scholarly journals Biodiversity of sorghum

2018 ◽  
pp. 49-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Kovtunova ◽  
V. V. Kovtunov

On the basis of economic use there are three main types of sorghum: grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), sweet sor­ghum (Sorghum sahharatum (L.) Pers.) and grass (Sudan) sorghum (Sorghum sudanense (Piper.) Stapf). There are various directions in the breeding work with grain, sweet and grass sorghum. However, the main breeding task of any grain crop is to create highly pro­ductive varieties and hybrids with high quality of products. This implies the involvement of new initial material with the necessary quali­ties in the breeding process. To solve this problem, a rich genetic material is of great need, which will be used in hybridization. The pur­pose of the work is to identify the main directions and results of sorghum breeding, to study biological diversity within the varieties according to individual indicators and to identify the sources of valuable traits. A large number of the identified sources of economically valuable traits, which are annually involved in hybridization with productive varieties gives evidence of the biological diversity and rich genetic material. The fulfilled work resulted in a number of developed varieties that meet the requirements of agricultural production.

Author(s):  
Vladislav Ushakov ◽  
Artem Subbotin ◽  
Dmitry Lisin

Introduction. This article addresses the question of existing problems of development of construction industry in agriculture. Outdated old construction technologies and building structures give a reason for optimization and introduction of modern technologies in agricultural production. The outdated technologies of agricultural construction have a negative impact on the position of agricultural industry in the world stage of trade and economy of countries, while optimization and inevitable modernization of agricultural production and construction allow securing a foothold in the world market. Aspiration to take the lead in the world market is one of the most important tasks of agricultural industry. The agricultural industry also plays an oversize role in human life and the health, efficiency, development and activity of citizens depend directly on the quality of products delivered to the shop windows. This scope of research of this article is a comparison of traditional, temporary, field vegetable storehouses operating in winter time with modern technology of construction of these facilities in terms of technology, efficiency, environmental friendliness, mobility, availability, functionality and profitability. Materials and methods. In the course of this work, the following research methods were used: familiarization with the relevant statutes and regulations related to the study area, comparison of traditional and modern methods of vegetable storage in the field environment during the winter period and identification of the main advantages and disadvantages. Results. The positive and negative sides of the design and methods of construction of modern and traditional outdated technology have been revealed, as well as optimization of construction solutions necessary to ensure conditions for maintaining the quality of products in due form. Conclusions. Modern construction concepts and development of agricultural construction is an important area that allows provoking the trend of economic growth of countries, to take a leading position in the world market, to improve the quality of life of citizens, to improve the ecological system of the area and develop business activities.


2021 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 01018
Author(s):  
Tatiana Sergeevna Kolmykova ◽  
Anna Sergeevna Obukhova ◽  
Snezhanna Vladimirovna Klykova ◽  
Petr Nikolaevich Mashegov ◽  
Alexey Gennadievich Zaitsev ◽  
...  

This article substantiates that innovation is objectively necessary to ensure sustainable development of agricultural enterprises and the agricultural sector. The study notes that the introduction of digital technologies such as the Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data, blockchain, artificial intelligence, robotics can be widely applied in the agricultural sector. It is noted that the agricultural has a number of specific features: a variety of biological objects that are affected; various and complex technological processes, distribution of controlled parameters over a large area; high risks of the external environment. In this regard, the use of technologies for working with large data arrays is especially important here. The smart Agriculture concept will allow monitoring the growth of crops, a decision-making system for irrigation and the choice of fertilizers. The main goals of introducing digital technologies into agricultural production are to increase labor productivity, increase the quantity and quality of products. The introduction of digital technologies will make it possible to manage the quality of agricultural products through the introduction of modern breeding and genetic developments, provide an individual approach to the maintenance and feeding of livestock and poultry. The use of digital technologies has a positive environmental effect and will reduce the harmful impact on the environment. Updating the technological base of agricultural production through the use of digital technologies will allow controlling costs and increasing the economic efficiency.


