State support for business entities in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic); systematization (defining forms of the State aid); hypotheses and assumptions (in the preparation of proposals for further regulation of the provision of the State support to the hotel and restaurant business). As a result of the research, it is determined that the introduced support measures on the part of the State allowed to reduce the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the hotel and restaurant sector for the short-term period only. Renewal and further development of this sphere is impossible without the introduction of new approaches to the relations between the State and business, which have established determined in Ukrainian society, without increasing the social consciousness of business and increasing the level of its contact with public authorities. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to improve the system of adjustment of efforts of the State authorities, local self-government bodies and business entities in this sphere.

Economic expertise as a tool to counter the shadow economy

2021 ◽  
pp. 131-136
Author(s):  
С.В. Банк ◽  
В.Ф. Вакуленко
Keyword(s):  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Large Percentage ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Current State ◽  
Almost All

Теневая экономика проникает практически во все экономические сферы жизнедеятельности общества. Она включает в себя различные экономические отношения, которые находятся за рамками закона в областях производства, потребления, обмена и распределения. Воспрепятствование теневой экономике, предстающей одной из базовых угроз экономической безопасности страны, есть необычайно актуальное явление в настоящее время. Современное состояние сектора теневой экономики в России весьма динамично развивается, что влечет за собой негативное воздействие на социально-экономическое положение государства. В основном, это относится к представителям малого и среднего бизнеса, который занимается предоставлением услуг и производством разнообразных товаров. Актуальность избранной тематики заключается в том, что сейчас в России большой процент теневых доходов, тогда, как эти деньги могли быть направлены на становление и развитие МСП, особенно во времена обостренной пандемии, что позволило бы минимизировать экономическую напряженность и нарастить результативность государственных финансов. The shadow economy penetrates almost all economic spheres of society. It includes various economic relations that are outside the scope of the law in the areas of production, consumption, exchange and distribution. The obstruction of the shadow economy, which appears to be one of the basic threats to the economic security of the country, is an extremely relevant phenomenon at the present time. The current state of the shadow economy sector in Russia is developing very dynamically, which entails a negative impact on the socio-economic situation of the state. This mainly applies to representatives of small and medium-sized businesses that provide services and produce a variety of goods. The relevance of the chosen topic lies in the fact that now there is a large percentage of shadow income in Russia, while this money could be used for the formation and development of SMEs, especially during times of an acute pandemic, which would minimize economic tension and increase the effectiveness of public finances.

scholarly journals SYSTEM OF STATE SOCIAL INSURANCE: EXPERIENCE OF UKRAINE AND GERMANY

2018 ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana KOVAL
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Medical Insurance ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Production ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
State Health Insurance ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

Introduction. Social protection of the population is one of the state functions The implementation of a socially oriented state policy involves solving the problems of social protection and is aimed at creating the proper conditions for a decent standard of living and free development of the individual. The emergence and functioning of social insurance is conditioned by the presence of various social risks and the need to retain citizens who can not take an active part in the process of social production. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the practical principles of the functioning of the system of state social insurance of Ukraine and Germany and to develop, on this basis, practical recommendations aimed at improving the social insurance of Ukraine in the context of the borrowing of progressive experience in Germany. Results. Approaches to the treatment of social insurance are considered: as a system of economic relations, as an element of the social policy of the state, as a component of social protection of the population. A comparative analysis of forms of social insurance and sources of financing payments in Ukraine and Germany has been carried out. The practical aspects of functioning of compulsory medical insurance in Germany are investigated, its positive features are revealed. Conclusion. It is revealed that the forms and sources of state social insurance of Ukraine and Germany are similar. The exception is the state health insurance, which in Ukraine is in the stage of implementation. The necessity to restore the payment of a single social contribution by hired workers in the conditions of a shortage of financial resources in the sphere of social insurance of Ukraine is substantiated. It is proposed to apply in the domestic practice the mechanism of functioning of the state medical insurance of Germany, which excludes the possibility of abuses by medical workers in the context of the appointment of unnecessary medical examinations and procedures.

