scholarly journals Impact of Vermicompost and Chemical Fertilizer on Yield, Growth and Essential oil of Garlic (Allium sativum L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Sajedeh Golmohammadzadeh ◽  
Sobhanallah Ghanbari ◽  
Seyede Roghaye Hosseini Valiki ◽  
Hasan Hasannia
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
The Cost

In order to investigate the influence of vermicompost and chemical fertilizers on growth parameters and essential oil of garlic (Allium sativum), an experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with 7 treatments, 4 replications and 21 plots was carried out in Qaemshahr, Iran 2012.Treatments were included witness (control), 5, 10, 15, 20and25t/ha vermicompost and NPK fertilizers. Results showed that all agronomic traits were significantly affected by vermicompost and chemical fertilizers compared to the control. The maximum shoot wet weight and shoot dry weight recorded in chemical and vermicompost treatments, respectively.The maximum number ofbulbletsper plantand bulb dry weigh observed vermicompost treatment (20 t/ha). Among all treatment, vermicompost had highest effect on essential oil compared to chemical fertilizer. In general, 15 t/ha of vermicompost treatment compared to other treatments was appropriate for yield andproduction essential oil and reducing the cost of crop production.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i4.12675

scholarly journals Evaluation of Growth and Yield of Purple Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.) in Response to Biological and Chemical Fertilizers

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Reza Isazadeh Hajagha ◽  
Saliha Kirici ◽  
Leila Tabrizi ◽  
Ahmad Asgharzadeh ◽  
Aydin Hamidi
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Purple Coneflower ◽  
Second Year

In order to study the effects of biological and chemical fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative yields of purple coneflower, an experiment was carried out during 2010-2012. The morphological traits such as plant height, number of lateral shoots, shoot fresh and dry weight, root fresh and dry weight, number of inflorescences per plant, number of flower buds per plant, and essential oil content and yield were measured. The results showed significant effects of the treatments on the growth parameters. In the second year, the mixture of the three bacteria plus mycorrhizal inoculum improved important parameters such as shoot dry weight (40.42%), root dry weight (60.02%), and number of inflorescences per plant (65.68%). Interestingly, these values were not significantly different from obtained results by the chemical fertilizers. Additionally, the essential oil content in plants treated with the mixture of the three bacteria were 152.14% and 25.11% higher than the control plants in the first and the second year, respectively. The essential oil yield in plants treated with the mixture of the three bacteria was higher than those treated with the chemical fertilizers in two years. The results indicate that using biological fertilizers is a good choice to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers as an important tool to contribute to a sustainable agriculture.

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) yield influenced by Albizia leaf mould and banana peel with half dosage of NP chemical fertilizers

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-282
Author(s):  
UHN Gayathri ◽  
Thayamini H Seran
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Combined Application

Dried Albizia leaf mould (10 mt/ha) and banana peel (0.1-0.5 mt/ha) with reduced level of NP chemical fertilizers were applied on the production of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.).The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with seven treatments. The result revealed that the combined application of 10 mt/ha leaf mould and 0.1 mt/ha banana peel with 50% NP chemical fertilizer as basal and 50% N as top dressing (T6) exhibited higher yield than recommended 100% NPK chemical fertilizer alone (T2). Plants treated with fertilizers showed significant influences (P<0.05) in the growth parameters such as leaf area, length, fresh and dry weight among treatments. Remarkable differences (P>0.05) in number of fruits per plant were obtained. Among the treatments, considerable variations in fruit diameter, fresh and dry weight of fruit (P<0.05) were observed. An increase in the fresh weight of fruit per plant by approximately 8.5% was obtained in T6 when compared with the control (T2). The marketable fruit yield per m2 was 654.71 g in T6 and 603.61 g in the control. It was also noted that combined use of organic (leaf mould with banana peel) and chemical fertilizers increased fruit yield when compared to the application of organic fertilizer (leaf mould with banana peel) alone as basal application. From this study, it could be concluded that Albizialeaf mould (10 mt/ha) and banana peel (0.1 mt/ha) with 50% NP chemical fertilizers as basal and also 50% N chemical fertilizer as top dressing could be used for obtaining high fruit yield in okra cultivation. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.55(4), 273-282, 2020

