scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF ALCOHOL USE BY POPULATION AND RELATED PROBLEMS

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
V. B. Zamkevich ◽  
M. D. Diachuk ◽  
T. S. Gruzieva
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Information System ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences

Introduction. The development of the public health system provides for the solution of the basic operational functions of public health, including surveillance and assessment of the state of health and well-being of the population, taking into account risks to public health.Given the importance of alcohol as a risk factor for the development of diseases, the study of its prevalence in the population, consumption patterns and health effects is an important public health problem. The aim of the study. To identify current trends in alcohol consumption and the associated risk factor for health damage in Ukraine and countries of the WHO European Region.Materials and methods. Bibliographic, medical, statistical and information-analytical methods were used in the study. The key  scientific base were the European Health for All Database, the Global Information System on Alcohol and Health (GISAH) and the European Information System on Alcohol and Health (EISAH). Results. Significant differences were found in the prevalence of alcohol consumption by population in different regions of the world per capita per year, up to 16 times, with the highest rates in the WHO ER. Ukraine is characterized by high levels of alcohol consumption (8.6 liters) and negative tendencies for their growth during 1991-2016 by 45.8%. At the same time, in Ukraine the consumption of strong alcoholic drinks predominates, while in the countries of the European Union - wine and beer. The increase in alcohol consumption in Ukraine and the prevalence of strong drinks in the structure of consumed products (51.5%) is an unfavorable prognostic indicator and requires the adoption of preventive measures. The negative consequences of alcohol consumption are the prevalence of alcohol dependence (2.2%), alcohol-related disorders (6%), a significant proportion of deaths (20.5%) due to this risk factor in the overall structure of all deaths, etc. Significant is the contribution of alcohol to the formation of indicators of road traffic injuries, including those with a fatal outcome, crime rates, etc. Conclusions. Surveillance of the prevalence of alcohol use, patterns of consumption and assessment of alcohol-related public health problems is an important basis for determining directions, justification and taking countermeasures.

P2648Uncontrolled hypertension is common among patients with implanted pacemaker

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Sharma ◽  
M Tasgaonkar ◽  
A Abeyratne
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
One Year ◽  
Implanted Pacemaker ◽  
Time Point

Abstract Background Given the significance of hypertension (HTN) as a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, stroke, HF, and mortality, uncontrolled HTN remains a large public health problem. Pacemaker patients are well trapped in the healthcare system, and hence are expected to have a lower rate of uncontrolled HTN than general HTN patient population. However, incidence of uncontrolled HTN in pacemaker patients is not well characterized. Purpose We sought to characterize the prevalence of uncontrolled HTN in pacemaker patients using real-world EHR data. Methods Patients who received an implanted pacemaker were identified from a large EHR de-identified database of a cohort of patients with or at risk of cardiovascular disease from 01/2007 to 03/2017. The data were queried to determine prevalence of uncontrolled HTN. Results From a total of 11,472,727 patients in the EHR dataset, a total of 140,701 (1.23%) had implanted pacemaker with implant date available. Of these 72,846 (51.8%) had systolic blood pressure (SBP) available within 60 days of device implant. Depending on SBP cut-off, the proportion of patients with uncontrolled HTN ranged from 32.9% (SBP>140 mmHg) to 11.5% (SBP>160 mmHg) at the time of implant. A subset (11,676, 16%) had SBP available at implant and one-year post-implant. At one year time point uncontrolled HTN in these patients ranged from 20.8% (SBP>140 mmHg) to 2.4% (SBP>160 mmHg) (Figure). Conclusion A significant proportion of pacemaker patients have uncontrolled HTN at the time of implant. While there is a decline in this proportion at one year, substantial proportion of pacemaker patients remain with uncontrolled HTN. In addition to better guideline directed medical therapy, there may be an opportunity for better monitoring and alternative therapeutic strategies in these patients. Acknowledgement/Funding Medtronic Inc.

