scholarly journals Justification of the constructive scheme and traction resistance of chisel tools with the simultaneous application of mineral fertilizers

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
Rais Rakhimov ◽  
Zinnur Rakhimov ◽  
Ildar Rakhimov ◽  
Artur Rakhimzhanov
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Simultaneous Application

INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND TECHNIQUES INTRODUCTION EXPERIENCE FOR CULTIVATION AND POST-HARVEST HANDLING OF GRAIN AND SEEDS

10.12737/3808 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Шайдуллин ◽  
Khasan Shaydullin ◽  
Шайхов ◽  
Marsel Shaykhov ◽  
Еров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Design Specification ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Seed Crop ◽  
Cleaning Machine ◽  
Acceptance Tests

This study discusses a plant breeding and seed system recovery. According to the 2013 information, over 3000 seeders with colters of strip cropping were upgraded, which worked in 64 regions of the country. Simultaneously with the work on the modernization of the seeders for strip cropping, Russian Institute of Mechanization together with LLC “Tekhtsentr Laishevo” and “KhaRaSha” developed a design specification on the universal seeder SUZT 4of strip cropping with 4 meter width and a design specification on unified with it breeding and farming seeder SFS -2 with 2 meter wide. The pilot seeder SUZT-4 was designrd in LLC “KhaRaSha” and in 2012 it was successfully held acceptance tests with the recommendation on production at the Kirov Machine Testing Station. This seeder is designed for strip sowing of cereals, legumes, small-seeded crops and grass with simultaneous application of mineral fertilizers, as well as for early spring narrowband sowing of sparse winter crops and perennial grasses and subsurface mineral fertilizers plant nutrition. In 2013 there have manufactured a pilotmachine of breeding and farming seeder SFS-2 and it was transferred to Machine Testing Station for carrying out acceptance tests. The speeding up the implementing these seeders allow to carry out technological operation of planting crops in a highly effective stripping way with a significant increase of productivity and with high quality seeds. On spring wheat crops, where the seeds were prepared by car SMVO and sowing performed by seeders with ODA colters of strip cropping, the field germination ranged was from 92.5 to 95.6%, which is 4.5-8.1% higher, than seeds, obtained without isolation of their specific weight and drill sowing by double disc coulters. As a result, the higher harvest is formed by 8-10 centner per hectare and more. Additional 1.0 million tons of crops were reaped from improved seeds quality. Thus, the use of universal seeders with single disc - hoe colters and seed-crop cleaning machines SMVO is the most affordable way to increase the crops yield and seed quality for all farms. Key words: selection and seed-farming, Seed-growers association, seed-crop cleaning machine, processing of grain and seed, a seeder with disc-hoe colters, strip cropping .

scholarly journals THE RESULTS OF A THREE-FACTOR EXPERIMENT OF A COMBINED CUTTER FOR VARIOUS LEVEL SOWING OF SMALL SEED CROPS AND THE APPLICATION OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
А.С. ФИРСОВ ◽  
Е.С. БЕЛЯКОВА
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Cartesian Coordinate ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
Three Factor

