scholarly journals Processing and Utilization of Tempe Liquid Waste to be Organic Fertilizer

Author(s):  
Okki Putra P ◽  
Wahyu Nursantoso ◽  
Fajar Adi N ◽  
Sigit Yunanda

The activities of KKN-Tematik program of Industrial Engineering Department conducted in Dukunanyar Village, Dukun Sub-district of Gresik Regency is to provide knowledge and implementation to Small and Medium Industry (IKM) tempe how to manage and utilize tempe liquid waste so as not to pollute the environment. Processing of tempe liquid waste using Adsorbtion method and filtering its function to neutralize liquid waste of tempe. Adsorption is a process of separating water from impurities by absorption of impurities such as fine particles, dissolved cations or odors contained in wastewater. The media used are zeloid stone, activated carbon and charcoal husk. Filtering is the process of irrigation or purification of water to produce clean water, free of odors, organic materials and inorganic materials contained therein. The media used are fibers, sand, and krikil. In addition to processing liquid waste tempe with adsorption method and filtering of liquid waste tempe can be utilized as Liquid Fertilizer Productive (PCP). Productive Liquid Fertilizer (PCP) is a way of utilizing tempe liquid waste with highorganic content to improve soil chemical properties to be better so that the productivity of the plant has increased. For materials used in the manufacture of Liquid Fertilizer is liquid waste tempe and fluid starter EM4. By using appropriate tools for liquid waste processing and utilization of tempe liquid waste into a productive Liquid Fertilizer (PCP) on an ongoing basis can create the integration of appropriate waste treatment, and environmentally friendly

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Zainudin Zainudin ◽  
Abdul Rofik

Palm oil is an export commodity of the plantation sector which began to develop rapidly in East Kalimantan with an area until 2017 reaching 1,192,342 Ha consisting of 284,523 Ha as plasma / smallholder plants, 14,402 Ha owned by SOEs as the core and 893,417 Ha owned by Large Private Plantation.Empty bunches (Tankos) are solid waste that is produced by palm oil mills in the process of managing palm fruit bunches into crude palm oil (CPO). In each processing 1 ton of fruit bunches will produce Tankos as much as 21-23%. Oil palm empty fruit bunches that are not managed properly will become waste that does not provide benefits. Compost technology using a local microorganism starter (MOL) can be used to produce quality organic fertilizer considering the process involves decomposing bacteria of organic ingredients. Compost technology from tankos waste is very possible to be developed, both at the level of farmers and private oil palm companies. This study aim to determine the potential of palm oil mill effluent (POME) as an bioactivator for composting oil palm empty fruit bunches, and to determine the chemical quality of oil palm empty fruit bunch compost with MOL bioactivator liquid waste as organic fertilizer. Through this research, it is expected that the palm oil mill's liquid waste can be utilized as a bioactivator for compost production and can be applied to the production of oil palm empty fruit bunch compost.This research was conducted for one year. The stages of the research are as follows: 1. Chemical analysis of POME waste, 2. Making LM POME, 3. Chemical analysis of LM POME, and 4. Making EFB Compost, and Chemical Analysis of oil palm empty fruit bunch compost. Compost making using randomized block design (RBD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications include: P0 = 0 ml / liter of water, P1 = 100 ml / liter of water, P2 = 300 ml / liter of water, P3 = 600 ml / liter of water, P4 = 900 ml / liter of water.The analysis showed that there was an increase in the chemical properties of POME after becoming an LM POME activator. Increased chemical properties such as phosphorus from 0.01 to 0.02, potassium from 0.19 to 0.27, and organic carbon from 0.90 to 1.30, but some chemical properties such as pH decreased from 7.20 to 3, 37 and nitrogen decreased from 0.37 to 0.05. The EFB compost analysis results showed that the highest pH was p2 with a value of 8.23, the highest organic C at p4 treatment with a value of 57.65, the highest total N at p3 with a value of 1.80, P2O5 the highest total at p3 with a value of 0.64, and the highest total K2O at p4 with a value of 2.68. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 286 ◽  
pp. 02010
Author(s):  
Penka Zlateva ◽  
Angel Terziev ◽  
Krastin Yordanov

