Foreign economic activity and its impact on the balance of payments of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Alla Burkovskaya ◽  
◽  
Dmytro Parakonnyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Exchange Rate Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
Political Risks ◽  
Export Credits ◽  
Economic Imbalances ◽  
Risk Insurance ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The payment balance is an indicator of the state and development of the national economy, systematically reflects the transactions between economic systems around the world, which allows us to assess the country’s participation in the international division of labor. It also plays an important role in the mechanism of currency regulation. Control of the payment balance in the context of implementing measures to eliminate imbalances in the economy, implementing a balanced foreign economic, monetary, exchange rate policy, establishing economically sound amounts of gold and foreign exchange reserves, developing adaptive mechanisms to attract external financing are extremely important. The problem and its solution should become the main direction of state policy of Ukraine. Purpose. The aim of this article is to study the impact of the real state of foreign economic activity on the payment balance of Ukraine and analysis of the reviewed impact indicators. Results. The article considers the concepts and individual indicators of the payment balance of Ukraine and shows the components of the payments balance. The main indicators of foreign trade, including the volumes of imports and exports and their dynamics, have been reviewed in detail. The current state of Ukrainian foreign economic activity in general has been analyzed. The concept of the payment balance has been indicated and the connection between the change in the payment balance depending on the change of certain indicators of Ukraine’s foreign economic activity, which are closely interrelated, has been determined. Conclusions. The main factor that negatively affects Ukraine’s payment balance is the large balance of goods deficit. The strategy to reduce the payment balance deficit should include the following elements: taking the necessary measures to eliminate internal economic imbalances; to guarantee the provision of export credits to producers, insurance against economic and political risks, the introduction of a preferential depreciation regime for fixed assets and the provision of financial benefits and other loans in exchange for the fulfillment of specific obligations of the export program; use international legal standards to regulate the payments balance; regulation of expenditures and revenues of the state budget, the use of risk insurance instruments in the financial system; increase revenue and revenue rates to increase trademark patents, licenses, and references to scientists and technicians.

scholarly journals The Investment Attractiveness of Economic Activities in the Regions of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (520) ◽  
pp. 169-174
Author(s):  
O. V. Nechyporuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Methodical Approach ◽  
The Impact

The article is aimed at studying the investment attractiveness of types of economic activity in the regions of Ukraine, determining the impact of factor values (of types of economic activity) on the volume of products sold. As a result of the study, a methodical approach to the analysis and determination of investment attractiveness of types of economic activity in the regions of Ukraine is developed; the influence of factor values (of types of economic activity) on the volume of products sold is determined, the main ones are distinguished by means of correlation analysis and the significance of the selected factors of influence is checked using regression analysis. For the analysis, data was formed on the basis of official data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and the Ministry of Economy of Ukraine. To obtain more accurate summary results, the data was normalized in order to convert the values of signs in the input vector to a certain specified range. After the normalization, summary data for correlation and regression analysis were computed. On the basis of the carried out analysis, the economic-mathematical models of influence of investment instruments of the State budget on types of economic activity and a model of influence of investment instruments of foreign direct investment on types of economic activity in the regions of Ukraine were built. The investment attractiveness of certain regions for public investment and for foreign investments is substantiated. Prospects for further research in this direction are the analysis of the impact of other factors on the investment attractiveness of a particular region and Ukraine in general.

scholarly journals FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF UKRAINE: FISCAL CONSEQUENCES

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Dermanska
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
The Impact

