scholarly journals The Schön case: Analyzing in-text citations to papers before and after retraction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Luwel ◽  
Nees Jan van Eck ◽  
Thed N van Leeuwen
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Electronic Version ◽  
Scientific Integrity ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Retraction Notice ◽  
Number Of Publications

Although only a small fraction of all scientific publications is retracted for misconduct, it has a profound impact on the research community, policy makers and the public at large. Indeed, over the last decades scientific integrity became a hot issue in science policy (Tchao, 2014). Moreover, papers retracted for fraud or other reasons should not be cited or used anymore. Although in most cases they are earmarked as retracted in bibliographic databases and in the electronic version of journals, they often remain cited a long time after the retraction notice is published. The misconduct case of Jan Hendrik Schön is a well know example. It attracted a lot of attention due to the renown of the researcher’s institute, the claims and the sheer number of publications involved. This researcher co-authored more than 100 papers and rose through prominence at the turn of the century with a number of apparent ground breaking discoveries in materials science. This study analyzes the context in which the papers from Schön, retracted or not, were referred to, and in which connotation using a full-text based citation analysis.

scholarly journals Bibliometric Analysis of Information and Communication Technology Research in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 267-272
Author(s):  
Mariam Memon ◽  
Sania Bhatti ◽  
Mohsin Memon
Keyword(s):  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
National University ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Future 2 ◽  
Do So

ICTs plays a vital role in a country’s economic growth. Hence, being a developing country, Pakistan must make extensive efforts to promote research and development of this field but in order to do so, it is imperative that research competence of most productive Pakistani institutions and authors must be measured and assessed. This research work uses bibliometric methods to systematically study and analyze ICT based publications included in the Scopus database that have originated from Pakistan from 2010 to 2019. This bibliometric analysis discovered the following: (1) Scientific publications and received citations during the time have mostly increased and would probably have an increasing trend in the future; (2) The most active institution in Pakistan for ICT publications is National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan and (3) the most active author in this field is Javaid N. with respect to number of publications. The research in this paper is helpful for scholars, policy makers and institutes to understand their development status and productivity for better decision making especially in terms of funding.

ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID: PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6(72) (1) ◽  
pp. 197-219
Author(s):  
I. V. Cheretaev ◽  
D. R. Khusainov ◽  
E. N. Chuyan ◽  
M. Yu. Ravaeva ◽  
A. N. Gusev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Thermal Pain ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Electrical Stimuli

The purpose of the review is to summarize current literature data and the results of our own research on the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of acetylsalicylic acid, as well as the physiological mechanisms underlying them. This acid is the most studied reference representative of salicylates, which is convenient to consider the physiological effects characteristic in general for this group of chemical and medicinal products. Acetylsalicylic acid has analgesic properties against thermal pain and pain caused by electrical stimuli, as well as a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. The realization of these properties depends on the peculiarities of aspirin metabolism in the body, ion and synaptic mechanisms for controlling the functional state of the cell, neurotransmitter systems of the сentral nervous system, and mechanisms of peripheral and сentral analgesia. Analgesic properties of acetylsalicylic acid founded not only in normal, but also in ultra-small doses. Various physical and especially chemical factors significantly change their effects. This increases the interest in studying the analgesic activity of salicylates and their physiological mechanisms, since such studies can serve as a basis for creating new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with low toxicity and high safety for patients, and improve the strategy of their practical use. Currently, the most detailed study of the physiological mechanism of analgesic and anti-inflammatory action of aspirin and its main metabolite – salicylic acid. However, it should be note that despite the abundance of existing data obtained in scientific studies of the effects of aspirin and its practical use, there are a number of unexplained aspects of the action of this drug, the mechanism of which has not yet been deciphered. The continuing interest in the effects and mechanisms of action of this drug and in connection with the expansion of its use evidenced by a consistently high number of scientific publications on aspirin in the most famous foreign and domestic publications. At the same time, the number of publications about aspirin is an order of magnitude higher than about any other drug known to humanity.

scholarly journals Physiological and Psychological Effects of Watching Videos of Different Durations Showing Urban Bamboo Forests with Varied Structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3434
Author(s):  
Yuqian Wang ◽  
Mingyan Jiang ◽  
Yinshu Huang ◽  
Zhiyi Sheng ◽  
Xiao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Skin Conductance ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Psychological Indicators ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Long Time