scholarly journals Alcohol Consumption by Older New York City Residents: The Need for New Policies to Address Misuse

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-454
Author(s):  
Daniel Weisz ◽  
Michael Kelley Gusmano
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
York City ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Local Public Health ◽  
New Public Health

Abstract Aims The aim of this study is to assess risk factors for alcohol misuse among older New York City residents and examine the effect of local public health efforts to address alcohol misuse. Methods The Community Health Survey, a cross-sectional telephone survey of 8500 randomly selected adult New Yorkers, records the frequency of alcohol use. We examine these results among 65 and older subjects by sociodemographic status using logistic regression modeling and compare trends in smoking and alcohol consumption between 2002 and 2016. Results Those with unhealthy drinking habits, combining binge drinking and excessive consumption, constituted 5.7% of 65 plus population and were more likely to be White, US born, healthy, better educated and wealthier. The percentage of older smokers in New York City has decreased while unhealthy drinking is nearly flat since 2002. Conclusions Our findings reinforce the importance of screening geriatric populations for alcohol use disorders and support the development of new public health efforts to address alcohol misuse if the city is to achieve results similar to those obtained in decreasing tobacco consumption.

Infecundity and Infertility

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Thoma ◽  
Carie Cox ◽  
Jasmine Fledderjohann ◽  
Rudolph Kantum Adageba
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Global Epidemiology

This is an advance summary of a forthcoming article in the Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Global Public Health. Please check back later for the full article. Infertility remains a neglected area in sexual and reproductive health, yet its consequences are staggering. Infertility is estimated to impact about 15% (estimates range from 48 million to 180 million) of couples of reproductive age worldwide. It is associated with adverse physical and mental health outcomes, financial distress, severe social stigma, increased risk of domestic abuse, and marital instability. While men and women are equally likely to be infertile, women often bear the societal burden of infertility, particularly in societies where a woman’s identity and social value is closely tied to her ability to bear children. Despite these consequences, disparities in access to infertility treatment between low- and high-income populations persist, given the high cost and limited geographic availability of diagnostic services and assisted reproductive technologies. In addition, a significant proportion of infertility arises from preventable factors, such as smoking, sexually transmitted infections, pregnancy-related infection or unsafe abortion, and environmental contaminants. Accordingly, programs that address the equitable prevention and treatment of infertility are not only in keeping with a reproductive rights perspective, but can also improve public health. However, progress on infertility as a global concern in the field of sexual and reproductive health and rights is stymied by challenges in understanding the global epidemiology of infertility, including its causes and determinants, barriers to accessing quality infertility care, and a lack of political will and attention to this issue. Tracking and measurement of infertility is highly complex, resulting in considerable ambiguity about its prevalence and stratification of reproduction globally. A renewed global focus on infertility epidemiology, risk factors, and access to and receipt of quality of care will support individuals in trying to reach their desired number and spacing of children and improve overall health and well-being.

scholarly journals Local radio to promote mental health awareness: a public health initiative

BJPsych Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen A. Cocksedge ◽  
Joshana Guliani ◽  
William Henley ◽  
Tamsyn Anderson ◽  
Sara Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Awareness ◽  
Mental Health Awareness ◽  
Local Radio

Background Public health strategies have focused largely on physical health. However, there is increasing recognition that raising mental health awareness and tackling stigma is crucial to reduce disease burden. National campaigns have had some success but tackling issues locally is particularly important. Aims To assess the public's awareness and perception of the monthly BBC Cornwall mental health phone-in programmes that have run for 8.5 years in Cornwall, UK (population 530 000). Method A consultation, review and feedback process involving a multiagency forum of mental and public health professionals, people with lived experience and local National Health Service trust's media team was used to develop a brief questionnaire. This was offered to all attendees at two local pharmacies covering populations of 27 000 over a 2-week period. Results In total, 14% (95% CI 11.9–16.5) were aware of the radio show, 11% (95% CI 9.0–13.1) have listened and the majority (76%) of those who listened did so more than once. The estimated reach is 70 000 people in the local population, of whom approximately 60 000 listen regularly. The show is highly valued among respondents with modal and median scores of 4 out of 5. Conclusions Local radio is a successful, cost-effective and impactful way to reach a significant proportion of the population and likely to raise awareness, reduce stigma and be well received. The format has been adopted in other regions thus demonstrating easy transferability. It could form an essential part of a public health strategy to improve a population's mental well-being. Declaration of interest W.H. received support from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) for the South West Peninsula UK. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health. L.R. and D.S. were involved in delivering the programmes but had no role in their evaluation.