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MINERAL DEFICIENCY ON MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND ON SHOOT AND ROOT MINERAL PARTITIONING IN THREE SUNFLOWER VARIETIES / EFECTO DE LA FALTA DE ELEMENTOS MINERALAS SOBRE LOS PARAMENTROS MORFOLOGICOS Y FISIOLOGICOS Y REPARTICION DE ELEMENTOS MINERALES DE LA PARTE SOBRE EL SUELO Y DE LA RAIZ EN TRES VARIEDADES / INFLUENCE DE LA CARENCE D’ÉLÉMENTS MINÉRAUX SUR LES PARAMÈTRES MORPHOLOGIQUES ET PHYSIOLOGIQUES ET SUR LA DISTRIBUTION DES ÉLÉMENTS MINÉRAUX ENTRE LA PARTIE AÉRIENNE ET LA RACINE POUR TROIS SORTES DE TOURNESOL

Helia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (35) ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
Mohammed El Midaoui ◽  
Ahmed Talouizte ◽  
Benbella Mohamed ◽  
Serieys Hervé ◽  
Ait Houssa Abdelhadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mineral Deficiency ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Matter Effect

SUMMARYAn experiment has been carried out in order to study the behaviour under mineral deficiency of three sunflower genotypes, a population variety (Oro 9) and two hybrids (Mirasol and Albena). Sunflower seedlings were submitted to five treatments: N deficiency (N0), P deficiency (P0), K deficiency (K0), N and K deficiency (N0K0) and a control. Plants were harvested when they reached 3-4 true pairs of leaves. Growth parameters measured (height, total leaf area, root length, root and shoot dry mater) were all significantly reduced by mineral deficiency. Leaf area was most reduced by N0 (-61%) and P0 (-56%). Total dry matter was most affected by N0 (-63%) and by N0K0 (-66%). Genotype comparisons showed that Oro 9 had the highest shoot dry matter while Albena had the lowest root dry matter. Effect of mineral deficiency on content and partitioning of N, P, K, Ca and Na was significant and varied according to treatments and among plant parts. Shoot dry weight was significantly correlated with root N content (r2=0.81) and root K content (r2=-0.61) for N0 and K0.

scholarly journals Applications of plant growth promoting bacteria and Trichoderma spp. for controlling Orobanche crenata in faba bean

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Ahmed Touny El-Dabaa ◽  
Hassan Abd-El-Khair
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Orobanche Crenata ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

Abstract Background Orobanche crenata is an obligate root parasite belonging to Orbanchaceae. Broomrape causes great damage to the faba bean. Several attempts were applied for controlling parasitic weeds. So, the aim of this work is to study the application of Trichoderma spp. as well as three rhizobacteria species in comparison to herbicidal effect of Glyphosate (Glialka 48% WSC) for controlling broomrape infesting faba bean (Vicia faba). Materials and methods Three pot experiments were carried out in the greenhouse of the National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt during two successive winter seasons. Trichoderma inocula were adjusted to 3.6 × 108 propagules/ml and the bacterium inocula were adjusted at 107–109 colony-forming unit (CFU)/ml. All treatments were applied, before 1 week of sowing, at rate of 50 ml per pot in experiments I and II, while 100 ml per pot in experiment III. Results Trichoderma spp. (T. harzianum, T. viride and T. vierns) as well as three rhizobacteria species (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus) enhanced the growth parameters in faba bean plants, i.e. shoot length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight and leaf number in the first experiment when applied without O. crenata infection. In the second experiment, all bio-control could protect plants against O. crenata infection, where it had better juvenile number reduction, than glyphosate after 2 months of application. Both B. subtilis and B. pumilus had the highest reduction to juvenile fresh weight, while their effect was equal to herbicide for juvenile dry weight, respectively. The bio-control agents had high effects until the 4th month, but it was less than that of the herbicide. In experiment III, the bio-control agents could highly reduce the juvenile parameters after 2 months, as well as juvenile fresh weight and juvenile dry weight after 4 months, than the herbicide, respectively. The bio-control agents were effective until 6 months, but less than the herbicide effect. All bio-control treatments highly increased the plant growth parameters, than the herbicide. Conclusion The application of Trichoderma spp. as well as rhizobacteria species could play an important role in controlling broomrape in faba bean as a natural bioherbicide.