This study illustrated the physiological and psychological effects of watching videos of different durations showing bamboo forests with varied structures. Physiological indicators, including EEG (electroencephalogram), blood pressure, skin conductance, and pulse, were monitored in 180 Chinese university students (mean age: 20.72 ± 2.56 years) while they were watching bamboo videos. Before and after watching the videos, their psychological indicators, including positive and negative moods, were measured using the Profile of Mood States questionnaire. After watching the bamboo videos of different durations, all of the physiological indicators responded to the stimulation after only 1 min. The indicators showed different trends at 1, 3 and 5 min. EEG decreased and then was maintained at a stable level after 1 min, and the high β, low β, and α waves had no significant differences between 1, 3 and 5 min. Blood pressure dropped to a stable state after 3 min, and the decline was significantly different greater after 3 min than after 1 min. Skin conductance increased for 1 to 5 min, and it did not stabilize after a long time (5 min). Pulse decreased after 1 min but increased after 5 min. After watching the videos with bamboo of varying structures, the physiological and psychological indicators showed significantly different changes. Skin conductance significantly increased (mean value: 6.78%), and the amount of sweat was more effectively reduced, thereby reducing tension, when the students viewed videos of sympodial bamboo forests compared with monopodial bamboo forests. Bamboo forests with a higher canopy density (0.83–0.85) could significantly decrease α waves (mean value: 1.50 Hz), relaxing the human body. High β and low β waves showed greater decreases, with tension reduced more effectively, when bamboo forests with a low tilt ratio (< 1.5%) were viewed. Bamboo forests with neat undergrowth could have more beneficial physiological and psychological effects on the human body.

scholarly journals Global research activity on antimicrobial resistance in food-producing animals

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waleed M. Sweileh
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
One Health ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Search Query ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Research Theme ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Number Of Citations

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global challenge that requires a “One Health” approach to achieve better public health outcomes for people, animals, and the environment. Numerous bibliometric studies were published on AMR in humans. However, none was published in food-producing animals. The current study aimed at assessing and analyzing scientific publications on AMR in food-producing animals. Method A validated search query was developed and entered in Scopus advanced search function to retrieve and quantitatively analyze relevant documents. Bibliometric indicators and mapping were presented. The study period was from 2000 to 2019. Results The search query retrieved 2852 documents. During the period from 2015 to 2019, approximately 48% of the retrieved documents were published. The article about the discovery of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance in pigs received the highest number of citations (n = 1970). The Journal of Food Protection (n = 123; 4.3%) ranked first in the number of publications while the Applied and Environmental Microbiology journal ranked first in the number of citations per document. The USA led with 576 (20.2%) documents followed by China (n = 375; 13.1%). When the number of publications was standardized by income and population size, India (n = 51.5) ranked first followed by China (n = 38.3) and Brazil (n = 13.4). The growth of publications from China exceeded that of the USA in the last 3 years of the study period. Research collaboration in this field was inadequate. Mapping author keywords showed that E. coli, Salmonella, poultry, Campylobacter, chicken, cattle, and resistant genes were most frequent. The retrieved documents existed in five research themes. The largest research theme was about AMR in Salmonella in food-producing animals. The most recent research theme was about the dissemination and molecular transfer of AMR genes into the environment and among different bacterial strains. Conclusion Hot spots of research on AMR in food-producing animals match the world regions of reported hot spots of AMR in animals. Research collaboration in this field is of great importance, especially with low- and middle-income countries. Data on AMR need to be collected nationally and internationally to implement the “One Health” approach in the fight against AMR.