The article considers the peculiarities of Ukraine's foreign economic activity in the development of international economic relations and identifies the impact of the taxation system on the import of goods into Ukraine on the fiscal consequences for domestic priorities. In particular, it is analyzed the share of VAT on imported goods in the structure of state budget revenues for 2016-December 2020, the dynamics of excise tax on goods imported into Ukraine and depending on the object of taxation in 2019, the volume and share of import duties in the structure revenues of the State budget. Particular attention is paid to issues related to the filling of the budget, namely, attention is focused on the structure of objects from which excise tax was paid on imports. In particular, the importance of such tools for regulating foreign economic activity as import duties is revealed, but its share in the structure of customs duties is not the most significant, and VAT charges significantly exceed revenues from customs duties on imports. It is emphasized that the priority task to overcome the existing contradictions in the field of foreign trade should be the introduction of an effective and adequate to the requirements of the time model of foreign economic activity. Because, as the results of a study of the activities of domestic enterprises - subjects of foreign economic activity show, the current model is outdated and inefficient and can not ensure the development of this area. The current state of affairs requires a number of sound management decisions backed by political will and economic expediency, and most importantly, not only in the field of fiscal policy. Therefore, the study of the peculiarities of Ukraine's foreign economic activity in the development of international economic relations and determining the impact of value added tax, excise tax and duties on fiscal consequences for domestic priorities allows us to determine that for a full-fledged solution of this range of issues requires a comprehensive approach and the formation of an appropriate strategy, the fundamental basis of which should be the concept of ensuring the fiscal interests of the state.

IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT DEBT ON FINANCIAL SECURITY OF UKRAINE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Pikaliuk ◽  
◽  
Dmitry Kovalenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
State Budget ◽  
The Public ◽  
Debt Security ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

One of the main criteria for economic development is the size of the public debt and its dynamics. The article considers the impact of public debt on the financial security of Ukraine. The views of scientists on the essence of public debt and financial security of the state are substantiated. An analysis of the dynamics and structure of public debt of Ukraine for 2014-2019. It is proved that one of the main criteria for economic development is the size of public debt and its dynamics. State budget deficit, attracting and using loans to cover it have led to the formation and significant growth of public debt in Ukraine. The volume of public debt indicates an increase in the debt security of the state, which is a component of financial security. Therefore, the issue of the impact of public debt on the financial security of Ukraine is becoming increasingly relevant. The constant growth and large amounts of debt make it necessary to study it, which will have a positive impact on economic processes that will ensure the stability of the financial system and enhance its security.

DAMPAK VOLATILITAS HARGA MINYAK DI INDONESIA TERHADAP PENYESUAIAN KESEIMBANGAN FISKAL

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-52
Author(s):  
Mahpud Sujai
Keyword(s):  
Linear Trend ◽  
The State ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Output Gap ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Price Changes ◽  
Potential Output ◽  
Budget Cycle ◽  
Actual Output ◽  
The Impact

This paper is intended to analyze the effect of oil price changes on potential output and actual output in the state budget cycle and identifies the output gap which is the difference between potential output and actual output. The research methodology uses a quantitative approach to analyze problems that occur related to the impact of oil price changes to the state budget cycle. Data analysis was carried out through the approach cyclically adjusted fiscal balance with a simplified approach. This research identified that the potential output is likely to continue increasing in line with Indonesia's oil price trends which is continue to rise following the world oil price movements. In calculating the output gap using a linear trend and HP filter, the result is fuctuating depend on the percentage changes in both potential output and actual output. This paper concludes that Indonesian oil price (ICP) has a significant impact on changes in the state budget cycle. If oil prices rise, the output gap between potential output and actual output is greater, and vice versa. This will make the budget vulnerable to shock that occurs as an external infuence.

ISSUES OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE STATE BUDGET AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN UZBEKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 4-19
Author(s):  
Akmal Baltayevich Allakuliev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
The State ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Macroeconomic Shocks ◽  
Dynamic Correlations ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The article examines the interaction of the country's GDP with the state budget in the short and long term, the impact of the macro-fiscal mechanism on the country's economic growth on the example of Uzbekistan.The aim of the study is to identify dynamic correlations between the country's state budget expenditures and the economic growth of the macro-fiscal mechanism in the short and long term, as well as to analyze the approximation or rate of return of GDP and the state budget to equilibrium during various macroeconomic shocks. and hesitation.The scientific novelties of the research are:

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF UNBALANCED STATE BUDGET OF UKRAINE: ANALYSIS OF OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE FACTORS OF BUDGET REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Zahidna ◽  
◽  
Vasylyna Ignatyshyna ◽  
Uliana Skydan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Successful Solution ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The Impact

