The effect of Ethanol extract of Redi gedi leaves (Abelmoschus manihot L) on histological rat kidney urolithiasis model

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Irma Santi ◽  
Rahmawati . ◽  
Lili Tari
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Urolithiasis or kidney stones is disease symptoms caused by the presence of urinary sediment in the urinary tract. It can be observed histologically by investigating the presence of crystals and tissu damage  such as degeneration hydropis, hemorrhage, necrosis. The aim of  reseach to prove the effect of ethanol extract of red gedi leaves (<em>Abelmoschus manihot</em> L) on histological overview of white rat kidney (<em>Rattus norvegicus</em>) urolithiasis model. This reseach used 15 rat devided into 5 groups. Group 1 was the normal group; group 2 was induced ethylene glycol 0,75% and ammonium chloride 1 %; group 3,4 and 5 were a test group induced ammonium chloride 1 %; group 3,4 and 5 were a test ammonium chloride 0.75 % and 1 % and ethanol extract of red gedi leaves with succesive doses of 10 mg/kgBW, 20 mg/kgBW, 40 mg/kgBW. The data were analyzed statistically using Kruskal wallis test and Mann-Whitney’s advanced test. The result showed that the group of red gedi leaf extract with doses 40 mg/kgBW statically has the best effect as antiurolithiasis on the white rats

scholarly journals Pengaruh Vitamin D3 Terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin Tikus Wistar yang Dipapar Asap Rokok

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Hetti Rusmini ◽  
Dita Fitriani ◽  
Dessy Hermawan ◽  
Diah Adelia Emilda
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Not Given ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Hemoglobin is a tetrametric erythrocyte protein that carries O2 to the tissues and returns CO2 and protons to the lungs. Cigarette smoke is proven that could reduce hemoglobin levels through oxidative stress which causes the erythrocyte membrane to be easily lysed. The lysis erythrocyte membrane causes hemoglobin levels to be low. Vitamin D is included in natural antioxidants which have a neuroprotective tendency through antioxidative mechanisms. To determine the effect of giving vitamin D3 on hemoglobin levels in white rats (Rattus norvegicus) male Wistar strain after being exposed by cigarette smoke. This type of pure experimental research (tue-experiment) used pre and post with control group design. Samples were white rats (Rattus norvegicus) male Wistar strain aged 10-12 weeks with the weight of around 150-200 grams in a total of 24 individuals. Samples were divided into four groups including K1 which is not exposed by cigarette smoke and not given of vitamin D3, K2 is a group exposed by cigarette smoke but not given of vitamin D3, K3 is a group that is not exposed by cigarette smoke but given of vitamin D3 a dose of 0.2 µgr /head, P1 is a group exposed by cigarette smoke and given a vitamin D3 dose of 0.2 µgr /head. The test of paired t-test showed a significant difference p <0.05 in the K2 group with p = 0.044, the K3 group with p = 0.013, and P1 group with p = 0.037. Whereas in group 1 there was no significant difference p = 0.932. The One-way Anova test obtained results with a value of p = 0.027 (p <0.05) which means that there were significant differences between groups. The Post Hoc LSD test showed a significant difference in group 1 whit group 2 p = 0.025 and in group 2 with group 3 p = 0.012.

scholarly journals Measuring the Antioxidant Effect of Limnocharis Flava on Malondialdehyde Activities in Livers of Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
Yithro Serang ◽  
Virda Laili
Keyword(s):  
Test Group ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
White Rats ◽  
The One ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Group 1

