scholarly journals Production of Garbage Enzyme from Different Fruit and Vegetable Wastes and Evaluation of its Enzymatic and Antimicrobial Efficacy

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karuna Neupane ◽  
Rama Khadka
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Brown Sugar ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Protease Enzyme ◽  
Vegetable Wastes

Objectives: To evaluate the enzymatic and antimicrobial efficacy of enzyme from garbage produced from different fruits and vegetable wastes. Methods: This study was conducted from October-2018 to February-2019 in the laboratory of Padma Kanya Multiple College, Bagbazar, Kathmandu, Nepal. This study was carried for production, analysis of enzymatic and antimicrobial efficacy by using yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisae) and bacteria (Bacillus species) in 5 fruits peels, Mosambi (Citrus limetta), Pomegranate (Punica granatum), Pineapple (Ananas comosus), Papaya (Carica papaya) and mixed fruits collected from fresh fruit stall and vegetable peels collected from college’s hostel. The fermentation mixture was made in the ratio 1:3:10 (1 part brown sugar, 3 parts fruits/vegetable peels and 10 parts water) and left for 3 months for fermentation. Results: After fermentation, enzyme activity (amylase, protease, caseinase, cellulase and lipase) and antimicrobial efficacy (S. aureus, S. aureus (ATCC 25923), Bacillus spp, Salmonella Typhi, E. coli, E. coli (ATCC 25922), Shigella spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were analyzed. All the samples showed amylase and caseinase enzyme activity, only Pineapple (Ananascomosus), Papaya (Carica papaya) and Mixed fruit showed protease enzyme activity while only Pomegranate (Punicagranatum) showed lipase enzyme activity. In antimicrobial efficacy test, garbage enzyme produced from vegetable sample didn’t show antimicrobial activity with bacteria used except E. coli (ATCC 25922)and S. aureus (ATCC 25923). Similarly, garbage enzyme produced from Mixed fruit and Papaya (Carica papaya) didn’t show antimicrobial activity with Salmonella Typhi and S. aureus (ATCC 25923) respectively but garbage enzyme from other wastes showed antimicrobial activity with bacteria used in test. Conclusion: Different fruits and vegetables wastes showed different enzyme activity and antimicrobial activity.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Methanolic Extract of Root, Callus and Fruit Extracts of Myxopyrum smilacifolium Blume

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-524
Author(s):  
RP Praveen ◽  
Ashalantha Nair
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Fungal Strain ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Fruit Extracts ◽  
Root Callus ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

The aim of the present study was to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of methanolic extract of root, callus and fruit of Myxopyrum smilacifolium Blume. Antimicrobial activity was tested using agar well diffusion with four bacterial strains viz: Escherechia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus of which E. coli alone was gram negative. The fungal strain employed was Candida albicans. Root extracts shown to be effective only against B. subtilis. Fruit extracts showed the maximum antimicrobial activity against all the microbial species considered for the current study except against S. aureus. Highlight of the present study was the antimicrobial activity of callus extracts. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i4.11362  Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 2(4): 521-524 

scholarly journals Ozonated water antimicrobial efficacy in comparison to antimicrobial activity of different irrigant solutions against E. faecalis and E. coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-296
Author(s):  
Dr. Vishakha Mittal ◽  
Dr. Akarshak Aggarwal ◽  
Dr. Methili Singhal ◽  
Dr. Manisha Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ozonated Water

Antimicrobial Activity of Curry Leaves (Murayya koenigii) on Selected Foodborne Pathogens

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Wan Razarinah Wan Abdul Razak
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Curry Leaves ◽  
The World

Food poisoning is one of the most common diseases in the world in which are caused by ingesting foodborne pathogens. Study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial activity of Murayya koenigii leaves extract on foodborne pathogens namely Salmonella typhi ATCC 14028, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404. The antimicrobial activity was determined at four different concentrations of 150 mg/mL, 200 mg/mL, 250 mg/mL and 300 mg/mL S. typhi was the most sensitive to M. koenigii extract at concentration 300 mg/mL with zone of inhibition diameter mean value of 8.67 ± 0.67 mm followed by E. coli, S. aureus and B. cereus with zone of inhibition diameter mean values of 8.33 ± 0.88 mm, 8.00 ± 0 mm and 7.67 ± 0.33 mm. C. albicans and A. niger were resistant to the extract. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) against S. typhi, S. aureus, B. cereus and E. coli were 75 mg/mL, 150 mg/mL 125 mg/mL and 100 mg/mL respectively. There were no significant differences on the concentrations of M. koenigii extract on the zone of inhibition diameter produced (p=0.056). M. koenigii leaves extract exhibit antibacterial activity but no antifungal activity.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity and Prevention of Bacterial Biofilm Formation of Silver and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle-Containing Polyester Surfaces at Various Concentrations for Use

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Fontecha-Umaña ◽  
Abel Guillermo Ríos-Castillo ◽  
Carolina Ripolles-Avila ◽  
José Juan Rodríguez-Jerez
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Food Contact Surfaces