A significant place in the social and economic development of each country belongs to the problems of the budget, because the budget belongs to the sphere of public life that directly affects the interests of all members of society. The budget of any country reflects the important economic, social and political problems of the state and each person in particular. At the same time, the successful solution of budget problems is possible only if a proper understanding of its essence, role and place in the system of economic relations. For any country, the state budget is the main link in the financial system. As part of this system, it combines the main financial categories: income and expenditure of the country, the tax system, public credit, public debt in their closest coexistence. The budget as a financial plan of public expenditures and sources of their coverage plays an important role in the activities of the state. It determines its capabilities and development priorities, its role and forms of implementation of the functions assigned to it. It is an effective regulator of that economy reflects the amount of financial resources required by the state, determines specific areas of use of funds, directs the financial activities of the state. The article analyzes and defines the essence of revenues and expenditures of the state budget. The state and dynamics of state budget revenues and budget expenditures are studied. A comparison of state budget revenues and expenditures was made and it was investigated that expenditures significantly exceed revenues, and therefore the state budget is in deficit. The factors of formation of revenues and expenditures of the state budget at the present stage are determined. The dynamics of GDP growth rates and state revenues are analyzed budget, as well as the impact of GDP on the state budget. The peculiarities of the influence of the foreign trade factor on the revenues and expenditures of the state budget are determined. The influence and shares of exports and imports in the state budget revenues are studied. The current problems of imbalance of the state budget and the causes of the state budget deficit are identified. Ways to balance revenues and expenditures at the present stage are proposed. The dynamics of indicators of export and import of Ukraine is analyzed. The problems of Ukraine 's foreign trade at the present stage are investigated and perspective directions of improvement of the existing state of the export – import policy of the state are determined.

scholarly journals State Administration of Retirement Age in the terms of Budget Crisis

Upravlenie ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Соловьев ◽  
A. Solovev
Keyword(s):  
Pension System ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Pension Policy ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
State Pension ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the study is to analyze the effect of age on the appointment of the state pension fiscal system in our country. The problem of rising of the retirement age in Russia is given a value that is far away from the traditional context of direct influence of demographic processes on the level of pensions, on the one hand, and adaptation of the pension system to changing demographic factors, on the other. In the article the pension system for the first time is considered as a multifactorial model that corrects the degree of dependence on the mutually complex of macroeconomic and demographic factors in the different historical periods. This requires a fundamental change in the methodological approaches to the problem of rising the retirement age by using actuarial methods of forecasting. Actuarial analysis of the problem of retirement age in the work shows that the perception of the linear dependence of the age of the destination state of the demographic parameters cannot be considered as a tool for regulating the efficiency of the pension system. The results of the study are the specific parameters of actuarial assessments of the impact of demographic and macroeconomic conditions to increase the retirement age in Russia, conducted using data from the state statistics, formulated practical proposals to mitigate negative economic consequences. Conclusion: Rising the retirement age should be aimed at economic stimulation of formation of the pension rights of the insured in the long term, rather than the economy of the state budget. Methodological approaches, grounded in the work, and quantitative results of the actuarial calculations will be used in the formation of public pension policy in the preparation of the regulations to rise the retirement age, the pension formula of calculating the pension rights of insured persons, the mechanism of pension indexation.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF THREATS TO THE CUSTOMS SECURITY OF THE STATE

