scholarly journals Electrical Conductivity as a General Predictor of Multiple Parameters in Tigris River Based on Statistical Regression Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Omar Anmar Khlaif ◽  
Khalid Adel Abdulrazzaq ◽  
Athraa Hashim Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Statistical Regression ◽  
Prediction Ability

Surface water samples from different locations within Tigris River's boundaries in Baghdad city have been analyzed for drinking purposes. Correlation coefficients among different parameters were determined. An attempt has been made to develop linear regression equations to predict the concentration of water quality constituents having significant correlation coefficients with electrical conductivity (EC). This study aims to find five regression models produced and validated using electrical conductivity as a predictor to predict total hardness (TH), calcium (Ca), chloride (Cl), sulfate (SO4), and total dissolved solids (TDS). The five models showed good/excellent prediction ability of the parameters mentioned above, which is a very good startup to establish a rule of thumb in the laboratories to compare between observations. The importance of linear regression equations in predicting surface water quality parameters is a method that can be applied to any other location.  

scholarly journals The Impact of Urbanization on Water Quality: Case Study on the Alto Atoyac Basin in Puebla, Mexico

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 667
Author(s):  
Andrés Estrada-Rivera ◽  
Alfonso Díaz Fonseca ◽  
Samuel Treviño Mora ◽  
Wendy Argelia García Suastegui ◽  
Edith Chávez Bravo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The Impact

Population growth, poorly planned industrial development and uncontrolled production processes have left a significant footprint of environmental deterioration in the Alto Atoyac watershed. In this study, we propose using the integrated pollution index (PI) to characterize the temporary variations in surface water quality during the rapid urbanization process in the municipalities of San Martín Texmelucán (SMT) and Tepetitla de Lardizabal (TL), in the states of Puebla and Tlaxcala, between 1985 and 2020. We assessed the correlation between the population growth rate and the water quality parameters according to the Water Quality Index (ICA). The contribution of each polluting substance to the PI was determined. The industry database was created and the increase in population and industry, and their densities, were estimated. The results indicated that the temporal pattern of surface water quality is determined by the level of urbanization. The water integrated pollution index (WPI) increased with the passage of time in all the localities: SLG 0.0 to 25.0; SMTL 25.0 to 29.0; SRT 4.0 to 29.0; VA 6.0 to 30.0; T 3.5 to 24.0 and SMA 4.0 to 27.0 from 2010 to 2020, respectively. The correlation coefficients between the five parameters (BOD5, COD, CF, TU and TSS) in the six localities were positive with the population. The values that showed a higher correlation with the population were: SLG (FC 0.86), SMTL (BOD5 0.61, COD 0.89, TSS 0.64) and SRT (TU 0.83), corresponding to highly polluted localities, which generates complex and severe environmental implications due to the unsustainable management of water resources. Achieving the sustainability of water in the watershed is a challenge that should be shared between society and state. This type of research can be a useful tool in making environmental management decisions.

scholarly journals The Correlation and Regression Analysis of Physicochemical Parameters of River Water for the Evaluation of Percentage Contribution to Electrical Conductivity

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar Shrestha ◽  
Nabin Basnet
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Percentage Contribution ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Standard Procedures

Ten different water samples were collected from Ratuwa River and its tributaries. The laboratory test was carried out by standard procedures (APHA methods), and the measured values were compared with the Nepal standard recommended by Nepal Drinking Water Quality Standards (NDWQS). Statistical analysis also had been used to calculate the correlation coefficients and to plot the regression equations of various parameters with electrical conductivity. The aim of the study was to identify the parameters that affect the electrical conductivity and evaluate the percentage contribution of these parameters. The correlation matrix shows that color, total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride (Cl), fluoride (F), total phosphorus (TP), total alkalinity (TA), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), and dissolved oxygen (DO) have a significant effect on the electrical conductivity (EC). Among these parameters, TDS has the highest contribution (39.65%) followed by total alkalinity (23.5%), total hardness (19.9%), chlorine (6.5%), and calcium (5.5%) ions, respectively. However, color, TP, fluoride, and DO have almost 1.45% contribution to the electrical conductivity.

scholarly journals Determination of Surface Water Quality for Irrigation in Dinajpur

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1782-1791
Author(s):  
Md. Motaharul Islam ◽  
Mst. Taslema Nasrin ◽  
Md. Mofizul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Almost All

A research was carried out to assess the suitability of surface water for irrigation purposes. For this reason, 56 samples of surface water were collected from each union of Dinajpur sadar upazilla, Dinajpur. The analysis was included pH, EC, TDS, Ca, Mg, S, P, Na, K, Cl- and HCO3- to evaluate the suitability of surface water for irrigation purposes. Almost all the water samples were within the recommended pH value for irrigation and a great impact on crop production. With respect to electrical conductivity (EC) samples were low to medium salinity. For total dissolved solids (TDS), all samples were considered as freshwater for irrigation. On the basis of Ca, Mg, S, P, Na, K, Cl- and HCO3- all samples could safely be used for irrigation and would not affect the soils.