The focus of the present study is a small biogas power plant for anaerobic fermentation of several types of animal waste raw materials used for biogas production. The impact of some of the characteristics of substances such as composition, temperature, humidity, and pH of the mixture in the bioreactor has been considered. The above is vital for optimizing the fermentation process, and also to improve the biogas production process. The plant is located in Northeastern Bulgaria and the raw liquid manure is supplied by several neighboring small farms. The annual quantities of raw waste are as follows: cow manure - 1252 t / a; chicken manure - 427 t / a and pig manure - 639 t / a. The manure is collected in a preliminary tank and then pumped to the bioreactor. The fermenter itself is a hermetically sealed and thermally insulated tank where constant temperature is maintained. It is equipped with a stirring system, which helps the mixing and homogenization of the substrate. The tests were performed during three charges of the installation. The fermentation takes approximately 23 up to 25 days. The experiments were performed during the summer and autumn seasons when the ambient air temperature varies from 28 to 45 °C. The biogas can be used as an energy carried as the obtained organic fertilizer is suitable for agriculture purposes.


2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Dhonny Suwazan ◽  
Nisa Nurhidayanti

ABSTRAKLogam berat merupakan salah satu bahan kimia berbahaya yang dapat menimbulkan bahaya bagi lingkungan dan makhluk hidup karena memiliki toksisitas yang tinggi dan tidak dapat terbiodegradasi sehingga menjadi bioakumulasi pada rantai makanan. Dalam limbah cair yang dihasilkan pada industri tekstil terdapat salah satu logam berat yaitu timbal (Pb) yang digunakan sebagai pengikat zat warna. Salah satu metode penghilangan logam berat pada limbah cair yaitu metode adsorpsi menggunakan biosorben. Biosorben yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah campuran antara kitosan dan karbon aktif dari ampas teh. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menentukan efektivitas penurunan konsentrasi Pb menggunakan adsorben alami dengan kombinasi kitosan dan ampas teh. Tahap awal dilakukan pengujian kandungan logam berat pada PT PXI dan diperoleh kandungan awal logam Pb sebesar 1,02 mg/L. Kemudian dilakukan sintesis adsorben hasil kombinasi kitosan dan karbon aktif dari ampas teh. Hasil karakterisasi diperoleh kadar karbon terikat sebesar 78,09%. Karakterisasi dilanjutkan untuk mengetahui sifat fisika dan kimia biosorben dilakukan menggunakan FTIR dan SEM-EDS. Hasil karakterisasi menggunakan FTIR didapatkan gugus fungsi O-H yang berperan dalam proses adsorpsi, hasil SEM-EDS menunjukan peningkatan kualitas struktur pori dan komposisi unsur dari kitosan yang telah di sintesis dengan ampas teh. Biosorben kombinasi kitosan dan karbon aktif dari ampas teh diaplikasikan sebagai adsorben dalam penghilangan logam berat Pb pada limbah industri tekstil PT PXI dengan variasi massa adsorben. Analisa konsentrasi Pb dilakukan menggunakan AAS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan penambahan karbon aktif ampas teh sebesar 1,4 gr menghasilkan persen efektivitas tertinggi dalam penghilangan logam berat Pb sebesar 90,6% dan dapat menurunkan konsentrasi hingga 0.1 mg/L sehingga dapat memenuhi baku mutu yang dipersyaratkan.ABSTRACTHeavy metal is one of the hazardous chemicals that can pose a danger to the environment and living things because it has high toxicity and cannot be biodegraded so that it becomes bioaccumulation in the food chain. In the liquid waste produced in the textile industry there is one heavy metal, namely lead (Pb) which is used as a dye binder. One method of removing heavy metals in liquid waste is the adsorption method using a biosorbent. The biosorbent used in this research is a mixture of chitosan and activated carbon from tea dregs. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of reducing Pb concentration using a natural adsorbent with a combination of chitosan and tea dregs. The initial stage was testing the heavy metal content of PT PXI, the initial Pb content was 1.02 mg/L. Then the synthesis of the adsorbent resulting from the combination of chitosan and activated carbon from tea dregs was carried out. The results of the characterization obtained bound carbon content of 78.09%. Characterization was continued to determine the physical and chemical properties of biosorbents using FTIR and SEM-EDS. The results of characterization using FTIR obtained O-H functional groups that play a role in the adsorption process, the SEM-EDS results showed an increase in the quality of the pore structure and elemental composition of chitosan that had been synthesized with tea dregs. Biosorbent combination of chitosan and activated carbon from tea dregs was applied as an adsorbent in the removal of heavy metal Pb in textile industry waste PT PXI with variations in adsorbent mass. Pb concentration analysis was carried out using AAS. The results showed that the addition of 1.4 g of tea dregs activated carbon produced the highest percentage of effectiveness in the removal of heavy metal Pb by 90.6% and could reduce the concentration to 0.1 mg/L so that it could meet the required quality standards. 