2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00042
Author(s):  
D. A. Mustashkina ◽  
N. V. Karpova ◽  
A. S. Makarov ◽  
M. M. Khannanov

The article discusses the need for digitalization of agricultural production, which will significantly increase labor productivity, as well as competitiveness in agricultural production in Russia. The efficiency of agricultural production management using information systems based on geoinformation technologies allows reducing or completely eliminating downtime in the event of a shortage of personnel or equipment, reducing the cost of agrotechnical operations per unit of cultivated area and improving yield indicators. The digitalization of agricultural production in the Russian Federation should ensure an increase in crop and livestock production by 2025 up to 1.5 times, improve the quality of products, reduce the labor intensity of agricultural production by 1.5 times, reduce costs and prices - reduce energy and materials consumption, import dependence of agricultural machinery, their hardware and software, the advancement of automation, robotization, intelligent machine technology.


Author(s):  
I.Ya. Kostiv

Agricultural production is an activity characterized by a high degree of risk. First of all it is caused by unpredictability of weather conditions and natural disasters. In addition, armed conflict in eastern Ukraine, annexation of the Crimea, strikes, industrial accidents - all these conditions affect the quantity and quality of products, as well as the timing of fulfillment of obligations. Therefore, the topic of force majeure is extremely relevant to agricultural producers, as a basis for exemption from liability for failure or improper performance of the contract. The onset of force majeure is the basis for the release of the guilty person from responsibility for non-fulfillment (breach) of its contractual obligation, tract, agreement. At the same time, the onset of force majeure must be duly certified (verified) in accordance with compliance with the provisions of the current legislation of Ukraine and the terms of the agreement thief, as one party to the contract may require the other payment of penalties (in case of improperly confirmed-whether or not confirmation of the occurrence of force majeure). List of circumstances of force majeure and their order confirmation is agreed by the parties directly in the contractri. Often the parties assume that the evidence of force majeure The Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Ukraine implements the most serious circumstances The article is dedicated to understanding “force majeure” and “excessive power” as well as to the specificities of the contract for the contractual contract for the nonnegotiable settlement of the contract. Therefore, in order to prevent the parties to the contractual contraction from possible negative situations in the future, it is necessary to determine from the outset what the circumstances will be considered as force majeure, what will confirm the occurrence of such circumstance, the timing of notification of the other party about such circumstances, etc.


Rekayasa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
Ummi Wasilah ◽  
Siti Rohimah ◽  
Mukhamad Su’udi

Bioteknologi telah berkembang di Indonesia sejak lama namun cenderung lambat dikarenakan oleh beberapa faktor. Faktor pertama adalah minimnya dana penelitian dalam bidang bioteknologi. Penelitian bioteknologi dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan kuantitas dan kualitas produk serta pengetahuan tentang bioteknologi. Faktor lain yaitu rendahnya sumber daya manusia, fasilitas dan kebijakan pemerintah yang terkesan memperpanjang proses pemasaran produk rekayasa genetika. Bioteknologi memiliki peranan positif bagi dunia pertanian, kesehatan serta lingkungan. Dalam dunia pertanian, bioteknologi membantu untuk mengurangi krisis pangan, memperbaiki kualitas pangan dan meningkatkan jumlah produksi hasil pertanian. Di bidang kesehatan, bioteknologi dapat mendiagnosis suatu penyakit genetis maupun non genetis serta mengobati penyakit tertentu. Dalam bidang lingkungan, bioteknologi dapat meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan yang telah tercemar seperti remediasi, bioleaching, mengurangi sampah plastik dengan memproduksi bioplastik serta memproduksi pupuk hayati yang ramah lingkungan.Development of Biotechnology in IndonesiaABSTRACTBiotechnology has developed in Indonesia for a long time but tends to be slow due to several factors. The first factor is the lack of research funding in the field of biotechnology. Biotechnology research is needed to increase the quantity and quality of products and knowledge about biotechnology. Other factors are low human resources, facilities, and government policies that seem to extend the marketing process of genetic engineering products. Biotechnology has a positive role for the world of agriculture, health and the environment. In the world of agriculture, biotechnology helps to reduce the food crisis, improve food quality and increase the amount of agricultural production. In the health sector, biotechnology can diagnose a genetic and non-genetic disease and treat certain diseases. In the environmental field, biotechnology can improve the quality of polluted environments such as remediation, bioleaching, reducing plastic waste by producing bioplastics and producing environmentally friendly biological fertilizers.Keywords: biotechnology, factors, agriculture, health, environment


1996 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Matassino ◽  
B.M. Moioli

SUMMARYBiological diversity is the main measure of genetic evolution; it links to the state of genetic polymorphism as influenced by envirornmental changes and modulates the speed of transferring genetic information. The authors concentrate in this note on the importance of the contribution of indigenous animal genetic resources when addressing the complex and economically most important problem of the intrinsic quality of products of animal origin, with special reference to regional/local specificity.


