scholarly journals Perceived Discrimination and Problems Faced by Gender and Sexual Minorities in Kathmandu

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Sudha Ghimire ◽  
Gyanu Maharjan ◽  
Binita Maharjan
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Minorities ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Lgbt People ◽  
Equal Right ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Equality and freedom from discrimination are fundamental human right regardless of sexual orientation, gender identity. Despite a society that is moving forward in acceptance of differences, many young people still maintain uncomfortable and confused attitudes towards on-heterosexual lifestyles. Thus, this study was conducted to assess the perceived discrimination and problems faced by gender and sexual minorities in Kathmandu. Descriptive cross-sectional design and purposive sampling method was utilized to select sample. The study was conducted on Gender and sexual Minorities Forum Nepal, blue diamond society in Kathmandu from 17th July to 20 August 2018. Semi-structured self administered questionnaire was used to collect data, followed by some qualitative interview with selected participants. Among 112 respondents, almost half were gay, one third were transgender women and few were transgender men, lesbians and bisexuals. In work place more than half (69.1%) were verbally harassed, almost half (45.7%) were denied from job; one third (34.6%) were physically tortured. Majority of the respondents (80.5%) were verbally harassed in educational institutes, most of the respondents (91.7%) in public bathroom and public places, (84.6%) by police, almost half of all (49.4%) were physically tortured and (33.3%) were bullied in school. More than half (62.3%) were denied for house rent. Majority of the respondents (36.5%) accepted discrimination as a fact of life. Despite many supportive laws and provisions, LGBT people still face societal discrimination in Nepal. Thus, its humanitarian that sexual minorities are also a part of society and they have equal right to have dignified life.

PREVALENCE & CORRELATES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS AMONG URBAN FIELD-LEVEL HEALTH WORKERS ACTIVELY INVOLVED IN COVID-19 SURVEILLANCE IN A MUNICIPALITY AREA IN WEST BENGAL.

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
Soumitra Mondal ◽  
Saikat Bhattacharya ◽  
Rahul Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Muslim Population ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Background: Psychological stress is rapidly becoming an occupational health epidemic. COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to signicantly affect the psychological stress of healthcare workers (HCWs), who stand in the frontline of this crisis. It is, therefore, an immediate priority to monitor psychological stress in order to understand mediating factors and inform tailored interventions. The aim of this study is to elicit the prevalence of psychological stress among Health Care Workers in a municipality area during the Covid-19 outbreak. Methods: This observational & descriptive epidemiological study with cross-sectional design was conducted from August to September, 2020 eld level health workers actively involved in COVID-19 surveillance in urban areas. The sample size of 62 was calculated by 4PQL2 where P stands for prevalence of reference study. A predesigned, pretested self administered questionnaire containing validated General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was used for data collection. The questionnaire was translated to two local languages i.e Bengali & hindi to so that participants can understand it by themselves. Findings:Atotal of 75 urban Health workers participated in the study and 68 of them properly completed the questionnaire.According to GHQ-12 score 47.2% are found to be stressed. Stress is signicantly higher in Muslim population & among widows. There is signicant correlation between GHG-12 score & per capita income but there is no signicant correlation with income contribution by the health worker. There is highly signicant association between stress & the perception of work place safety. It is also seen that those whose motivation of work is money only are signicantly more stressed than those who motivation is to perform some social work

scholarly journals The use of hypnotics for primary insomnia in Saudi Arabia: a survey of patients’ experiences and perceptions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Dobia ◽  
Kath Ryan ◽  
Mohammed Abutaleb ◽  
Ahmed BaHammam ◽  
Alexander Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Primary Insomnia ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Sleeping Pills ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
University Degree ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Saudi Patients