scholarly journals Growth response of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp) on saline and alfisol soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 306 ◽  
pp. 01010
Author(s):  
M. Soedarjo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

As an archipelago country, Indonesia is surrounded by abundant saline soils which could be potential for growing food crops. The research work was conducted to study the growth responses of some pigeon pea genotypes on saline soils. The genotypes of Pigeon pea (LG Kidul, Mega, 90024, 91043 and 94028), as treatment, were grown on Alfisol soil (non-saline) and on saline soil. The experiment was carried out using completely randomized design and replicated three times. All data observed were analyzed by employing standard deviation from 3 replicates. The results of present research work revealed a significant growth retardation of pigeon pea when grown on saline soil. All growth parameters, plant height, plant diameter, root dry weight, and shoot dry weight were significantly lower on saline soil than on Alfisol soil. High concentration of Na+ was observed in roots, shoots and leaves of pigeon pea indicating growth retardation and toxicity symptoms of pigeon pea on saline soil was due to Na+.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan tandan kosong kelapa sawit sisa jamur merang (Volvariella volvacea)(TKSJ) sebagai pupuk organik pada pembibitan kelapa sawit Utilization of spent mushroom (Volvariella volvacea) media derived from empty fruit bunches of oil palm (SMEB) as organic fertilizer on oil palm seedling

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Happy WIDIASTUTI ◽  
. TRI-PANJI
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Volvariella Volvacea ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Leaf Dry Weight

SummaryThe utilization of lignocellulolitic emptyfruit-bunches of oil-palm (EFBOP) material asstraw mushroom (Volvariella volvacea) mediacould produce short chain organic carbon andnutrients which may be available for growth ofplant. This research was aimed to determine theeffect of spent mushroom media amendmentderived from empty fruit bunches of oil palm(SMEB) as organic fertilizer on the growth andnutrient uptake of oil palm seedling. Theexperiment was conducted at greenhouse usingacid soil. Oil palm seedling was grown in 60 x 50cm polybags. The experiment was carried out toexamine 20 treatments i.e. combinations of fourlevel of SMEB (0, 25%, 50%, and 75% w/w) andfive dosages of conventional fertilizer (0, 25%,50%, 75%, and 100%) recommended dosages.The experiment was conducted using completerandomized design with factorial type. Theresearch showed that the amendment of SMEB atthe level of 25% could increase the height ofseedling, fresh weight of root, stem, and seedlingsas well as dry weight of oil palm stem. However,for leaf dry weight, a higher addition of SMEB upto 50% was needed. Fertilizing at 25% ofrecommended dosage could increase the seedlingheight, fresh weight of stem and leaf while forseedling fresh weight and leaf number, higheraddition of fertilizer up to 50% was needed.Significantly higher uptake of K and Mg wasobserved on the amendment of 75% of SMEB.The higher addition of SMEB (up to 75% w/w)did not decrease any growth parameters andnutrient uptake. However, the addition of 100%of recommended chemical fertilizer tended todecrease various growth parameters and uptakeof N, P, K, and Mg of oil palm seedling.RingkasanPenggunaan bahan lignoselulosa sebagaimedium jamur merang (Volvariella volvacea)diketahui dapat menghasilkan senyawa karbonrantai pendek demikian pula hara tersedia,sehingga diduga bahan ini dapat digunakansebagai pupuk organik untuk tanaman. Penelitiandilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberiantandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) sisa mediumjamur merang (TKSJ) terhadap pertumbuhan danserapan hara bibit kelapa sawit. Percobaandilakukan di rumah kaca menggunakan tanahbereaksi masam. TKKS sisa medium jamurmerang (TKSJ) sesuai dosis perlakuan dicampurdengan tanah dan selanjutnya bibit kelapa sawitditanam di polibag berukuran 60 x 50 cm.Percobaan dilakukan untuk menguji 20 perlakuanyang merupakan kombinasi empat tingkat TKSJ(0, 25%, 50% dan 75% b/b) dan lima dosis pupukkonvensional (0, 25%, 50%, 75% dan 100%)dosis rekomendasi. Percobaan dilakukan meng-gunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan polafaktorial. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwapemberian TKSJ pada tingkat 25% dapatmeningkatkan tinggi bibit, bobot basah akar,batang, dan bibit serta bobot kering batangkelapa sawit. Namun, untuk peubah bobot keringdaun diperlukan pemberian TKSJ yang lebihtinggi yaitu 50%. Pemupukan pada dosis 25%rekomendasi meningkatkan tinggi, bobot basahbatang dan daun sedangkan untuk jumlah daundan bobot basah bibit diperlukan dosis pupuk50%. Serapan hara K dan Mg nyata lebih tinggipada pemberian 75% TKSJ. Pemberian TKSJpada jumlah yang tinggi (hingga 75% b/b) tidakmenyebabkan penurunan berbagai peubah per-tumbuhan dan serapan hara, namun pemberianpupuk 100% rekomendasi cenderung menurun-kan berbagai peubah pertumbuhan dan serapanhara N, P, K, dan Mg bibit kelapa sawit.