2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 600
Author(s):  
Eva Fathul Karamah ◽  
Ika Putri Adripratiwi ◽  
Linggar Anindita

Tofu industry wastewater is one of the environmental pollutants that need more effective treatment. Ozonation and adsorption method is known to have the capability to oxidize organic compound in wastewater. Adsorption is done by using granular activated carbon (GAC) as an adsorbent to increase tofu wastewater degradation process by adsorbing organic materials and increasing production of hydroxyl radical as the main oxidizing agent. This research is carried out to evaluate the performance of ozonation, adsorption, and combination of both in processing tofu wastewater. To evaluate the significance of ozone dosage and amount of GAC used, these variations are varied which are 60, 111, and 155 mg/h of ozone dosage and 50, 75, and 100 g of the amount of GAC used. Parameters of the process are organic substances of tofu wastewater such as COD, TSS, and pH. The measurements are being done using a spectrophotometer, colorimeter, and pH meter. The outcome of this research is to provide an alternative method in the liquid waste treatment of the tofu industry and the processed wastewater to meet the environmental quality standards. The more ozone and the more quantity of GAC used, the higher the quantity of hydroxyl radicals formed. Addition of GAC in the ozonation process results in more than 100% increase in hydroxyl radical production. Combination of ozonation and adsorption is able to remove 377.12 mg/L of COD and 26 mg/L of TSS.


2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Ika Lia Novenda ◽  
Pujiastuti Pujiastuti ◽  
Setyo Andi Nugroho

Cassava and soybean industry has a high level of waste production, and yet have the technology to reduce pollution. Industrial liquid waste is discharged directly into water bodies without any processing will occur blooming (deposition of organic material at disposal), the process of decay and growth of pathogenic microorganisms. These conditions cause the stench and disease organisms. So. The problem can be be solved by the cassava and soybean liquid waste be valuable end products a manner to manage it as an organic liquid fertilizer. This research aims to determine the influence of the environment (pH and temperature), BOD and nutrient content of C and N of the effect of industry concentration EM4 with tapioca waste and industrial waste tempe on the quality of liquid fertilizer. Liquid organic fertilizer conducted 4 weeks with different concentrations of each sample (K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6). Fertilizer conducted facultative anaerobes which provides a 10-liter bucket, the lid is provided with a hole size of 2 mm by 1 piece, and once a week conducted physical observations of fertilizer that is pH and temperature. week 4 BOD test, and test the nutrient content of Organic C and N Total. The results showed pH measurement 3rd week suffered the smallest pH of 4.1. Measurement of the temperature reached the peak temperature also on the 3rd week of 37oC. The BOD contained in the sample K4 at 4.6 mg / l and BOD lowest in K6 sample is 3.1 mg / l. Research shows Organic C content ranged from 4.32% to 4.92%, while the content of N-total ranged from 0.88% to 1.87%. From the research of the most good nutrient used as organic manure is sampled K6 (200 ml EM4 + 300 ml + 2500 ml Cassava Waste waste tempe).


