Synthesis of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticle using Non-Transferred DC Thermal Plasma Method: A Morphology Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 983-987
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Plasma Jet ◽  
Zno Nanoparticle ◽  
Nano Zno ◽  
Plasma Method ◽  
Plasma Torches ◽  
Production Parameters ◽  
Plasma Device ◽  
Input Techniques

The increase of nanomaterialusagesuch as nano-ZnO application indeveloping countries is a type of progressthat is beneficial from the engineering standpoint.Being able to controlthe results of nanomaterial production is crucialin this development. To control the outcome is to obtainZnO nanomaterialsproperties which are suitable and in accordance to its intended application.Thisstudy focuses on the morphology ofZnO nanomaterialswhich aresynthesized by non-transferred DC thermal plasmamethod. In this review,parameters of the apparatus regulating the outcomes of the synthesisis studied and analyzed to find certain guidelines that affect nanomaterial morphology. Some of the findings includethe influence ofnon-transferred DC thermal plasma torches main variables such as gas output and powerinputwhich are involved in plasma jet production. It also finds precursor input techniques in which affects the ZnO nanomaterial production outcome. The study indicates that each production parameters on the DC thermal plasma device have different ways in affecting the morphology of the synthesized nanomaterialand it is possible to control them

scholarly journals Effect of ZnO nanoparticle on cell viability, zinc uptake efficiency, and zinc transporters gene expression: a comparison with ZnO and ZnSO4

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 32-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Zhang ◽  
Z. Wang ◽  
L. Mao ◽  
X. Dong ◽  
Q. Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Zinc Uptake ◽  
Zinc Transporters ◽  
Zno Nanoparticle ◽  
Nano Zno ◽  
Uptake Efficiency ◽  
Zinc Sources

Zinc plays an important role in functional and structural integrity of cells. The aim of the current study was to compare cell viability, zinc uptake efficiency, and gene expression of metallothionein (MT), divalent metal transporter (DMT-1), and other important zinc transporters (ZnTs) under experimental treatment of TPEN (N, N, N', N'-Tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl) ethylenediamine) (2 µM), and three zinc sources (zinc oxide nanoparticle (nano-ZnO), bulk zinc oxide (ZnO), and zinc sulfate (ZnSO<sub>4</sub>)) at different levels (25, 50, and 100 µM) in rat intestinal epithelial cell line IEC-6. Cells were classified into TPEN group and TPEN + zinc sources groups. In the present study, significantly decreased cell viability was observed in TPEN group, while supplementations with nano-ZnO at all levels and ZnO (50 and 100 µM) significantly increased the cell viability. ZnSO<sub>4 </sub>at a high concentration (100 µM) inhibited cell viability. Furthermore, cells of nano-ZnO group showed the highest viability at a 25 µM concentration. The uptake efficiency of nano-ZnO is higher than that of ZnSO<sub>4</sub> and ZnO. Additionally, a significant down-regulation for ZnT-1, ZnT-4, MT, DMT-1 mRNA with TPEN treatment was detected. Compared with the unchanged ZnT-4, all zinc treatments up-regulated the gene expressions of ZnT-1, ZnT-5, ZnT-7, MT, and DMT-1. Our results indicate that nano-ZnO is more effective than ZnO and ZnSO<sub>4</sub> in enhancing cell viability, and its lower cytotoxicity, higher uptake efficiency, and comparative transportation at low concentration also favour its potential use as a new zinc source in feed additives.

Control of substrate surface temperature in millisecond annealing technique using thermal plasma jet

2007 ◽  
Vol 515 (12) ◽  
pp. 4897-4900 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Okada ◽  
S. Higashi ◽  
H. Kaku ◽  
N. Koba ◽  
H. Murakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Plasma Jet ◽  
Thermal Plasma Jet

A new crystallization technique of Si films on glass substrate using thermal plasma jet

2005 ◽  
Vol 244 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 8-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kaku ◽  
S. Higashi ◽  
H. Taniguchi ◽  
H. Murakami ◽  
S. Miyazaki
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Glass Substrate ◽  
Plasma Jet ◽  
Thermal Plasma Jet ◽  
Si Films

ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES FOR ULTRAVIOLET PHOTODETECTION

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 183-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHAYLA SAWYER ◽  
LIQIAO QIN ◽  
CHRISTOPHER SHING
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Gallium Nitride ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Green Emission ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Voltage Response ◽  
Zno Nanoparticle ◽  
Linear Current ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Lift Off

Zinc Oxide ( ZnO ) nanoparticles were created by a top-down wet-chemistry synthesis process ( ZnO - A ) and then coated with polyvinyl-alcohol (PVA) ( ZnO - U ). In ZnO - U , strong UV emission was apparent while the parasitic green emission, which normally appears in ZnO suspensions, was suppressed. A standard lift-off process via e-beam lithography was used to fabricate a detector by evaporating Aluminum ( Al ) as ohmic electrodes on the ZnO nanoparticle film. Photoconductivity experiments showed that linear current-voltage response were achieved and the ZnO - U nanoparticles based detector had a ratio of UV photo-generated current more than 5 times better than that of the ZnO - A based detector. In addition, non-linear current-voltage responses were observed when interdigitated finger Gold ( Au ) contacts were deposited on ZnO - U . The UV generated current to dark current ratios were between 4 and 7 orders of magnitude, showing better performance than the photodetector with Al contacts. ZnO - U were also deposited on Gallium Nitride ( GaN ) and Aluminum Gallium Nitride ( AlGaN ) substrates to create spectrally selective photodetectors. The responsivity of detector based on AlGaN is twice that of commercial UV enhanced Silicon photodiodes. These results confirmed that ZnO nanoparticles coating with PVA is a good material for small-signal, visible blind, and wavelength selective UV detection.

