Pandemic and Modern Medicine: Time to Recognize and Correct Previous Misconceptions

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Igor Klepikov
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Scientific Validity ◽  
Acute Pneumonia ◽  
Practical Feasibility ◽  
Common Situation

A year ago, few people doubted the scientific validity and practical feasibility of existing approaches to the treatment of acute pneumonia (AP). Even the use of a single antibiotic as the main treatment for completely different and disparate diseases was a common situation, the contradiction of which to the basics of clinical medicine was not questioned. The activity of antibiotics only against bacterial pathogens without additional effects on other manifestations of the disease did not prevent them from achieving the image of an almost panacea.

scholarly journals Pandemic and Modern Medicine: Time to Recognize and Correct Previous Misconceptions

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Scientific Validity ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Practical Feasibility ◽  
Common Situation

A year ago, few people doubted the scientific validity and practical feasibility of existing approaches to the treatment of acute pneumonia (AP). Even the use of a single antibiotic as the main treatment for completely different and disparate diseases was a common situation, the contradiction of which to the basics of clinical medicine was not questioned. The activity of antibiotics only against bacterial pathogens without additional effects on other manifestations of the disease did not prevent them from achieving the image of an almost panacea. The gradual decrease in the effectiveness of antibiotics with the biologically natural appearance of resistant bacterial strains was regularly compensated by the release of new, more active drugs. Decades of close attention to the suppression of pathogens have formed a persistent infectious ideology of the causes of AP, and the disease itself has become classified as infectious. However, this terminology did not correspond to the actual situation, since in practice patients with AP were not subject to mandatory isolation and other strict anti-epidemic measures. At the same time, during the period of antibacterial therapy, the number of patients in need of additional medical care steadily increased, but the infectious interpretation of the nature of the disease suggested the choice of methods tested for other inflammatory processes. The specifics of pulmonary inflammation faded into the background and no longer determined the specifics of treatment.

scholarly journals The COVID-19 pandemic and the future of public health

2021 ◽  
pp. 209660832110224
Author(s):  
Jinling Tang
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Rare Opportunity ◽  
Human Death

The COVID-19 pandemic provides us with a rare opportunity to deeply examine the validity of the construction of modern medicine, which is armed by science, and focus more on technologies than on people’s values and more on new ideas than on conventional wisdom. The world’s responses to the COVID-19 emergency have revealed a badly weakened public health system – one of the three pillars of medicine, the other two being basic medicine and clinical medicine. A 100 years ago, public health was the only effective measure for combating infectious diseases, which were then the main cause of human death. It is still a decisive weapon against COVID-19 and other communicable diseases alike, but was barely recognized and trusted at the beginning of the pandemic by the general public and even some international strategists. However, the epidemic has been effectively contained in China by non-pharmacological public health measures, which saved valuable time for the development of vaccines in the country and probably hundreds of thousands of lives as well. Public health aims to improve the health of the entire population by using societal methods. It is not simply a medical issue, and building a strong public health system requires broad participation from various sections of society.

scholarly journals Non-classical effects of sildenafil in clinical medicine: an interdisciplinary approach

2019 ◽  
pp. 192-202
Author(s):  
I. A. Tyuzikov ◽  
A. V. Smirnov ◽  
L. V. Smirnova ◽  
I. V. Lesnikova
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Pharmacological Action ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitor ◽  
Phosphodiesterase Type

Based on the results of modern clinical and experimental studies, the review article discusses issues of pharmacotherapeutic feasibility, pathogenetic validity and safety of the first and most studied phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor – sildenafil – in general clinical practice according to «non-classical» (non-erectogenic) indications in the framework of an interdisciplinary approach modern medicine. As it is known, at present, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors are both the «first line» therapy for treating erectile dysfunction (as monotherapy), as well as an effective option for monotherapy or combined pharmacotherapy of lower urinary tract symptoms on the background of benign prostatic hyperplasia in men with erectile dysfunction. However, given the universality and fundamentality of the mechanisms of their pharmacological action (first of all, the effect on the metabolism of one of the key vasomodulators of the vascular bed, nitric oxide NO), the list of potential and promising indications for prescribing these drugs is constantly expanding due to the presence of various «non-classical» (non-erectogenic) effects, which makes them very attractive for wider application not only in urological practice, but also in other medical specialties. The article describes in more detail and purposefully the accumulated to date scientific and practical data on the effectiveness of the use and potential mechanisms of action of sildenafil in cardiology, endocrinology, neurology, nephrology, obstetrics and gynecology, andrological reproductology and oncology, and also presents the results of studies confirming its safety in the treatment of relevant specialized diseases.