scholarly journals The Impact of Edentulism on Oral and General Health

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Emami ◽  
Raphael Freitas de Souza ◽  
Marla Kabawat ◽  
Jocelyne S. Feine
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
General Health ◽  
Chronic Condition ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Preventive Dentistry ◽  
Disease Indicators ◽  
The Impact

An adequate dentition is of importance for well-being and life quality. Despite advances in preventive dentistry, edentulism is still a major public health problem worldwide. In this narrative review, we provide a perspective on the pathways that link oral to general health. A better understanding of disease indicators is necessary for establishing a solid strategy through an organized oral health care system to prevent and treat this morbid chronic condition.

Secondhand Noise and Stress

AAOHN Journal ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 436-436
Author(s):  
Olga S. Tompkins
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
Being There ◽  
Health And Well Being

Noise pollution can cause nonauditory effects on general health and well-being. There is growing awareness that secondhand noise is an important public health problem that is similar in scope to secondhand smoke.

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko Lingkungan dengan Kejadian ISPA pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Ingin Jaya Kabupaten Aceh Besar

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Sofia Sofia
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Center

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is still one public health problem that is important to note, because it is an acute illness and can even cause death in infants in developing countries, including Indonesia. In general, there are three the risk factors of ARI namely environmental factors, individual factors of children, and behavioral factors. The aim of research to find out the environmental risk factors with the incidence of  ARI  in Toddlers in Public Health Center of Ingin Jaya, Aceh Besar district. This type of research is an analytic survey with cross-sectional study approach. The sample size is calculated using the formula Lemeshow of 100 respondents, samples were taken randomly. Data analysis using Chi-Square test. The results showed that the level of humidity in the home (p= 0,039), smoking habits of family members in the home (p= 0,001), and the habit of using mosquito coils in the home (p= 0,003) as a risk factor for ISPA to children in Region Public Health Center of Ingin Jaya, Aceh Besar district. Conclusion, risk factor of ARI in the toddler that is a smoking habit, usage habit of mosquito coil and air humidity. Suggestions, the public in order to maintain air quality in the home environment to avoid various transmission of infectious diseases.Keywords: Air humidity, habits, environment, ARIPenyakit Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang penting untuk diperhatikan, karena merupakan penyakit akut dan bahkan dapat menyebabkan kematian pada balita di berbagai negara berkembang termasuk  Indonesia. Secara umum ada 3 (tiga) faktor risiko terjadinya ISPA yaitu faktor lingkungan, faktor individu anak, serta faktor perilaku. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor risiko lingkungan dengan kejadian ISPA pada Balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ingin Jaya Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Jenis penelitian adalah survey analitik dengan pendekatan Crossectional study. Besarnya sampel dihitung dengan menggunakan rumus lameshow yaitu 100 responden, sampel diambil secara acak sederhana. Analisa data dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kelembaban udara dalam rumah (p=0,039), kebiasaan merokok anggota keluarga dalam rumah (p=0,001), dan kebiasaan menggunakan obat nyamuk bakar di dalam rumah (p=0,003) sebagai faktor risiko kejadian ISPA pada Balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ingin Jaya Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Kesimpulan, faktor risiko ISPA pada balita yaitu kebiasaan merokok, kebiasaan penggunaan obat nyamuk bakar dan kelembaban udara. Saran, masyarakat agar dapat menjaga kualitas udara dilingkungan rumah agar terhindar dari berbagai penularan penyakit infeksi. Kata kunci: Kelembaban udara, kebiasaan, lingkungan, ISPA