Abstract Background: This study investigated the experiences and perceptions of Saudi patients with primary insomnia.Method: A cross-sectional design study (July 2019) using a self-administered questionnaire survey.Results: Sixty-eight patients with primary insomnia participated (53% male, 47% female; 60% were younger than 45 years and a majority had a university-degree education level). Of the respondents, 64.7% were dissatisfied with their knowledge of insomnia and 97% wanted more information about its treatment. Approximately 59% used prescribed sleep medicines from the first instance and only 6% were referred to a psychologist for counselling. Benzodiazepines and Z-drugs were prescribed for 16% and 19% of respondents, respectively. A majority of respondents were given antihistamines or over-the-counter herbs. While 60% of patients used medications for long periods, 87% were not involved in treatment decisions. For those on long-term use, 80% were not seen regularly by doctors and 93% were provided with no plan for medicine discontinuations. More than 60% of respondents said that sleeping pills were best for treating insomnia and 31% believed they are safe and would continue taking them. More than 45% would not prefer non-pharmacological treatments (e.g., counselling).Conclusions: Responses to the survey indicate a lack of knowledge about primary insomnia and its treatment among Saudi patients. Prescribing hypnotics is the most common treatment, non-pharmacological treatments are seldom used, and responses indicated inappropriate and long-term use of hypnotics. Patients should be better educated about insomnia and its treatment. Physicians should consider using non-pharmacological treatments and the Saudi Ministry of Health should develop country-specific guidelines.

scholarly journals Attitudes toward breastfeeding practices among breastfeeding women in Buraydah city, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1203
Author(s):  
Alhanof F. Alharbi ◽  
Asma M. Almutairi ◽  
Abeer E. Alrasheedi ◽  
Abdulrhman Aldukhayel ◽  
Sara M. Almutairi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Breastfeeding Attitudes ◽  
Individual Scores ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Purposive Sample

Background: This study assessed the attitudes toward breastfeeding among mothers receiving healthcare services in Primary Healthcare Centers (PHCCs) in Buraydah, Saudi Arabia. It also examined the association between the mothers’ demographic characteristics and breastfeeding attitudes.Methods: This study utilized a descriptive cross-sectional design. A purposive sample of 415 breastfeeding mothers who were receiving healthcare services from the selected PHCCs during the conduct of the study were recruited in PHCCs in Buraydah, Saudi Arabia. A two-part self-administered questionnaire containing a demographic sheet and the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) Arabic version was employed to collect data from the respondents. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used accordingly in data analyses.Results: The overall mean score of the women in the IIFAS was 60.50 (SD = 11.08), with individual scores ranging from 17.00 to 82.00. This finding implies good attitudes toward breastfeeding. Mothers who were divorced/widowed (M = 63.75, SD = 5.20) had significantly better breastfeeding attitudes than married mothers (M = 60.24, SD = 11.38). Mothers who were not working (M = 61.41, SD = 10.03) reported more positive breastfeeding attitudes compared with working mothers (M = 58.36, SD = 13.02).Conclusions: The mothers reported good attitudes toward breastfeeding, but expressed poor beliefs in some areas of breastfeeding. The present findings have implication to medicine, nursing, and healthcare policies.

Knowledge, Misconceptions, and Future Intentions Towards Breastfeeding Among Female University Students in Kuwait

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bader Ebrahim ◽  
Hadeel Al-Enezi ◽  
Mohammed Al-Turki ◽  
Ali Al-Turki ◽  
Fatma Al-Rabah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Skin Rash ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Breastfeeding In Public ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Common Misconceptions

A cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted on female university students (N = 1106) to explore their knowledge and misconceptions on breastfeeding. Most participants recognized the benefits of breastfeeding, but only a few were aware of the recommendation for exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months of life. Misconceptions were common; 66%, 60%, and 55% of participants thought mothers should temporarily stop breastfeeding if they had a fever, skin rash, or sore throat, respectively. Approximately 20% thought mothers should stop breastfeeding if the child had diarrhea, vomiting, or skin rash. Support of breastfeeding in public places was low, but 38% supported breastfeeding in female prayer rooms in public places. Efforts should be made to correct common misconceptions on breastfeeding and increase the support of breastfeeding in public places among university students. Female prayer rooms that exist in all public places in Kuwait can be used to promote breastfeeding in public places in Kuwait.

scholarly journals Discrimination and Distress among Afghan Refugees in Northern California: The Moderating Role of Pre- and Post-Migration Factors