scholarly journals PERSPECTIVE APPROACH TO PSYCHO-SOMATIC DISORDERS IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH CERTAIN MEDICINAL PLANTS IN COVID PANDEMIC

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Debashree Priyadarshini ◽  
Binodini Tripathy ◽  
Gopal C Nanda
Keyword(s):  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Morbid Condition ◽  
Physical Treatment ◽  
Present Trend ◽  
Somatic Disorders ◽  
Psychosomatic Problems

Psychosomatic disorders have now become a common disease in present global scenario due to Covid pandemic. People are always in panic due to morbidity of the disease whereas the livelihood has become a secondary morbid condition due to economic slowdown. Under the above global scenario almost every person is undergoing certain psychosomatic problems either one or both of the factors.  Apart from this, the present trend of competitive and conservative life-style has made young and old person to panic mental situations. The egoistic attitude of the human being and his inability to compromise his desire/demands tends to imbalance of temperament resulting into essential hypertension, insomnia, irritability etc. Ultimately such person becomes addicted to anxiolytic, anti-depressant and tranquilising drugs of modern medicine. Psychiatric disorders are commonly encountered by clinical medicine and the management includes psychotherapy, behavioural therapy, physical treatment with antipsychotic drugs, but the post management leads to addiction or drug dependence along with morbid withdrawal symptoms in patients. In view of problems of dependence specific approach of Ayurvedic concept like Satwavajaya and Daivavyapasraya have provided the light of protection but the practices are still limited due to orthodox beliefs. Some psychotropic drugs like Medhyarasayana etc. in single and compound form are described in classical texts for the management of different mental disorders. The use of herbs to offset these antecedents and outcome has greatly increased in recent years. Not only it is helpful for psychosomatic issues rather it would be helpful at least in such Covid pandemic as because the anti-psychotic drugs are scarce in market due to heavy personal demands. Ayurvedic approach can also create a trend of revitalising herbal preparations keeping behind the hazardous post drug complication. It is an attempt for mainstreaming the Ayurveda in present scenario.

scholarly journals Medical thermography: capabilities and perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Morozov ◽  
E M Mokhov ◽  
V A Kadykov ◽  
A V Panova
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Physical Principles

Medical thermography is a modern diagnostic method that is currently gaining popularity due to high informative value and non-invasiveness. The aim of the study was to review the capabilities and prospects of medical thermography in modern medicine. The analysis of domestic and foreign literature on the application of medical thermography methods for the period of 2012-2017 was performed. The article presents the capabilities of imaging in various fields of medicine, evaluates the prospects of further development of the method, advances and disadvantages of thermography were identified. It also provides the review of the application of medical infrared thermography in clinical medicine. The experience of thermography application in various medical fields was investigated: angiology, otolaryngology, surgery, neurology, obstetrics and gyenecology, etc. Apart from medical aspects of this topic, the article discusses the history of medical thermography as well as provides the physical principles of this method. At present, thermal imaging can solve a wide range of problems: determining the presence of changes in the human body, and, as a result, the probability of pathology development, monitoring the effectiveness of treatment and rehabilitation. Every year more and more studies are carried out, confirming the high efficiency, reliability and safety of thermography, thermographic screenings are suggested, that can be assumed as prediction of future method's popularity.

The role of nurses in traditional–modern medicine conflict

2018 ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
Nevin Gunaydin ◽  
Funda Ozpulat
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Scientific Validity ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
Almost All

In almost all societies around the world, traditional medicine applications are being resorted to for diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. As modern medical methods encounter difficulty in reaching the public and being expensive, traditional medicine methods are preferred to modern medical methods andti can be used more frequently in rural areas. Traditional methods can also be used for a variety of reasons although its scientific validity is discussed. There is a constant conflict between modern medicine and traditional medicine and they often coexist in spite of the fact that modern medicine usually does not approve traditional medicine. The nurse enhances the quality of care by taking into account the cultural characteristics of the individual and broadens the perspective of the nursing. It is the right approach for nurses to avoid conflict with the individual they care for in cultural practices, act together and guide them to develop a healthier lifestyle.Keywords: Traditional medicine, modern medicine, nurse

scholarly journals Mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells in spinal cord injury repair through macrophage polarization

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan An ◽  
Jiaxu Yang ◽  
Hequn Wang ◽  
Shengfeng Sun ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Macrophage Polarization ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Cord Injury

