scholarly journals Ground Flaxseed – How Safe is it for Companion Animals and for Us?

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Ivan Lindinger
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Scientific Opinion ◽  
Blood Cyanide ◽  
Ground Flaxseed ◽  
Daily Serving

EFSA released the 89-page Scientific Opinion “Evaluation of the health risks related to the presence of cyanogenic glycosides in foods other than raw apricot kernels”. This opinion, and the ensuring media coverage, has left uncertainty in the minds of consumers, feed and supplement manufacturers and flaxseed producers of how much ground flaxseed can safely be consumed without crossing the threshold of cyanide toxicity. This editorial updates the science and tries to bring clarity to the question “how much flaxseed can I safely feed my dog, cat, horse on a daily basis?” and “how much can I safely eat?” The great majority of ground flaxseed products have a cyanogenic glycoside content of less than 200 mg / kg seed. For people, consuming 30 grams of such flaxseed the average peak blood cyanide concentration will be about 5 µmole / L, much less than the toxic threshold value of 20 to 40 µmole / L favoured by EFSA.  Thus, as much as 120 grams of crushed / ground flaxseed can be consumed by a 70 kg adult person before a toxic threshold of 40 µmole / L is reached (up to 1.7 grams ground flaxseed / kg body weight). The toxic threshold of cyanide for dogs is 2 to 4-fold greater than for humans, and unknown for cats and horses. The daily serving amounts for dogs and cats are about 0.23 grams / kg body mass per day, which will result in blood cyanide well below the toxic threshold. The highest recommended daily serving amount for horses is 454 grams per day, or 0.8 to 2 grams per kg / body mass depending on mass of the horse. This amount for horses should not be exceeded.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Social-Network-Based eHealth Intervention on the Improvement of Healthy Habits among Children

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Alberto Benítez-Andrades ◽  
Natalia Arias ◽  
María Teresa García-Ordás ◽  
Marta Martínez-Martínez ◽  
Isaías García-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Habits ◽  
Ehealth Intervention

This study shows the feasibility of an eHealth solution for tackling eating habits and physical activity in the adolescent population. The participants were children from 11 to 15 years old. An intervention was carried out on 139 students in the intervention group and 91 students in the control group, in two schools during 14 weeks. The intervention group had access to the web through a user account and a password. They were able to create friendship relationships, post comments, give likes and interact with other users, as well as receive notifications and information about nutrition and physical activity on a daily basis and get (virtual) rewards for improving their habits. The control group did not have access to any of these features. The homogeneity of the samples in terms of gender, age, body mass index and initial health-related habits was demonstrated. Pre- and post-measurements were collected through self-reports on the application website. After applying multivariate analysis of variance, a significant alteration in the age-adjusted body mass index percentile was observed in the intervention group versus the control group, as well as in the PAQ-A score and the KIDMED score. It can be concluded that eHealth interventions can help to obtain healthy habits. More research is needed to examine the effectiveness in achieving adherence to these new habits.

Capturing Cruelty

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon T. Grugan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
News Media ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
General Public ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
The United States ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Print News ◽  
Nonhuman Animals

AbstractThe news media has long been identified as one of the primary sources for factual crime information for the general public, but not much is known about media coverage of cruelty against nonhuman animals, specifically. This study is a content analysis of media-presented themes in 240 print news articles that reported incidents of cruelty against companion animals in the United States in 2013. Seven thematic presentations of cruelty are identified and include: neutrality, condemnation, sympathy for the animal, drama, advocacy, humor, and sympathy for the offender. These themes are not mutually exclusive, with many articles including aspects of more than one theme. Themes are discussed in detail in regard to expanding the understanding of how specific forms of crime are presented by the news media based in news-making criminology.

Understanding feline emotions: … and their role in problem behaviours

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Heath
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Equal Importance ◽  
Problem Behaviours ◽  
Understanding Emotions

Practical relevance: Despite its importance, emotional health is a subject that is sadly neglected in the context of companion animals. Understanding emotions is at the heart of veterinary behavioural medicine and is key to preventing, managing and treating reported behavioural problems in domestic cats. Clinical challenges: On a daily basis, veterinary practices are presented with the physical health impact of emotional health and with emotionally motivated behaviours that are undesirable to owners and/or detrimental to the cat. Emotional health is of equal importance to physical health and lies at the very core of veterinary medicine. Clinically, the emotional motivation for a behaviour must be identified before an assessment is made of whether the motivation is contextually appropriate and whether the cat’s response is justified and normal, or abnormal in the circumstances. Evidence base: The majority of referenced evidence for our understanding of emotional motivations in mammals has come from the human field, but recently there has been increasing interest in the emotional health of non-human animals and a resulting growth in research. This review draws on the published literature and the author’s personal experience to explore how emotions can influence feline behaviours. Global importance: Understanding the importance of emotional health is a major factor in ensuring positive welfare for cats, wherever they are kept as companion animals. It impacts on their physical health and their quality of life, and also on the relationship between cat and owner.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Objectively Measured Weekly Physical Activity of Adolescent Boys