Проблема и цель. Целью исследований рабочего органа для посева мелкосеменных культур с одновременным внесением минеральных удобрений, патент на полезную модель RU № 195476, является определение рациональных параметров и режимов работы при осуществлении технологической операции посева льна с внесением минеральных удобрений. Методология. Основой проведения трехфакторного эксперимента является получение массива данных для обширного исследования технологического процесса посева. При планировании эксперимента составлена план-матрица с кодированием исследуемых факторов. Полученные значения качественных показателей заносятся в сводную форму, далее осуществляется статистическая обработка полученных результатов с использованием компьютерной программы Excel, входящей в пакет Microsoft Ofce. По результатам проведения эксперимента оформлены уравнения регрессии второго порядка. Для каждого уравнения проводится оценка по критериям Кохрена, Фишера и Стьюдента (оценивается значимость коэффициентов регрессии, проводится проверка воспроизводимости опыта и адекватности модели). Заключительным этапом обработки данных является построение поверхности отклика в декартовой системе координат XYZ с использованием компьютерной программы MathCAD 13 и STATISTIKA-10. После построения графических зависимостей осуществлялся анализ полученных поверхностей показателей. Результаты. Результатом трехфакторного эксперимента являются полученные рациональные показатели и режимы работы сошника при проведении операции посева льна с внесением минеральных удобрений. Заключение. Установлены рациональные параметры и режимы работы комбинированного сошника в лабораторных условиях, необходимые для дальнейшего исследования многофункционального рабочего органа сеялки в полевых опытах. Problem and purpose. The purpose of research of the working body for sowing small-seeded crops with the simultaneous application of mineral fertilizers, patent for a useful model RU No. 195476, is to determine the rational parameters and operating modes in the implementation of the technological operation of sowing fax with the introduction of mineral fertilizers. Methodology. The basis for conducting a three-factor experiment is to obtain a data set for an extensive study of the technological process of seeding. When planning an experiment, a plan was drawn up with the coding of the factors under study. The obtained values of quality indicators are entered into a summary form, then statistical processing of the results obtained using the Excel computer program included in the Microsoft Ofce package is carried out. Based on the results of the experiment, second-order regression equations were formulated. For each equation, an assessment is carried out according to the Cochran, Fisher and Student criteria (the signifcance of the regression coefcients is estimated, the reproducibility of the experience and the adequacy of the model are checked).The fnal stage of data processing is the construction of the response surface in the XYZ Cartesian coordinate system using the computer programs MathCAD 13 and STATISTIKA-10. After plotting the graphical dependencies, the obtained surfaces of the indicators were analyzed. Results. The result of the three-factor experiment is the obtained rational indicators and operating modes of the opener during the operation of sowing fax with the introduction of mineral fertilizers. Conclusion. The rational parameters and operating modes of the combined opener in laboratory conditions, necessary for further research of the multifunctional working body of the seeder in feld experiments, have been established.

scholarly journals Technologies and methods of restoration of degraded forage lands of the Central Caucasus

2020 ◽  
Vol 203 (12) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Irina Soldatova ◽  
Sergey Dzhibilov ◽  
Eduard Soldatov ◽  
Lyudmila Guluyeva
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The article presents the results of R&D and new units for the restoration of degraded mountain areas. The purpose of the study is the accelerated restoration of the natural phytocenosis and the implementation of measures to improve meadows using these aggregates. The object of the study is the technologies and units developed by the authors for the following operations: cutting bumps, raking stones, sowing grass mixtures with the simultaneous application of mineral fertilizers. The research objectives included: determining the initial floristic composition of a degraded mountain meadow; assessment of the impact of events and agricultural practices on the change in the floristic composition of the grass stand, its productivity and energy intensity; identification of the effectiveness of the application of the developed units when sowing herbs in turf and targeted application of mineral fertilizers. The novelty of the technical solution lies in the fact that new resource-saving methods have been developed to improve mountain fodder land using small-sized universal units. . The tests were carried out at a mountain hospital located on the southeastern exposition of the Dargavskiy depression of the North Ossetia-Alania, at an altitude of 1650 m above sea level with a slope of 10°, in six plots, with a recorded area of 360 m2. Three options in triplicate. The first option is natural seeding, and the second is grass seeding by the aggregate, the third option is grass seeding and low doses of N60P45K20 fertilizers. The plots are located across the slope randomized. It was found that at a concentration of 17.2 MJ of energy in 1 kg of dry matter of feed, the total collection in the control plot was 29.7 GJ, and in the seeded experimental field – 85.3 GJ; the crop of the aboveground fodder mass, when sowing grasses, in the first year of observations amounted to 21.8 c/ha of dry weight, which is 3 times higher than in the control. During the growing season of the third year of observations, the yield in the sown area was 39.2 c/ha of dry weight against 19.3 c/ha in the control.

scholarly journals Optimization of Parameters of a Multifunctional Unit Based on a Spring Harrow

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1915-1918 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Optimization Criterion ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Utility Model ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Optimization Of Parameters ◽  
Reduced Costs ◽  
Distinguishing Features

The article proposes a mathematical model and an algorithm for optimizing the parameters developed by the authors of a multifunctional tillage unit based on a spring harrow with simultaneous application of solid mineral fertilizers. Using the optimization criterion, the minimum reduced costs for the implementation of the technological process of soil harrowing with the introduction of mineral fertilizers by the proposed multifunctional unit, its parameters and operation mode are substantiated. The principal distinguishing features of the working body of the spring harrow are described in accordance with the RF patent for utility model.

