scholarly journals FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH FERTILITY IN”BHAKKAR GABOOL GOTH”: CASE STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sanam Wagma Khattak
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
World Population ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Sex Preferences ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
Major Factors

Pakistan is holding only 0.67 percent of the whole world’s area but has 2 percent of world population. In 1951 it ranked at 14th position in the world’s populous countries. In 2015-16 its population jumped to 195.4 million approximately five times higher. With this high population it has become the 6th most high populated country in the world. Human fertility is not a personal decision but it is a mixture of factors, and the factors differ among places, according to specific conditions of particular areas & cultures. The aim of current research is to determine major factors that encourage high child ever born in urban slum area of Karachi” Bhakkar Gabool Goth” questionnaire was filled up from 100 ever married house hold women through simple sampling method based on formation  on socio economic determinants like respondent’s age and their husband’s income/education level/place of childhood residence, etc etc. The analysis were based on descriptive analysis through percentages and number distribution of respondents .The median or average number of kids were greater than 5 and out of 23 variables discussed in questionnaire , only 14 variables show significant relation with fertility level which were respondent current age, education status of respondent/ her husband, work status of respondent and her husband, types of work, age at first marriage/first birth, infant/child mortality, contraception, sex preferences and willingness of respondent/ her husband to have more kids. more and more family health clinics should be established particularly in slum areas, female education should be increased to encourage delayed marriages and contraception use should also be enhanced through media or health visitors.

scholarly journals SEX PREFERENCE ON CHILD AND MODERN CONTRACEPTION USE IN FERTILE AGE WOMEN IN INDONESIA (ANALYSIS OF IDHS 2017)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Deby Novita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Modern Contraception ◽  
Sex Preference ◽  
Sex Preferences ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
Inferential Analysis

Generally, this study aims to describe the characacteristics of modern contraception users in fertile age women in Indonesia. Specifically, this study will examine the effect of the children's sex preferences on the use of modern contraception. Furthermore, the control variables used are age, education taken by the mothers, mothers' working status, marital status, Family Planning Field Officer (Petugas Lapangan Keluarga Berencana/PLKB) visits, and internet usage. The data used in this study was taken from the results of the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) 2017. Data analysis was using descriptive and inferential analysis. Descriptive analysis used is in the form of a single table and a cross-tabulation, while the inferential analysis used is binary logistic regression. Based on the descriptive analysis results, it can be concluded that 79.35% of fertile age women (15-49 years old) in Indonesia do not have particular sex preference on their children. Moreover, the inferential analysis results with a significance level by 1%, it appears that child's sex preference will reduce the chance of modern contraception use. Women's age, the number of children that safely delivered, marital status, and FPFO visits are having the positive effect on the modern contraception use, while the residential area, education taken, and internet usage are negatively affect the modern contraception use.

DETERMINATION OF THE EFFICIENCY AND EFFICACY OF BIO-CHEMICAL FERTILIZER ON THE SOIL, YIELD AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BLACK PEPPER (Piper nigrum L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-468
Author(s):  
Yap Chin Ann
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Area Index ◽  
K 12

The last nutrient management review of black pepper was done in 1968. There is, therefore, a need to develop new technology to improve pepper production and transfer that technology to production site. This experiment was carried out to study the effect of newly developed biochemical fertilizer on some physiological characteristics, yield and soil fertility of pepper. The treatment consisted of T1 (BS): chemical fertilizer (N:12%, P:12%, K:17%); T2 (BK1): biochemical fertilizer F1 N:15%, P:5%, K:14) and T3 (BK2): biochemical fertilizer F2 (N:13%, P:4%, K:12). The biochemical fertilizer F1 out-yielded chemical and biochemical fertilizer F2 by 75.38% and 16.45% respectively with the higher yield being associated with various phonotypical alterations, which are reported here. Significant measureable changes were observed in physiological processes and plant characteristics, such as large leaf area index, more chlorophyll content and high photosynthesis rate coupled with lower transpiration rate in biochemical fertilizer F1(BK1) treatment compared with other treatment. The high fertility level in biochemical fertilizer F1 and biochemical fertilizer F2 (BK2) reflected the important of organic material in improving soil quality. In conclusion, the achieve high growth performance and yield in pepper, chemical fertilizer alone is insufficient whilst combination of organic and inorganic fertilizer with balance nutrient content gave a significant increase in yield and growth of pepper. 