Antioxidants are substances counteracting the effects of free radicals. Antioxidants are formed in several forms, encompassing vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals. Genjer or yellow velvet leaves (Limnocharis Flava) is an aquatic plant potentially beneficial alternative to natural antioxidants. This study aims to measure the antioxidant effect from the yellow velvetleaf ethanol extract on malondialdehyde (MDA) activities in livers of diabetic rats (Rattus novergicus) induced by alloxan in three different doses. The tested animals were randomly divided into five groups comprising six white rats previously induced with alloxan by intra-peritoneal injection. Group 1 was the negative control provided 0.5% CMC Na while group 2 was a positive control administered 0.45 mg glibenclamide. On the other hand, groups 3, 4, and 5 were the experimental groups that provided the extract of yellow velvetleaf as many as 32.5 mg/kg body weight (BW) ethanol, 65 mg/kg BW ethanol extract, and 130 mg/kg BW, respectively. Furthermore, the extracts were administered once on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days; the parameters observed were MDA activities in the rats’ livers. The Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARs) method was then employed to investigate these actions. The one-way ANOVA was administered to examine the acquired data from the examination, followed by a post hoc test. The average points of the MDA level from group 1 to group 5 were 10.78 0.33, 3.71 + 0.19, 7.25 + 0.26, 5.76 + 0.25, and 4.01 + 0.22, correspondingly, according to the results. The one-way ANOVA test revealed that MDA levels in each test group were significantly different (p 0.05). Based on these findings, it may be concluded that feeding ethanol extract from yellow velvet leaves to diabetic rats reduces MDA levels in their livers, therefore preserving cells from harm.

Influence of Removable Denture Cleaning Agents on Adhesion of Oral Pathogenic Microflora In Vitro: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 656-664
Author(s):  
I.R. Volchkova ◽  
A.V. Yumashev ◽  
V.V. Borisov ◽  
V.I. Doroshina ◽  
E.A. Kristal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Removable Dental Prostheses ◽  
Removable Denture ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Adhesion Index ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: Removable dentures are used by 20% of the population. These may be accompanied by denture stomatitis in 15-70% of patients. The choice of the optimal cleansing agent for removable dental prostheses is of high significance. Aim: The aim of our research was to study the influence of removable denture cleansing products on the adhesion of microorganisms and yeast. Materials and Methods: We manufactured 144 specimens of standardized round shape with a diameter of 10 mm from 4 types of modern polymeric materials used by prosthetic dentistry to produce removable dentures, 12 specimens of each material were placed into suspensions of bacterial cultures of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, then into “ClearaSept” (Test group 1), “Рrotefix active cleanser” (Test group 2), saline solution (Control group), followed by nutrient media. The adhesion index was calculated and analyzed. Results: There was no reliable lowering of adhesion index of Staphylococcus Aureus to all materials detected in Test group 1 (U=6, p>0.05 for Bio XS; U=8, p>0.05 for Dental D, Denotokeep Peek, Vertex Rapid Simplified). In Test group 2, the adhesion index of Staphylococcus Aureus reliably decreased to all materials compared to the Control group (U=0, p≤0.01). The adhesion index of Candida albicans and Escherichia coli to all materials in Test group 1 had a minor to moderate reliable reduction compared to the Control group (U=0, p≤0.01). Test group 2 showed a significant reliable decrease in Candida albicans and Escherichia coli adhesion index to all materials in comparison with the Control group (U=0, p≤0.01). Conclusion: The research showed an unreliable or minor and moderate reliable decrease in microorganisms adhesion index depending on the microorganism species after treatment of denture material specimens by antibacterial soap “ClearaSept” and a reliable significant decrease in microbial and yeast adhesion after application of Protefix active cleaner solution, which demonstrates a more significant antimicrobial effect in comparison to “ClearaSept” against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans.

scholarly journals KEBUGARAN FISIK SISWA RETARDASI MENTAL RINGAN SEKOLAH DASAR LUAR BIASA KUNCUP BUNGA DENPASAR LEBIH TINGGI SESUDAH MELAKUKAN PELATIHAN SENAM PINGUIN DARI PADA SENAM RIA ANAK INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Putu Eka Jaya ◽  
Nyoman Mangku Karmaya ◽  
Made Jawi ◽  
Wayan Weta ◽  
Ida Bagus Ngurah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Test Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Paired T Test ◽  
Group 1

