THE GROWTH RETARDATION EFFECT IN EARLY HEIFERS ONTOGENESIS ON DAIRY COWS PRODUCTIVITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
А. А. Klimkovetskyi ◽  
D. K. Nosevych ◽  
I. P. Chumachenko
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Protein Output

The objective of the study is to determine, whether the growth retardations of replacement cows are admissible, and in which periods of culture they most significantly affect the further productivity of the cows. The subject of the analysis was the number of animals who at the age of 15 months had the live weight no less than 300 kg (which complied with the breed standard or was inferior to the requirements for 10 % maximum). The animals were divided into 5 groups. The first group included the animals with growth retardation before the age of 3 months. The second one – at the age of 3-6 months; the third one – 6-9 months and the fourth one – 9-12 months. The fifth one was the control group, without growth retardation. The growth retardation referred to the live weight reduction at the end of the period in comparison with its beginning or the average daily weight gain less than 500 g. The authors measured the live weight, first lactation productivity and the lifetime productivity of the animals. It has been established that the growth retardation of the heifers before the age of 3 months negatively affected the growth rate in the following three-month period. They can completely compensate the growth retardation only at the age of 18 months. The other group animals compensated the live weight retardation in comparison with the control group by the age of 15 months. The firstlings which had the growth retardation at the age of 0-3 and 3-6 months, has the highest milk productivity. The same trend was observed in milk fat and protein output and the age of the first calving. However, in the growth retardation group the livability of firstlings, the number of lactations and the productive live was worse. The lifelong milk yield in the growth retardation group was 15-37 % lower than in the control group. Growth retardation at the age of 6-9 months negatively affected the higher lactation productivity. The highest daily milk yield in this group of cows was lower in the control group by 14 % (p < 0.05). Therefore, growth retardation had no negative effect on the milk yield of the firstlings, but resulted in lower survival of the animals, shortened the productive life and lifetime yield. The later the growths retardation occurs, the sooner the heifers can compensate it and the lower is its effect on the lifetime productivity of the cows. In view of the reduction of lifetime productivity, it is purposeful to draft out the animals with the growth retardation.

scholarly journals Use of enzymatic-probiotic preparations in feeding of lacting cows at jsc “Plemzavod Rodina”

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Anastasia Sergeevna Litonina ◽  
Andrey Viktorovich Platonov ◽  
Julia Mikhailovna Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Daily Milk

The article reviews the effectiveness of the usage of enzyme-probiotic preparations “Rumit” and “Cellobacterin+” in feeding lactating cows. The test of enzyme-probiotic additives was carried out in the fall of 2019 in the conditions of JSC “Plemzavod Rodina” of the Vologda region. To study the impact of additives on the level of milk productivity, three groups of animals were formed by the method of balanced groups taking into account live weight, age, blood count, and productivity. The group of animals that received “Cellobacterin +” as an additive of 50 g per day for each head exceeded the control in terms of daily milk yield by 2.9% with a higher fat content of 0.01% and protein by 0.05% at lower food costs per product unit of 5%. High efficiency was also observed while using“Rumit” in feeding, the daily milk yield of cows’ basic fat contentin the experimental group exceeded the control by 7.4%, the yield of milk fat – by 4.7%, and protein – by 5.6%. Feed costs for products in this group were 7% lower in comparison with the control group. Due to the increase of per day milk productivity from one head, it is possible to get additional profit while feeding “Rumit” in the amount of 24.50 rubles, and while using “Celobacterin+” – 15.44 rubles.

PASSPRO SOY FEED PRODUCT IN THE DIETS OF NEWLY CALVED HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE COWS

2020 ◽  
pp. 263-267
Author(s):  
Е.G. Chuprina ◽  
◽  
D. А. Yurin ◽  
N.А. Yurina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
The Past ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Daily Milk