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qais Alemi ◽  
Carl Stempel
Keyword(s):  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Afghan Refugees ◽  
Adjustment Factors ◽  
Migration Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

This study investigates the effect of perceived discrimination on the mental health of Afghan refugees, and secondly, tests the distress moderating effects of pre-migration traumatic experiences and post-resettlement adjustment factors. In a cross-sectional design, 259 Afghans completed surveys assessing perceived discrimination and a number of other factors using scales developed through inductive techniques. Multivariate analyses consisted of a series of hierarchical regressions testing the effect of perceived discrimination on distress, followed by a sequential analysis of moderator variables. Perceived discrimination was significantly associated with higher distress, and this relationship was stronger among those with a strong intra-ethnic identity, high civic engagement, and high pre-resettlement traumatic experiences. Discrimination is a significant source of stress for Afghan refugees, which may exacerbate stresses associated with other post-migration stressors. Future research is needed to tailor interventions that can help mitigate the stress associated with discrimination among this highly vulnerable group.

School-Teachers Knowledge about Prevention of Dental Caries and Malocclusion in India

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
KVV Prasad ◽  
M Shodan ◽  
SB Javali
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Indian School ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

ABSTRACT Objective To Study knowledge and assess factors associated with knowledge towards dental-caries and malocclusion among Indian school-teachers. Methodology Cross-sectional design employed using self-administered questionnaire with personal-interview method. 215 schoolteachers were selected with response rate of 95.34%. Results 36.59% school-teachers have medium knowledge, 26.83% have good knowledge. 30 years above and with additional educational degrees have higher knowledge. Significant association observed between knowledge with education (p<0.05). However, multivariate stepwise-regression analysis showed impact of factors like education, gender and teaching experience significantly correlated to knowledge (R2=0.2296, p<0.05). Conclusion Schoolteachers need to be motivated to improve their awareness and knowledge about oral-health diseases, particularly younger-age groups, those with basic educational qualifications.

scholarly journals Hubungan Kemampuan Mobilisasi dengan Risiko Jatuh pada Lansia Hipertensi

JKEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-25
Author(s):  
Sinta Kholifah Mar'ah Konitatillah ◽  
Latifa Aini Susumaningrum ◽  
Hanny Rasni ◽  
Tantut Susanto ◽  
Roro Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Risk Of Fall ◽  
Elderly Mobility ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Hypertensive elderly influences body balance that affects their ability to mobilize. Therefore, this condition can improve a risk for falling. The aimed of this study was to analyzed the relationship between mobilization ability and risk for fall among elderly with hypertension in Tresna Werdha Social Services (PSTW) Bondowoso. A cross sectional design was conducted among 47 elderly using total sampling. A self-administered questionnaire was used to measure sociodemographic of elderly, while Elderly Mobility Scale (EMS) was performed to measure mobilization ability and Morse Falls Scale was performed to measure risk for fall. The relationship mobilization ability and risk for fall was analysed using Chi Square test. The result showed that among 47 elderly were 49,8% of independent and 46,8% of low risk for falling. There were significantly relationship between mobilization ability and risk for fall (X2 = 14,674; p = 0.001). The conclusion of this study, there is a relationship between mobilization ability and risk of fall among elderly. Therefore, elderly should be active in physical activities  to reduce the risk of falling.

scholarly journals COVID-19: Immediate Predictors of Individual Resilience

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regardt J. Ferreira ◽  
Fred Buttell ◽  
Clare Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Individual Resilience ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

COVID-19 is a pandemic event not seen in a century. This research aims to determine important predictors of resilience towards the COVID 19/Coronavirus Pandemic. This study uses a cross-sectional design, with purposive snowball sampling, for primary survey data collected over 10 weeks starting the first week in April 2020. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire on demographics and behavioral factors. Resilience was assessed using the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and perceived stress was assessed using the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale. 374 adults participated in the survey. OLS regression was performed to determine key associations among demographic variables, resilience measures, and perceived stress brought on by COVID-19. Age and education were statistically significantly positively associated with resilience, while English as a second language was significantly negatively associated. Participants who reported needing help from family and neighbors, total number of days in lockdown, and higher perceived stress were all significantly negatively associated with resilience. This study adds to immediate predictors of individual resilience to the ongoing infectious disease catastrophe created by the COVID-19 pandemic.