Physical fitness is ability to perform the activity or activities without feeling tired excessively. Physical fitness associated with a person`s organs to carry out its tasks properly every day without experiencing significant fatigue. In a child’s mental retardation with a les mobile lifestyle that will affect his physical fitness. The purpose of this study to determine which type of gymnastic exercise better to the physical fitness on the students in Sekolah Dasar Luar Biasa Kuncup Bunga Denpasar.This research used experimental method using Randomized study Pre and Post Test Group Design. The subjects in this study were students in Sekolah Dasar Luar Biasa Kuncup Bunga Denpasar. There were 18 students which is divided into two groups: group-1 is senam penguins and group-2 is senam ria anak Indonesia. Data were obtained after a six-week training analyzed by paired t-test and unpaired t-test.The results of physical fitness test before training with Senam Penguins was 23.39 ± 1.69 and the test results after the training was 27.87 ± 3.28. the physical fitness test in group-2 before training with Senam Ria anak Indonesia was 22.69 ± 1.76 and the results after training was 24.64 ± 2.11. Paired t-test in both group before and after training showed significant differences after training in group-1 and group-2 with a value of p > 0.05 with an increase in physical fitness test results of (19.15) in group-1 and (8.64) in group-2. The percentage increase physical fitness test results of group-1 with senam penguins is higher than those in group-2 with senam ria anak Indonesia.So we can conclude that the training of senam penguin in Sekolah Dasar Luar Biasa Kuncup Bunga Denpasar improved the physical fitness test results higher than senam ria anak Indonesia.

scholarly journals UJI ANTIDIABETIK EKSTRAK ETANOL BUNGA PEPAYA (Carica papaya L.) TERHADAP TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN (Rattus norvegicus) YANG DIINDUKSI ALOKSAN

PHARMACON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Adinda Fransisca Pongoh ◽  
Edwin De Queljoe ◽  
Henki Rotinsulu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the antidiabetic activity of papaya flower ethanol extract (Carica papaya L.) against male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced by alloxan. This research is experimental. Fifteen rats were divided into 5 treatment groups, each group consisted of 3 rats. The first group was the negative control group given Aquades, the second group was positive control given Glibenklamid, the three groups were 200 mg dose variation groups, four groups were 400 mg dose variations, and the five groups were 800 mg dose variations. Previously, rats were examined fasting blood glucose levels, then mice were induced by an alloxan dose of 120 mg / kgBW intraperitoneally. On the 3rd day blood glucose levels were examined and then treated according to groups for 7 days, measurement of blood glucose levels after the treatment was carried out once every 3 days namely day 3, day 7, and day 10. Data obtained were then analyzed statistically using SPSS , including normality test (Shapiro-Wilk), homogeneity test (Levene), ANOVA test (One way). The results of this study indicate that Papaya Flower (Carica papaya L.) Ethanol Extract can provide the best blood glucose level reduction effect at a dose of 800 mg. Keywords : Antidiabetic, Papaya Flower Extract (Carica papaya L.), Diabettes Mellitus, Male White Rat (Rattus norvegicus), Aloxan.  ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas Antidiabetik Ekstrak Etanol Bunga Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) Terhadap Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus norvegicus) Yang Diinduksi Aloksan. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental. Sebanyak 15 ekor tikus dibagi ke dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan masing- masing kelompok terdiri dari 3 ekor tikus. Kelompok pertama kelompok Kontrol negatif yang diberikan Aquades, Kelompok kedua Kontrol Positif yang diberikan Glibenklamid, kelompok tiga kelompok variasi dosis 200 mg, kelompok empat kelompok variasi dosis 400 mg, dan kelompok lima kelompok variasi dosis 800 mg. Sebelumnya tikus dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar glukosa darah puasa, selanjutnya tikus diinduksi Aloksan dosis 120 mg/kgBB secara intraperitoneal. Pada hari ke 3 diperiksa kadar Glukosa darah kemudian diberikan perlakuan sesuai kelompok selama 7 hari, pengukuran kadar glukosa darah setelah perlakuan dilakukan 3 hari sekali yaitu hari ke 3, hari ke 7, dan hari ke 10. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan SPSS, meliputi uji normalitas (Shapiro-Wilk), uji homogenitas (Levene), uji ANOVA (One way). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Ekstrak Etanol Bunga Pepaya (Carica papaya L.)  dapat memberikan efek penurunan kadar glukosa darah yang paling baik yaitu pada dosis 800 mg. Kata kunci : Antidiabetik, Ekstrak Bunga pepaya (Carica papaya L.), Diabettes Mellitus, TikusPutih Jantan (Rattus norvegicus), Aloksan.