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Quality in the Lakes Along Colentina River

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 194-199
Author(s):  
Petra Ionescu ◽  
Violeta Monica Radu ◽  
Elena Diacu ◽  
Ecaterina Marcu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Entry And Exit ◽  
Quality Classification ◽  
Water Quality Classification ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the water quality in the lakes along Colentina River according to Romanian regulations referring to the norms on surface water quality classification, MO 161/2006. To achieve this goal, two sampling sections (entry and exit points) for each lake have been established, and the following indicators have been determined: pH, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, nitrites, nitrates and ammonium nitrogen, total nitrogen, orthophosphates, total phosphorus, electrical conductivity, filterable residue, chlorides, sulphates, calcium, magnesium and sodium. Following this study, the variation of the concentrations of determined indicators in the two sampling sections for each lake has been assessed, as well as the classification into quality classes according to the before mentioned order.

scholarly journals Surface Water Quality Assessment, Prediction & Modelling of River Daya in Odisha

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramod Jena ◽  
*Sayed Modinur Rahaman ◽  
Pradeep Kumar DasMohapatra ◽  
Durga Prasad Barik ◽  
Dikshya Surabhi Patra
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Decision Tree ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Good Tool

Abstract A decision tree -based approach is projected to predict surface water quality and is a good tool to assess quality and guarantee property safe use of water for drinking. The most objective of this study is to assess the surface water quality of the Daya watercourse to work out the quality of drinking functions. Samples were collected from designated locations throughout totally different seasons (winter, summer, rainy) over a amount of five years (2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020). Total dissolved solids, pH, alkalinity, chloride, nitrate, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, iron, fluoride, were all tested as well as total coliform, fecal coliform, and E. coli. The main goal is to use decision tree regression to construct a model to assess and predict water quality changes in the Daya geographic region of Odisha, India, and compare it to statistical methods.

scholarly journals Assessment of surface water quality in relation to water quality index of tropical lentic environment, Central Gujarat, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiren B Soni ◽  
Sheju Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Human Consumption

The present study involved the determination of surface water quality index of tropical sacred wetland viz. Dakor Pilgrimage Wetland (DPW), Central Gujarat, India. The main aim of the study was to evaluate various water quality parameters to draw-out the water quality index for an assessment of a tropical aquatic body. The monthly values of pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total alkalinity (TA), Total Hardness (TH), Calcium Hardness (Ca), Magnesium Hardness (Mg), Chloride, Sulphate, Phosphate, Sodium, and Potassium, were analyzed to compute water quality index (WQI). The results manifest that WQI at site 1 (D1) was maximum (161.74), followed by D2 (159.96), and minimum at site 3 (D3) (157.19). The values clearly depicts that quality of water is completely unfit for human consumption unless and until strict and mandatory steps are taken to rejuvenate it. The suggestive measures to improve the overall health of an aquatic body is also discussed herewith alongwith conservation measures and management strategies. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i1.9952 International Journal of Environment Vol.3(1) 2014: 168-176

scholarly journals Evaluation of surface water quality using water quality indices (WQIs) in Lake Sukhna, Chandigarh, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maansi ◽  
Rajinder Jindal ◽  
Meenu Wats
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Water Quality Indices ◽  
Canadian Council ◽  
Water Quality Status ◽  
Ccme Wqi ◽  
Quality Status

AbstractTo assess the surface water quality of Sukhna Lake, 13 physico-chemical parameters like temperature, pH, transparency, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, total dissolved salts, chloride, total Aalkalinity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, nitrate and phosphate were investigated on monthly basis for a period of two year (July 2016–June 2018) by using standard procedures. The results were compared with the values or ranges mentioned by standard organizations (WHO and BIS) for assessing the water quality and these revealed that the lake water was turbid and under DO distress. Various water quality indices like water quality index (WQI), Canadian Council Ministry of Environment (CCME)-WQI and comprehensive pollution index (CPI) were used to assess the water quality status in the Sukhna Lake. The range of WQI (59.74–83.49) indicated that the water quality status of the lake belonged to good category while those of CCME-WQI (52.4–81.61) revealed that water quality fallen from marginal to good category and those of CPI (0.4–0.7) indicated fair state of water in the lake. Overall the water quality in Sukhna Lake has been found deteriorated during second year in comparison the first year during the study time.

