A Study on Role of Follow up in Minor Surgical Procedures

Background: Minor surgical procedures are surgeries that can be performed in the clinic under local anesthesia and doesn’t require preoperative and postoperative admission. In most of the institutions in our country, we advised patients to follow up within 7 to 10 days following minor surgical procedures. Unnecessary follow up increases stress to the patients in terms of not being able to manage daily routine work and would be costly as well. As a General Practitioner, majority of the cases done are the minor surgical procedures. Methods: The study was a prospective cross sectional study conducted in General Surgery Department at United Mission Hospital, Palpa from Dec 2013 to May 2013. 228 patients were divided in two groups of “No follow up” group and “Follow-up” group. No Follow-up Group was asked pre-formed questionnaires by telephone where as Follow-up group were asked to follow up routinely on day 7 to 10 days of surgery and asked the same questions. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS program and Microsoft excel. P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. P-value was determined by using Chi Square test. Result: The overall wound infection among 228 patients was found to be 14.5 percent with infection rate of 16.4 percent in No Follow up group and 12.7 percent in Follow-up group. The infection rate was found to be higher among the older age group of patient maximum being 36.4% in the age group of 50-59 years with p value of 0.053. Other risk factors like age, sex, residence, duration of surgery, socio economic status, history of medical illness and BMI didn’t have significant association with rate of infection following minor surgical procedure. Conclusion: The routine postoperative follow up in minor surgery is unnecessary unless there are any signs suggestive of infection.

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Stunting Diagnostic and Awareness: Impact assessment study of sociodemographic factors of stunting among school-going children of Pakistan (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.17209 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Mahvish Ponum ◽

Saadia Khan ◽

Osman Hasan ◽

Muhammad Tahir Mahmood ◽

Asad Abbas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Parental Education ◽

Work Capacity ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

P Value ◽

Detailed Knowledge ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Study Results

BACKGROUND Stunting is a major public health issue in most of developing countries. Although, its worldwide prevalence is decreasing slowly but the number of stunted children is still rising in Pakistan. Stunting is highly associated with several long-term consequences, including higher rate of mortality and morbidity, deficient cognitive growth, school performance, learning capacity, work capacity and work productivity. To prevent stunting, we proposed Stunting Diagnostic and Education app. This app includes detailed knowledge of stunting and it’s all forms, symptoms, causes, video tutorials and guidelines by the Pediatricians and Nutritionists. OBJECTIVE The aim and objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of stunting in school-going children in Multan District of Punjab Pakistan and to analyze the risk factors associated with stunting in children under and over 5 age. This study presents Stunting Diagnostic and Education app to prevent the stunting in children under 5 age and children over 5 age (where required). METHODS A cross-sectional study has been conducted in schools of Multan District, Pakistan for the period of January 2019 to June 2019. Sample data of 1420 children, aged 4 to 18 years using three age groups, were analyzed by using SPSS version 21.0 to assess the prevalence of stunting and to analyze the main factors associated with it. Chi square test was applied in comparison with rural and urban participants and p-value <0.05 was considered as significant. This study includes distribution of sociodemographic characteristics, parental education, working status of mothers, dietary patterns of school going children and prevalence of stunting in school going children. After getting study results, Stunting Diagnostic and Education app was developed according to the instructions of child experts and nutritionists. RESULTS 354 (24.93%) participants were stunted out of 1420, 11.9 % children were obese and 63.17% children were normal. Out of 354 stunted children, higher ratio of stunting was found in the age group of 8-11 years children with 51.98 percentage. 37.85% stunted children were found in the age group of 4-7 years and 10.17% stunting was found in the age group of 12-18 years children. It was observed in the study that male children were highly stunted than female with 57.91 % and 42.09% respectively. Children living in rural areas were more stunted affected as compared to the children living in urban society with percentage 58.76 and 41.24 respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our study concluded that 24.93% children were stunted, out of which, age group of 8-11 years children were highly stunted. The study showed that the literacy of mother or caregiver had high impact on children’s health. Therefore, Stunting Diagnostic and Education app was developed to educate mothers to prevent stunting.

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The higher reading interest of pregnant mother improves the utilization of MCH book

International Journal of Health Science and Technology ◽

10.31101/ijhst.v1i1.953 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 114-119

Author(s):

Apriliana Apriliana ◽

Intan Mutiara Putri ◽

Suyani Suyani ◽

Istri Utami

Keyword(s):

Health Centre ◽

Primary Data ◽

P Value ◽

Daily Routine ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Close Relatives ◽

Reading Interest ◽

Pregnant Mothers

The utilization of MCH book could be defined to be an activity when a mother and her close relatives actively participate in reading, learning, comprehending the contents of MCH book, and implementing it in daily routine. This research aims to discover the correlation between the reading interest of pregnant mothers and the use of MCH book. This study has been approved by the research ethics committee of Yogyakarta ‘Aisyiyah University. This cross-sectional research was performed at the Community Health Centre of Mlati II Sleman Yogyakarta. Seventy-four pregnant mothers who owned MCH book were derived from incidental sampling technic. The retrieval of primary data used questioner method. The result of chi-square test states that pregnant mothers with higher reading interest will be utilizing the MCH book four times more effective compared to those with lower interest in reading (p-value: 0,005 and 95% CI: 1,488-10,902).

