scholarly journals Pengaruh Vitamin D3 Terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin Tikus Wistar yang Dipapar Asap Rokok

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Hetti Rusmini ◽  
Dita Fitriani ◽  
Dessy Hermawan ◽  
Diah Adelia Emilda
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Not Given ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Hemoglobin is a tetrametric erythrocyte protein that carries O2 to the tissues and returns CO2 and protons to the lungs. Cigarette smoke is proven that could reduce hemoglobin levels through oxidative stress which causes the erythrocyte membrane to be easily lysed. The lysis erythrocyte membrane causes hemoglobin levels to be low. Vitamin D is included in natural antioxidants which have a neuroprotective tendency through antioxidative mechanisms. To determine the effect of giving vitamin D3 on hemoglobin levels in white rats (Rattus norvegicus) male Wistar strain after being exposed by cigarette smoke. This type of pure experimental research (tue-experiment) used pre and post with control group design. Samples were white rats (Rattus norvegicus) male Wistar strain aged 10-12 weeks with the weight of around 150-200 grams in a total of 24 individuals. Samples were divided into four groups including K1 which is not exposed by cigarette smoke and not given of vitamin D3, K2 is a group exposed by cigarette smoke but not given of vitamin D3, K3 is a group that is not exposed by cigarette smoke but given of vitamin D3 a dose of 0.2 µgr /head, P1 is a group exposed by cigarette smoke and given a vitamin D3 dose of 0.2 µgr /head. The test of paired t-test showed a significant difference p <0.05 in the K2 group with p = 0.044, the K3 group with p = 0.013, and P1 group with p = 0.037. Whereas in group 1 there was no significant difference p = 0.932. The One-way Anova test obtained results with a value of p = 0.027 (p <0.05) which means that there were significant differences between groups. The Post Hoc LSD test showed a significant difference in group 1 whit group 2 p = 0.025 and in group 2 with group 3 p = 0.012.

scholarly journals Tempe Flour Increase The Amount of Erythrocytes of White Male Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar Strain Induced by Cigarette Smoke

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
I Made Subhawa Harsa
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
White Male ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Hydroxide Radicals ◽  
Group 1

Cigarette smoke was one of the free radical sources for the body. Free radical contain in cigarette smoke were hydroxide radicals (•OH). Hydroxide radicals would cause erythrocytes damage. Antioxidants were substances that can prevent free radicals. Now, natural antioxidants source has developed, one of that is tempe because it contains antioxidants substances such as carotene, Vitamin E, isoflavone, and factor II antioxidants. The aim of this study is knowing the influence of giving tempe flour toward the amount of erythrocytes of white male rat (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain induced by cigarette smoke. The experiment used a post-test only-control group design method. The samples were white male rats Wistar strain aged of 3 to 4 months as much 30 rats with weight around 180-220 gram. The samples divided into three groups, that were control group (K1), treatment group 1 (K2), and treatment group 2 (K3), each group consists of 10 rats. Control group was not given any treatment, it only got a standard feed, treatment group 1 got treatment and it was induced by cigarette smoke. Furthermore, treatment group 2 got standard feed, it was induced by cigarette smoke and was given tempe. Analysis of data used one-way anova showed the significance p-value = 0,036 that was <α (0,05). The result showed giving tempe flour increase the amounts of erythrocytes of white male rat (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain which was induced by cigarette smoke. Keywords: cigarette smoke, free radicals, erythrocytes, antioxidants, tempe

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetics of a New Pharmaceutical Form of Vitamin D3 100,000 IU in Soft Capsule

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romuald Mentaverri ◽  
Jean-Claude Souberbielle ◽  
Gilles Brami ◽  
Christelle Daniel ◽  
Patrice Fardellone
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Oral Solution ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
New Formulation ◽  
Group 1

