scholarly journals A Study of Investment Behaviour in Pakistan, 1962-70

1976 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashid Amjad
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Important Influence ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
The West ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Investment Behaviour

The purpose of this paper is to test how far investment by individual firms was related to profits and to sales in Pakistan in the sixties, and to explore in particular how the relationship differed between the first and second halves of the decade. These periods correspond roughly to the Second FivelYear Plan (1960/61 to 1964/65) and the Third Five Year Plan (1965/66 to 1969-70). Between these two periods, 'boom' gave way to 'stagnation' and the availability of loans to firms on favourable terms shrank considerably. These loans had an important influence on the financing of investment and the behaviour of firms in Pakistan, where the institutional framework was very different from that of a market economy of the advanced industrial countries in the West.

scholarly journals MANJU NOBLE AND WEST: PRINCE HOŠOI DELENGGE FAMILY

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
А. Kaihe ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Life Experience ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Western Civilization ◽  
The West ◽  
Personal Learning ◽  
The Third ◽  
Academic Achievements ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

There is limited research on the relationship between the Manju aristocrats in the Ch’ing Empire and the West. As the only family in the Ch’ing Empire that continued to focus on Western academic research, the emergence and existence of the Hošoi Delengge Family and the continued cognition and understanding of the Manju Group and the absorption of Western civilization in the history of the Ch’ing Empire should have special era significance and historical reference value. At a time when the research on the history of the relationship between officials and merchants in the coastal Han people and Westerners in the Ch’ing has attracted much attention, the author of this article argues that it is necessary to select Yihui, the third-generation owner of his family, as the research object, and investigate his life experience and personal learning. It analyzes the specific thoughts and academic achievements embodied in the process of understanding Western civilization, combining family history documents and official documents to draw a relatively complete image of the Manju aristocracy who actively learns and absorbs Western civilization. Investigate the formation and development of a handful of academic families among the Manju aristocrats who are minority of foreign races.

Smoke Screen

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory L. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Social Structures ◽  
Relative Role ◽  
The West ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetles ◽  
The Third ◽  
First Case ◽  
Fire Activity ◽  
Pine Beetles ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter presents three cases that illustrate how the underlying drivers of wildland-urban interface (WUI) wildfires frequently mischaracterize the relative role of ecological and social structures of influence. The first case explores the rather unscientific origins of the term firestorm and the credibility it is afforded as a legitimate fire classification through its normative use and acceptance in mainstream fire discourse. This process diminishes the very social and profitable origins of the WUI fire problem and naturalizes these areas as a hazardous by-product of larger, exogenous, and inviolable environmental forces such as climate change. The second case examines recent efforts to study and explain the relationship between mountain pine beetles and fire activity in the western United States. The third case describes the deeply political and protracted process of challenging the economically powerful wood shingle and cedar shake industry. Collectively all three cases illustrate how contemporary discourses on fire tend to truncate the scope of what counts (or is allowed to be brought to the debate table) as an underlying driver of increased fire activity in the West.

scholarly journals DISKURSUS NASIONALISME DAN DEMOKRASI PERSPEKTIF ISLAM

UNIVERSUM ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zetty Azizatun Ni’mah
Keyword(s):  
Political Thought ◽  
The West ◽  
Democratic Ideal ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Islam And Democracy

Nationalism and democracy as a political thought brought by the West raises various intellectual responses in the world of Islam, created the idea of pros and cons that have no end to be discussed. The pro assume that the idea of nationalism and democracy even if brought by the West turns its values can be adjusted to Islam, otherwise the opponent assumes ism brought by the West is aiming to dominate the Islamic world, various of arguments they put forward to respond to the two political thought. There is some debate over the relationship between Islam and democracy, appeared three different camps among Muslims. The first stronghold represented by those who explicitly reject the concept of democracy in any form. The second camp is represented by those who accept democracy based approach Normative that Islam contains elements of a democratic ideal. The most popular argument is the doctrine of shura baseline drawn from several passages in the Qur’an. The third are those who stand midway between receive and reject some aspects of democracy.Keywords; Nationalism, Democracy, Islamic Perspective

scholarly journals Atomic Individual and Relational Individual: The Bases of the Formation of Subjectivity in the West and China

