Financial Psychometrics as an Improved Paradigm in Clinical Neurology and Psychiatry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Taillard
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Economics ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Clinical Neurology ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Financial Transactions ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Human Rationality

There are many types of financial transactions which are ubiquitous daily behaviors. These can be objectively quantified in a vast number of ways, making them uniquely efficacious for identifying patterns within the decisions made by individuals. Although financial dysfunction is a common trait of neurological diseases, and the field of behavioral economics already utilizes psychiatric methods to solve problems found within the previously-held assumption of human rationality, financial analysis has been overlooked as a tool of psychiatry and applied clinical neurology. The fields of medicine and economics are generally not seen as having much in common among practitioners of either discipline, and for those who have considered this possibility there are valid concerns regarding the ethics of patient confidentiality with the combined use of both medical and financial data. This is a reasonably simple hurdle to overcome, however, and as the medical community accepts clinically-trained economists among their ranks brand new sets of analytical tools used for diagnoses, treatments, and research becomes available by applying well-established methods in economics to existing frameworks in psychiatry and neurology. By reversing the paradigm of behavioral economics, therein is found the field of financial psychometrics.

The Challenge of Traditional Market Traders in Denpasar City with the Problem of Business Management and Sales Strategy

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (07) ◽  
pp. 20880-20885
Author(s):  
Luh Kadek Budi Martini ◽  
Putu Sri Astuti ◽  
Luh Komang Candra Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Sales Strategy ◽  
Communication Techniques ◽  
Traditional Market ◽  
Financial Transactions ◽  
And Training

Challenges by traditional fruit market traders in Denpasar are weaknes in business management, bookkeeping administration sales strategy, buyers service, communication techniques, and rotten fruits that do not sell yet untapped. The purposes of this empowerment are to (1 ) improvement of business management, (2) increased of knowledge for traders: bookkeeping administration is the procedure of recording financial transactions and can easily perform financial analysis, sales strategy, especially arrangement of merchandise (display), service to buyers, communication techniques and transactions honest but still profitable, (3) utilization of rotten fruit that is not sold to be processed into MOL (local microorganisms) for the manufacture of organic fertilizers in the household scale. The method used is counseling and training. The results of the activities are as follows: 1) fruit trader group can already well manage its trading business.2) fruit trader group can make good administration and business bookkeeping 3) fruit trader group can make marketing strategy by arranging (display) with well, and already use Show Case for display merchandise, customer visits increased 25%. 4) Fruit merchant group can already utilize rotten fruit as MOL for liquid crop fertilizer

scholarly journals Fórmula Du Pont y su rentabilidad, vista desde la óptica administrativa

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-113
Author(s):  
Omar García Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Toma De Decisiones ◽  
Analytical Tools

Es importante adentrarnos dentro de la práctica del análisis financiero con un espíritu fáctico, veraz y objetivo que permita proporcionar un margen de referencia y generar medios de análisis e interpretación de la información para toma de decisiones. Para ello es necesario establecer objetivos y utilizar de manera óptima herramientas analíticas. Ha sido un hecho destacable el dinamismo y razonamiento con el que se ha abordado de manera particular el estudio de las finanzas, cada una de las metodologías y avances que se desarrollan en nuestros tiempos denotan más la carencia de controlo dominio sobre los efectos financieros y la interpretación que da un buen análisis financiero. Así el objetivo de este trabajo, es analizar las variables que intervienen en el desarrollo de la formula Du Pont, visto desde una perspectiva administrativa ABSTRACTIt is important to enter to us within the practice of the financial analysis with a factual, truthful spirit and objective who allows to provide a reference margin and to generate means of analysis and interpretation of the information for making decision. In order to make assertive decisions it is necessary to establish objective and to use of optimal way analytical tools. It has been a remarkable fact the dynamism and reasoning with which the study of the finances is had boarded of particularway, each one of the methodologies and advances that are developed in our times denote plus the deficiency of control or dominion on the financial effects and the interpretation that a good financial analysis gives.  Therefore the objective of this work, is to analyze the variables that take part in thedevelopment of formulates Du Pont, sight from an administrative perspective.KEY WORDSFinances, Formulate Du Pont, Analysis, Decisions

scholarly journals Camillo Negro and his contributions to neurology

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 669-671
Author(s):  
Beatriz Gioppo Betini ◽  
Alex Tiburtino Meira ◽  
Hélio Afonso Ghizoni Teive
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Facial Paralysis ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Clinical Neurology ◽  
Peripheral Facial Paralysis

ABSTRACT An historical review of the contributions made by Italian professor, Camillo Negro, to neurology. Negro published several books on clinical neurology, was one of the pioneers of scientific films and described numerous neurological diseases. He is best known for describing the cogwheel phenomenon in patients with Parkinson's disease but also described a sign of peripheral facial paralysis.