Vitamin D deficiency is frequent in the general population and both subjects and health professionals could benefit from a broader range of vitamin D3 formulations. We conducted a single-dose, open-label, parallel-group, randomized bioequivalence study to compare a single dose of a newly developed vitamin D3 100,000 IU in a soft capsule (Group 1) with the reference drug vitamin D3 100,000 IU oral solution in ampoule (Group 2) in healthy volunteers over a four-month period. The primary endpoint was the area under the curve (AUC) of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25(OH)D) concentrations on Day 112. This study was conducted in France from February to June 2014 in 53 young adults with a mean age of 26.9 years. At baseline, low mean serum 25(OH)D levels were observed in both groups (10.6 ng/mL in Group 1 and 9.0 ng/mL in Group 2). On Day 112, the AUC of serum 25(OH)D concentration was 2499.4 ± 463.8 nmol/mL (7.8 ± 0.2 for LogAUC) for Group 1 and 2152.3 ± 479.8 nmol/mL (7.6 ± 0.2 for LogAUC) for Group 2. Bioequivalence of the two treatments was not demonstrated. Superiority of vitamin D3 100,000 IU soft capsule was observed with p = 0.029 for AUC and p = 0.03 for LogAUC using a non-parametric Wilcoxon test. The profile of the serum 25(OH)D concentration showed a significant difference in favor of Group 1 on Days 1, 3, 7, 14 and 90. Mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations in Group 1 were between 20 and 30 ng/mL during the four-month period and under 20 ng/mL throughout the study in Group 2, except on Day 112. Mean Cmax for Group 1 was significantly higher (p = 0.002). Fourteen days were needed to reach Tmax by more than half the subjects in Group 1 compared to 45 days in Group 2. Both treatments were well tolerated, with no severe or related adverse events reported. In conclusion, the pharmacokinetic profile of the new formulation of vitamin D3 100,000 IU soft capsule is superior to that of the oral solution in ampoule. The new formulation increased serum 25(OH)D levels to above 20 ng/mL and maintained levels from 20 ng/mL to 30 ng/mL for four months in late winter and spring.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Aerobic Exercise on the Nasal Mucosa of Rats Against the Histopathologic Changes in Cigarette Smoke Exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (7) ◽  
pp. 453-459
Author(s):  
Özlem Akkoca ◽  
Ceren Ersoz Unlu ◽  
Ilkan Tatar ◽  
Mustafa Fevzi Sargon ◽  
Dilara Zeybek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: Smoking is a public health problem that has been proven to have adverse effects on human health. Aerobic exercise has positive effects on the human body, especially on the respiratory system. Objective: The aim of this experimental animal model study was to determine whether regular aerobic exercise has a protective effect against the harmful effects of cigarette smoke on the nasal mucosa of rats. Methods: A total of 24 male Wistar albino rats were randomly separated into 3 groups of 8: group 1 (cigarette smoking), group 2 (cigarette smoking and exercise), and group 3 (control group). At the end of the experiment period, histopathological (light and electron microscopy) and immunohistochemical (GSTA 1, CYP1A1, and CYP2E1) evaluations were made of the nasal mucosa of the animals. Results: Goblet cell loss and basal membrane thickening were significantly lower in group 2 and group 3 compared to group 1. In the electron microscope evaluation, the inflammatory expressions of the goblet cells were observed in a very small area in group 2. In group 1, these were distributed over large areas between the mucosal cells. There was seen to be significant swelling of the mitochondria in group 1 compared to the other groups. No statistically significant difference was determined between the groups with respect to GSTA1, CYP2E1, and CYP1A1 scores ( P > .05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that regular aerobic exercise has a protective effect against the harmful effects of smoking on the nasal mucosa of rats.

Latent Learning in White Rats with and without Reinforcement by Presentation of Videotaped Stimuli

1978 ◽  
Vol 46 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1331-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Kahane ◽  
Robert J. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Albino Rats ◽  
Correlated Response ◽  
Latent Learning ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Group 1

The effect of videotaped presentation of a maze, with and without reinforcement during correct “trials,” was investigated to determine whether learning could occur without the correlated response being manifested. Three groups of 10, female albino rats of the Wistar strain, 120 days old, were employed. The stimuli were presented on a monitor during acquisition. Group 1 received the film and reinforcement during correct “trials” and performed significantly better than Group 2, which received the film but no reinforcement and Group 3 which received neither film nor reinforcement on test trials in the actual maze. Empirical and theoretical support were obtained for the notion that learning would occur without responding.

scholarly journals The Influence of Giving Tempe Flour Toward the Amount and Morphology of White Male Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Erythrocytes Wistar Strain was Affected by Cigarette Smoke

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
I Made Subhawa Harsa
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
White Male ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Group 2