scholarly journals Response of 10 Aster Species to Saline Water Irrigation

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shasha Wu ◽  
Youping Sun ◽  
Genhua Niu ◽  
James Altland ◽  
Raul Cabrera
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Salt Damage ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Poor Quality Water ◽  
Copper Canyon

Asteraceae is one of the largest plant families with many important garden ornamental species. Salt tolerance of 10 aster perennials was evaluated in a greenhouse experiment, including the following: damianita (Chrysactinia mexicana), gregg’s mistflower (Eupatorium greggii), shasta daisy (Leucanthemum ×superbum ‘Becky’), blackfoot daisy (Melampodium leucanthum), lavender cotton (Santolina chamaecyparissus), aromatic aster (Symphyotrichum oblongifolium), copper canyon daisy (Tagetes lemmonii), four-nerve daisy (Tetraneuris scaposa), skeleton-leaf goldeneye (Viguiera stenoloba), and zexmenia (Wedelia texana). Plants were irrigated with nutrient solution at electrical conductivity (EC) of 1.2 dS·m−1 (control) or saline solutions at EC of 5.0 or 10.0 dS·m−1 (EC 5 or EC 10) for 5 weeks. Upon termination, growth parameters, foliar salt damage, relative chlorophyll content [Soil-Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) readings], and mineral concentration were measured. Gregg’s mistflower, skeleton-leaf goldeneye, and lavender cotton were the most salt-tolerant species with less reductions in shoot dry weight (DW) in both EC 5 and EC 10. Considering the relatively severe foliar salt damage (visual quality score of 3.1 and 2.7 at EC 5; 2.4 and 1.6 at EC 10) and mortality rate (10% and 40%) in EC 10, aromatic aster and zexmenia should be avoided where poor quality water may be used for irrigation. Gregg’s mistflower and skeleton-leaf goldeneye had relatively lower leaf sodium (Na) concentrations suggesting that both species can selectively exclude Na. Damianita and the four daisies, i.e., blackfoot daisy, copper canyon daisy, four-nerve daisy, and shasta daisy, were salt sensitive as evidenced by their greater growth reduction, foliar salt damage, and high Na and chlorine (Cl) accumulation in leaves, and should be avoided in landscapes where poor quality water may be used for irrigation.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Source and Concentration Affect Growth and Performance of Bedding-plant Impatiens

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 776D-776
Author(s):  
Fredy R. Romero* ◽  
Richard J. Gladon ◽  
Henry G. Taber
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
High Quality ◽  
N Sources ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Bedding Plant ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
And Performance