scholarly journals THE POSITIONAL RELEASE TECHNIQUE AND INFRARED INTERVENTION HAS NO SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE AS CONTRACT RELAX STRETCHING AND INFRARED INTERVENTION TO REDUCE PAIN IN HEADACHE DUE TO UPPER TRAPEZIUS MUSCLE TENSION ON EMPLOYEES

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Made Kristira Yanti ◽  
Ni Luh Nopi Andayani ◽  
I Putu Adiartha Griadhi
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Trapezius Muscle ◽  
T Test ◽  
Upper Trapezius ◽  
Release Technique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Upper Trapezius Muscle ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACTHeadache can be caused by increased tension in upper trapezius muscle. This headache is characterized bytrigger point and upper trapezius muscle tautband. The purpose of this study was to compare the positional releasetechnique and infrared interventions with contract relax stretching and infrared on the reduction of headache due toupper trapezius muscle tension. This study was experimental with pre and post-test group design designs of 24 peopledivided into two groups. Group 1 received positional release technique and infrared, while Group 2 received contractrelax stretching and infrared. The result of data analysis with paired sample t-test in Group 1 showed the average 2,242± 0,329 and p = 0,001, while Group 2 showed the average 2,225 ± 0,201 and p = 0,001. From the results of the analysisshowed in each group there is a significant reduction of pain. Based on independent samples test t-test between groups1 and 2 obtained p value = 0.882 (p> 0.05). It can be concluded that the positional release technique and infraredintervention has no significant difference as contract relax stretching and infrared to decreased headache due to uppertrapezius muscle tension.Keywords: Headache, upper trapezius muscle, positional release technique, contract relax stretching, infrared, VAS

Tear Initiation and Tear Propagation

1950 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Buist
Keyword(s):  
Test Piece ◽  
Maximum Shear Stress ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Discriminating Power ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Tear Propagation ◽  
Limiting Value ◽  
Group 1

Abstract (1) Both the crescent and angle tests are group (2) tests; therefore the width of the sample must fee taken into account when the tear resistance is being calculated. (2) There is one exception to the above, and that is the case of knotty tears in group (2) tests. When knotty tears occur, the test becomes a direct tear test [group (1)], and the width is no longer important. (3) When knotty tears occur with group (1) tests, the width must be considered for, in reality, the test has become a group (2) test. (4) Some rubbers exhibit fibering during tearing, and this is explained by the cohesive forces between fibers reaching a limiting value before the limiting value of the breaking strength of a fiber is reached. (5) Differences in the mechanism of tearing with different fillers have been noted. (6) Practical evidence of the existence of maximum shear stress in subsurface planes of the material has been obtained, and a mathematical solution for a simple case has been given. (7) The angle tear method is a combination of tear initiation and tear propagation, and can be regarded as complementary to the crescent test. It cannot be regarded as a replacement for the crescent test. (8) With certain rubber compounds the component of stress in the direction of pull is too high in the case of the angle test-piece. (9) It is suggested that the unnicked crescent be used in preference to the angle test-piece for tear initiation measurements, as the unnicked crescent test-piece has more discriminating power. (10) The same proportion of straight and knotty tears occurs with both the crescent and angle methods. (11) A preliminary evaluation of the I.G. tear cutter indicates that the fairest comparison with other methods requires a single slit to be inserted in the outside circumference of the ring.

Latent Learning in White Rats with and without Reinforcement by Presentation of Videotaped Stimuli

1978 ◽  
Vol 46 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1331-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Kahane ◽  
Robert J. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Albino Rats ◽  
Correlated Response ◽  
Latent Learning ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Group 1

The effect of videotaped presentation of a maze, with and without reinforcement during correct “trials,” was investigated to determine whether learning could occur without the correlated response being manifested. Three groups of 10, female albino rats of the Wistar strain, 120 days old, were employed. The stimuli were presented on a monitor during acquisition. Group 1 received the film and reinforcement during correct “trials” and performed significantly better than Group 2, which received the film but no reinforcement and Group 3 which received neither film nor reinforcement on test trials in the actual maze. Empirical and theoretical support were obtained for the notion that learning would occur without responding.

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