AbstractTreatment and rehabilitation of spinal cord injury (SCI) is a major problem in clinical medicine. Modern medicine has achieved minimal progress in improving the functions of injured nerves in patients with SCI, mainly due to the complex pathophysiological changes that present after injury. Inflammatory reactions occurring after SCI are related to various functions of immune cells over time at different injury sites. Macrophages are important mediators of inflammatory reactions and are divided into two different subtypes (M1 and M2), which play important roles at different times after SCI. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are characterized by multi-differentiation and immunoregulatory potentials, and different treatments can have different effects on macrophage polarization. MSC transplantation has become a promising method for eliminating nerve injury caused by SCI and can help repair injured nerve tissues. Therapeutic effects are related to the induced formation of specific immune microenvironments, caused by influencing macrophage polarization, controlling the consequences of secondary injury after SCI, and assisting with function recovery. Herein, we review the mechanisms whereby MSCs affect macrophage-induced specific immune microenvironments, and discuss potential avenues of investigation for improving SCI treatment.

scholarly journals On the significance of hyperlactatemia in the implementation of the infarct-limiting effect of remote ischemic postconditioning in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in the experiment

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-340
Author(s):  
S. N. Chepelev ◽  
F. I. Vismont ◽  
S. V. Goubkin
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Ischemic Postconditioning ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Remote Ischemic Postconditioning ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion

Modern medicine faces the problem of the growth of cardiovascular pathology. Given the high medical and social significance of the problem of treating patients with coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarction, the search for new effective methods to prevent or weaken ischemic myocardial damage and mechanisms for their implementation is an urgent task of modern experimental and clinical medicine. The aim of the study was to determine the significance of hyperlactatemia in the realization of the infarct-limiting effect of remote ischemic postconditioning (RIPostC) in rat myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in the experiment. The study revealed that after 15-minute RIPostC, which was performed 10 minutes after 30-minute acute myocardial ischemia followed by 120-minute reperfusion, the plasma lactate level in rats increased 1.87 times (87.7 %, p < 0.05) compared with intact animals. It was established that the introduction of L-lactate into the left common jugular vein at a dose of 10 μg/kg, which was carried out 25 minutes after the onset of reperfusion under the conditions of myocardial ischemia (30 minutes) and next reperfusion (120 minutes) and RIPostC (10 minutes after the onset of reperfusion), which was reproduced by ischemia of these limbs, have a heart attack-limiting effect. The increase of the level of blood lactate (hyperlactatemia) after RIPostC in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion is of significance in the implementation of its infarct-limiting effect.

scholarly journals Plasmid Mediated mcr-1.1 Colistin-Resistance in Clinical Extraintestinal Escherichia coli Strains Isolated in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Majewski ◽  
Anna Gutowska ◽  
David G. E. Smith ◽  
Tomasz Hauschild ◽  
Paulina Majewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli

Objectives: The growing incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is an inexorable and fatal challenge in modern medicine. Colistin is a cationic polypeptide considered a “last-resort” antimicrobial for treating infections caused by MDR Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Plasmid-borne mcr colistin resistance emerged recently, and could potentially lead to essentially untreatable infections, particularly in hospital and veterinary (livestock farming) settings. In this study, we sought to establish the molecular basis of colistin-resistance in six extraintestinal Escherichia coli strains.Methods: Molecular investigation of colistin-resistance was performed in six extraintestinal E. coli strains isolated from patients hospitalized in Medical University Hospital, Bialystok, Poland. Complete structures of bacterial chromosomes and plasmids were recovered with use of both short- and long-read sequencing technologies and Unicycler hybrid assembly. Moreover, an electrotransformation assay was performed in order to confirm IncX4 plasmid influence on colistin-resistance phenotype in clinical E. coli strains.Results: Here we report on the emergence of six mcr-1.1-producing extraintestinal E. coli isolates with a number of virulence factors. Mobile pEtN transferase-encoding gene, mcr-1.1, has been proved to be encoded within a type IV secretion system (T4SS)-containing 33.3 kbp IncX4 plasmid pMUB-MCR, next to the PAP2-like membrane-associated lipid phosphatase gene.Conclusion: IncX4 mcr-containing plasmids are reported as increasingly disseminated among E. coli isolates, making it an “epidemic” plasmid, responsible for (i) dissemination of colistin-resistance determinants between different E. coli clones, and (ii) circulation between environmental, industrial, and clinical settings. Great effort needs to be taken to avoid further dissemination of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance among clinically relevant Gram-negative bacterial pathogens.

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