Impatiens (Impatiens wallerana Hook. f.) is the most important annual bedding plant in the US, based on wholesale dollar volume. Production of high-quality plants requires optimization of the nutrition regimen during growth, especially the total nitrogen (N) concentration and the ratio of N sources. Our objective was to determine the N concentration and ratio of N sources that optimize bedding-plant impatiens growth and development. We used four N concentrations (3.5, 7, 10.5, and 14 mmol·L-1 of N) in factorial combination with four ratios of nitrate-N (NO3--N) to ammonium-N (NH4+-N) (4:0, 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3). Application of treatments began at day 30, and every-other-day applications were conducted until day 60. From day 60 to day 70 only deionized water was applied. N concentration and source displayed interation for most growth parameters. When N was supplied at a concentration ≤7 mmol·L-1, the NO3--N to NH4+-N ratio did not affect growth. When N was supplied at a concentration ≥10.5 mmol·L-1, a 1:3 NO3--N to NH4+-N ratio yielded the greatest shoot dry weight, shoot fresh weight, plant diameter, and number of flower buds per plant. With a NO3--N to NH4+-N ratio of 4:0, these growth parameters decreased. To produce high-quality, bedding-plant impatiens, N should be applied at NO3--N to NH4+-N ratios between 1:1 and 1:3 in combination with an N concentration of 10.5 mmol·L<-1 at each fertigation from day 30 to day 60 of the production cycle.

scholarly journals Growth response of black velvet tamarind (Dialium guineense Willd) seedling to different potting media

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. U. Osaigbovo ◽  
C. N. C. Nwaoguala
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Potting Media

The response in growth and development of seedlings of Dialium guineense to different potting media was studied in the screen house. Five potting media: River sand (Rs), Top soil (Ts), Poultry manure (Pm), Rice husk (Rh) and Oil palm refuse bunch (OPRB) were used. They were evaluated as sole treatments and in combination with river sand (Rs) in different ratios (1:1, 1:2, 2:5 and 5:2) respectively. Altogether, twenty one (21) potting media types were evaluated. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) in three replications. Data were collected on monthly basis for plant growth parameters, while shoot and root dry weight were measured at the end of the experiment. On the average the seedlings of D. guineense responded best on the Rs + Ts 1:2 growth medium in number of leaves (16.67), stem girth (0.31 cm), number of nodes (11.67), shoot dry weight (1.24 g) and root dry weight (0.50 g). Rs + Ts 1:2 was followed by Rs + Pm 1:1 and Ts sole respectively with respect to the growth parameters evaluated and were not significantly (p 0.05) from one another, but were significantly (p < 0.05) different from other media and their combinations with river sand.

Salinity-induced changes in growth morphology, gas exchange and leaf abscisic acid level of fifteen polyembryonic mango (Mangifera indica L.) genotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 170-181
Author(s):  
P.K. Nimbolkar ◽  
Reju M. Kurian ◽  
K.K. Upreti ◽  
R.H. Laxman ◽  
L.R. Varalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Abscisic Acid Level ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Aba Content

Mango is a commercial fruit crop in different parts of the tropical and subtropical world. Commercially important monoembryonic varieties are propagated through grafting onto rootstock seedlings of polyembryonic genotypes that plays an important role in sustained growth and production. Use of salt tolerant genotypes as rootstock to combat the adverse effect of salinity could be helpful for commercial mango production in salt affected areas. Current study was carried out to elucidate the effect of salinity stress induced by NaCl + CaCl2 (1:1 w/w) at 0, 25, 50 and 100 mM concentrations in irrigation water on candidate polyembryonic mango genotypes namely EC-95862, Bappakkai, Vellaikolamban, Nekkare, Turpentine, Muvandan, Kurukkan, Kensington, Olour, Manipur, Deorakhio, Vattam, Mylepelian, Sabre and Kitchener. We studied the morpho-physiological changes of these seedlings under salinity induced stress for determining their relative tolerance by assessing growth parameters such as plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, inter-nodal length, fresh weight of shoot, fresh weight of root, dry weight of shoot, dry weight of root, stem diameter and physiological parameters like photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, number of stomata and stomata length and width, in addition to ABA content in leaves. Our results clarifies that the polyembryonic genotypes Turpentine, Deorakhio Olour and Bappakkai showed less reduction in terms of growth and better maintenance of gas exchange status under higher level of salinity.

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