scholarly journals Methods and forms of educational process that ensure the formation of professional and value orientations of future technical specialists

Author(s):  
O. M. Kaminska

Methods and forms of the educational process, which ensure the formation of professional and value orientations of future technical specialists are researched and theoretically grounded in the artticle. According to the classification by sources of knowledge, the following teaching methods are identified: verbal methods; visual methods; practical methods. The group of methods based on the word includes methods of storytelling, lectures and discussions, as well as methods of using educational and special scientific literature. The use of these methods should be combined with methods of education that are similar in nature: verbal, ethical narration, debate, ethical conversation, etc. Professional and value orientations of future professionals are one of the most important components of the personality structure, which show the attitude to the values of a profession and find expression in the interests, needs, views, assessments, motives of social and professional activities. The university forms in students not only basic professional knowledge, but also clear guidelines for life, teaches to separate true values from conventional ones, to perceive and evaluate complex phenomena and processes of the modern world. As during the student years there are the development of value orientations of the individual, the accumulation of knowledge, professional experience, awareness of their abilities, capabilities, there is a value of self-determination and self-improvement. Extracurricular work is proved to perform a leading function in the educational aspect in the process of formation of professional and value orientations of students of technical universities, as most of the methods and forms, due to lack of study time, it is advisable to conduct after classess. The system of extracurricular work is considered as a set of educational influences that provide purposefulness, systematicity, consistency, combination of pedagogical guidance with the initiative and initiative of students. The basic principles of this system are the professional and pedagogical orientation of the educational process, the relationship and interdependence of teaching and educating students; the connection of the educational process of a higher educational institution with pedagogical practice.

2021 ◽  
pp. 227-239
Author(s):  
Светлана Александровна Корягина

Основные проблемы современного образования нельзя решать без его развития. Ученые и практики обращают внимание на устаревшие формы и технологии управления работой со студентами. В современных условиях решать проблемы образования традиционными системами управления и методами становится все сложнее, поэтому возникает необходимость в адекватном построении методической оснащенности образовательного процесса в учебном заведении, что актуализирует необходимость обеспечения системы образования методическими  разработками, дидактическими материалами, которые отвечают современным требованиям педагогической практики. Организационными формами методической работы вуза являются: научно-методическая и педагогический совет; аттестация преподавателей; предметные кафедры, творческие лаборатории преподавателей; школа молодого преподавателя; психолого-педагогические и методические семинары; методические школы преподавателей-новаторов; подготовка методических пособий, публикаций в периодических и профессиональных изданиях. Большинство вышеупомянутых видов методического обеспечения являются традиционными, но все они дают возможность внедрять инновации. Однако обращается внимание только на формы и методы организации образовательного процесса, а не на психолого-педагогическое сопровождение познавательной деятельности преподавателей и методическое обеспечение управленческой деятельности как источника качества и результативности их профессиональной деятельности. Реалии выдвигают новые требования к методическому обеспечению образовательного процесса в вузt, требуя менять цели, функции и содержание, превращая уровень его качества в научно-методический. Суть и назначение научно методического обеспечения заключается в создании условий для формирования и личностно-профессионального становления преподавателей, развития их педагогических способностей, творческого потенциала. The main problems of modern education cannot be solved without its development. Scientists and practitioners pay attention to outdated forms and technologies of managing work with students. In modern conditions, it is becoming increasingly difficult to solve the problems of education with traditional management systems and methods, therefore, there is a need for an adequate construction of methodological equipment of the educational process in an educational institution, which actualizes the need to provide the education system with methodological developments, didactic materials that meet modern requirements of pedagogical practice. Organizational forms of methodological work of the university are: scientific and methodological and pedagogical council; certification of teachers; subject departments, creative laboratories of teachers; school of a young teacher; psychological, pedagogical and methodological seminars; methodological schools of innovative teachers; preparation of methodological manuals, publications in periodicals and professional publications. Most of the above-mentioned types of methodological support are traditional, but all of them make it possible to introduce innovations. However, attention is drawn only to the forms and methods of organizing the educational process, and not to the psychological and pedagogical support of the cognitive activity of teachers and methodological support of managerial activities as a source of quality and effectiveness of their professional activities. The realities put forward new requirements for the methodological support of the educational process at the university, requiring changing the goals, functions and content, turning its quality level into a scientific and methodological one. The essence and purpose of scientific and methodological support is to create conditions for the formation and personal and professional development of teachers, the development of their pedagogical abilities, creative potential.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A SHCHUCHKA ◽  