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (84) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edita Maciulevičienė ◽  
Rita Sadzevičienė ◽  
Rita Gruodytė
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Activity Monitors ◽  
The World ◽  
Weekly Physical Activity ◽  
Objectively Measured

Research background and hypothesis. The objective methods for measuring PA are used more and more widely in various research studies all over the world. To our best knowledge, this pilot study is the first attempt in Lithuania to objectively assess physical activity of adolescents with an ambition to develop a more accurate methodology in assessing physical activity. Research aim of this study was to analyze the objectively measured weekly physical activity results of adolescent boys.Research methods. The PA of schoolboys was measured using Tri-axis ActiTrainer Activity Monitors. Boys were asked to wear the monitors for the whole week. The level of the intensity of PA was determined by calculating energy consumption in METs. Based on the frequency of vigorous  and moderate PA per week, the participants of this study were devided into PA groups. Research results. All of the schoolboys experienced LPA on each of the assessed days. MPA on each day was experienced by 59.6 % of the boys. No participants achieved VPA on a daily basis. The frequency of MPA and VPA experienced most often was 5–7 and 1–3 days per week, respectively. The total PA measured during the week was largely comprised by LPA, i. e. 79.8%; MPA and VPA were 18.8 and 1.4%, respectively.Discussion and conclusion. Boys who achieve VPA, have a greater total PA during the week than those boys who do not experience VPA. If boys achieve VPA on more than 2 days during the week, even if it is just for 10 min, there is a significant increase in the total amount of weekly PA as well as a decrease in their body mass index (BMI). Boys’ who do not experience MPA at least for 6 days/week, the total amount of weekly PA decreases.Keywords: PA frequency, PA intensity, PA volume.

scholarly journals “Dekanesa” i “dekanica” – normativni status / “Dekanesa” and “dekanica” – normative status

2019 ◽  
pp. 255-271
Author(s):  
Belkisa Dolić
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Semantic Group ◽  
Faculty Leader ◽  
The One ◽  
Normative Status ◽  
Standard Word

Given that on a daily basis, both in the work environment and in media coverage, we witness the usage of three forms (dekan, dekanica, dekanesa) to denominate a female person as a faculty leader, of which only one is standard (the one in the so-called generic masculine form), we realized the need to nominate the form dekanica for standard word status in a subsequent normative handbook of the Bosnian language. We are encouraged by the established linguistic practice, the Law on Gender Equality in BiH (2010), the treatment of other members of the semantic group of academic titles / occupations / vocations / functions in the normative books of the Bosnian standard language of recent date, as well as the ever increasing frequency of the form dekanesa in public discourse, which is not acceptable for the Bosnian language for several reasons.

scholarly journals Selected nutritional habits of teenagers associated with overweight and obesity

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Zalewska ◽  
Elżbieta Maciorkowska
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
School Students ◽  
Nutritional Habits

Introduction A balanced diet is at the heart of healthy growth and development of children and youth, whereas inappropriate eating habits considerably influence the incidence of disorders connected with nutrition, including overweight and obesity. This paper aims at studying nutritional factors of 18-year-old secondary school youth in the urban environment and their effect on the incidence of overweight and obesity. Materials and methods The survey was conducted among 1,999 secondary school students chosen at random. The research tool consisted an original survey questionnaire. The measurements of respondents’ height and body mass provided data for calculating the body mass index. Results and conclusion The percentage of youth with deficient body mass was estimated at 8.4%. The percentage of normal weight students in the surveyed group was estimated at 77.6%. Overweight and obesity characterized 14.0% of the total number. As many as 21.8% of overweight and obese respondents would eat one or two meals as opposed to 16.8% of normal weight students. Three-fourths of the surveyed students would eat breakfast regardless of their nutritional habits. Lunch is eaten by 52.9% of normal weight 18-year-olds and 46.1% of overweight and obese students. The analysis of mealtimes suggests that overweight and obese students would have their breakfast and dinner at later hours than the rest of the surveyed. More than half of the participating students failed to eat lunch (53.9%), and one in four students within this group resigned from supper. Girls would eat fruit and vegetables more frequently than boys several times a day. The percentage of persons in the surveyed groups who would eat fast foods on a daily basis was similar regardless of their nutritional status. Sweetened carbonated beverages would be drunk more often by overweight and obese boys (81.2%) as compared with boys with proper body mass (75.8%). The same type of beverages would be popular with two-thirds of girls, and this result was similar regardless of their nutritional status. About 44.2% of overweight and obese girls and 20% of girls with proper body mass attempted to lose weight, and 5.7% of boys tried to go on a diet. Eating limitations were declared by 16.5% of overweight and obese boys and ca. 3% of normal weight boys. Conclusion Within the surveyed group of youth, it was possible to indicate eating errors primarily consisting in irregular eating, too low a number of meals during the day, particularly skipping breakfast, which took place more frequently among overweight and obese students rather than normal weight ones. The survey points to the insufficient intake of vegetables and fruit as opposed to salty and sweet meals. It is essential to convey the knowledge on the causes of overweight and obesity as well as rules of a healthy diet as factors preventing civilization diseases.