scholarly journals FINANCING THE SOCIAL SERVICES OF UKRAINE AT THE PRESENT STAGE IN THE CONTEXT OF BALANCED DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERRITORIES

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (28) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Vadym Polischuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
State And Local

Annotation. Introduction. The article investigates the main problems in the field of social protection of the population in Ukraine that require an immediate solution. The theoretical approach to the financial support of the social sphere is considered. The reasons for the negative impact on the implementation of budget policy in the social protection system are investigated. The financing of social protection and social security, health and education from state and local budgets of Ukraine is analyzed. Changes in the system of social protection through the transformation of financing of the social protection system are determined. The purpose of the article. It is worth exploring the financial support of social services in Ukraine in recent years. It is also worth offering possible ways to counteract the underfunding of the social sphere from the budgets of different levels. Results. Formation of national social security in the system of public finance management should be carried out on the basis of the system of fiscal norms and to be focused; to ensure effective forms of supporting various social groups that require social protection; transition to cash provision of welfare; Personal assistance to the state is included in income of individuals and families. Taking into account that wages are still the main source of income in Ukraine, it is necessary to increase its share in income, paying special attention to minimal hourly remuneration. Conclusions. The main reason for the negative impact on the implementation of fiscal policy in the social security system is mainly reflected in the implementation of the budget expenditures approved by the state. In addition, during the research process, we have found that in the state budget of Ukraine, social security expenditures and social insurance funds have increased more than doubled over the past five years, indicating the lack of funds in this area.

scholarly journals The role and purpose of the state in the currents of neoliberalism

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 213-219
Author(s):  
Serediuk V. V.
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
The State ◽  
Market Mechanism ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Free Competition ◽  
Role Of The State

The article reveals the theses of neoliberalism - a complex philosophical and scientific course, as well as social practices concerning a new understanding of the role and purpose of the state in the twentieth century. The results of the study are based on an analysis of the works of representatives of German and American neoliberalism. The strong role of the state in the economic sphere, as well as the humanitarian, social and security purpose of the state are described. Neoliberalism was formed in the fields of economics, political science, jurisprudence, international law, philosophy as scientific fields of knowledge and embodied in the economic, social and cultural policy of Western democracies, including the reflection of its doctrinal provisions in the constitutions of European states. Therefore, neoliberalism can be defined as a set of doctrinal currents and social practices, characterized by economic, political, legal and ideological components. Representatives of neoliberalism tried to redefine the role, significance and tasks of the state according to the interwar and postwar economic and political conditions. At the same time, their ideas concerned individual rights and freedoms, the legal social order, as well as the worldview and methodological foundations on which all currents of neoliberalism were based. In August 1938, a conference of neoliberal economists, known as the Lippmann Colloquium, was held in Paris, at which a new concept of the state was essentially formulated. It consisted of the following provisions. First, the state must determine the system of rules within which economic activity is formed, and guarantee their implementation. Secondly, it was recognized at the conference that the market mechanism does not provide automatic self-regulation and balance, and therefore requires some government intervention.The third provision of the conference established that the state had to take only those measures that would ensure the support of free competition. Fourth, the restriction of monopolies was recognized. This idea underlies at the basis of antitrust laws in USA. The fifth point of neoliberalism was the limited intervention of the state in economic relations. It was allowed only temporarily and in cases when the flexibility of supply and demand was violated and the balance on the basis of the price mechanism was lost. The state should not set the price on the market, but should influence the magnitude of supply or demand, thus equalizing prices and preventing sharp fluctuations. As a result, the state in neoliberalism has a strong influence on the economic system by eliminating market monopolies, ensuring free competition, regulating excess supply and demand. Also, one of the leading roles of the state is to carry out activities that do not provide profit in the near future (humanitarian, scientific, medical, environmental spheres). Having created conditions for sustainable economic development, the state has to embody social and security tasks. Keywords: neoliberalism, state, role, order, intervention, economy, law, peace, security, humanitarian and social tasks.

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