Abstract: Cigarette smoke was one of free radicals source for the body. Free radical contain in cigarette smoke were hydroxide radicals (•OH). Hydroxide radicals would cause erythrocytes damage. Antioxidants were substances that can prevent free radicals. Now, natural antioxidants source has developed, one of that is tempe, because of it contained antioxidants substances such as carotene, Vitamin E, isoflavon, and factor II antioxidants. This resource was for knowing the influence of giving tempe flour toward the amount and morphology of white male rat (Rattus norvegicus) erythrocytes wistar strain was affected by cigarette smoke. A pure experiment which was used the post test only-control group design method. Sample of the resource was white male rat wistar strain aged of 3-4 month as much 30 rats by the weight around 180-220 gram. The samples divided into 3 groups that were control group (K1), treatment group 1 (K2), and treatment group 2 (K3), each group consists of 10 rats. Control group was not given a special treatment, it only got a standard feed, treatment group 1 got special treatment and it was affected by cigarette smoke, furthermore, treatment group 2 got standard feed, it was affected by cigarette smoke and tempe. Analysis of data used one way anova experiment. The test showed the significance P-value = 0,036 that was <α (0,05). The result showed that there was the influence of giving tempe flour toward the amount and morphology of white male rat (Rattus norvegicus) erythrocytes wistar strain was affected by cigarette smoke. Keywords: cigarette smoke, free radicals, erythrocytes, antioxidants, tempe

scholarly journals Pengaruh Vitamin D3 Terhadap Glukosa Darah Tikus Wistar Yang Dipapar Asap Rokok

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-138
Author(s):  
Lolita Putri Nanda Utami ◽  
Hetti Rusmini ◽  
Yessi Nurmalasari ◽  
Dessy Hermawan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Cigarettes are the biggest health problem around the world. Nicotine in cigarettes has been proved insulin receptor resistance and can reduce insulin secretion in pancreatic β cells, which causes an increase in blood glucose levels. One of the efforts to reduce blood glucose levels is to consume vitamin D3. Vitamin D3 is a prohormone that plays a role in metabolic functions in cells and repair functions of cells. Purpose: to know the effect of vitamin D3 toward glucose blood level of male Rattus norvegicus Wistar exposed by cigarette smoke. Methods: This research conducted with pure experimental pre- and post-test with control group design. The samples used were 24 male rats. The sample divided into four groups, including K1, K2, K3, and P1. K1, which is not exposed by cigarette smoke and not given of vitamin D3. K2 is a group exposed by cigarette smoke but not given vitamin D3. K3 is a group that is not exposed by cigarette smoke but given vitamin D3 a dose of 0.2 µgr /head. P1 is a group exposed by cigarette smoke and given a vitamin D3 dose of 0.2 µgr /head. Results: Paired T-test showed increased blood glucose levels that are meaningful (p<0,05) In groups K2 (p=0,018) and P1 (p=0,035). One-way Anova showed there were differences in blood glucose levels that are meaningful between groups (p=0,001). Statistical analysis Post Hoc LSD showed significant differences in group K1 with K2 (p=0,004), group K1 with K3 (p=0,038), group K1 with P1  (p=0,038), group K2 with K3 (p=0,000),  group K2 with P1  (p=0,004). Conclusion: Vitamin D3 can reduce fasting blood glucose levels of Rattus norvegicus exposed by cigarette smoke.

scholarly journals The Effect of Propofol on Onset and Sedation in Diabetic Mellitus Rat (Rattus norvegicus)

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin Erwin ◽  
Rusli Rusli ◽  
Zuraidawati Zuraidawati ◽  
Fadillah Irwansyah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Mellitus ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

This research aimed to examine the time of onset and sedation on diabetic mellitus (DM) rat (Rattus norvegicus) by propofol. This study used 8 female wistar rats 2-3 months old and 150-200 grams of bodyweight, fed with standard feed and water ad libitum. Samples were divided into two groups. Group 1 (KI) as a control group was injected intraperitoneally with aloxan solvent and group 2 (KII) was injected intraperitoneally with 150 mg/kg bodyweight aloxan. Blood glucose was checked 10 days after aloxan injection, DM was categorized if the blood glucose over 150 mg/dl. All rats were injected intravenously with propofol 1% with the dose of 10 mg/kg bodyweight. Onset and sedation time was counted using stopwatch after propofol injection. The result showed that mean (±SD) of onset on KI and KII were 1.39±0.49 and 8.64±1.23 seconds, consecutively and they were significantly different at P0.01. Whilst mean (±SD) of sedation KI and KII were 12.12±1.47 minutes and 7.62±1.61 minutes, respectively. The onset and sedation time of KI was significantly different from KII P0.01. The conclusion of this research was DM affects time of onset and sedation when wistar strain rats were anesthetized by 1% propofol.Key words: rats, diabetic mellitus, propofol, onset, sedation

scholarly journals Effect of Ethanol Extract of Mangosteen Peel on Serum Malondialdehyde and Leukotriene B4 Levels in Male White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar Strain Exposed with Electric Cigarette Smoke

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Jemima Lewi Santoso ◽  
Harianto Notopuro ◽  
Ema Qurnianingsih
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Leukotriene B4 ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Mangosteen Peel ◽  
Significant Difference