scholarly journals Analysis of design and technological solutions of strip sowing machines

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 05040
Author(s):  
Dmitry Melnikov ◽  
Ivan Ignatenko ◽  
Yuri Tsarev ◽  
Dmitry Vivchar
Keyword(s):  
General Analysis ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Minimal Cost ◽  
Middle Ground ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Promising Direction ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Grain Crops

General analysis of the design and technological solutions of machines for strip sowing is given. The task is to find a middle ground between constructive and technological solutions and zonal conditions that would ensure high productivity of the cultivated crop at minimal cost. The analysis shows that a promising direction is the use of combined aggregates designed for surface tillage, both for sowing grain crops and for row crops, with simultaneous application of mineral fertilizers and harrowing.

ANALYSIS OF DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS OF MACHINES FOR STRIP SOWING

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Melnikov ◽  
◽  
I. V. Ignatenko ◽  
Y. A. Tsarev ◽  
D. I. Vivchar
Keyword(s):  
General Analysis ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Minimal Cost ◽  
Middle Ground ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Promising Direction ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Grain Crops

A General analysis of the design and technological solutions of machines for strip sowing is given. The task is to find a middle ground between constructive and technological solutions and zonal conditions that would ensure high productivity of the cultivated crop at minimal cost. The analysis shows that a promising direction is the use of combined aggregates designed for surface tillage, both for sowing grain crops and for row crops, with simultaneous application of mineral fertilizers and harrowing.

scholarly journals Potato ecological quality in the biologization of high-intensity technologies of its cultivation and irrigation

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-177
Author(s):  
Алексей Бутов ◽  
Alexey Butov ◽  
Анна Мандрова ◽  
Anna Mandrova
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
White Mustard ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Post Harvest

To reduce the accumulation of toxic substances in tubers in 2014–2016 the author studied biological methods of fertilizers application and plant protection in black earth forest-steppe region under the conditions of high-intensity potato cultivation technology along with drip irrigation. The introduction describes the importance of potato in the diet of population and lists the environmental issues that arise as a result of enhanced using of chemicals during crop cultivation. The doses of mineral fertilizers in experiments were introduced separately and in combination with a bioameliorant: 1) without fertilizers (control site); 2) N60P90K60; 3) N90P135K90; 4) N120P180K120; 5) biological ameliorant – white mustard, post-harvest green manure; 6) bioameliorant + N60P90K60; 7) bioameliorant + N90P135K90; 8) bioameliorant + N120P180K120. Chemical insecticide Aktara and biological preparations Fitoverm, Akarin were used to protect potatoes against Colorado potato beetles. Insecto-fungicide Celest was used to treat seed tubers against fungal diseases. During growing season the author used fungicides Profit Gold, Ridomil Gold against fungal diseases, against weeds – Zenkor and Remus. High yield of potato environmentally friendly considering nitrates was obtained by means of simultaneous application of N90P135K90 and white mustard green mass. Tuber yield was 40.4 tonnes per hectare compared to 22.7 tonnes per hectare on the control site, and nitrate content was 111.3 mg while maximum permissible concentration (MPC) is 250 mg/kg. According to MPC established in the Russian Federation, for childrenʼs and dietary nutrition fertilizer dose should not exceed N60P90K60 in combination with a bioameliorant and a biological plant protection system. Safety interval (period between plant treatment and harvesting) for chemical insecticides is 35–40 days; fungicides – 20 days; herbicides (depending on their type) – 55–70 days. The production of ecologically clean potato according to EU standards was achieved only by means of using post-harvest green manure as a fertilizer, applying biological insecticides and Celest preparation within the framework of protecting plants against pests and diseases.

scholarly journals Improvement of mechanization and agricultural technologies in the mountainous and foothill regions of the North Caucasus

2019 ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
С ДЖИБИЛОВ ◽  
Sergey Dzhibilov ◽  
Л ГУЛУЕВА ◽  
Lyudmila Guluyeva ◽  
Ирина Солдатова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Experimental Development ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
The North ◽  
Mountain Meadows