Author(s):  
S.B. Kudryashev ◽  
◽  
N.S. Assev ◽  
R.D. Belashov ◽  
V.A. Naumenko ◽  
...  

The article is devoted to solving one of the most important problems of the development of the sugar industry in Russia – the modernization of sugar production processes. Today, sugar production is actively being modernized, shifting most of its processes to the path of avomatization and optimization to improve the quality of products. This article describes one of the main ways to obtain information about the concentration of sucrose in syrup in the production of sugar.


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Coy ◽  
A.V. Shuravilin ◽  
O.A. Zakharova

Приведены результаты исследований по изучению влияния промышленной технологии возделывания картофеля на развитие, урожайность и качество продукции. Выявлена положительная реакция растений на подкормку K2SO4 в период посадки. Корреляционно-регрессионный анализ урожайности и качества клубней выявил высокую степень достоверности результатов опыта. Содержание нитратов и тяжелых металлов в клубнях было ниже допустимых величин.The results of studies on the impact of industrial technology of potato cultivation on growth, yield and quality of products. There was a positive response of plants to fertilizer K2SO4 in the period of planting. Correlation and regression analysis of yield and quality of tubers revealed a high degree of reliability of the results of experience. The contents of nitrates and heavy metals in tubers was below the permissible values.


Author(s):  
B.A. Voronin ◽  
◽  
I.P. Chupina ◽  
Ya.V. Voronina ◽  
◽  
...  

The article discusses a non-standard view of the formation of human capital for work in organizations of the agricultural sector of the economy, in the context of modern socio-economic transformations. In the classical sense, human capital for agriculture should be formed and developed in rural areas. But in real life, this is not always the case, because there are many factors that prevent the classical solution of this problem. First, the demographic factor affects, second, social and household factors, and third, in many rural areas there are no working agricultural organizations where qualified agricultural specialists can work. All these and other circumstances actualize the problem of the quality of human capital in rural areas in relation to the development of agricultural production.


2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1455-1466
Author(s):  
Hristina Oreshkova

Over the most recent decades corporate reporting has proved to be essential to achieving the strategic goals of humankinds and the ever-increasing necessity of truthful information and transparency. Corporate reporting is a socially significant process and practice. The quality of corporate reporting reflects the degree of relevance of the manner enterprises and businesses communicate with the surrounding world and environment (natural or industrial) and millions of people concerned – societies, present and future generations, employees, workers, and many other people, and other living beings. On most authoritative international scientific forums – symposia, conferences, congresses, assemblies, summit meetings and events, conducted in Europe and worldwide, it is pompously declared that corporate reporting should provide useful and reliable information both financial and non-financial one. The responsibilities of accountability and stewardship seem out to be of great importance to the fulfillment of the strategic goals of our centuries.The belief of the author is that the simultaneous analysis of the global problems challenging humankinds such as climate changes, destruction of biological diversity on the Planet, the matter of the necessity of actions of creating Green Ethics and Green Economy worldwide, the increasing need for combined and well-coordinated efforts in the combat supporting the eradication of poverty globally, and the relevance of corporate reporting to solving these unique problems the mankind is facing, would highlight and confirm their intricate interrelation (the key aim of the present research), consequently rendering the debate on the future of corporate reporting more meaningful and constructive. The debate would most probably promote the standpoint we personally maintain, which is also endorsed by an increasing number of supporters in Europe and around the world, implying in particular that apart from a process of unification and reduction of essential differences in the international financial reporting, what is also necessary is the radical change in the philosophy and culture of corporate reporting and presentation. Undeniably, it includes revealing of the financial state and the substantial effects and impacts of the businesses operating activities in a straightforward manner, as complete insights and understanding of the broader and far-reaching goals to which the corporate reporting must be subordinated – at present and in the long-lasting future.


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