scholarly journals Clostridium perfringens in foods and fish

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. J. Cortés-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Gastrointestinal System ◽  
Foodborne Diseases ◽  
General Description ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Foodborne diseases are considered an important public health problem at a global level due to their levels of incidence and mortality as well as their negative consequences in economic and social aspects. Foodborne diseases are defined as those that are generated by the ingestion of food and water contaminated by chemical or biological agents commonly affecting health at the level of the gastrointestinal system. Among the risks and dangers to health from food are the diseases caused by Clostridium perfringens, a common bacterium which inhabits water, soil, vegetables, fish, the gastrointestinal system of human and animals and of course foods. The importance of this bacterium in health and food lies both in its cosmopolitan distribution, ability to generate heat-resistant spores and food poisoning, which makes control and prevention actions indispensable along the food chain. This article presents a general description of foodborne diseases, including those caused by consumption of food, such as fish, derived from contamination by C. perfringens; likewise, the actions and recommendations undertaken around the world for the prevention and control of these diseases are shown, including aspects related to the antimicrobial resistance phenomenon and its impact on public health.

scholarly journals Estudio sobre el consumo de riesgo y perjudicial del alcohol en alumnos de la UT del Norte de Aguascalientes

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Paula Carmina Del Valle-Ávila ◽  
Juan Carlos García-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Young People ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Scholastic Performance ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
The University ◽  
Technological University

This article presents a study about the risk and harmful consumption of alcohol in young people of the Technological University of North Aguascalientes, whose objective is to make a situational diagnosis about the habits of alcohol consumption, as well as their level of risk, harmful consumption and possible dependence in said population, for this purpose the Identification Test of Alcohol Consumption Disorders (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, AUDIT) was used as an instrument, which was applied digitally in 756 students of second semester in 14 educational programs of the Higher University Technical level, in this way the type of alcohol consumption was identified, which will allow the University to implement actions to raise awareness and awareness of the negative consequences of its consumption in the different areas of his life as the academic is, manifested through the low scholastic performance, lag and / or desertion, as well as in the personal, social and family area.

scholarly journals Prevalence and correlates of alcohol consumption in Northeast states, India (evidence from district levels household survey: 2012-13)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeetendra Yadav ◽  
Subhash Gautam ◽  
Kh Jitenkumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Educated Person ◽  
Harmful Effects

Background: Despite the increased awareness of adverse effects of alcohol consumption, India is a one of the countries with high prevalence of alcohol use. The third round of National Family Health Survey (2005-06) estimated that 32% men consume alcohol. Evidence suggests the magnitude of alcohol use is likely to be higher among Northeast who residing in adverse geographical settings.  The objective of the study was to analyzed prevalence and determinants of alcohol use in Northeast states, India.Methods: The study using data from the fourth round of District Level Household Survey (2012-13). The outcome variables included in the study was alcohol consumption. The study used bivariate and multivariate to determine the prevalence, differentials and determinants of alcohol consumption.Results: The result shows that alcohol consumption was significantly high among the young age group of 25-34 years. The prevalence of alcohol consumption was high among male as compared to female and alcohol consumption is slightly low among more educated person. Alcohol consumption was high in Meghalaya and Mizoram as compared to other Northeast states.Conclusions: We conclude by this study that, the prevalence of alcohol consumption in Northeast was very high and alarming. There are really an important health concerns and they need to be counselled about the ill effect of alcohol consumption. Establishment of de-addiction centers or strong referral to de-addiction centers among those consuming alcohol is a might be a novel step for well-being of Northeast people. Government specially, Doctors and media should play their roles and spread information regarding harmful effects of alcohol consumption.

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