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (69) ◽  
pp. 1109-1138
Author(s):  
Antonio Florentino Neto
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Natural Consequence ◽  
Western Tradition ◽  
The West ◽  
Western Values ◽  
China Today ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Intense Debate

The purpose of this analysis is to point out some elements of the Western tradition, as opposed to elements of the Eastern tradition, which enable us to better understand the possible consequences of China's unconditional assimilation of these fundamental aspects of the Western tradition. In this direction, I anticipate the main purpose of this text, which is, in my view, to explain the reasons why it is not possible for China to simply assume Western “values” as a natural consequence of opening up to the market economy, without having to give up of what makes it what it is. The task, therefore, is to think about the relationship between modernity and tradition in China today, based on a certain conception of “modernity”, without disregarding, but also, without problematizing, the intense debate that has already occurred around the question itself.

Introduction

1980 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy S. Alitto
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Modernization Theory ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The West ◽  
The Third ◽  
Western Influence ◽  
The Third World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Full Maturity

A major issue in modernization theory, and in the study of the relationship between the expanding West and the “Third World,” has been the dynamism or lack of dynamism present in the indigenously idiosyncratic patterns of non-Western cultures. The concept of modernization was born and bred in the West, and seems to have reached full maturity in the late 1950s under the tender care of American social scientists. The bulk of the literature it generated assumed that modernizing cultures, following the West in their patterns of development, would become increasingly alike and eventually “converge.” Although Marxist theories of imperialism do not see Western influence as an unmitigated good, they too view the Third World nations as essentially passive.

scholarly journals Between the arch and the basket: Queer notes on heterocentric indigenous people in museums and Museology

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-65
Author(s):  
Jean Baptista
Keyword(s):  
Queer Theory ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
The West ◽  
Historical Society ◽  
Theoretical Relationship ◽  
Field Museum ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ways Of Thinking ◽  
The Relationship

This paper is dedicated to presenting four notes taken from my field and research notebooks on the relationship between museums, museology and indigenous sexualities dissenting from the western heterosexual matrix. Above all, it seeks to promote a theoretical relationship between LGBT Museology and Indigenous Museology, as well as other ways of thinking about museums related to indigenous peoples. The first note deals with the anti-object of the heterocentered indigenous, that is, the way of understanding the original peoples without sexual dissent from the heterosexual matrix of the West; the second presents the historical contributions about the invention of indigenous sexual dissidences, discussing from colonial records about the ruptures imposed on indigenous societies with regard to the colonization of their se xualities; the third presents the solid basis of the theoretical field of Sociomuseolgia where it would be possible to think of an Indigenous Museology from its intersection with the LGBT Museology; finally, it analyzes some of the main experiences of indigenous outings carried out in the Peruvian Travesti Museum, in the Americans GLBT Historical Society and Field Museum and in the headquarters of the SOMOSGay group, in Paraguay, indicating, with this, cases where the relationship between sexual dissidents, indigenous peoples and Museology were problematized in an efficient or promising way. At the same time, I question the power and possible paths of an LGBT Museology intersected with an Indigenous Museology. This relationship is justified by the need to overcome the violent colonial inheritances that the process of inventing indigenous sexual dissidences has left today. Keywords: Indigenous people; Museology; LGBT; Queer Theory

Contemporary Qur'anic Studies in Iran and its Relationship with Qur'anic Studies in the West

