scholarly journals Microcephaly infant mortality in Brazil before zika outbreak.

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
Lavinia Schuler-Faccini ◽  
José Edgardo Dipierri ◽  
Valeria Fernanda Chapur ◽  
Rubén Adrián Bronberg
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Poisson Model ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variation ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
The North ◽  
Outbreak Period ◽  
Spatial Scan ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Municipal Level

Introduction We present temporal and spatial variation of deaths from microcephaly in children under 1 year of age is analyzed at regional, state, and municipal level in the pre-Zika period in Brazil. Materials and Methods Data on births and deaths of infants with microcephaly was obtained from DATASUS from 1996 to 2013. Infant mortality rate from microcephaly (IMR-M) was estimated at Region, Federative Unit (UF), and Municipality level. Secular trend (ST) and risk of death variation were estimated using a Poisson regression model. Satscan software was used to obtain a statistic spatial scan for the Poisson model. Results IMR-M shows a non-significant negative ST in the Southeast, South and Central West Regions of Brazil. A greater IMR-M risk of death variation is found in the North and Northeast Regions. Most UFs in the Southeast, South and Central West Regions showed a negative ST, in contrast to what occurs in the UFs of the North and Northeast Regions showed a positive ST. Six high risk significant clusters were found: 3 in the North-Northeast and 3 in the South-SouthWest-Center-West. Conclusions The North and Northeast Regions showed positive ST for IRM-M and higher death risk, which was not observed in the other regions. Cluster distribution for higher IMR-M and risk resembles the distribution of the microcephaly and Zika cases in the outbreak period.

scholarly journals Morbidence of pregnant anemia and its impact on infant mortality

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Dmitry O. Ivanov ◽  
Vadim K. Iurev ◽  
Kseniia G. Shevtsova ◽  
Karina E. Moiseeva ◽  
Shalva D. Kharbedia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The Russian Federation

An important role in the normal development of the fetus and the successful outcome of pregnancy is played by the state of health of pregnant women. One of the significant factors of perinatal risk is anemia of pregnant women. In order to assess the level and dynamics of the incidence of anemia in pregnant women, official statistical reports and publications of the Federal State Statistics Service for 2005-2017 and Central Research Institute for Organization and Informatization of Health of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation for 2012-2018 were analyzed. Using a trend analysis using a trend method, a prognosis was made for the incidence of anemia in pregnant women up to 2021 in the Russian Federation as a whole and separately in the North-West Federal District. In order to assess the impact of the predictor “anemia of pregnant women” on the infant mortality rate, data from primary medical documentation was copied to 250 children who died before the age of 1 year in the North-West Federal District. It has been established that the incidence of anemia in pregnant women in the North-West Federal District significantly exceeds the average level in the Russian Federation. Provided that factors affecting the course of pregnancy remain unchanged, the incidence of anemia in pregnant women by 2021 on average in the Russian Federation will decrease to 32.2% of the number of women who have completed pregnancy, and in the North-West Federal District will increase to 37.5%. During pregnancy, the incidence of anemia in women whose child died before the age of 1 year in the North-West Federal District amounted to 44.16 ± 0.39% of the number of women who completed the pregnancy, which significantly exceeded the average figure in the district, which in 2017 was equal to 35.90 ± 0.35% (p < 0.05). A direct correlation has been established between the predictor “anemia in pregnant women” and the infant mortality rate.

scholarly journals Analysis of selected statistical indicators of the North-Western Federal district in aspect of infant mortality and stillbirths

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry O. Ivanov ◽  
Kseniia G. Shevtsova
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
The North ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Statistical Indicators ◽  
North Western

The paper presents results of some analyzed statistical indicators of infant mortality and stillbirth in the North-Western Federal District of Russia. The following indicators are considered: availability of medical personnel and inpatient beds, morbidity of pregnant women, the number of abortions, as well as some socio-economic indicators. The negative correlation between infant mortality rate in the region and availability of obstetricians-gynecologists, pediatricians, neonatologists was revealed. Stillbirth rates in the region were found to be related to the provision of pregnant pathology beds, to the proportion of these beds in the total number of obstetric beds, to provision of the population with obstetricians and gynecologists. In addition, both factors are equally dependent on such index of work of women's family planning counseling services as the number of abortions per 100 live and stillbirths. A comparative analysis of the pregnant women morbidity, together with the investigated medical care provision in the region, emphasized the effective organization of the child protection and child delivery service activity in the North-Western Federal District, on the one hand. On the other hand, it determined that, in the search for a reserve of reducing fetal and infantile losses in North-Western Federal District, the priority area is a differentiated study of the pregnant women morbidity aimed at developing an appropriate comprehensive prevention program to reduce of the pregnant women morbidity.

scholarly journals Analisis Deskriptif Kematian Neonatal Di Rumah Sakit X Kabupaten Kediri Pada Tahun 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Eva Firdayanti Bisono ◽  
Sevi Oktrianadewi ◽  
Budi Pranoto ◽  
Ekawati Wasis Wijayati ◽  
Krisnita Dwi Jayanti
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Less Is More ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Male Sex