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 374
Author(s):  
Suhairin Suhairin ◽  
Muanah Muanah ◽  
Earlyna Sinthia Dewi

ABSTRAKPembuatan tahu menghasilkan volume limbah yang cukup banyak terutama limbah cairnya. Limbah cair tahu ini mengandung protein tinggi yang mudah terurai dengan cepat. Cairan ini apabila dibuang ke lingkungan tanpa dilakukan pengolahan terlebih dahulu dapat menyebabkan bau busuk dan suasana yang tidak enak. Maka dari itu tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini untuk mengolah limbah cair tahu menjadi pupuk organik dengan cara fermentasi. Proses fermentasi membutuhkan waktu selama 14 hari dengan tambahan EM4, air kelapa, gula putih, dan air secukupnya. Semua bahan dicampur dan diaduk merata kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam wadah tertutup. Setelah dua minggu pupuk organik cair sudah dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pemupukan tanaman oleh masyarakat di desa Mertak Tombok Kabupaten Lombok Tengah.  Kegiatan ini melibatkan 15 orang mahasiswa KKN dan 12 orang masyarakat dikumpulkan dalam satu ruang siap menerima materi dan penjelasan. Bentuk evaluasi dilakukan secara berkala dengan melakukan kunjungan, memantau secara langsung proses fermentasi; dan pemanfaatan produk pupuk cair ini secara terbatas.Kata kunci: limbah cair tahu; fermentasi; pupuk organik cair. ABSTRACTMaking tofu produces a large volume of waste, especially liquid waste. Tofu liquid waste contains high protein which is easily broken down quickly. If this liquid is disposed of into the environment without treatment it can cause a bad smell and an unpleasant atmosphere. Therefore, the aim of this service is to process the tofu liquid waste into organic fertilizer by means of fermentation.The fermentation process takes 14 days with the addition of EM4, coconut water, white sugar, and enough water. All ingredients are mixed and stirred evenly then put in a closed container. After two weeks, the liquid organic fertilizer can be used for fertilizing plants by the community in Mertak Tombok village, Central Lombok Regency. This activity involved 15 KKN students and 12 community members gathered in one room ready to receive material and explanations. This form of evaluation is carried out periodically by conducting visits, directly monitoring the fermentation process; and limited use of this liquid fertilizer product. Keywords: Tofu liquid waste, fermentation, liquid organic fertilizer.


2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
David Khairullah Hadi ◽  
Reny Herawati ◽  
Widodo Widodo ◽  
Mukhtasar Mukhtasar ◽  
Helfi Eka Saputra ◽  
...  

[RESPONSE OF GROWTH AND YIELD OF FIVE RICE HYBRID GENOTYPE ON THE ORGANIC FERTILIZER OF PALM OIL BUNCHES ON ULTISOL]. Oil Palm Bunches (OPB) are solid waste potential as organic fertilizer to improve soil physical, biological and chemical properties, especially on ultisol soils for rice development. This research was conducted in August - November 2019 in Padang Harapan, Bengkulu City. The materials used were F1 rice seeds, OPB organic fertilizer. The experimental design was a factorial Randomized Completely  Block Design (RCBD) with 2 factors. The first factor was 5 hybrid genotypes (F1), namely, Kuning x Inpago5, Kuning x Inpago9, Kuning x Inpago6, Arang x Inpago8, and Kuning x Salumpikit. The second factor was the dosage of OPB, namely 0 (control), 10 tonnes/ha, 15 tonnes/ha, and 20 tonnes/ha, the experiment was repeated 3 times. The variables observed were plant height, number of productive tillers, flowering age, harvest age, the total number of fill grains, number of filled grains, number of empty grains, 1000 grain weight, and grain weight/hill. The results showed that there was an interaction between genotype and OPB on the number of tillers. The interaction between the Kuning x Salumpikit genotypes and 10 tonnes/ha of organic fertilizer produced the largest number of tillers. Genotype G3(Kuning x Inpago6) produced the best rice growth and yield. In this study, the optimum point for OPB fertilization on growth and yield of the five genotypes tested had not been obtained.