scholarly journals Content validation of the Self-perception of Family Health Status scale using the Delphi technique

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 595-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquín Salvador Lima-Rodríguez ◽  
Marta Lima-Serrano ◽  
Nerea Jiménez-Picón ◽  
Isabel Domínguez-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Family Health ◽  
The Self ◽  
Delphi Panel ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Family Unit ◽  
The Family

OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the content validity of the Self-perception of Family Health Status scale. METHOD: A validation study of an instrument with an online Delphi panel using the consensus technique. Eighteen experts in the subject were intentionally selected, with a multidisciplinary origin and representing different professional fields. Each of the proposed items was assessed using a five-point scale, and open-ended questions, to modify or propose items. Descriptive analysis was performed of the sample and the items, applying criteria of validation/elimination. RESULTS: The first round had a response rate of 83.3% and validated 75 of the 96 proposed items; the second had a response rate of 80%, and validated the 21 newly created items, concluding the panel of experts. CONCLUSIONS: We present an instrument to measure self-perception of family health status, from a nursing perspective. This may be an advance in scientific knowledge, to facilitate the assessment of the state of health of the family unit, enabling detection of alterations, and to facilitate interventions to prevent consequences to the family unit and its members. It can be used in clinical care, research or teaching.

scholarly journals Nikah dengan Dua Akad dan Dua Wali yang Berbeda Perspektif Maslahah di KUA Wonokromo Surabaya

AL-HUKAMA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-432
Author(s):  
Hanif Nur Pradani
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Legal Guardian ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Marriage Contract ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Guardian

This paper discusses the implementation of marriage with two different contracts and trustees at the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) in Wonokromo, Surabaya. The data in this article is collected by documentation and interview with the head of KUA of Wonokromo and witnesses to marriage and analyzed using descriptive analysis technique. In the case of this marriage, the first marriage contract uses a nasab guardian because the marriage officer (penghulu) knows his nasab guardian is Muslim. Then the second contract uses the judge guardian because in the bride’s family card, the guardian is Christian. Even though it has been married by a nasab guardian, the head of KUA of Wonokromo listed in the marriage certificate is the judge guardian that the supporting documents in the marriage require the use of a judge’s guardian. This implementation is included in the maslahah mulghah because the use of the contract with the judge guardian is rejected by the proposition that he knew that the nasab guardian was Muslim. This means that if there is a legal guardian who has the right to marry, then the judge guardian does not need to be used.

scholarly journals Effect of three different agronomic conditions on biochemical profile and diversity in the rhizosphere of banana plantations infected with Fusarium oxysporum Race 1

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Sánchez-Zúñiga ◽  
◽  
Ana Tapia-Fernández ◽  
William Eduardo Rivera-Méndez ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Biochemical Profile ◽  
Agronomic Conditions

Soil microorganisms play an important role as a link in the transfer of nutrients from the rhizosphere. The physical and chemical properties of soil, the metabolic profiles of microbial communities and different crop management practices can enhance our understanding of hizospheric interactions. This study aimed to establish differences in microbial communities associated with banana crops and the biochemical profile in farms under different agronomic conditions. Seven farms with different levels of intervention, management, and fusariosis severity were analyzed. The biochemical profile of the microbial community was determined using EcoPlates and the main substrates consumed by the microbial communities were identified through multivariate principal component analysis (PCA). Seven microorganisms were selected as indicators of nutrient cycles, pathogenicity and soil health. Also, soil chemical indicators were determined through a complete mineral analysis. For the physiological profile of soil microbial populations, it was observed that farms with the same management tend to be metabolically very similar. In the PCA, two principal components explained 90 % of the variance in the data. It was also determined that the genus Bacillus is predominant in all farms and that farm 4 (medium intervention) presented the most favorable values in all factors analyzed. The effective cation exchange capacity values are highlighted in the chemical analyses, which determined that all farms have a high fertility level. The metabolic profile, diversity and richness of each of the different farms were affected by the type of agronomic management used.