In psychological and pedagogical science, professionalization is considered as a process associated with the development of the subjectivity of the individual, motivation to perform professional activities, determination of the potential of the individual in the profession, awareness of his role in the life space, setting requirements for a specialist in the chosen professional activity. The problem is stated, an attempt to solve which is made in this article: what are the directions of the formation of subjectivity of the student in the educational process of the university as a stage of professionalization? The analysis of psychological and pedagogical studies revealed their insufficiency in the perspective of consideration and analysis of the stages of formation of subjectivity of the student in the educational process of the university, which determined the purpose of the study, which consists in solving the stated problem. In the process of research, theoretical methods are used: analysis, comparison, comparison, discourse, systematization of the results of scientific research. The directions of formation of subjectivity of the student in the educational space of the university are revealed. Adaptation is followed by identification with the socio-cultural environment of educational institution, where the realization of values of the environment, the social meaning of vocational education, assimilation of traditions, norms of coexistence, communication experience (socio-professional aspects). Development of the system of Self, self-development of the student as mechanisms of formation of subjectivity in the profession, ensuring the formation of content, effectiveness, positive dynamics in training (personal-value aspect). Ensuring effective communication between the teacher and the student in pedagogical interaction with the use of modern educational technologies and the use of professionally directed situational tasks (technological aspect). A special role in optimizing the process of professionalization for the successful formation of the student's subjectivity is assigned to professional training, where, using pedagogical technologies, the necessary professional competencies are formed. The process of professionalization at the stage of university training is aimed at the formation of subjective characteristics of the teacher's personality, defined as independence and regulation of their actions in the performance of professional activities, responsibility, mobility, creativity, deep sociability, lack of conflict when working in a team.


Author(s):  
И. В. Мусханова

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с подготовкой бакалавров к их профессиональной деятельности. Отмечается важность и особая миссия педагога в современном мире как человека, ответственного за воспитание достойной личности, гражданина своего отечества, способного принимать ответственные решения в условиях нестабильной реальности. Определена цель, заключающаяся в раскрытии возможностей образовательного пространства педагогического вуза в развитии коммуникативных компетенций бакалавров - будущих учителей. Указывается на необходимость создания определенных условий для реализации поставленной цели, заключающихся в создании особой развивающей среды в педагогическом университете, направленной на реализацию личностного потенциала обучающихся, а также анализ среды как гармонизирующего фактора в коммуникативном взаимодействии студентов. Анализируются условия и возможности создания особой образовательной развивающей среды на примере Чеченского государственного педагогического университета. Сделаны выводы, позволяющие утверждать, что образовательное пространство вуза обладает мощным воспитательным и развивающим потенциалом, и его можно рассматривать как сложноорганизованную, динамическую систему, интегрирующую культурные, национальные и региональные особенности, выполняющую функции трансляции социального и индивидуального опыта, а также оно характеризуется такими показателями, как: материально-техническое обеспечение учебного процесса, широкое использование современных информационно-коммуникативных технологий, создание центров, позволяющих получить дополнительные компетенции для занятия профессиональной деятельностью, привлекать к работе в вузе учителей - победителей различных национальных и всероссийских конкурсов, успешных учителей, внедрять в учебный процесс передовые педагогические практики как средство повышения педагогического мастерства. The article discusses issues related to the preparation of bachelors for their professional activities. The importance and special mission of the teacher in the modern world as a person responsible for the upbringing of a worthy personality, a citizen of his homeland, capable of making responsible decisions in an unstable reality, is noted. The goal is determined, which consists in disclosing the possibilities of the educational space of a pedagogical university in the development of the communicative competencies of bachelors - future teachers. It is pointed out that it is necessary to create certain conditions for the implementation of this goal, which consists in creating a special developmental environment at a pedagogical university, aimed at realizing the personal potential of students, as well as analyzing the environment as a harmonizing factor in the communicative interaction of students.The conditions and possibilities of creating a special educational developmental environment are analyzed on the example of the Chechen State Pedagogical University. Conclusions are made that allow us to assert that the educational space of the university has a powerful educational and developmental potential and it can be considered as a complex, dynamic system that integrates cultural, national and regional characteristics, performing the functions of broadcasting social and individual experience, and it is also characterized by such indicators as: material and technical support of the educational process, the widespread use of modern information and communication technologies, the creation of centers that allow you to obtain additional competencies for professional activities, to attract teachers - winners of various national and all-Russian competitions, successful teachers to work at the university, to introduce advanced pedagogical practice as a means of improving pedagogical skills.