Health efforts are made to control the risk of death it like keep delivery can be carried out by health workers at the health facilities and ensure health care service standars on a visit of a newborn infant. The purpose of this research is to find visions of death neonatal in the hospital x ditrict Kediri. Research methodology descriptive and use this approach retrospective. The result of this research the number of infant mortality in 2018 as much as 185 death, with many infant mortality male sex as much as 110, and the time of death most less is more than equal to 48 hours 102 cases as many, infant mortality was greatest in October and December, the type of insurance used most BPJS as many as 86 and disesase cause of death most were low birth weight (LBW) as much as 93 cases. This is infant mortality rate which is 67,79 per 1000 live births. Should value the infant mortality reate can always do be done to a base in the plan for the hospital in providing some facilities can make mothers and children visited hospital especially full attention in October and December.    Upaya kesehatan yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengendalikan risiko kematian neonatus diantaranya dengan mengupayakan agar persalinan dapat dilakukan oleh tenaga kesehatan di fasilitas kesehatan serta menjamin tersedianya pelayanan kesehatan sesuai dengan standar pada kunjungan bayi baru lahir. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kematian neonatal di RS X Kabupaten Kediri. Metode penelitian ini dengan deskriptif dan menggunakan pendekatan retrospetif. Hasil penelitian ini jumlah kematian bayi tahun 2018 sebanyak 185 kematian, dengan banyak kematian bayi berjenis kelamin laki laki sebesar 110, dan waktu kematian terbanyak ≤ 48 Jam sebanyak 102 kasus, kematian bayi paling banyak terjadi pada bulan Oktober dan Desember, jenis jaminan kesehatan yang digunakan paling banyak BPJS sebanyak 86 dan penyakit penyebab kematian terbanyak adalah Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah (BBLR) sebanyak 93 kasus. Hasil perhitungan Angka Kematian Bayi yaitu sebesar 67,79 per 1000 kelahiran hidup. Sebaiknya nilai Angka Kematian Bayi dapat selalu dilakukan untuk dasar dalam membuat perencanaan bagi rumah sakit dalam menyediakan sarana dan prasarana yang dapat mendukung kesehatan ibu dan anak yang melakukan kunjungan ke rumah sakit utamanya perhatian penuh pada bulan Oktober dan Desember. 

scholarly journals Infant mortality due to perinatal causes in Brazil: trends, regional patterns and possible interventions

2001 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Gomes Victora ◽  
Fernando Celso Barros
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Brazilian Literature ◽  
Regional Patterns ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
The North ◽  
High Death

CONTEXT: Brazilian infant and child mortality levels are not compatible with the country's economic potential. In this paper, we provide a description of levels and trends in infant mortality due to perinatal causes and malformations and assess the likely impact of changing intermediate-level determinants, many of which are amenable to direct interventions through the health or related sectors. TYPE OF STUDY: Review paper. METHODS: Two main sources of mortality data were used: indirect mortality estimates based on censuses and surveys, and rates based on registered deaths. The latter were corrected for under-registration. Combination of the two sources of data allowed the estimation of cause-specific mortality rates. Data on current coverage of preventive and curative interventions were mostly obtained from the 1996 Demographic and Health Survey. Other national household surveys and Ministry of Health Statistics were also used. A thorough review of the Brazilian literature on levels, trends and determinants of infant mortality led to the identification of a large number of papers and books. These provided the background for the analyses of risk factors and potential interventions. RESULTS: The indirect infant mortality rate estimate for 1995-97 is of 37.5 deaths per thousand live births, about six times higher than in the lowest mortality countries in the world. Perinatal causes account for 57% of all infant deaths, and congenital malformations are responsible for 11.2% of these deaths. Mortality levels are highest in the Northeast and North, and lowest in the South and Southeast; the Center-West falls in between. Since surveys of the North region do not cover rural areas, mortality for this region may be underestimated. CONCLUSIONS: A first priority for the further reduction in infant mortality in Brazil is to improve equality among regions, since the North and Northeast, and particularly rural areas, still show very high death rates. Further reductions in infant mortality will largely depend on decreasing deaths due to perinatal causes. Improvements in the coverage and particularly in the quality of antenatal and delivery care are urgently needed. Another intervention with a potential important impact on infant mortality is the promotion of family planning. Improving birth weight might lead to an 8% reduction in infant mortality but the efficacy of available interventions is low.

scholarly journals Implementation of the pact for health in Brazil: what changes did it bring to child mortality?