A kiégésszindróma vizsgálata a Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Sürgősségi Betegellátó Önálló Osztály dolgozóinak körében

2018 ◽  
Vol 159 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emőke Adrienn Hompoth ◽  
Annamária Töreki ◽  
Zoltán Pető
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Nurses And Physicians ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Day By Day

Abstract: Introduction: Burnout has been described as a growing problem amongst healthcare workers. Emergency department staffs experience the burden of stress day by day, yet only a few studies have examined their burnout. Aim: In this study we wanted to investigate the burnout and its relations to other variables amongst the employees of the Department of Emergency Medicine in Szeged. Method: Cross-sectional design utilizing a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from the staff of the Department. Burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Results: Burnout is considerably prevalent among the workers of the Emergency Department, especially nurses and physicians. The study found negative relation between burnout and age, number of children, number of years in the healthcare system, number of physical symptoms, social support and psychological immune system. Being single was a risk factor. Conclusions: The risks and protective factors found to be associated with burnout in this study might help to set up institutional prevention and intervention strategies. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(3): 113–118.

scholarly journals 2557. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices on Vaccination and Occupational Health Among Healthcare Workers in a Teaching Hospital in Mexico City

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S888-S888
Author(s):  
Claudia Lopez-Enriquez ◽  
Lucia Martinez-Hernandez ◽  
Jose-Juan Donis-hernandez ◽  
Margarita Virgen-Cuevas
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Occupational Accidents ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Abstract Background Vaccination is one of the most effective ways to prevent the transmission of certain bacterial and viral diseases and it has reduced the associated morbidity and mortality. WHO estimates that all over the world 59 million healthcare workers (HCWs) are exposed every day to multiple occupational hazards. Methods Cross-sectional survey of a sample of HCWs from a hospital in Mexico was conducted through an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire between October 2015 and May 2016. Results Of 930 HCWs 76% completed the questionnaire. Among responders 64% declared knowing the required vaccines. Specialties associated with greater knowledge in vaccines were: Internal medicine (70%) (P = 0.04) and Pediatrics (63%) (P = 0.003); however, only 31% and 34% respectively were vaccinated against influenza. The mean number of years since influenza vaccination was 1.5 ± 1.8 and only 30% workers reported having been vaccinated in the period 2015–2016; 61.2% referred at least one dose against hepatitis B with a mean of 4.4 ± 4.4 years since the application, 15% reported knowing their immune status for hepatits B. In total 65% have been vaccinated against Tdap/td with an average of 3.7 ± 3.9 years from application. The reasons for not getting vaccinated included: Not having access to vaccines in 34%, cost in 8%, fear of adverse events 8%, belief of not require to be vaccinated in 5%. A total of 82.5% HCWs have worked while been sick. Reasons: Sense of duty in 57%, perception of poor performance in 21%, not disappointing colleagues in 13% and not letting down patients in 8%. Better compliance in vaccination coverage was observed among laboratory personnel: OR 2.0 (95% CI 1.0–4.7; P = 0.04) and nursing staff: OR 1.5 (95% CI 1.0–2.3; P = 0.01). There was no difference in compliance by medical specialty (P = 0.5). In total 17% HCWS reported having some occupational accident in the last 10 ± 5 years. Working in the emergency room: OR 1.6 (IC95% 1.0–2.4, P = 0.01); Unit of Intensive Care OR: 1.5 (IC 95% 10–2.3; P = 0.3) and operating room OR: 1.5 (IC95% 09–2.5; P = 0.05) were risk factors for occupational accidents. Conclusion HCWs vaccination coverage and knowledge were poor. Considering the important role of HCWs in preventing diseases, it should be mandatory that all HCWs receive proper advice concerning vaccination at their work place. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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