scholarly journals The sequence of life events of Russian men serving and not serving in the military

2015 ◽  
pp. 97-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Mitrofanova ◽  
Alyona Artamonova
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Parental Home ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
First Child ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Military ◽  
First Job

Using two representative Russian surveys – “Person, Family, Society” (used for building research models) and “Russian monitoring of the economic condition and health of the population” (for auxiliary, descriptive analysis) – we analysed the differences in the life courses of Russian men who served and did not serve in the army. For these two groups of men, we compared the ages and sequences of the most important first events (separation from the parental home, first job, obtaining an education, first cohabitation, first marriage, and first child). We constructed socio-demographic “portraits” of these men at the age of 15 and at the moment of the survey (2013). Our results revealed that those men who served in the military have more socio-economic and demographic events than those who avoided military service: men with military experience start adult life earlier and more intensively. The mechanism of selecting men for military service has changed since the 1990s. Men who serve are mainly children of parents without higher education and not occupying senior positions in the period of their children’s socialisation. After completing] military service, men often work and live separately, while those who did not serve in the army study and live with their parents.

scholarly journals Sperm protein markers for Holstein bull fertility at National Artificial Insemination Centers in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 947-955
Author(s):  
Zulfi Nur Amrina Rosyada ◽  
Mokhamad Fakhrul Ulum ◽  
Ligaya I. T. A. Tumbelaka ◽  
Bambang Purwantara
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Sperm Protein ◽  
Sperm Proteins ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Holstein Bulls

Background and Aim: Holstein cows and heifers are widely bred in Indonesia by artificial insemination (AI) to increase population and milk production. Sperm fertility is modulated by genetic factors, but the analysis of sperm quality is still based on macro- and microscopic characteristics. This study aimed to analyze both sperm quality and proteins of Holstein bulls at different fertility levels. Materials and Methods: The frozen semen samples were collected from the Indonesia National AI Center. They were classified based on the reproductive efficiency data and were grouped into high fertile (HF) and low fertile (LF). Sperm qualities were evaluated by microscopic evaluation. The Holstein sperm proteins were extracted using phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride as a protease inhibitor and the benzidine detergent extraction method. Discontinuous sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was conducted to analyze the molecular weights (MWs) of the sperm proteins. The data obtained were analyzed by a t-test using the one-factor bull fertility level, and Spearman's correlation analysis was used to identify the correlation between the sperm microscopic evaluation parameters and protein bands. Results: The sperm motility post-freeze thawing was not significantly different between the HF and LF (p>0.05). The HF level had a higher percentage of viability, intact plasma membrane integrity, and intact acrosomes than the LF (p<0.05). Five protein bands were found in the SDS-PAGE of sperm proteins of Holstein bulls with different concentrations. Sperm proteins with MWs of 17.51 kDa, 14.87 kDa, 33.71 kDa, and 41.97 kDa were abundant in the Holstein bulls with an HF level, while 55 kDa proteins were abundant in the LF level of Holstein bulls. The sperm of Holstein bulls in the HF level contained proteins of about 33.71 kDa that were not detected in the LF. Conclusion: The sperm protein with a molecular weight of 33.71 kDa was predicted to be a specific protein biomarker that influences bull fertility. Sperm fertilization abilities were also determined by the sperm proteins, the morphology of sperm acrosomes, and the quality of plasma membranes. This method can be used to select bulls with high fertility to increase the population of Holstein bulls.

Decomposing the Effect of Women Educational Status on Fertility Across the Six Geo-political Zones in Nigeria: 2003-2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tubosun Alex Olowolafe
Keyword(s):  
Educational Status ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North East ◽  
Fertility Variation ◽  
Fertility Differentials