2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-37
Author(s):  
Zhibek Tajibayeva ◽  
◽  
Asyl Arenova ◽  

This article considers methodological approaches that can be rationally applied in the study of the problem of psychological and pedagogical adaptation of students-repatriates in the holistic pedagogical process of the University. Scientific researches of the problem of adaptation, including its theoretical bases are studied and analyzed. Kazakh, Russian and foreign scientists’ works were the theoretical and methodological basis for the provision of scientific analysis. Definitions of concepts repatriation, adaptation are given, types of adaptation are described in this article. An important stage of introducing a person to the values of higher education is admission to a higher educational institution, the development of fundamental scientific knowledge, professional basic concepts. In this regard, the problem of adaptation of repatriated students to the conditions of study at the University is of particular importance. The success of adaptation of repatriated students to study at the University is largely due to value orientations as a factor that ensures the effective organization of the educational process. The carried-out characteristic of the used approaches, principles and methods has shown their substantial aspect rather full analysis. And mastering the whole system of approaches, determines the ability to prepare an appropriate research methodology.


Author(s):  
HRYHORIY TERESHCHUK ◽  
NATALIA LUPAK

The problem of self-development of a student related to the transformation of the educational process in the post- neoclassical science is highlighted. This problem is considered in the context of a synergetic approach with the actualization of the needs and opportunities for self-organization of the applicant’s personality as a holistic characteristic of a human. It is noted that the pedagogical process of an educational institution of innovative type should be aimed at developing the abilities of the applicant, their ability to meet the challenges of the information society and self-realization in the changing conditions of the modern world. It is stated that self-development of an applicant within the synergetic paradigm of education requires a reorientation of the educational process from traditional conservative to innovative creative, in which the acquisition of vital competencies is carried out in interaction (communication) with other subjects and taking into account external (physical) and internal (mental) human activity. It is substantiated that the key aspects of the self-development of the student should be focused on the formation of their optimal developmental lifestyle. It is about the ability to self-determination, personal growth, self-regulation, existence, self-expression, self-realization. In the projections of the synergetic paradigm, the individual as a complex, open, nonlinear system appears with all the potential opportunities for self-development, which can be realized under certain organizational and pedagogical conditions. It is stated that despite the fact that the applicant – the future specialist controls their own development, the teacher of higher education should exercise general management of educational activities and is fully responsible for the quality of training of the applicant. This is inherent in any level of education. The new roles of the modern teacher (“moderator”, “coach”, “tutor”, “speaker”, “medium”, etc.) set adequate requirements for these roles. Not only the updated knowledge, but also the ways of obtaining it and the possibilities of its application become valuable for the student at various stages and levels. Key aspects of self-development: the ability to self-determination, personal growth, self-regulation, existence, self-expression, self-realization will contribute to the formation of the individual’s personality, open to new knowledge and values, able to realize their own life purpose.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Bakholskaya ◽  
◽  
Svetlana S. Velikanova ◽  
Natalia V. Kozhushkova ◽  
Irina I. Sunagatullina ◽  
...  

This study aims to investigate the characteristics of professional orientation in pedagogy. Based on the works of I.S. Yakimanskoy, E.V. Bondarevskaya, A.A. Melik-Pashayeva, I.N. Semenova, V.K. Zaretsky and other researchers, the authors clarified the principles of personal orientation of educational activities that contribute to the development of the professional orientation of students of pedagogical specialties at the university. The article also presents the author’s complex of pedagogical conditions ensuring the development of the professional orientation of students of pedagogical specialties in a higher educational institution. The complex includes the following components: identification and formation of value orientations of students of pedagogical specialties; creating in higher education educational environment that promotes self-realization of the individual; accounting of students' subject experience; development of pedagogical abilities of future teachers; development of professional skills of university teachers as the basis for the formation of professional orientation of students of pedagogical specialties. The article also describes the results of experimental work, which confirmed the effectiveness of the developed complex of pedagogical conditions that ensure the development of the professional orientation of students of pedagogical specialties in a higher educational institution on the basis of personal orientation of educational activities.