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-72
Author(s):  
Morteza Karimi-Nia
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
The West ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Religious Learning ◽  
The Status ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The status of tafsīr and Qur'anic studies in the Islamic Republic of Iran has changed significantly during recent decades. The essay provides an overview of the state of Qur'anic studies in Iran today, aiming to examine the extent of the impact of studies by Western scholars on Iranian academic circles during the last three decades and the relationship between them. As in most Islamic countries, the major bulk of academic activity in Iran in this field used to be undertaken by the traditional ʿulamāʾ; however, since the beginning of the twentieth century and the establishment of universities and other academic institutions in the Islamic world, there has been increasing diversity and development. After the Islamic Revolution, many gradual changes in the structure and approach of centres of religious learning and universities have occurred. Contemporary advancements in modern sciences and communications technologies have gradually brought the institutions engaged in the study of human sciences to confront the new context. As a result, the traditional Shīʿī centres of learning, which until 50 years ago devoted themselves exclusively to the study of Islamic law and jurisprudence, today pay attention to the teaching of foreign languages, Qur'anic sciences and exegesis, including Western studies about the Qur'an, to a certain extent, and recognise the importance of almost all of the human sciences of the West.

JOHN LOUIS ESPOSITO TENTANG DIALOG PERADABAN ISLAM-BARAT

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moh. Salman Hamdani
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Entry Point ◽  
The West ◽  
Strong Bond ◽  
Historical Fact ◽  
Muslim Intellectuals ◽  
Abrahamic Religions ◽  
Cultural Dialogue ◽  
The Relationship

This paper aims to provide explanation about John Louis Esposito’s insights on therelationship between Islam and The West. The relationship is a fluctuative one, some tensionsand even open conflict may occur. Some events become the entry point to the relationship, forinstance, the crusades that is not only happened physically but also, through this war, the meetingbetween Islam and The West establishes inter cultural dialogue among them.John Louis Esposito’s views on the relationship between Islam and The West ispositioned in view of some Muslim intellectuals and orientalists to emphasize its originality. Theintellectual positions do not put it on pros or cons side in the context of the relationship betweenIslam and The West.Historically, the relationship between Islam and The West actually has a theologicallystrong bond that there is common ground and similarities between Islam and The West. Islamand The west are inherited with Jewish and Christian traditions. Islam like Christianity andJudaism are religions ‘of the sky’ that are allied in Abrahamic religions. Therefore, according toJohn L. Esposito, based on historical fact, there were a real strong bond between Islam and theWest and it started centuries ago .

Rola Avarského Kaganátu Pri Vzniku Slovenčiny

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-236
Author(s):  
Martin Braxatoris ◽  
Michal Ondrejčík
Keyword(s):  
Slavic Language ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Danube Region ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
North Edge ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Slovak Language

Abstract The paper proposes a basis of theory with the aim of clarifying the casual nature of the relationship between the West Slavic and non-West Slavic Proto-Slavic base of the Slovak language. The paper links the absolute chronology of the Proto-Slavic language changes to historical and archaeological information about Slavs and Avars. The theory connects the ancient West Slavic core of the Proto-Slavic base of the Slovak language with Sclaveni, and non-West Slavic core with Antes, which are connected to the later population in the middle Danube region. It presumes emergence and further expansion of the Slavic koiné, originally based on the non-West Slavic dialects, with subsequent influence on language of the western Slavic tribes settled in the north edge of the Avar Khaganate. The paper also contains a periodization of particular language changes related to the situation in the Khaganate of that time.

How to Define the Czechoslovak Underground

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Barbara Bothová
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
The State ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The West ◽  
State Security ◽  
The Third ◽  
Key Events

What is an underground? Is it possible to embed this particular way of life into any definition? After all, even underground did not have the need to define itself at the beginning. The presented text represents a brief reflection of the development of underground in Czechoslovakia; attention is paid to the impulses from the West, which had a significant influence on the underground. The text focuses on the key events that influenced the underground. For example, the “Hairies (Vlasatci)” Action, which took place in 1966, and the State Security activity in Rudolfov in 1974. The event in Rudolfov was an imaginary landmark and led to the writing of a manifesto that came into history as the “Report on the Third Czech Musical Revival.”

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