Food contact surfaces are primary sources of bacterial contamination in food industry processes. With the objective of preventing bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on surfaces, this study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of silver (Ag-NPs) and zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs) nanoparticle-containing polyester surfaces (concentration range from 400 ppm to 850 ppm) using two kinds of bacteria, Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli), and the prevention of bacterial biofilm formation using the pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. The results of antimicrobial efficacy (reductions ≥ 2 log CFU/cm2) showed that at a concentration of 850 ppm, ZnO-NPs were effective against only E. coli (2.07 log CFU/cm2). However, a concentration of 400 ppm of Ag-NPs was effective against E. coli (4.90 log CFU/cm2) and S. aureus (3.84 log CFU/cm2). Furthermore, a combined concentration of 850 ppm Ag-NPs and 400 ppm ZnO-NPs showed high antimicrobial efficacy against E. coli (5.80 log CFU/cm2) and S. aureus (4.11 log CFU/cm2). The results also showed a high correlation between concentration levels and the bacterial activity of Ag–ZnO-NPs (R2 = 0.97 for S. aureus, and R2 = 0.99 for E. coli). They also showed that unlike individual action, the joint action of Ag-NPs and ZnO-NPs has high antimicrobial efficacy for both types of microorganisms. Moreover, Ag-NPs prevent the biofilm formation of L. monocytogenes in humid conditions of growth at concentrations of 500 ppm. Additional studies under different conditions are needed to test the durability of nanoparticle containing polyester surfaces with antimicrobial properties to optimize their use.

scholarly journals Subcloning and Expression of a Protease Gene from Bacillus halodurans CM1 in Bacillus subtilis DB104

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 817-826
Author(s):  
Endang Rahmawati ◽  
Abinawanto Abinawanto ◽  
Is Helianti
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Bacillus Halodurans ◽  
Protease Gene ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Protease Enzyme ◽  
Ph Range

ABSTRACT: Proteases are potential enzymes that utilized in various industrial fields, and the demand of these enzymes is increasing. Bacillus halodurans CM1 is Indonesia indigenous bacterium which is detected to be able to produce alkalotermophilic protease enzyme. In this study, we subcloned the protease gene consist of Open Reading Frame of protease gene and its promoter from Bacillus halodurans CM1 in Bacillus subtilis DB104 via conjugation, and analyzed the expression of the recombinant protease. The protease gene is 1 417 bp length including the open reading frame and the promoter, and obtained by PCR and cloned into pGEM T easy. After confirmed by sequencing, the gene was subcloned into vector pBBRE194, then the recombinant plasmid was transformed into E. coli S17-1. This E.coli was then conjugated to Bacillus subtilis DB104. The target recombinant B. subtilis DB104 has been obtained confirmed by plasmid verification and erythromycin resistance. The recombinant protease produced showed the highest enzyme activity at 50oC and pH 9 (with pH range 5-9) which with protease activity 13.66 U/mL.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Allium chinense G. Don.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-138
Author(s):  
Frans Grovy Naibaho ◽  
Maria Bintang ◽  
Fachriyan Hasmi Pasaribu
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Allium Chinense

This study aims to analyze antimicrobial activity of Allium chinense G. Don extract against Eschericia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans, and to examine the active compounds. Allium chinense G. Don was extracted using maseration method and treated with ethanol 70% (v/v), ethanol 96% (v/v), ethyl acetate, n-hexane, and aquadest. Antimicrobial activity assay was conducted using agar difusion method and compounds analysis using Gas chromatography-mass­spectrometry (GC-MS). Antimicrobial activities assay showed that all extracts could inhibit microbial growth. Ethyl acetate extract has the highest antimicrobial activity against all the microbial test. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethyl acetate extract against C. albicans, B. subtilis, E. coli, S. aureus, S. typhi was 25, 100, 250, 250, 1000 mg ml-1 respectively. As many as 25 compounds were derived from GC-MS analysis and most of them were known as the antimicrobial compounds. This study revealed that Allium chinense G. Don contains biologically active compunds as antimicrobial agent particularly anti Candida.

scholarly journals Research of antimicrobial efficacy of modern antiseptic agents based on decamethoxine and povidone-iodine

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Nazarchuk
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Enterococcus Spp