News Media Coverage, Body Mass Index, and Public Attitudes about Obesity

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Douglas Evans ◽  
Jeanette M. Renaud ◽  
Douglas B. Kamerow
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
News Media ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Media Advocacy ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Societal Factors ◽  
Research Triangle

This study investigated change in and effects of exposure to news media coverage of the obesity epidemic. Investigators compared self-reported news media exposure between two Research Triangle Institute obesity surveys and examined interactions between exposure and body mass index (BMI) on beliefs about the causes of obesity and support for childhood obesity prevention. We found that higher exposure and BMI were each individually and in combination associated with beliefs about the causes of obesity and support for prevention. For instance, those with higher BMI and exposure were more likely to believe that societal factors cause obesity. This research has implications for media advocacy, social marketing, and policies to promote obesity prevention.

scholarly journals Public education: 12 years on

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 590-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Hart ◽  
Jill Phillipson
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Special Committee ◽  
Press Releases ◽  
The Public ◽  
Education Committee ◽  
The World ◽  
New Research

One of the main objectives of the College's Charter is “to promote public education”. The Public Education Committee, which was established in 1986, and is now a Special Committee of Council, has been actively promoting media coverage of College policy, materials for the general public, new research and information about good practice in psychiatry. A large part of the work of the Public Education Committee involves media activity, such as regular press releases, press conferences and responding on a daily basis to the growing number of media enquiries from all over the world.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic and psychiatric characteristics among homicide offenders in Serbia - the province of Vojvodina (1996-2005)

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 224-229
Author(s):  
Zoran Gajic ◽  
Jovan Milatovic ◽  
Boris Golubovic ◽  
Josip Dadasovic ◽  
Sladjana Ralevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Alcohol Addiction ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Psychiatric Status ◽  
Mental Competency ◽  
Preceding Period

Introduction. Recent studies have shown a growing correlation between violence and mental illness, but there is a higher risk of violent crimes only in certain cases of mental disorders. This study presents sociodemographic and psychiatric characteristics of homicide offenders in Serbia, in the Province of Vojvodina in a 10-year period (1996-2005). Material and Methods. The obtained data are based on performed forensic and psychiatric expert investigations of 154 homicide offenders in preceding period, considering sociodemographic data, personal history and current psychiatric status. Data were analyzed using the statistical John?s Macintosh programe. Results. The male offenders were in the great majority (92%) as well as a low level of education (87%). A positive history of criminal acts was found in 24% of the subjects. Minority of subjects (21%) consumed alcohol on a daily basis. At the time of committing the crimes, 57% of homicide offenders were under the influence of alcohol, and just 2% of other psychoactive substances. Among the offenders who had previously received psychiatric treatment (31.2%), the most frequent diagnosis was alcohol addiction (25%) and anxiety disorders (22.9%). During the psychiatric examination 70.8% of the subjects were diagnosed with mental disorder: personality disorders (41%), alcohol addiction (84%), neurotic disorders (65%), schizophrenic psychosis (5.2%), affective disorders (3.2%), paranoid psychosis (2.6%), organic disorders (19%), psychoactive drug addiction (13%) and mental retardation (0.6%). Emotionally unstable personality disorder was dominant among personality disorders (55.6%). Diminished mental competency was established in 77.9% of subjects at the time of the homicide, being rather sever in most of them. All those diagnosed to have a psychotic disorder were mentally incompetent. Conclusion. Emotionally unstable disorders were the most common among the offenders who underwent forensic evaluation. A relatively low presence of psychotic disorders imposes the need for destigmatization particularly of the patients suffering from major mental illnesses.

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