Studies conducted in farm conditions, the company, OOO PZ «Nasha Rodina» in Sokolovsky village of Gulkevichsky district of Krasnodar region. The aim of the research was to study the use of the PassPro Soy feed product consisting of protected soy protein in the diets of new-bodied highly productive cows. 2 groups of cows of the red-mottled Holstein breed were formed, selected according to the principle of pairs-analogues: by age in calving, calving time, live weight, productivity for the past lactation, fat and protein content in milk. The ration of the first control group was the ration accepted on the farm for newbodied cows. The diet of the second experimental group was the same as in the first control group, only 1.5 kg of compound feed was replaced with 1.5 kg of PassPro Soy, which is a protected soy protein in the form of a 5 mm granule. During the milking period, the daily milk yield of cows in the control group was 30.80±1.07 kg. The daily milk yield of cows of the second group, where 1.5 kg of compound feed was replaced by 1.5 kg of PassPro Soy, significantly increased by 6.6 %. Due to the increase in the gross milk yield, there is a tendency to increase the amount of milk fat in the milk of cows of the second group by 6.9 %, as well as milk protein by 11.3 %. In the experimental group, when replacing 1.5 kg of feed taken on the farm with 1.5 kg of PassPro Soy, milk productivity increased by 2.03 kg. Additional profit from the sale of milk in the experimental group increased by 48.72 rubles. for 1 head per day. The economic efficiency in the second experimental group was 6.30 %.

Milk productivity of the cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds in environment of the Novosibirsk region

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zheltikov ◽  
N. Kostomakhin ◽  
D. Adushinov ◽  
O. Zaiko ◽  
V. Dementev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Daily Milk Yield

The characteristic of milk productivity of cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds in LLC “Sibirskaya Niva” in the Maslyaninsky district in the Novosibirsk region has been given. It has been revealed that under the natural and climatic environments of the Western Siberia, when creating favorable conditions for feeding and housing for cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds have sufficiently high milk productivity. It has been found that Holstein first-calf heifers surpassed their Simmental herdmates by 959 kg in milk yield for the first 305 days of lactation under the same conditions of housing and feeding, by 3,1 kg in daily milk yield, by 38,2 kg in milk fat yield, and by 28,3 kg in milk protein yield (P < 0,001). There were no statistically significant differences between animals of Holstein and Simmental breeds in terms of fat and protein content in milk, which amounted to 3,94 and 2,96 % in Holstein breed and 3,97 and 2,98 % in Simmental breed, respectively. Both breeds have shown high milk productivity during the first 3 lactations. Thus, the milk yield of Holstein cows for the first 3 lactation was 6475–9290 kg, Simmental cows it was 5516–7680 kg, fat content was 3,93–3,99 and 3,96–3,97 %, respectively. The protein content in the milk of cows of both breeds did not exceed 3,0 %. High variability has been found in milk yield, yield of milk fat and protein, the coefficient of milk content and duration of lactation, the lowest in the content of protein and fat in milk and live weight. The correlation coefficients between the fat and protein content in milk were generally positive, but did not exceed 0,28. Therefore, breeding in the herd of cows in LLC “Sibirskaya Niva” have to be conducted not only by fat content, but also by protein content in milk.

Effect of pre and post-natal nutrition on the performances of ewes and lambs under semi intensive rearing system

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
S Ahmed ◽  
MRH Rakib ◽  
M Yesmin ◽  
M Ershaduzamman
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

The study was conducted to know the effect of different levels of pre and post-natal nutrition on the performances of ewes and their lambs until 1 year of age and the profitable slaughter age of lambs under semi intensive system. Twenty eight (28) native Bengal ewes at 7 weeks of gestation were randomly assigned to four groups (T0, T1, T2, T3) and supplemented with a concentrate mixture at 0.0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0% of their body weight respectively. Ewes were allowed to graze 8 hours daily. Creep mixture (20 g/lamb/day) was provided to lambs from 2 weeks age with an increment of 10 g/lamb/week. After weaning, 20 growing male lambs were selected and reared 01 year of age with concentrate mixture at 1.5% of their body weight and 8 hours grazing irrespective of treatment groups. Parameters like, ewe’s litter size, daily milk yield, post-partum heat and lamb’s birth weight, weaning weight, live weight at 06, 09 and 12 months were recorded. The data were analyzed in an ANOVA with CRD by using SPSS v. 20. The mean differences were tested by DMRT at a probability level of P<0.05. After weaning, the lamb growths were analyzed considering age as fixed factor. Regression correlations among different parameters with different ages were also performed. Significantly higher daily milk yield (P<0.01), weaning weight (P<0.05) and daily weight gain of lamb until weaning (P<0.05) were observed in T2 group. Besides, lambs weight at 06, 09, and 12 months differ significantly (P<0.01) along with corresponding daily weight gain (P<0.05). Lambs daily weight gain did not differ significantly from weaning to 09 months of age but significantly reduced (P<0.05) from 09 to 12months age. Finally, it may be concluded that a concentrate diet containing 20% CP during late pregnancy to lactation should be supplied to obtain maximum performances of ewes and their lambs. Besides, native Bengal lamb would be slaughtered between 06 to 09 months of age to get maximum return. Bang. J. Livs. Res. Vol. 26 (1&2), 2019: P. 43-50

scholarly journals A liquid supplement of SynerMax® and cane molasses for lactating dairy cows in semiconfinement