Under conditions of wide increased resistance of pathogens of infectious complications to antimicrobial agents, a considerable attention is paid to the use of antiseptic drugs. The research of their antimicrobial efficacy remains valid for substantiation of the rational use. The purpose was to carry out a comparative study of the antimicrobial efficacy of medicinal antiseptic agents based on decamethoxine and povidone-iodine. In the study there was examined antimicrobial activity of mentioned antiseptics against 682 clinical strains of microorganisms (A. baumannii, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, Enterococcus spp., E. coli, Enterobacter spp., K. pneumoniae, Proteus spp.), isolated from patients with infectious complications. Minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of 1–2– 10 % iodine, 0.02 % decamethoxine (decasan) were determined. Antimicrobial efficacy of medicines, based on studied antiseptics was evaluated with the use of an index of antiseptic activity, calculated by means of commonly used methods. The study revealed high bactericidal properties of decasan against clinical strains of S. aureus, Enterococcus spp., E. coli, K. pneumoniae and Enterobacter spp. The advantages of antimicrobial activity of decamethoxine-based antseptis (decasan, p < 0.001) were proved. Iodine has expressed antimicrobial properties against Enterococcus spp., S. aureus, A. baumannii, bacteria of the Enterobacteriаcеae family and P. aeruginosa. It is proven that the dissolution of povidone-iodine leads to the reduction of the antimicrobial efficacy of 2 % antiseptic solution. There was found inefficacy of 1 % povidone-iodine against infectious agents (p < 0.001). Thus, the leading Gram-positive (S. aureus, Enterococci) and Gram-negative pathogens (Escherichia, Klebsiella, Enterobacteria, Acinetobacteria, Pseudomonas) have a sensitivity to iodine and to domestic preparation based on decamethoxin 0.02 % (decasan), with a definite advantage of the antimicrobial properties of the latter to Gram-positive and some Gram-negative microorganisms (p < 0.001).

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Ten Extractives from Toba, North Sumatra and Mt. Merapi National Park Regions, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Maya Ismayati ◽  
Deni Zulfiana ◽  
Setiawan Khoirul Himmi ◽  
Didi Tarmadi ◽  
Dita Meisyara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
National Park ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
North Sumatra

Investigating beneficial chemical compounds of plant extracts is one of the ways to prevent biodiversity loss. This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of indigenous plant extracts from Toba, North Sumatra, and Mt. Merapi National Park regions against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Candida tropicalis by calculating the zone of microbial growth inhibition. Among the plant extracts, T5 that identified asToona sinensisshowed the highestmicrobial inhibitionto the growth of C. albicans, B. subtilis, S. typhi, and E. coli with the diameter growth of approximately 2.00, 1.80, 1.33, and 1.33 cm, respectively. Based on those results, T. sinensis was thensubsequently fractionated using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol, respectively.The resulted fractions also were evaluated for antimicrobial bioassay. All fractions have shown activity in inhibiting the growth of the microbes at 1% concentration. However, each fraction showedgrowth inhibition against certain microbes. The n-hexane fraction showed the greatest inhibitory activity for E. coli and S. typhi; ethyl acetate fraction for B. subtilis and C. albicans; and methanol fraction for E. coli and S. typhi. The results revealed that T. sinensis plant extract has great potential asan antimicrobial agent. Further investigation is needed to observe the mode of antimicrobial action of fractionated crude extracts of T. Sinensis. The exploring potency of Indonesian biodiversity opened up a new way for the utilization of plants for economic development and conservation.Keywords: antimicrobial plants, indigenous knowledge, Toba-North Sumatra, Mt. Merapi

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Pleurotus spp. Cultivated on Different Agricultural Wastes in Chiro, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Getachew Gashaw ◽  
Amare Fassil ◽  
Fuad Redi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Agricultural Wastes ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

In the present study, mushrooms, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus florida, were cultivated on different agricultural wastes namely coffee straw (CS), pea straw (PS), Sorghum Grain Residue (SGR), and Wheat Grain (WG) for the evaluation of antibacterial activity. Antimicrobial activity evaluation was carried out against human pathogenic microorganisms, namely, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi by using the disc diffusion method. Methanolic extracts of P. ostreatus cultivated on a Sorghum grain residue substrate were recorded for the highest antibacterial activity against E. coli (19.8 mm) and P. aeruginosa (16.4 mm), and methanolic extracts of P. florida cultivated on a wheat grain substrate were recorded for the highest antibacterial activity against E. coli (18.6 mm) and S. faecalis (14.8 mm). Therefore, results suggested that P. ostreatus and P. florida cultivated on the coffee straw and Sorghum grain substrate were found with the highest antimicrobial activity in comparison to other substrates. The results supported that the methanolic extracts of P. ostreatus and P. florida might indeed be potential sources of antibacterial agents.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation for Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of N-Heteroaryl Substituted Benzene Sulphonamides

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiana Nonye Igwe ◽  
Uchechukwu Chris Okoro
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Heteroaromatic Compounds ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Target Molecules ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

The synthesis and biological activity of N-heteroaryl substituted benzene sulphonamides (3a–h) were successful. Simple condensation reaction of benzene sulphonyl chloride (1) with substituted heteroaromatic compounds (2a–h) under dry pyridine and acetone gave the target molecules (3a–h) in good to excellent yield. The compounds were characterized using FTIR, 1HNMR, and 13CNMR. The compounds were screened for antibacterial activity against E. coli, Salmonella typhi, P. aeruginosa, B. cereus, K. pneumonia, and Sarcina  lutea and antifungal activity against C. albicans and A. niger. The results of the antimicrobial activity showed improved biological activity against some tested organisms.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document