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COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SPIROMETRY PARAMETERS IN HEALTHY YOUNG AND ELDERLY ADULTS POPULATION IN PUNJAB, INDIA

10.36106/ijar/5406276 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Ajay Pal Singh ◽

Kailash Meena ◽

Surinder Pal Singh ◽

Avnish Kumar ◽

Ashish Shukla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Function ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

P Value ◽

Pulmonary Medicine ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Elderly Adults ◽

Elderly Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age Related

INTRODUCTION: Spirometry is a vital tool for the assessment of pulmonary function status. Spirometry can be used to demonstrate the age-related decline in pulmonary function. The spirometry values can be used as reference values for a particular age group. The aims of our study was to compare spirometry values between the young and elderly groups and evaluate age-related changes in both groups. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 600 adults, which divided into two healthy groups: one was of young adults (18-35 years), and other was of elderly adults (>60 years) of 300 persons, each taken over a period of one year, in the Department of pulmonary medicine, a tertiary care hospital, Punjab. We conducted spirometry in both age group. Spirometry values were measured FVC, FEV1, FVC/FEV1, PEFR, and FEF25- 75 % of each groups.The subjects were selected based on random sampling RESULT: Spirometry values compared between young and elderly adults. Mean BMI in young and elderly groups was 25.09±2.87 and 25.82±2.45, respectively. Spirometry values in FVC , FEV1, FEV1/FVC , PEFR and FEF25-75% in young was 4.31± 0.18 , 3.84,± 0.88± 0.02, 9.87± 0.38 and 3.75 ±0.26 and elderly age group 3.01±, 2.60 ±0.85± 0.02, 7.70± 0.30 and 2.82 ± 0.26. On statistical analysis, p value <0.001 in all spirometry parameters. CONCLUSION: The study shows that there was a decline in spirometry parameters of healthy adults with the increase in age. This decline was signicant in all spirometric parameters (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEFR, FEF25–75%) measured in the present study

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Factors Associated with Depression among Heart Failure Patients at Cardiac Follow-Up Clinics in Northwest Ethiopia, 2017: A Cross-Sectional Study

Psychiatry Journal ◽

10.1155/2019/6892623 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kassahun Gebeyehu Yazew ◽

Debrework Tesgera Beshah ◽

Mohammed Hassen Salih ◽

Tadele Amare Zeleke

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Heart Failure Patients ◽

Referral Hospitals ◽

Poor Social Support

Background. Depression is a comorbid disorder in patients with heart failure and it is a major public health problem worldwide. Little is known about the depression among heart failure patients in low-income countries, while, in Ethiopia, none was studied. Objective. This study is to assess the prevalence of depression and associated factors among heart failure patients at cardiac follow-up clinics at Amhara Region Referral Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, 2017. Methods. A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted between March 30, 2017, and May 15, 2017, G.C., by using a systematic random sampling technique to select 422 of 1395 HF patients. Structured interviewer-administered questionnaires and patient card review with a checklist that incorporates the PHQ-9 tool for depression measurement were used. The collected data were checked, coded, and entered into Epi-info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20. Bivariate logistic regression at p-value <0.2 was exported to multivariate logistic regressions and p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. A total of 403 were included with a response rate of 95.5%. Among the participants, 51.1% had depressive symptoms. Factors associated with depressive symptoms were poor self-care behavior 1.60 [AOR (95% CI=1.01, 2.55)], poor social support 1.90 [AOR (95% CI=1.16, 3.12)], being female 2.70 [AOR (95% CI=1.44, 5.07)], current smoking history 4.96 [AOR (95% CI=1.54, 15.98)], and duration of heart failure (>1 year) 1.64 [AOR (95% CI=1.04, 2.59)]. Conclusions. Around half of the patients were depressive. The patients who had poor self-care behavior, were females, had poor social support, had a current history of smoking, and had duration of chronic heart failure >1 year need special attention. Therefore, all referral hospitals need efforts to focus on those problems and target improvements of depressive symptoms.