Author(s):  
Dmytro Pokryshen ◽  
Serghij Oleksijenko

In the article types of information-analytical systems are considered, their classification is made. The analysis of researches on the problem of introduction of IAS in business and educational processes of the educational institution is carried out. The components of these systems and the main content technological lines, which should be considered when improving the qualification of teachers of informatics, are determined. The kinds of IAS that are used by the teachers of informatics in their professional activity and perspectives from which IAS should be considered in the educational activity are considered: database management systems, Internet information resources. Their analysis, criteria and indicators influencing efficiency and effectiveness are presented. The place of information-analytical systems in the professional activity of the teacher of informatics is determined. The problems faced by the system of postgraduate pedagogical education for the support of informatics teachers at advanced training courses are outlined with the aim of teaching designing of information-analytical systems, development of informational competences and raising the level of information culture of all subjects of educational process. The design and development of IAS by pupils and teachers ensures the objectivity of learning activities, the acquisition of academic achievements by students (participation and victories in competitions, tournaments, competitions), the release of their creative potential, the continuous professional growth of the teacher, the orientation of the educational process to the development of the individual and the satisfaction of his educational needs, development of software and hardware ICT infrastructure of an educational institution. Understanding the ability of the teacher to use IAS in their professional activities can significantly improve management organization and conduct the educational process, develop information culture of all subjects of the educational process.


Author(s):  
Rajisa Vdovichenko ◽  
Natalia Mykhalchenko

The article highlights the relevance of the educational paradigm problem concerning the practical formation of competences based on the value-orientations of contemporary student youth in the university educational space, the content of the concepts of «competence», «competence approach», as the necessary condition for the upbringing of a highly culturally competent personality is outlined. The essence and content of the competent approach determine values, since the formation of value-orientations is the main goal of upbringing the personality in the university educational space. Optimization of the process of student youth value-orientations formation through the competence approach involves the continuous enrichment of the inner world of the individual. Changes in the value-orientations of student youth emphasize the importance of the whole system of educational work at the university, the search for and introduction of new forms and methods of working with student youth. An important task of the higher education institution is the creation of university educational space, which will promote the creation of conditions for the development of social and creative activity of student youth, their attraction to the values and meanings of social life, national and universal values formation and assimilation by students towards oneself, family, people, creative work, nature, society and the state. At the same time, special attention is given to solving the problems of the formation and development of the unity of the student group, the mutual understanding of students and teachers, the satisfaction of students cultural needs, especially the interest in the national and civic orientations of the student's personality, the needs of each student in constant self-improvement; a positive motivation for students to have a healthy lifestyle, and a desire to participate in community activities at the university. All this will allow more efficiently conduct the educational process at the university.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (SPE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina V. Samarokova ◽  
Natalia S. Solovyeva ◽  
Natalia V. Kozhushkova ◽  
Yevgenii V. Korobeynikov ◽  
Оlesya A. Golubeva ◽  
...  

This article is devoted to the organization of developmental education of students of higher educational institutions. Based on works by I.A. Zimniaia, T.I. Iliin, V.V. Kraevskii, G.M. Kodzhaspirova, I.Ia. Lerner, I.F. Kharlamov and other researchers, the authors clarified the concept of “developmental education of university students", analyzed its components, systematized domestic and foreign experience in organizing developmental education in a higher educational institution. The article also presents the author’s set of pedagogical conditions, which contributes to the organization of developmental education for university students. This set includes the following components: correction of students' value orientations in the educational process of the university; the development of cognitive activity of students and the construction of the educational process at the university, subject to the requirements of a person-centered approach.


Author(s):  
E.S LITVINOVA ◽  
◽  
A.V KHARCHENKO ◽  

At present, one of the priority directions in the higher education system is the fostering of patriotism among the younger generation of their homeland. It is the emergence and formation of patriotic feelings that sets new goals for teachers of educational institutions both on a regional and national scale. Among the many tasks of patriotic education, one can single out the main ones that require implementation in the framework of the interaction of information and analytical structures between students and government bodies through the introduction of various legislative acts. Having determined the goals and objectives, it is easy to build a certain algorithm of actions, structure or stages of activities necessary to form the civic position of the individual. However, at present, there are problems of various levels in the educational process of the formation of patriotic values of youth. Patriotism is also an indispensable condition for the formation of personality, an important component of the modern life of society. Without ideals and role models, without a sense of pride and dignity, love for their country, any society will inevitably come to moral decline and self-destruction. Only joint efforts of the family, the teaching staff and the state in matters of upbringing the younger generation will be able to ensure the full development of the individual with a clear civic position.


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