Abstract. The authors presented the results of scientific research and experimental development, on the basis of which a prototype was designed and created for applying liquid fertilizers to the grass and the soil surface of mountain meadows and pastures in order to improve them, reduce erosion processes and increase productivity. The aim of the work: to develop and create a combined multifunctional unit for the application of liquid fertilizers on mountain meadows and pastures, providing an increase in the productivity of agricultural landscapes and profitability of agricultural production by 15–20 %. The object of the study are fertilizer application rates and interchangeable working parts: a container for liquid mineral fertilizers, a collector of sprayers, tips. The novelty of the technical solution lies in the fact that a combined multifunctional unit based on a chisel cultivator ССМ-2,4 was created for the first time. The research of the unit was carried out on the basis of the workshop of the mechanization group of the North Caucasus Research Institute of Mining and Piedmont Agriculture (NCRIMPAC) and at the high-altitude experimental site in the village of Dargavs Prigorodny district of North Ossetia-Alania. When creating a prototype of a unit for applying liquid fertilizers, the developments of the authors are used and combined, which are confirmed by the issuance of patents for useful model of the Russian Federation No. 144420 and No. 130781. As a result of the application of the developed prototype of the unit, the erosion processes are reduced, the productivity and profitability of the sloping lands increases, and the botanical composition of the herbs is improved. It was established that the design and functionality of the proposed unit also allow it to be used in the mountain zone in nursery farms and on tilled crops with simultaneous application of liquid fertilizers in the forest zone. The use of a prototype unit will reduce erosion and other types of degradation of the fertile soil in the mountains, solve the problem of surface improvement of hayfields and pastures and, as a result, increase the productivity of forage lands by 15–20 %.

scholarly journals Development of Effective Arable Units for Dump Plowing

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 4595-4600
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Optimization Criterion ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Operating Speed ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Optimal Power ◽  
Minimum Total Energy ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Tractor Engine

This article presents the results of the development of a mathematical model and a flowchart for optimizing the workflow of dump plowing with the simultaneous application of mineral fertilizers, as well as additional crumbling and leveling of the soil proposed by the authors of a machine-tractor unit. The optimal power of the tractor engine, its mass, the width of the implement and its mass, the operating speed and the optimization criterion value - the minimum total energy costs for the process of plowing with related works (fertilizing, leveling the soil) were obtained. The technical and operational indicators of modern dump plows are analyzed and the most effective ones are selected. New directions of increasing the efficiency of arable units on dump plowing are presented.

PCSK9 inhibition for LDL lowering and beyond – implications for patients with peripheral artery disease

VASA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Gebauer ◽  
Holger Reinecke
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Ldl Receptor ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Pcsk9 Inhibitors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Reduction ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pcsk9 Inhibition

Abstract. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) has been proven to be a causal factor of atherosclerosis and, along with other triggers like inflammation, the most frequent reason for peripheral arterial disease. Moreover, a linear correlation between LDL-C concentration and cardiovascular outcome in high-risk patients could be established during the past century. After the development of statins, numerous randomized trials have shown the superiority for LDL-C reduction and hence the decrease in cardiovascular outcomes including mortality. Over the past decades it became evident that more intense LDL-C lowering, by either the use of highly potent statin supplements or by additional cholesterol absorption inhibitor application, accounted for an even more profound cardiovascular risk reduction. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a serin protease with effect on the LDL receptor cycle leading to its degradation and therefore preventing continuing LDL-C clearance from the blood, is the target of a newly developed monoclonal antibody facilitating astounding LDL-C reduction far below to what has been set as target level by recent ESC/EAS guidelines in management of dyslipidaemias. Large randomized outcome trials including subjects with PAD so far have been able to prove significant and even more intense cardiovascular risk reduction via further LDL-C debasement on top of high-intensity statin medication. Another approach for LDL-C reduction is a silencing interfering RNA muting the translation of PCSK9 intracellularly. Moreover, PCSK9 concentrations are elevated in cells involved in plaque composition, so the potency of intracellular PCSK9 inhibition and therefore prevention or reversal of plaques may provide this mechanism of action on PCSK9 with additional beneficial effects on cells involved in plaque formation. Thus, simultaneous application of statins and PCSK9 inhibitors promise to reduce cardiovascular event burden by both LDL-C reduction and pleiotropic effects of both agents.

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