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Study of Patients with First unprovoked Seizure in the Eastern Part of Nepal

Journal of Nobel Medical College ◽

10.3126/jonmc.v8i1.24471 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 22-26

Author(s):

Dilli Ram Kafle ◽

Surendra Sah ◽

Miluna Bhusal

Keyword(s):

Recurrence Risk ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Seizure Recurrence ◽

Unprovoked Seizure ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Neuro Imaging

Background: About 5-10% of the population get at least one seizure in their lifetime. Treatment is started in patients with first unprovoked seizure if the risk of seizure recurrence is predicted to be high. If patients with first seizure are not treated 40-50% of patients develop recurrence within 2 years of the initial seizure. Starting treatment may cause reduction in the risk of recurrence by almost one half. The aim of the study was to identify the factors causing recurrence in patients with first unprovoked seizure. Materials and Methods: It is a prospective cross-sectional study conducted at Nobel Medical College from March 2015 to March 2019. Patients who presented to Nobel Medical College with first unprovoked seizure were enrolled in the study with follow up during the hospital visit. Results: Eighty six patients participated in our study. Recurrence of seizure occurred in 21(24.4%) patients within the study period of 4 years. Abnormal Electroencephalography was significantly associated with recurrence of seizure in patients with first seizure. (P value<0.001) Neuro imaging abnormality was also associated with increased risk of seizure recurrence (Pvalue<0.001) .Starting an antiepileptic after first seizure reduced the risk of further seizure. Conclusion: Recurrence of seizure was observed in almost a quarter of patients within the study period of four years. Recurrence risk was higher in those patients with abnormal Electro encephalography and in those patients with identified cause than those patients whose seizure was assumed to be idiopathic.

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EVALUATION OF AVASCULAR NECROSIS DURING MIDTERM FOLLOW UP IN DDH CASES TREATED BY SINGLE STAGE SURGERY IN THE WALKING AGE GROUP

Journal of Critical Reviews ◽

10.31838/jcr.07.14.991106ej ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 6005-6010

Keyword(s):

Femoral Head ◽

Surgical Procedures ◽

Open Reduction ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Developmental Dysplasia ◽

Single Stage ◽

Age Group ◽

Developmental Dysplasia Of Hip ◽

Walking Age

Developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH) represents a spectrum of disorders in which the femoral head has an abnormal relationship to the acetabulum. Management of DDH presenting in walking stage are primarily surgical because of changes in femoral head, acetabulum and soft tissues around joint. We looked at the incidence of AVN during midterm follow up period in DDH patients in the walking age group who had undergone single stage surgery. Also it evaluates association of different variables with occurrence of AVN. The AVN of head of femur is assessed according to Kalamchi and MacEwen’s classification and AVN gradings were compared with different surgical procedures. In our study, higher incidence of AVN was seen patients who were operated at a higher age, who had higher preoperative Tonnis grading and those who required osteotomies with open reduction. But statistically significant correlation could not be established independently with any of the above mentioned variables.

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The Comparison of Visual Acuity After Congenital Cataract Surgery between Children ≤2 Years and >2-17 Years

Biomolecular and Health Science Journal ◽

10.20473/bhsj.v3i2.22140 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 70

Author(s):

Adam Surya Romadhon ◽

Joni Susanto ◽

Rozalina Loebis

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Congenital Cataract ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Data ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Group 2 ◽

Congenital Surgery ◽

Better Than

Introduction: Congenital cataract is turbidity occurs in eye lens that present at birth or immediately after. We aim to find out visual acuity after congenital surgery between children under 2 years old and 2-17 years old after following up 3, 6, 12 months.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Data were gathered from medical record of congenital cataract aged ≤2 years and >2-17 years including age of surgery, frequency of eyes, sex, laterality, and visual acuity of patients with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). All data analyzed using Mann-Whitney test.Results: 41 children (67 affected eyes) in which 45 eyes that were operated at aged ≤2 years and 22 eyes were operated at aged >2-17 years. There was average difference of visual acuity between age group of ≤2 years and >2-17 years while following-up 3 months (1.60 ± 0.34 logMAR, 1.23 ± 0.67 logMAR, p = 0,003). Whereas in follow up 6 months (1.23 ± 0.47 logMAR, 1.15 ± 0.68 logMAR, p = 0,242) and 12 months (0.94 ± 0.47 logMAR, 0.96 ± 0.44 logMAR, p = 0,840), there were no difference significant average of visual acuity.Conclusion: Visual acuity after following-up 3 and 6 months in age group of >2-17 years were better than age group of ≤2 years, whereas after following-up 12 months in age group ≤2 years, it was obtained that visual acuity was better than age group of >2-17 years.