THE EFFECTS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE COMBINED WITH ACUPRESSURE POINTS, MASSAGE TREATMENT AND “DOC HOAT TANG KY SINH” REMEDY ON TREATING SCIATICA DUE TO LUMBAR SPONDYLOSIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Giang Huynh Huong ◽  
Tan Nguyen Thi ◽  
Hung Nguyen Van
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Working Ability ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Lumbar Spondylosis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Massage Treatment ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Methods Of Treatment

Background: Sciatica due to lumbar spondylosis is a common disease syndrome, include pathological signs from lumbar spine and sciatic nerve. It occurs for a long time and affects to working ability and daily life. Currently there are many methods of treatment with modern medicine and traditional medicine. Electroacupuncture combined with acupressure point, massage treatment and “Doc hoat tang ky sinh” remedy is a highly effective method on treating sciatica due to lumbar spondylosis. Objectives: To evaluate the effectives of electroacupuncture combined with acupressure point, massage treatment and “Doc hoat tang ky sinh” remedy on treating sciatica due to lumbar spondylosis. Materials and Method: A total of 43 patients was diagnosed sciatica caused by lumbar spondylosis who treated at Thua Thien Hue Traditional Medicine Hospital. The study was designed by method of prospective study, assessed the results before and after the treatment. Results: Very good: 34.9%; good: 34.9%; average 7%. There was not any unexpected effects observed in this trial. Conclusion: Electroacupuncture combined with acupressure point, massage treatment and “Doc hoat tang ky sinh” remedy is a effective method on treating sciatica caused by lumbar spondylosis. Key words: sciatica, lumbar spondylosis, acupuncture, electroacupuncture, acupressure point, massage treatment

scholarly journals Patients' anxiety before cardiac catheterization

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Loureiro Buzatto ◽  
Suely Sueko Viski Zanei
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Catheterization ◽  
Patient Information ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Patient Understanding ◽  
Post Procedure ◽  
Long Time ◽  
On Line ◽  
First Time ◽  
Multiprofessional Approach ◽  
Pharmacologic Therapies

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify researches related to anxiety and strategies to reduce it in patients who are in the pre-cardiac catheterization period. Methods: A bibliographic research was carried out in the on line databases of PubMed, MedLine, CINAHL, LILACS and SciELO, from 1997 to 2009 in MedLine and from 1999 to 2009 in the others databases. The boolean expressions “and” and “or” has been used with the descriptors in Portuguese and in English. The inclusion of discerning was related about the presence, level and workable of the anxiety from the period of pre-cardiac catheterization. Results: Coping most of 17 researches selected were in American scientific publications, with experimental-descriptive studies. The possibilities of intercurrence and/or complications during and post-procedure, diagnostic, possibility of bad prognostic, being alone during the waiting, the first time submission the procedure, lost information and/or orientation and long time waiting could cause anxiety in pre-cardiac catheterization. Maintenance of escort and family alongside the patient, information adapted to the patient understanding level, overcoming traumas and difficulties with a multiprofessional approach, pharmacologic and non pharmacologic therapies were strategies to reduce the anxiety. Conclusions: The nurses are responsible to provide a humanized assistance to offer a fast recuperation, minimize traumas of the hospitalization and the procedure. The knowledge of the causes and the strategies are fundamental to reduce the level of anxiety in pre-catheterization cardiac.

scholarly journals Resources and Capabilities from Their Very Outset: a Bibliometric Comparison Between Scopus and the Web of Science

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mileidy Alvarez-Melgarejo ◽  
Martha L. Torres-Barreto
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Bibliometric Method ◽  
Search Results ◽  
Resources And Capabilities ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Web

The bibliometric method has proven to be a powerful tool for the analysis of scientific publications, in such a way that allows rating the quality of the knowledge generating process, as well as its impact on firm´s environment. This article presents a comparison between two powerful bibliographic databases in terms of their coverage and the usefulness of their content. The comparison starts with a subject associated to the relationship between resources and capabilities. The outcomes show that the search results differ between both databases. The Web Of Science (WOS), has a greater coverage than SCOPUS has.  It also has a greater impact in terms of most cited authors and publications. The search results in the WOS yield articles from 2001, while Scopus yields articles from 1976, however, some of the latter are inconsistent with the topic being searched. The analysis points to a lack of studies regarding resources as foundations of firm´s capabilities; as a result, new research on this field is suggested.

scholarly journals Administrative Background and the Process of Migrant Integration in Hungary

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-446
Author(s):  
István Temesi
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Political Decisions ◽  
The Eu

Some EU member states have been migrant destinations for a long time, while others have lost a considerable part of their population since their accession to the EU. Hungary belongs to the latter. Large numbers of immigrants have not been arriving here since the end of the war in former Yugoslavia. However, in 2015 Hungary was suddenly strongly affected by mass migration, mainly because of the country’s geographical location. Mass migration has strongly influenced politics as the decision-maker and public administration as the executor of political decisions. Both the decisions and the policy-makers have been strongly criticised for taking a different approach to the situation compared with many other European countries. The Hungarian government’s priority was to reduce or stop mass migration and it used political, legal, and physical instruments selected for this purpose. This study does not aim to judge whether they are right or wrong. Hungarian public administration has had to adapt to the situation and it has done so by way of implementing new and modified legal rules. However, due to the political decisions described above, it has developed and changed at the same time.