The contribute of cerebrospinal fluid free light-chain assay in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases in an Italian multicenter study

2021 ◽  
pp. 135245852110641
Author(s):  
Gaetano Bernardi ◽  
Tiziana Biagioli ◽  
Paola Malpassi ◽  
Teresa De Michele ◽  
Domizia Vecchio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Oligoclonal Bands ◽  
Free Light Chains ◽  
Complementary Information ◽  
Combined Use

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) free light chains (FLCs) can be an alternative assay to oligoclonal bands (OCBs) in inflammatory neurological disorders, but threshold has no consensus. Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of CSF FLCs in multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neurological diseases. Methods: A total of 406 patients from five Italian centers. FLCs were measured in CSF and serum using Freelite MX assays on Optilite. Results: A total of 171 patients were diagnosed as MS, 154 non-inflammatory neurological diseases, 48 inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) diseases, and 33 peripheral neurological diseases. Both kFLC and λFLC indices were significantly higher in patients with MS compared to other groups ( p < 0.0001). The kFLC index ⩾ 6.4 is comparable to OCB for MS diagnosis (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.876; sensitivity 83.6% vs 84.2%; specificity 88.5% vs 90.6%). λFLC index ⩾ 5 showed an AUC of 0.616, sensitivity of 33.3% and specificity of 90.6%. In all, 12/27 (44.4%) MS patients with negative OCB had kFLC index ⩾ 6.4. Interestingly, 37.5% of 24 patients with a single CSF IgG band showed high kFLC index and 12.5% positive λFLC index. Conclusion: Our findings support the diagnostic utility of FLC indices in MS and other CNS inflammatory disorders, suggesting a combined use of FLC and OCB to help clinicians with complementary information.

An introduction to “nudge science”

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Ronald F. White
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Economics ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
The Political ◽  
Choice Architecture ◽  
Prolific Author ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Political Left ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Liberty Principle ◽  
Paternalistic Intervention

Let’s begin by addressing the most obvious question: given the vast number of books published on political science every year, why would the Association for Politics and the Life Sciences (APLS) and its journal Politics and the Life Sciences expend time, energy, and resources publishing a multiple-author analysis of a series of books that contain little (if anything) about the life sciences, Darwin, or evolution? The answer is that Cass R. Sunstein’s recent research on “nudge science” provides an excellent opportunity for APLS to expand its commitment to interdisciplinarity, especially its long-standing interest in behavioral economics. Sunstein, a prolific author, has written many books and scholarly articles defending “libertarian paternalism.” Libertarian critics have long argued that the conjunction of “libertarian” and “paternalism” is oxymoronic and that the “liberty principle” or the “principle of autonomy” excludes paternalistic intervention on behalf of rational, competent adults. Over the years, with varying degrees of success, Sunstein has addressed many, if not most, lines of criticism emanating from the political left and right. Like many scholars, his views have evolved over time based on that criticism. This introductory essay will focus on some of the more enduring elements of the conceptual framework and issues that underlie nudge science in the larger context of behavioral economics, including choice architecture, political bans and mandates, political nudges, ethics, and paternalistic intervention.

scholarly journals Recent Developments in Metabolomics Studies of Endophytic Fungi

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Kashvintha Nagarajan ◽  
Baharudin Ibrahim ◽  
Abdulkader Ahmad Bawadikji ◽  
Jun-Wei Lim ◽  
Woei-Yenn Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Chemical Complexity ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Scientific Attention ◽  
Increasing Trends ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Insight Into

Endophytic fungi are microorganisms that colonize living plants’ tissues without causing any harm. They are known as a natural source of bioactive metabolites with diverse pharmacological functions. Many structurally different chemical metabolites were isolated from endophytic fungi. Recently, the increasing trends in human health problems and diseases have escalated the search for bioactive metabolites from endophytic fungi. The conventional bioassay-guided study is known as laborious due to chemical complexity. Thus, metabolomics studies have attracted extensive research interest owing to their potential in dealing with a vast number of metabolites. Metabolomics coupled with advanced analytical tools provides a comprehensive insight into systems biology. Despite its wide scientific attention, endophytic fungi metabolomics are relatively unexploited. This review highlights the recent developments in metabolomics studies of endophytic fungi in obtaining the global metabolites picture.

scholarly journals Non-genetic risk and protective factors and biomarkers for neurological disorders: a meta-umbrella systematic review of umbrella reviews