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-52
Author(s):  
Olga ZAMASLO ◽  
Oleg PIDKHOMNYI ◽  
Marta PETYK
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Information Support ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
International Economic Cooperation ◽  
Control Procedures ◽  
Security Indicators ◽  
Customs Administration ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The rapid revitalization of integration processes worldwide, the strengthening of international economic cooperation, the intensification of export-import operations increase the impact of the customs system on the state of the national economy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to use effective mechanisms of blocking and elimination of factors that undermine the customs of customs in order to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of the customs system and improve the level of customs security of the state. Purpose is assessing Ukraine’s customs security indicators and identification of sources of customs danger, clarification of the role and assessment of fiscal efficiency of customs authorities in ensuring the customs security of the state, development of recommendations on elimination of the main customs threats in the context of minimization of customs risks in the context of conflict of interests of individual participants of foreign economic relations. Results. The essence of the customs security of the state is revealed, the sources and threats to the customs security are identified. The importance of the indicators of the customs security of Ukraine through the prism of the customs load on the economy of the country and the efficiency of the activity of the customs authorities during 2009–2018 are analyzed. At the same time, it should be noted that the dependence of the state budget on 2/5 of the amount of customs payments is a separate risk from the point of view of the financial security of the state. It is established that the system of customs control, first of all, is characterized by qualitative output parameters, which for the most part are outside the direct jurisdiction of the customs authorities, but which directly affect the effectiveness of the customs administration in practice. The subjective factors influencing the efficiency of the customs administration are the level of information and technical support and the procedure for the organization of customs control procedures, time spent on customs clearance of goods, the establishment of communication relations between the customs relations, the level of qualification of employees and the knowledge and observance of all participants of the FEA and customs clearance procedures. It is confirmed that the main criteria for assessing the customs security of the state should be the completeness of payment of customs duties and the frequency of detection of cases of customs offenses. VAT reimbursement for bogus exports. The customs security of the state is closely related to the customs security of the subjects of foreign economic activity when crossing the goods across the customs border and is determined by the level of well-established interaction of all subjects of customs relations. Conclusion. Proposals for implementation of priority measures in the system of improving the customs security of Ukraine are substantiated and they include coordination of actions of all state bodies on the implementation of customs control in order to eliminate the corruption component during the passage of customs and border clearance, modernization of information support and communication between employees of the customs authorities and entities activities

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF THE SHADOW ECONOMY ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliia Romanovska ◽  
Lily Strapachuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
High Inflation ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

The article considers the approaches to the interpretation of the category "shadow economy", which causes a variety of approaches to assessing the impact of the shadow economy on the socio-economic development of Ukraine. The spread of the pandemic and the complication of economic conditions, formed as a result of the introduction of forced restrictive measures, have led to the growth of the shadow economy in Ukraine. The index of shadowing of the economic sphere in relation to the inflation index and the level of the state budget deficit has been studied. The factors that led to the shadowing of the economy and caused the growth of the share of the shadow sector in the economy of Ukraine are highlighted. The main components of shadow employment are identified. Business entities operating in the shadow sector have significantly more competitive advantages and much higher efficiency than legally operating businesses. As a result, such enterprises are an obstacle to the flow of funds to the budgets of all levels of the country, and as a consequence, have a negative impact on socio-economic development in general. In recent years, state budget expenditures have been growing too slowly, which indicates a high level of shadowing of the economy in conditions of high inflation and, consequently, negatively affects the socio-economic security of society. Budget expenditures are closely linked to public policy, which allows the state to curb the level of economic shadowing through measures to reform relevant areas. It is investigated that the State budget expenditures grow too slowly, which indicates a high level of shadowing of the economy in conditions of high inflation. The paper substantiates the reasons for the growth of the shadow economy and identifies the main measures to reduce shadow employment, the manifestations of which are the deformation of social and economic institutions of the state. The de-shadowing of the economy provides citizens with the right to social protection, in the form of social guarantees in case of unemployment, temporary incapacity for work, accidents or occupational diseases during official work, pensions, etc.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF TAX RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
pp. 188-200
Author(s):  
Anton SHEVCHUK
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
The State ◽  
Business Climate ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
The Face ◽  
Tax Benefits ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The theoretical bases of tax risks are considered and the author's approach to interpretation of their essence is offered. The directions of the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on tax revenues to the State Budget of Ukraine have been studied and the factors of intensification of tax risks have been determined. On this basis, scientifically sound recommendations for improving the management of tax risks in Ukraine in the economic crisis. The purpose of the article is to study the areas of intensification of tax risks in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the development of scientifically sound proposals for improving the management of tax risks in the face of new challenges for fiscal authorities. Results. The main directions of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tax revenues to the State Budget of Ukraine are assessed. It is proved that the manifestations of the economic crisis are the main factors of intensification of tax risks in Ukraine, which are expressed in significant losses of budget revenues. Ways to optimize the mechanism of VAT refunds and directions of audit of tax benefits in order to minimize tax risks are proposed. The mechanisms of obligatory fiscalization of micro and small business settlements through the introduction of registrars of settlement operations on favorable terms for business owners without the need to hire additional employees are outlined. Possibilities of realization of the project of electronic customs as one of elements of creation of a positive business climate and minimization of tax risks are considered. Perspectives. Promising areas of research may be the study of psychological, administrative, technological, political factors of tax risks in Ukraine.

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