Surface Water Quality in the Forest Catchment – A Case Study of Tunga and Bhadra River Stretches, Karnataka

2020 ◽  
pp. 228-235
Author(s):  
Santhosh Kumar T. M1 ◽  
K. L Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Post Monsoon Season

A need of water quality assessment of the rivers before enters into the human induced habitations play a vital role in maintenance of ecological balance. The surface water samples were randomly collected from the Tunga and Bhadra reservoirs situated in the downstream catchments of Western Ghats with semi-evergreen and mixed deciduous forests during January 2018 to December 2019. The samples were analyzed as per the Standard Methods prescribed for drinking water analysis. Increased trend of pH in Pre-monsoon and decreased trend in post monsoon season was observed and the mean concentrations of pH was ranged between 7.30 and 8.02. Electrical Conductivity values were found to be <143µS/cm and indicated that the water is suitable for irrigation and drinking purposes. The Total Dissolved Solids and Total Hardness values were indicated as soft water as values are <75 mg/L. A significant relation was noticed between Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand during Post monsoon season. Whereas, no relationship was existing with water quality parameters in Tunga River and Bhadra reservoirs during monsoon (2019) wherein highest floods were received in this season. An insignificant pollution load was observed as the water flows through forest areas and no relationship exists between past mining activities in the Bhadra river catchment, sedimentation of reservoir and water quality. However, it is suggested to control of alterations in land use / land cover, use of fertilizer and pesticides, mono culture plantations and developmental activities to maintain the water quality in the study area to meet the domestic demands in the downstream.

scholarly journals Ponds Syrenie Stawy in Szczecin - Changes of Selected Water Quality Chemical Indices

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorzysław Poleszczuk ◽  
Tymoteusz Miller ◽  
Małgorzata Tokarz
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Quality Changes ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Ecosystem Changes ◽  
Total Concentrations ◽  
Nw Poland

Abstract The possibility of using - to a wider inference - water quality test results of stream Osowka flowing through ponds Syrenie Stawy in Szczecin (NW-Poland) - in particular the concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity (EC) and the total concentrations of nitrogen (TN) and phosphorus (TP) - conducted in the years 1994 to 2014 was analyzed. The examined indices were classified according to Official Standards currently in force in Poland. Changes of water quality as it flows through the ponds were identified. Multivariate linear regression equations were calculated, endearing statistically significant relationship between successive test indicators (yi) and other indices (xi) and deadlines for measurement periods (Ti) has been made. This allowed in general to characterize water quality, determine the quality changes along the path of flow through ponds and discern what processes biohydrogeochemical within the ecosystem changes affected their quality.

scholarly journals Preliminary Assessment Of Surface Water Quality Of Tropical Pilgrimage Wetland Of Central Gujarat, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiren B Soni ◽  
Sheju Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Pond Ecosystem

The present paper highlights the preliminary investigation of physico-chemical characteristics of tropical pilgrimage wetland viz. Dakor Sacred Wetland (DSW), Anand District, Central Gujarat, India. As the existing water body is contaminated with domestic sewage influenced by anthropogenic interventions, an urgent need was felt to evaluate physico-chemical parameters such as Temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Solids (TS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Free CO2, Phenolphthalein Alkalinity (PA), Total Alkalinity (TA), Carbonates, Bicarbonates, Total Hardness, Calcium Hardness, Magnesium Hardness, Chloride, Salinity, Sulphate, Phosphate, Nitrate, Sodium, and Potassium. The obtained data were correlated statistically to draw a conclusion about the surface water quality of tropical pilgrimage wetland. Moreover, the results manifested the need and prime necessity to restore the physical, chemical and biological integrity with viable and rigorous restoration and management strategies in order to maintain, preserve, conserve and to avert the ecological imbalance and disturbance in hydro-geo-chemical and hydro-biological cycles, which adversely affect the food chain and food web of the significant pond ecosystem. International Journal of Environment, Volume-2, Issue-1, Sep-Nov 2013, Pages 202-223 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v2i1.9222

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document