BMC Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexios-Fotios A. Mentis ◽  
Efthimios Dardiotis ◽  
Vasiliki Efthymiou ◽  
George P. Chrousos
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Clinical Neurology ◽  
Late Life Depression ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background The etiologies of chronic neurological diseases, which heavily contribute to global disease burden, remain far from elucidated. Despite available umbrella reviews on single contributing factors or diseases, no study has systematically captured non-purely genetic risk and/or protective factors for chronic neurological diseases. Methods We performed a systematic analysis of umbrella reviews (meta-umbrella) published until September 20th, 2018, using broad search terms in MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, DARE, and PROSPERO. The PRISMA guidelines were followed for this study. Reference lists of the identified umbrella reviews were also screened, and the methodological details were assessed using the AMSTAR tool. For each non-purely genetic factor association, random effects summary effect size, 95% confidence and prediction intervals, and significance and heterogeneity levels facilitated the assessment of the credibility of the epidemiological evidence identified. Results We identified 2797 potentially relevant reviews, and 14 umbrella reviews (203 unique meta-analyses) were eligible. The median number of primary studies per meta-analysis was 7 (interquartile range (IQR) 7) and that of participants was 8873 (IQR 36,394). The search yielded 115 distinctly named non-genetic risk and protective factors with a significant association, with various strengths of evidence. Mediterranean diet was associated with lower risk of dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), cognitive impairment, stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases in general. In Parkinson disease (PD) and AD/dementia, coffee consumption, and physical activity were protective factors. Low serum uric acid levels were associated with increased risk of PD. Smoking was associated with elevated risk of multiple sclerosis and dementia but lower risk of PD, while hypertension was associated with lower risk of PD but higher risk of dementia. Chronic occupational exposure to lead was associated with higher risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Late-life depression was associated with higher risk of AD and any form of dementia. Conclusions We identified several non-genetic risk and protective factors for various neurological diseases relevant to preventive clinical neurology, health policy, and lifestyle counseling. Our findings could offer new perspectives in secondary research (meta-research).

Five-year experience in quality control over cash flow statements in Russian companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1945-1964
Author(s):  
M.A. Alekseev ◽  
M.Yu. Savel'eva ◽  
S.A. Dudin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Financial Analysts ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Accounting Reports ◽  
Financial Transactions ◽  
Analytical Tools

Subject. The article considers the quality control over cash flow statements. Nowadays, audit procedures apply rather simple analytical tools to assess the reliability of this type of accounting reports. There is, therefore, an objective need to develop them. Objectives. The aim is to assess the quality of cash flow statements for the 5-year period from 2014 till 2018, and prove the interrelation between the scale of manipulation in accounting statements and the economic situation in the country and in the sector. Methods. The study employs theoretical and practical works of foreign and Russian scientists on accounting misstatements. Results. We use a large amount of information to develop and test a methodology for checking the quality of accounting reports, including the assessment of credibility of a statement as a whole, as well as its pats, i.e. cash flows from operations, investments, and financial transactions. Conclusions. It is recommended to use the offered methodology by audit companies and financial analysts to find out companies involved in accounting manipulation.

scholarly journals Sphingolipids: membrane microdomains in brain development, function and neurological diseases

Open Biology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 170069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne S. B. Olsen ◽  
Nils J. Færgeman
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Sphingolipid Metabolism ◽  
Membrane Microdomains ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Long Time ◽  
And Function

Sphingolipids are highly enriched in the nervous system where they are pivotal constituents of the plasma membranes and are important for proper brain development and functions. Sphingolipids are not merely structural elements, but are also recognized as regulators of cellular events by their ability to form microdomains in the plasma membrane. The significance of such compartmentalization spans broadly from being involved in differentiation of neurons and synaptic transmission to neuronal–glial interactions and myelin stability. Thus, perturbations of the sphingolipid metabolism can lead to rearrangements in the plasma membrane, which has been linked to the development of various neurological diseases. Studying microdomains and their functions has for a long time been synonymous with studying the role of cholesterol. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that microdomains are very heterogeneous, which among others can be ascribed to the vast number of sphingolipids. In this review, we discuss the importance of microdomains with emphasis on sphingolipids in brain development and function as well as how disruption of the sphingolipid metabolism (and hence microdomains) contributes to the pathogenesis of several neurological diseases.

scholarly journals Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Gait Disorders: Is It Time to Begin?

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 402-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Gramigna ◽  
Giovanni Pellegrino ◽  
Antonio Cerasa ◽  
Simone Cutini ◽  
Roberta Vasta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Gait Disorders ◽  
Clinical Neurology ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Neurological Patients

Walking is a complex motor behavior with a special relevance in clinical neurology. Many neurological diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease and stroke, are characterized by gait disorders whose neurofunctional correlates are poorly investigated. Indeed, the analysis of real walking with the standard neuroimaging techniques poses strong challenges, and only a few studies on motor imagery or walking observation have been performed so far. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is becoming an important research tool to assess functional activity in neurological populations or for special tasks, such as walking, because it allows investigating brain hemodynamic activity in an ecological setting, without strong immobility constraints. A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted on the fNIRS-based examination of gait disorders. Twelve of the initial yield of 489 articles have been included in this review. The lesson learnt from these studies suggest that oxy-hemoglobin levels within the prefrontal and premotor cortices are more sensitive to compensation strategies reflecting postural control and restoration of gait disorders. Although this field of study is in its relative infancy, the evidence provided encourages the translation of fNIRS in clinical practice, as it offers a unique opportunity to explore in depth the activity of the cortical motor system during real walking in neurological patients. We also discuss to what extent fNIRS may be applied for assessing the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs.

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