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e48889
Author(s):  
Talita Araujo de Souza ◽  
Fábia Barbosa de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Gini Index ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
The North ◽  
Grant Program ◽  
The Family

This study aimed to verify the association of social inequalities with infant mortality rate so as to infer what has changed in Brazil with the implementation of the Pact for Life. This was an epidemiological ecological study of the time series type with spatial correlation carried out through the Mortality Information System, considering the years from 1996 to 2016. For the development and analysis of the data, the 161 Intermediate Regions of Urban Articulation were considered. The infant mortality coefficient in the years studied was the dependent variable, and as independent variables, the ones selected were the Human Development Index, Gini Index, percentage of poor people and the coverage of the Family Grant Program. Descriptive data were analyzed in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Mortality data were spatialized to determine bivariate spatial autocorrelations using the Geoda software. It was identified in the results that there was a decrease in the infant mortality rate in the decades; spatial autocorrelation showed high coefficients in the Northeast in the first decade, and higher coefficients in the North and Midwest in the second decade. In the bivariate analysis of the infant mortality coefficient with the Human Development Index, greater autocorrelation was observed in the Southeast, South and Midwest regions in the two decades; with the Gini index, the first decade showed autocorrelation in the North and Northeast, and in the second decade, there was autocorrelation in the North, Northeast, and Midwest. When assessed with poverty, autocorrelation was observed in the North and Northeast; and with coverage of the Family Grant Program, autocorrelation was concentrated in the Northeast. Even before and after the release of the Pact for Life, social inequalities were directly related to infant mortality. The Pact, which had one of its indicators the reduction in infant mortality, was effective when evaluated in isolation, however, despite the decrease in this problem.

Trends in and determinants of neonatal and infant mortality in Nigeria based on Demographic and Health Survey data

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Kamalesh Kumar Patel ◽  
Jang Bahadur Prasad ◽  
Rajeshwari A. Biradar
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
North West ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region

Abstract This study aimed to assess the changes in neonatal and infant mortality rates in Nigeria over the period 1990 to 2018 using Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) data, and assess their socio-demographic determinants using data from the most recent survey conducted in 2018. The infant mortality rate was 87 per 1000 live births in 1990, and this increased to 100 per 1000 live births in 2003 – an increase of around 15% over 13 years. Neonatal and infant mortality rates started to decline steadily thereafter and continued to do so until 2013. After 2013, neonatal morality rose slightly by the year 2018. Information for 27,465 infants under 1 year of age from the NDHS-2018 was analysed using bivariate and multivariate analysis and the Cox proportional hazard technique. In 2018, infant deaths decreased as wealth increased, and the incidence of infant deaths was greater among those of Islam religion than among those of other religions. A negative association was found between infant deaths and the size of a child at birth. Infant mortality was higher in rural than in urban areas, and was higher among male than female children. Both neonatal and infant death rates varied by region and were found to be highest in the North West region and lowest in the South region. An increasing trend was observed in neonatal mortality in the 5-year period from 2013 to 2018. Policy interventions should be focused on the poor classes, women with a birth interval of less than 2 years and those living in the North West region of the country.

scholarly journals Spatial patterns of recent demographic trends in Serbia (1961–2010)

Geografie ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-543
Author(s):  
Vladimir Nikitović ◽  
Branislav Bajat ◽  
Dragan Blagojević
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
The North ◽  
Demographic Rates ◽  
Temporal Dimensions ◽  
The Impact

This study considers the spatial and temporal dimensions of demographic trends in Serbia between 1961 and 2010. Using appropriate spatial autocorrelation statistics, spatial patterns of common demographic indicators including changes in population size, the rate of natural increase and infant mortality rate are investigated across municipalities of Serbia. Also, the impact of differential demographic rates according to ethnic origin on forming spatial clusters is implicitly considered. Different stages of demographic transition across municipalities at the start of the analyzed period determined the spatial pattern of clustered subregions; ethnic origin appeared to be a strong factor of differentiation regarding population dynamics. The two opposed areas regarding the transition of rates of natural increase and infant mortality were clustered; the southern included Kosovo and the least developed subregions of Central Serbia. The City of Belgrade and Kosovo have been the two hubs of population growth in Serbia over the past 50 years, while the strongest depopulation refers to the north and east border regions.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN AFTER EFFECTS MOTION GRAPHICS UNTUK MEMBANTU STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PROGRAM INOVASI KASIH JERUK PURUT

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Prita Suci Nurcandrani ◽  
Rizki Ardhi Rahman ◽  
Bumi Bidadari Shaskia
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Motion Graphics ◽  
After Effects ◽  
The North ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Reduce Infant Mortality ◽  
The Right ◽  
Motion Graphic

The Banyumas Regency Health Office summarized that in 2019, stunting in the North Purwokerto Subdistrict area reached 261 cases. In the same time, the infant mortality rate in Banyumas Regency reached 127 cases including four cases were occured in the work area of North Purwokerto II. The Kasih Jeruk Purut Program aims to increase the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding to more than 90% in the work area of the Puskesmas Purwokerto Utara II with the main objective is to reduce infant mortality and prevent stunting. The socialization activities carried out require tools to facilitate effective communication to occur. Communication aids in the form of brochures or leaflets provided by the central government often did not meet the target program effectively because the brochures contained too many written elements. The purpose of this PKM is to help provide effective After Effects Motion Graphics to assist the implementation of the Kasih Jeruk Purut Program. The design of the implementation media design for The Kasih Jeruk Purut Program is in the form of a simple Motion Graphics design containing the content of the right breastfeeding method. After making After Effects Motion Graphic, it was continued with the socialization of this application to the head of the program and the Kasih Jeruk Purut team, and tested it on patients and continued with evaluation.

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