REAKTOR ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 168-171
Author(s):  
Maryudi Maryudi ◽  
Shinta Amelia ◽  
Siti Salamah

The colorant that is often used in the textile industry is methylene blue which is a cationic heterocyclic aromatic compound. This compound is very stable and is difficult to decompose naturally leading to environment in large concentrations. Therefore, a waste treatment technology to reduce the concentration of dye waste in water becomes importannt. So far, adsorption method with activated carbon remains the most efficient and effective technique in removing dyes from liquid waste due to its relatively large adsorption capacity. Activated carbon is one of the non-metallic mineral commodities or multipurpose industrial minerals, one of which is as an adsorbent or adsorbent media. This study aims to determine the potential of activated carbon in adsorbing methylene blue with variations in the concentration of methylene blue and particle size of activated carbon. The procedures in this experiment include, the preparation of activated carbon with size variations (20-60, 60-100 and> 100 mesh) and variations in the concentration of methylene blue (15 ppm, 30 ppm and 45 ppm) with contact time (0 to 180 minutes). From the results of the study, it was found that the smaller the size of activated carbon used, the greater the adsorption capacity, ie at mesh size> 100 mesh, the adsorption capacity was 9.8%. Whereas, the smaller the concentration of methylene blue, the activated carbon could work optimally at a concentration of 15 ppm at 30 minutes with adsorption capacity as high as 100%.Keywords: adsorption; Methylene Blue; activated carbon; concentration; time; particle size


Author(s):  
Arifin Arifin ◽  
Istiqamah Istiqamah ◽  
Sulaiman Hamzani

Abstract: Effectivity of waste water treatment installations in Hospital’s X Banjar Regency.Hospital’s X has a wastewater treatment Installations which began operating from the year 2008 – until now. The system uses the wastewater treatment Installations processing system for aerobic and anaerobic biological in a wastewater treatment process using media hive of bees to do the filtering. In the media there is a biofilm that attached to the media hive of bees to help the process of decomposition of organic and inorganic materials. This research aims to know the performance of waste water treatment installations in Hospital’s X  Banjar Regency. This type of research is descriptive, i.e. describe the performance measurement quality by doing the wastewater treatment Installations for parameters pH, temperature, BOD, COD, TSS, and free Ammonia (NH3-N) and compared with Regulation of South Kalimantan Governor number 04 in 2007 about the raw quality of liquid waste for the activities of the hospital. The research design used observation, interviews and measurements. Method of sampling used composite sampling. The results showed that the performance of the the wastewater treatment Installations at Hospital’s X still hasn't been fullest measurement results from the laboratory, the value of the measurement of BOD, COD, TSS and Ammonia free still not qualify. This is due to the existence of problems on aerobic processing, bak bak bak pengendap end, chlorination and a monitoring that is the abundance of mud that settles in the base of the tub because it never done drain the mud. Efforts to improve the performance of the the wastewater treatment Installations i.e. preferably done drain sludge routinely on the bak-bak processing every 6 months, installing blower manual in aerobic processing and adds additional equalization tubs. Keywords: Effectivity of the wastewater treatment Installations, waste water, hospital


Author(s):  
Bambang Rahadi Widiatmono

Cattle manure contains high organic matter, so that this material is commonly used as plant nutrients in a form of organic fertilizer. In order to get a better understanding on the use of cow manure, the objectives of this research are (1) to determine the influence of liquid waste and solid livestock as fertilizer on soil quality and (2) to study the effect of both liquid and solid fertilizer on coffee plant growth. In this research, Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was employed as a research design, while data analysis was conducted using ANOVA. The F statistical test was applied to measure whether all independent variables could influence the dependent variable by using 5% and 1% (Alpha) degrees. The results showed that one time application of livestock wastewater improved C-organic chemical properties, N, P, CEC, Ca and Mg while soil chemical properties of pH, K, Na decreased. Two times application of livestock liquid fertilizer treatment improved soil chemical properties pH, N total, Ca, Mg and saturation bases. As for solid waste, one time treatment increased chemical properties of pH, C organic, N total, Ca and saturation of the base. The two times treatment could improve soil chemical properties of pH, N. total, P, Ca, Mg, base number and base saturation. Liquid waste fertilizer also found to provide significant effect on plant height and coffee plants quality. Additionally, (3) solid waste (compost) was found to have a significant effect on plant height, plant height rate and number of buds.


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