1969 ◽  
Vol 87 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 137-147
Author(s):  
Paul F. Randel ◽  
Jaime R. Moyá
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cane Molasses ◽  
Liquid Feed ◽  
Reversal Design ◽  
Daily Milk Yield

Eighteen Holstein cows of approximately 550 kg mean live weight (LW), and 57 ± 24 days in milk at the start, were divided into six groups of three each for use in a single-reversal design, with two 5-wk experimental periods, to compare two treatments: T1, including a liquid feed (85% SynerMax5:15% cane molasses) offered in lick-wheel tanks to three groups between 7:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m. (1.7-kg daily intake), plus a concentrate of solid ingredients (theoretically 1.8 Meal NEL/kg, 16% crude protein) fed individually according to milk yield, a small offering of grass hay (<3 kg consumed daily), and rotational grazing at night in four paddocks on mixed tropical grasses; T2, as in T1 but without liquid feed, rather including a larger concentrate allowance (10.5- vs. 11.6-kg intake). Mean results obtained with TI and T2, respectively: daily milk yield, 22.45 vs. 22.55 kg; milk fat percentage, 3.03 vs. 2.94; milk protein percentage, 2.68 vs. 2.76 (P < 0.01). Intakes of dry matter (DM) from high-energy supplements (solid concentrate plus liquid feed) were 10.2 vs. 10.3 kg, respectively. Daily DM intake from grazed forage by cows of both treatments in common pastures was estimated by a disk-drop method as 9.31 ± 2.68 kg. It is concluded that the liquid feed, when constituting 4 or 5% of total dietary DM, had a feeding value equal to that of the solid concentrate on a DM basis, but no synergistic effect was substantiated. 

scholarly journals Milchleistung und -qualität von Fleischrindkühen während der Säugeperiode

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Scholz ◽  
A. Z. Kovács ◽  
J. Stefler ◽  
R.-D. Fahr ◽  
G. von Lengerken
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Suckling Period ◽  
The North ◽  
Protein X ◽  
Red Angus ◽  
Daily Milk Yield

Abstract. Title of the paper: Milk yield an milk quality of beef cows during the suckling period The milk yield of suckling cows is an important requirement for the growth of weaning calves. The daily milk yield of 57 suckling cows was recorded in different stages of suckling period. As methods of the milk recording were used "weigh – suckle – weigh" and machine milking with application of oxytocin. The means of the 200 days milk yield were 1,754 kg in suckling cows of the Red Angus breed at Hungarian farm and 2,868 kg for different genotypes on a grassland location in the North of Germany. On average, the percentage of milk fat was x = 4.26 % ± 1.17 %, of protein x = 3.62 % ± 0.39 % and of lactose x = 4.80 % + 0.35 %, respectively. Significant relations were recorded between the milk yield in the first 6th months of suckling period and the daily weight gain (coefficients from r = 0.541 to r = 0.581).

IMPACT OF NEW ACTIVATOR RUMINAL MICROFLORA ON DAIRY COWS EFFICIENCY

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Д.Ю. ГРИГОРЬЕВ ◽  
Д.А. ПИРОГОВ ◽  
Д.В. ФРИЗЕН
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Average Content ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Daily Milk