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Faktor Resiko Penyakit Infeksi Menular Seksual (IMS)

Jurnal Kesehatan ◽

10.26630/jk.v9i3.1109 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 419

Author(s):

Maria Tuntun

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

High School ◽

Design Research ◽

P Value ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Age Range

<p>Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are venereal diseases that can be transmitted by 30 types of pathogens through sexual intercourse. The purpose of this study is to find out the risk factors for STI disease in dr. H Hospital. Abdul Moeloek Lampung Province in 2012 - 2016. Type of descriptive analytic research with a cross-sectional design. Research place in RSUD dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Lampung Province, in November-December 2017. The population in this study were patients with STIs recorded in the medical record book of 2012-2016 as many as 191 people and a sample of 186 people. The results of the study obtained 4 types of STIs caused by bacteria, namely gonorrhea, syphilis, condyloma, and bartolinitis. The age range of STI patients is 12-62 years, and the most in the 12-25 year age group is 93 people (50%). The most STI sufferers are men, 100 people (53.8%), with the highest education is high school, which is 121 people (65.1%), more STI patients who work are 102 people (54.8%), and STI sufferers who more from Bandar Lampung, 103 people (55.4%). Risk factors associated with the type of STI are gender (p-value=0.012) and work (p-value=0.012), while age (p-value=0.718), education (p-value=0.368), and residence address (p-value=0.088) there is no relationship with the type of STI.</p>

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Clinico-biochemical profile of chronic kidney disease patients in elderly age group in a tertiary care centre

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20194997 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 4227

Author(s):

Atul V. Rajkondawar ◽

Amit Yele

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

P Value ◽

Age Group ◽

Elderly Age ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains one of the major health problems in India. Renal function steadily deteriorates as age advances and advancing age has been indicted to have adverse implications in the disease progression to end stage renal disease (ESRD). With the present study, clinico-biochemical profiling of chronic kidney disease patients in geriatric age group as well as comparison with non-elderly patients was undertaken.Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, 100 patients of CKD admitted in the tertiary care study centre were enrolled consecutively and assessed for symptoms, signs and biochemical parameters over two years. Study subjects were divided into two groups:- Group 1: Elderly patients- aged 60 years or more, and Group 2: Non-elderly patients- less than 60 years of age. Relevant comparisons were drawn statistically and tested for significance.Results: Pallor and pedal edema were observed to be the commonest clinical features across groups. Elderly group shows higher prevalence of severe anaemia (mean hemoglobin- 7.4 gm%). Higher prevalence of clinical and biochemical derangement was found in patients with relatively lower GFR. Elderly age group also had more prevalence of electrolyte abnormalities compared with non-elderly population, with statistically significant difference observed for hyponatremia (p value- 0.023), hypoproteinemia (p value- 0.0078) and blood urea level (p value- 0.0054).Conclusions: Understanding beforehand the biochemical abnormalities associated with old age in CKD patients helps in appropriate modifications in patient management.

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Knowledge and Self-Perceived Confidence Level in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery among Dental Interns in Riyadh

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/47691.14746 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alhanouf Alhulayyil ◽

Lujain Alsaleh ◽

Saba Alshareef ◽

Lubna Elsayed ◽

Mamata Hebbal

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Informed Consent ◽

Surgical Procedures ◽

Confidence Level ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Study Population ◽

Dental Schools

Introduction: Minor oral surgical procedures are practiced in dental teaching. Interns are required to be competent, well-prepared and acknowledge its basics before their practice. Lack of training and knowledge could lead to serious consequences during clinical practice. Aim: To assess the knowledge and confidence level between male and female dental interns in private and governmental Riyadh dental schools in performing simple dento-alveolar procedures. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in January 2020 among dental interns from all Riyadh dental schools. A cross-sectional survey containing 23 items was used. The first part included the informed consent and demographic data (item 1-3). The second part consisted of 10 case scenarios to assess the knowledge level (item 4-13), and the third part was developed to self-rate their confidence level (item 14-23). Around 300 participants belonging to five Riyadh dental schools comprised the study population. All interns were included in the study after obtaining informed consent. All statistical analyses were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 and Microsoft Excel 16.16. Groups were compared using Pearson chi-square and unpaired sample t-test. The p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 300 interns invited to participate, 210 submitted the electronic survey (70%). The final study population included 117 (56%) females and 93 (44%) males. A total of 111 (53%) belonged to governmental college, and 99 (47%) belonged to private college. There was no statistically significant difference between females and males in total knowledge (p<0.272) and confidence score (p<0.850), respectively. However, a statistically significant difference in knowledge and confidence between government and private colleges was found (p<0.001). A weakly positive significant correlation (r=0.217, p=0.002) was found between the total score of knowledge and the total score of confidence in performing surgical procedures. Conclusion: The study provides baseline data on the knowledge and perceived confidence of dental interns in Saudi Arabia about certain clinical procedures in oral surgery, where respondents were most knowledgeable in prescribing an appropriate medication. They were confident in giving effective local anaesthesia. All in all, interns had a superficial knowledge about the classification of impacted teeth and they were least confident in managing cases of an intraoral abscess.

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