Abstract Background: High level of fertility has been consistently reported in Nigeria. Women education is often identified as one of the important factors that have contributed to reduction in fertility across countries. It is essential to identify the factors that explain the fertility variation in educational status and know the extent of association of these factors across the regions in Nigeria. Thus, this study aimed to examine the fertility differentials among uneducated and educated women in Nigeria.Methods: A cross-sectional population-based design which involved secondary data analyses of the weighted sample of 2003 (n1=7620), 2008 (n2=33385), 2013 (n3=38948) and 2018 (n4=41821) Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey data sets was used. Fertility was measured from information on the full births history of women aged 15-49 years. Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition was used to identify factors that explain fertility differentials among educated and not educate women (α=0.05).Result: Total fertility rate estimate was higher among uneducated women (6.7) than educated women (4.5) in 2018. The pattern was similar across the regions and survey periods. The mean children ever born among women aged 45-49 years was significantly higher among the uneducated than educated women in each of the survey year. Maternal age at first marriage, wealth index and age at first birth were contributory factors to the dissimilarities found in fertility between the educated and uneducated women. Risk difference (RD) of high fertility between uneducated-educated women was highest in South-East (RD=56.9; 95%CI=49.1-64.8) and least in North-East (RD=15.0; 95%CI=9.9-20.1).Conclusion: The fertility level in Nigeria was high but more prominent among the uneducated than educated. Improving the level of educational enrolment of women of reproductive age will facilitate reduction in the fertility rate in Nigeria.

Population, Environment, and Women’s Issues

2002 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
World Population ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
The World

Ultimately, the necessity to supply food, energy, habitat, infrastructure, and consumer goods for the ever-growing population is responsible for the demise of the environment. Remedial actions for pollution abatement, and further technological progress toward energy efficiency, development of new crops, and improvements in manufacturing processes may help to mitigate the severity of environmental deterioration. However, we can hardly hope for restoration of a clean environment, improvement in human health, and an end to poverty without arresting the continuous growth of the world population. According to the United Nations count, world population reached 6 billion in mid October 1999 (1). The rate of population growth and the fertility rates by continent, as well as in the United States and Canada, are presented in Table 14.1. It can be seen that the fastest population growth occurs in the poorest countries of the world. Despite the worldwide decrease in fertility rates between 1975–80 period and that of 1995–2000, the rate of population growth in most developing countries changed only slightly due to the demographic momentum, which means that because of the high fertility rates in the previous decades, the number of women of childbearing age had increased. Historically, the preference for large families in the developing nations was in part a result of either cultural or religious traditions. In some cases there were practical motivations, as children provided helping hands with farm chores and a security in old age. At present the situation is changing. A great majority of governments of the developing countries have recognized that no improvement of the living standard of their citizens will ever be possible without slowing the explosive population growth. By 1985, a total of 70 developing nations had either established national family planning programs, or provided support for such programs conducted by nongovernmental agencies; now only four of the world’s 170 countries limit access to family planning services. As result, 95% of the developing world population lives in countries supporting family planning. Consequently, the percentage of married couples using contraceptives increased from less than 10% in 1960 to 57% in 1997.

Has the long-predicted decline in consanguineous marriage in India occurred?

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 746-755
Author(s):  
Nutan Kumari ◽  
Alan H. Bittles ◽  
Prem Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Family Health ◽  
State Level ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Consanguineous Marriage ◽  
World Population ◽  
Health Profile ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Southern States ◽  
National Family ◽  
Education And Employment

AbstractTo an extent the question posed in the title of this paper can simply be answered in the affirmative. Based on the extensive data available from the National Family Health Survey-1 (NFHS-1) conducted in 1992–93 and NFHS-4 in 2015–16 there has been a significant overall decline of some 19% in the prevalence of consanguineous marriage in India. However, when examined at state level the picture is more complex, with large reductions in consanguinity in southern states where intra-familial marriage previously has been strongly favoured, whereas in some northern states in which close kin unions traditionally have been proscribed small increases were recorded. In a country such as India, comprising an estimated 18% of the current world population and with multiple ethnic, religious, geographical and social sub-divisions, apparently contrary findings of this nature are not unexpected – especially given the major shifts that are underway in family sizes, in education and employment, and with rapid urbanization. The changing health profile of the population also is an important factor, with non-communicable diseases now responsible for a majority of morbidity and premature mortality in adulthood. The degree to which future alterations in the prevalence and profile of consanguineous marriage occur, and at what rate, is difficult to predict – the more so given the markedly diverse cultural identities that remain extant across the Sub-Continent, and ongoing intra-community endogamy.

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