Изучено влияние на продуктивность коров нового активатора рубцовой микрофлоры — «МегаБуст Румен» (МБР) на основе инактивированного ферментационного экстракта Trichoderma longibrachiantum и специализированного штамма дрожжей Saccharomyces cerevisiae в двух опытах. В первом эксперименте в опытной группе коровы в транзитный период получали по 100 г/день МБР за 7 дней до отела и с 1 по 150-й день лактации, в остальном содержание и кормление животных опытной (n=10) и контрольной (n=10) групп было идентичным. В среднем в сутки коровы в опытной группе давали молока 41,26±0,91 кг при среднем содержании молочного жира 3,8±0,33% и белка 3,34±0,06%, что на 6,81±0,62 кг молока больше (Р<0,05), чем в контрольной группе (34,82±0,78 кг при среднем содержании молочного жира 3,55±0,13 и белка 3,08±0,09%). Использование МБР в опытной группе способствовало существенному увеличению среднесуточного удоя (+1500 кг) в опытной группе по сравнению с контрольной на 1 голову, пересчитанного на содержание жира 3,5%, за первые 150 дней лактации. Экономический эффект применения МБР — это дополнительный чистый доход на 1 голову за период эксперимента — 40037 руб. Во втором опыте, который проводился на всей группе лактирующих коров, при скармливании на 1 голову в сутки 100 г МБР отмечали повышение добровольного потребления сухого вещества (+2 кг СВ), увеличение среднесуточного удоя (+4,4 кг) на 1 голову в день. Возврат инвестиций в активатор рубцовой микрофлоры на 1 руб. составил 12,7 руб. The effect of new rumen microflora activator — MegaBust Rumen (MBR) on the basis of inactivated fermentation extract Trichoderma longibrachiantum and a specialized strain of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the cows productivity was studied in two experiments.In the first experiment, in the experimental group, the cows received MBR in the dose 100 g/day in the transit period 7 days before calving and from the 1st to the 150th day of lactation, otherwise the keeping and feeding of the animals of the experimental and control groups were identical. In average, per day, cows in the experimental group gave milk 41.26±0.91 kg with an average content of milk fat of 3.8±0.33% and protein of 3.34±0.06%, which is 6.81±0,62 kg of milk is more (P<0.05) than in the control group (34.82±0.78 kg with an average content of milk fat of 3.55±0.13 and protein of 3.08±0.09%). The use of MBR in the experimental group contributed to a significant increase in the average daily milk yield (+1500 kg) in the experimental group compared to the control for 1 head, calculated on the fat content of 3.5% for the period of first 150 days of lactation. The economic effect of the use of MBR is an additional net income per head for the period of the experiment was — 40037 rubles. In the second experiment, which was conducted on the entire group of lactating cows, when feeding 100 g of MBR per head per day, an increase in voluntary consumption of dry matter (+2 kg DM), an increase in average daily milk yield (+4.4 kg) per 1 head per day were noted . Return on investment in the activator of ruminal microflora by 1 ruble amounted to 12.7 rubles.

scholarly journals Effect of Rumen Protected Methionine Supplementation on Early Lactational Responses of Dairy Cows Fed a Grass Silage and Cereals Diet

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Iwańska ◽  
Danuta Strusińska ◽  
Barbara Pysera
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

To investigate the milk production limiting potential of a diet based on grass silage (40%), hay (15%), dried sugar beet pulp (13%) and grain compound mixture (32%), 28 multiparous cows in early lactation were randomly assigned to two treatment groups: a control group and a group receiving supplementary rumen protected methionine (RPMet) treatment (12 g intestinally available methionine/ cow/day, given 1–120 days postpartum; Smartamine™; RPAN’s technology). The diet was formulated to meet the requirements for protein and net energy. RPMet supplementation had no significant effect on DMI (kg/cow/day), milk dry mass, milk lactose and milk urea contents. Responses for mean daily milk yield, mean milk fat and milk protein yields were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in cows supplied with RPMet than in controls. Mean daily milk yield, milk protein and milk fat yields increased by 2.4 kg, 108 g and 124 g, respectively. The mean daily milk protein and casein contents were increased by 1.8 g and 0.9 g and milk fat content by 1.2 g in 1 kg of milk, respectively. The results suggest that in cows fed grass silage and a grain compound mixture milk production is limited by methionine insufficiency, but milk production performance can be increased significantly by the addition of RPMet to the diet.