The Longevity of Homosexuals: Before and after the Aids Epidemic

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Cameron ◽  
William L. Playfair ◽  
Stephen Wellum
Keyword(s):  
Early Death ◽  
Drug Abusers ◽  
Surgeon General ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Short Lifespan ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Intravenous Drug Abusers ◽  
Age Of Death

Although the U.S. Surgeon General characterized homosexual sex as “normal” and “healthy,” homosexuals and IV drug abusers have suffered disproportionately from the AIDS epidemic. Longevity is often utilized as a measure of health. How long did homosexuals live before the AIDS epidemic and how long do they live today? We examined 6,737 obituaries/death notices from eighteen U.S. homosexual journals over the past thirteen years and compared them to obituaries from two conventional newspapers. The obituaries from the non-homosexual newspapers were similar to U.S. averages for longevity: the median age of death of married men was seventy-five, 80 percent died old (65 or older); for unmarried men it was fifty-seven, 32 percent died old; for married women it was seventy-nine, 85 percent died old; for unmarried women it was seventy-one, 60 percent died old. For the 6,574 homosexual deaths, the median age of death if AIDS was the cause was thirty-nine irrespective of whether or not the individual had a Long Time Sexual Partner [LTSP], 1 percent died old. For those 829 who died of non-AIDS causes the median age of death was forty-two (41 for those 315 with a LTSP and 43 for those 514 without) and <9 percent died old. Homosexuals more frequently met a violent end from accidental death, traffic death, suicide, and murder than men in general. The 163 lesbians registered a median age of death of forty-four (20% died old) and exhibited high rates of violent death and cancer as compared to women in general. Old homosexuals appear to have been proportionately less numerous than their non-homosexual counterparts in the scientific literature from 1858 to 1993. The pattern of early death evident in the homosexual obituaries is consistent with the pattern exhibited in the published surveys of homosexuals and intravenous drug abusers. Homosexuals may have experienced a short lifespan for the last 140 years; AIDS has apparently reduced it about 10 percent. Such an abbreviated lifespan puts the healthfulness of homosexuality in question.

scholarly journals Assessment of Timber Roof Structures before and after Earthquakes

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 528
Author(s):  
Nikola Perković ◽  
Mislav Stepinac ◽  
Vlatka Rajčić ◽  
Jure Barbalić
Keyword(s):  
Test Methods ◽  
Timber Structures ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Roof Structure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Timber Roof Structures ◽  
Non Destructive

The global objective of sustainable development has been greatly directed toward the preservation of existing structures. Therefore, condition assessment and reconstruction of existing timber structures have been gaining importance in recent times. This is particularly evident on timber roofs whose elements are exposed to degradation, either because of rheological effects or due to the direct influence of moisture and biological factors. In case of accidental events, such as an earthquake, the question of the structure’s condition is essential for the condition of the entire building. In order to prove the load-bearing capacity and serviceability of existing structures, as well as to check the need for reconstruction, it is necessary to define crucial parameters that are influencing the condition of materials, elements, and systems. Although there are many non destructive testing methods, the frequency and scope of their use, as well as the decision-making approach, have not been defined. In the paper, non-destructive and semi-destructive methods frequently used for timber structures are explained. A systematic review of criteria to be used in the assessment of load-bearing timber structures in a seismic active area was the main objective of this paper as well as the illustration of non-destructive and semi-destructive test methods through a case study involving roof construction of a hundred-year-old building in Zagreb, Croatia. Pre- and post-earthquake inspection was made. The overall condition of the roof structure after two significant earthquakes can be assessed as satisfactory given that the observed system is a large-span and massive roof structure. The presented results and identification of typical damages after the earthquake are presented in order to facilitate policy makers and for the future implementation of development strategies in the renovation of the city.

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