Investigation on electrical characteristics of TFTs fabricated with germanium films crystallized by atmospheric pressure micro-thermal-plasma-jet irradiation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuma Sato ◽  
Hiroaki Hanafusa ◽  
Seiichiro HIGASHI
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Hole Concentration ◽  
Thin Film Transistor ◽  
Plasma Jet ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Thermal Plasma Jet ◽  
High Carrier Mobility ◽  
High Carrier

Abstract Crystalline-germanium (c-Ge) is an attractive material for a thin-film transistor (TFT) channel because of its high carrier mobility and applicability to a low-temperature process. We present the electrical characteristics of c-Ge crystallized by atmospheric pressure micro-thermal-plasma-jet (µ-TPJ). The µ-TPJ crystalized c-Ge showed the maximum Hall mobility of 1070 cm2·V−1·s−1 with its hole concentration of ~ 1016 cm−3, enabling us to fabricate the TFT with field-effect mobility (μ FE) of 196 cm2·V−1·s−1 and ON/OFF ratio (R ON/OFF) of 1.4 × 104. On the other hand, RON/OFFs and μFEs were dependent on the scanning speed of the TPJ, inferring different types of defects were induced in the channel regions. These findings show not only a possibility of the TPJ irradiation as a promising method to make a c-Ge TFT on insulating substrates.

Plasma Technology TRIPLEX for the Deposition of Ceramic Coatings in the Industry

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Barbezat ◽  
K. Landes
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Jet ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Deposition Efficiency ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Oxide Ceramic ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Plasma Gun ◽  
Plasma Torches ◽  
Improved Stability

Abstract As a new plasma gun technology the TRIPLEX system has been introduced in the industrial field two years ago. The core of the TRIPLEX technology is a plasma gun with three cathodes and a long cascaded nozzle consisting of several insulated rings. Only the last ring with a relatively long distance to the cathode is operated as anode. Because of the equal and constant lengths of the three independent arcs, stretching from the three cathodes to the common anode, a stationary plasma jet is generated. Compared to conventional torches, the improved stability of the plasma jet allows a more uniform powder treatment and a higher deposition efficiency as well as the powder feed rate can be increased using a triple injection system. A significantly longer life time of the electrodes reduces the cost for quality control in the coating process. The characteristic properties of oxide ceramic coatings are improved in comparison with the coatings produced by conventional plasma torches. The results of two years industrial application of the innovative torch system TRIPLEX are presented in the paper.

Preventing Wax Deposition in Crude Oil Using Polyethylene Butene and Nano Zinc Oxide

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ademola Balogun ◽  
Toyin Odutola ◽  
Yakubu Balogun
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Viscosity Reduction ◽  
Waxy Crude Oil ◽  
Nano Zno ◽  
Waxy Crude ◽  
Shear Rates ◽  
Rate Relationship ◽  
Fluid Behaviour

Abstract This research examines the use of 75nm Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (Nano ZnO) and Polyethylene Butene (PEB) in reducing the viscosity of Nigerian waxy crude oil. The rheology of the crude oil was studied by measuring the viscosity and shear stress of crude samples contaminated with varying concentration of PEB (500ppm, 1000ppm, 2000ppm, 3000ppm, 4000ppm and 5000ppm), varying concentrations of Nano ZnO (1wt%, 2wt%, 3wt% and 4wt%) and different blends of PEB and Nano ZnO at temperatures of between 10°C to 35°C and shear rates from 1.7 to 1020s-1. From Rheological Modelling analysis conducted, the Power law pseudoplastic model was the best fit for the experimental data with a regression coefficient of 0.99. Analysis of crude sample before addition of inhibitor showed evidence of non-Newtonian fluid behaviour as the shear stress-shear rate relationship curves were nonlinear due to wax precipitation at low temperatures (10°C to 15°C). The waxy crude demonstrated shear thinning behaviour with increasing shear rates (increasing turbulence) and the viscosity reduced with increasing temperature. The addition of inhibitors (PEB, Nano ZnO and their blends) effected Newtonian fluid behaviour in the crude samples as the shear stress-shear rate relationship curves were linear at all temperatures under study. The optimum concentration of the inhibitors in this study is 2000ppm PEB (causing 33% viscosity reduction) and 1wt% Nano ZnO (effecting 26% viscosity reduction). The best concentration of the blend was 2000ppm PEB blended with 1wt% Nano ZnO which effected a viscosity reduction of 41%. The research demonstrates the novel application of the blend of Nano ZnO and PEB in improving flowability of Nigerian waxy crude oil especially in offshore conditions with prevailing cold temperatures.

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