Effect of untreated or chemically upgraded barley straw with highly digestible grass silage on intake and performance of lactating cows

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Phipps ◽  
R. F. Weller ◽  
R. J. Elliott ◽  
D. I. Givens ◽  
A. R. Moss
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Grass Silage

SUMMARYBetween weeks 3 and 18 of lactation, 141 British Friesians all received concentrate (metabolizable energy (ME) 12·9 MJ/kg dry matter (DM), 202 g crude protein (CP)/kg DM) at 8·0 kg fresh weight/day. In addition, cows received ad libitum either grass silage (ME 11·7 MJ/kg toluene DM; 219 gCP/kg DM) or a mixture containing grass silage and 15, 25 or 40% (DM basis) of winter barley straw (cv. Igri) either untreated (UTS) or treated (TS) with 4% NaOH. Forage treatments were imposed at either week 3 or week 9 of lactation.The mean forage DM intake of cows receiving grass silage only was 8·60 kg/day. When 15, 25 and 40% UTS was introduced into the rations at week 3 or 9 of lactation, forage DM intakes were 884, 8·43, 7·62 and 8·63, 8·83, 819 kg/day, respectively; the corresponding values for TS were 8·88, 855, 8·99 and 8·97, 8·98, 9·35 kg7sol;day. The milk yield of cows receiving grass silage only was 22·1 kg/day. When 15, 25 and 40% UTS was introduced into the rations at week 3 or 9 of lactation, milk yields were 21·1 kg/3, 20·1 kg/1, 20·1 kg/5 and 20·1 kg/1, 21·4, 20·5 kg/day, respectively; the corresponding values for TS were 21·8, 22·1, 21·3 and 22·5, 21·4, 22·6 kg/day. When averaged across the three inclusion rates, TS significantly increased forage intake (P < 0·05) and milk yield (P < 0·01) compared with UTS. Intermediate values were recorded for the diet with grass silage alone. The inclusion of TS in the ration did not affect milk yield compared with grass silage alone. No major changes in milk composition were recorded by the inclusion of either TS or UTS. However, the yields of milk fat, protein and lactose for the TS treatments were higher than for UTS and were significant for protein (P < 0·01) and lactose (P < 0·001). Cows with UTS in their ration tended to have lower live weight gains than either the control group or treatments with TS.When compared with grass silage only, the inclusion of TS or UTS decreased digestibility coefficients and ME contents, determined in vivo using wether sheep fed at maintenance. However, the treatment of straw with NaOH (4%) increased its digestibility coefficients of dry matter from 0·-393 to 0·668, of organic matter from 0·445 to 0·686, of acid detergent fibre from 0·442 to 0·713, gross energy from 0·438 to 0·640 and ME content from 7·0 to 9·4 MJ/kg DM.

scholarly journals Consequences of herbal mixture supplementation on milk performance, ruminal fermentation, and bacterial diversity in water buffaloes

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11241
Author(s):  
Faizul Hassan ◽  
Zhenhua Tang ◽  
Hossam M. Ebeid ◽  
Mengwei Li ◽  
Kaiping Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Herbal Mixture ◽  
Fermentation Parameters ◽  
Daily Milk Yield

This study was aimed to evaluate the potential of a herbal mixture (HM) to improve production performance, rumen fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in water buffaloes. Sixteen Murrah buffaloes (in four groups) were fed for 10 weeks with the same basal diet supplemented with 0 (control); 20 (HM20), 30 (HM30), and 40 (HM40) g/buffalo per day. The herbal mixture contained an equal quantity of black pepper (fruit), ginger (tubers), cinnamon (bark), peppermint (leaves), ajwain (seeds) and garlic (bulbs). After two weeks of adaptation, daily milk yield, and weekly milk composition were recorded. On the last day of the experiment, rumen contents were collected to determine rumen fermentation parameters and bacterial diversity through 16S rRNA sequencing. Results revealed no effect of treatment on dry matter intake (DMI), rumen fermentation parameters, and daily milk yield. However, milk fat (%) showed a tendency to increase (p = 0.07) in HM20 as compared with the control group. A significant increase in mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids (C14:1, C16:1, C18:2n6 and C18:3) whereas a decrease in saturated fatty acids (C18:0) in milk was observed in HM20 as compared with the control group. No significant change in bacterial diversity parameters (alpha and beta diversity) was observed in response to the treatment. Despite the substantial variation observed in the relative abundance of bacteria among treatment groups, no significant effect of treatment was observed when compared with the control group. Correlation analysis revealed several positive and negative correlations of rumen bacteria with rumen volatile fatty acids (VFA) and milk yield traits. Bacterial genera including Succinivibrionaceae, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, and Lachnospiraceae showed a positive correlation with VFA and milk yield traits. Overall, we observed 52 positive and 10 negative correlations of rumen bacteria with milk fatty acid contents. Our study revealed the potential of the herbal mixture at a lower supplemental level (20 g/day) to increase milk fat (%) and unsaturated fatty acid content in buffalo.

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