This study aims to analyze the administration of mangosteen peel ethanol extract at different doses can reduce levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) serum in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strains exposed to electric cigarette smoke. Electric cigarette induces mitochondrial ROS production and triggers oxidative stress. Antioxidants are needed by the body if there are many free radicals, for example mangosteen peel. This laboratory experimental study uses a randomized post test only control group design. Thirty male white rats were divided into 5 groups randomly (KK, KR, P1, P2, P3). KK given 0.5% Na-CMC, KR given smoke and 0.5% Na-CMC, P1, P2, P3 given smoke and mangosteen peel ethanol extract 100, 200, 300 mg / kg weight. Data were tested for normality and homogeneity tests. Data distribution was found not normal. Data were tested by Kruskal-Wallis Test and Mann-Whitney. Kruskal-Wallis Test results showed significant differences in MDA and LTB4 levels in each experimental group (KS, KR, P1, P2 and P3), p <0.05. Mann-Whitney test results showed a significant difference in the MDA levels of the KR against P3 and in the LTB4 level of the KR against P2 (p <0.05). The conclusion of the study was the administration of mangosteen peel ethanol extract can reduce MDA and LTB4 levels serum in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strains exposed to electric cigarette smoke.

scholarly journals Why Mozart compositions during pregnancy should be exposed in the night. Study on apoptotic index of Rattus norvegicus offsprings’ brain neurons

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Eka Nasrur Maulana ◽  
Hermanto Tri Joewono ◽  
Widjiati Widjiati ◽  
Windhu Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Apoptotic Index ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Apoptosis Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: To analyze the optimal time to expose Mozart compositions(in the night/ dark) by measuring brain neural apoptotic index of Rattus norvegicus offspringsMaterials and Methods: This study used experimental random-ized post test only control group design in pregnant Rattus norvegicus. Subjects were divided into three groups at random, ie control group, 1 (1 hour Mozart exposure in dark) and 2 (1 hour Mozart in light), each comprised 8 females. After delivery, 2 heaviest Rattus norvegicus offsprings were chosen, totally 15 neonates in each group, then they were sacrificed with decapita-tion and the brain was prepared and stained using TUNEL assay method and the index of neurons cell apoptosis was calculated using microscope in 1000x magnification. This study was conducted at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Airlangga, after conducting ethical feasibility test.Results: There were no miscarriages, congenital malformation, preterm birth and deaths in all groups. The control group's neural apoptosis index was 55.98 ± 4.12, group one 24.87±3.45 and group two 23.82±3.89. Based on statistical test result, there was no significant difference of apoptosis index between treatment group 1 and treatment group 2, with p value 0,836 but significant difference was found between control group and treatment group 1 (p=0.002) and between control group and treatment group 2 (p=0.009). In dark group we found the lower average of apoptotic index, the lowest apoptotic index, 9 of 15 had the lowest, the heaviest head weight and 4 of 15 subjects had the heaviest head weightConclusion: There was no significant difference between the pro-vision of Mozart music in dark and light on brain neuron of Rattus norvegicus offsprings although lower average in the dark group especially if the extreme value exluded. In the dark group: we found  the lower average of apoptotic index, the lowest apoptotic index, biggest proportion of the lowest index, the heaviest head and biggest proportion of heaviest head.

The effect of Ethanol extract of Redi gedi leaves (Abelmoschus manihot L) on histological rat kidney urolithiasis model

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Irma Santi ◽  
Rahmawati . ◽  
Lili Tari
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Urolithiasis or kidney stones is disease symptoms caused by the presence of urinary sediment in the urinary tract. It can be observed histologically by investigating the presence of crystals and tissu damage  such as degeneration hydropis, hemorrhage, necrosis. The aim of  reseach to prove the effect of ethanol extract of red gedi leaves (<em>Abelmoschus manihot</em> L) on histological overview of white rat kidney (<em>Rattus norvegicus</em>) urolithiasis model. This reseach used 15 rat devided into 5 groups. Group 1 was the normal group; group 2 was induced ethylene glycol 0,75% and ammonium chloride 1 %; group 3,4 and 5 were a test group induced ammonium chloride 1 %; group 3,4 and 5 were a test ammonium chloride 0.75 % and 1 % and ethanol extract of red gedi leaves with succesive doses of 10 mg/kgBW, 20 mg/kgBW, 40 mg/kgBW. The data were analyzed statistically using Kruskal wallis test and Mann-Whitney’s advanced test. The result showed that the group of red gedi leaf extract with doses 40 mg/kgBW statically has the best effect as antiurolithiasis on the white rats

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