scholarly journals Fe2O3 Magnetic Nanoparticles and Curcumin Improved Sperm Parameters in Rats with Scrotal Hyperthermia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 2014
Author(s):  
Maryam Mollaei ◽  
Mehrdad Hashemi ◽  
Elham Siasi ◽  
Sayeh Jafari Marandi ◽  
Malihe Entezari
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Concomitant Administration ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Fe2o3 Nanoparticles ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Positive Effect

Background: Testicular function depends on temperature, and it has been shown that scrotal hyperthermia causes a sharp decrease in sperm parameters due to oxidative stress. In recent years, the use of natural materials from the plant and nanoparticles has attracted much attention. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of curcumin and Fe2O3 nanoparticles on sperm parameters in rats. Materials and Methods: After preparing the rats, they were placed in a hot water bath at 43°C for 30 minutes for six consecutive days. The 48 rats were then divided into eight groups. A concentration of 0.03 mg/kg body weight magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles and curcumin at the concentration of 0.02 mg/kg body weight were used. After killing animals, the semen parameters such as viability, concentration, motility, and morphology of sperm were studied. Results: Significant differences were observed in all groups of rats in terms of semen parameters (P<0.001). The results showed a positive effect of curcumin on improving semen parameters in scrotal hyperthermia rats and a negative and toxic effect of Fe2O3 magnetic nanoparticles. However, significant improvement in sperm parameters was observed when Fe2O3 magnetic nanoparticles were given to rats along with curcumin. Conclusion: Curcumin has a positive and significant effect on improving sperm parameters in scrotal hyperthermia conditions. Fe2O3 magnetic nanoparticles, if co-administered with curcumin, can significantly improve sperm parameters. In this regard, green synthesis of nanoparticles and concomitant administration of antioxidants such as curcumin in scrotal hyperthermia conditions is recommended. [GMJ.2021;10:e2014]

scholarly journals Curcumin Along With Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Improved Sperm Parameters In Rats With Testicular Ischemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. e2034
Author(s):  
Shabnam Zarei Moradi ◽  
Seyed Abdolhamid Angaji ◽  
Mitra Salehi ◽  
Mehrdad Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
Fe3o4 Nanoparticles ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Concomitant Administration ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fe3o4 Nps ◽  
Testicular Ischemia

Background: Ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) in testicular tissue is one reason for the worldwide increase in male infertility. In the present study, we assessed the effects of curcumin and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) on sperm parameters in rats with I/R damage. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight adult male rats were divided into two groups (n=24 per group): control and torsion/detorsion. The control and torsion/detorsion groups were divided into four subgroups include sham, Fe3O4 NPs, curcumin, and Fe3O4 NPs+curcumin. After the rats were sacrificed, semen was collected from their epididymal tissues to assess sperm viability, motility, concentration, and morphology. Results: Curcumin significantly improved viability, motility, and normal sperm morphology in rats with I/R damage compared to the control group; however, it did not have a significant effect on sperm concentration (P<0.001). Fe3O4 NPs alone decreased all sperm parameters in the control and I/R rats (P<0.001). However, concomitant administration of Fe3O4 nanoparticles with curcumin significantly improved sperm parameters in rats with I/R damage (P<0.001). Conclusion: The increase in all semen parameters in the experimental groups with concomitant use of Fe3O4 NPs plus curcumin indicated that green synthesis of NPs could be recommended for future clinical studies.

scholarly journals You are what you eat: relative importance of diet, gut microbiota and nestmates for honey bee, Apis mellifera, worker health

Apidologie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina Retschnig ◽  
Johannes Rich ◽  
Karl Crailsheim ◽  
Judith Pfister ◽  
Vincent Perreten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Short Exposure ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Worker Health ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractIn eusocial honey bees, Apis mellifera, diet, gut microbiota and nestmates can all contribute to the health of freshly emerged individual workers, but their relative importance for longevity and body weight is currently unknown. Here, we show that diet is most relevant, followed by gut microbiota and the presence of nestmates. Freshly emerged workers were randomly assigned to eight treatments (with or without honey/pollen, protein-substitute lactalbumin, antibiotic tetracycline and nestmates for 24 h) and maintained under standardised laboratory conditions. Longevity and food consumption were measured daily and fresh body weight was assessed at day 7. The data show a significantly better survival and a higher body weight in workers supplied with honey/pollen. Survival was higher in the lactalbumin treatments compared to the ones restricted to sucrose only, but lower compared to those with honey/pollen, highlighting the importance of micronutrients. In contrast, antibiotic treatment had a significant negative effect on longevity and body weight, which may be explained by inactivated gut microbiota and/or toxicity of the antibiotics. There was no positive effect of nestmates, probably due to the short exposure period. In contrast, nestmates showed a negative effect on survival in antibiotic-treated workers, possibly by transmitting pathogens and antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis. In conclusion, a macro- and micronutrient-rich diet appears to be the key to individual honey bee worker health. Providing an optimal diet and possibly gut microbiota appears to be a promising way to promote managed A. mellifera health.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Oral Nutritional Supplements on Older People with Anorexia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 835
Author(s):  
Mengqi Li ◽  
Si Zhao ◽  
Shuang Wu ◽  
Xiufen Yang ◽  
Hui Feng
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Older People ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Oral Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Positive Effect

Background: Nutrition plays an important role in maintaining the overall health of older people. Inadequate intake may lead to impaired body function, higher morbidity, and mortality. Oral nutritional supplements (ONS) showed positive effect on the nutritional status of the elderly; however, systematic evidence is currently lacking on the effect of ONS on the elderly with anorexia. Aims: The current systematic review and meta-analysis included randomized controlled trial (RCT) articles to investigate the effectiveness of ONS on the main aspects of anorexia of aging (AA). Methods: By using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method, researchers independently searched PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and other gray literature resources for publications that met the inclusion criteria by October 2020. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tools were used for quality assessment. The inverse-variance method was used for the fixed model (FM) while the DerSimonian–Laird method was used for the random model (RM). Respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD) was used for indices in terms of effect size (ES). Results: 2497 records were found through the systematic search, while 17 RCTs (n = 1204) were included, with a mean age of 81.9 years (range: 74–87 years). Supplementation occurred in the morning, mid-day, and evening, while the times varied from one to three times a day. The results of meta-analysis showed that, generally, ONS had a positive effect on the overall appetite, MD = 0.18, 95% CI (0.03, 0.33), p = 0.02, and consumption, MD = 1.43, 95% CI (0.01, 2.86), p = 0.05; but not significant in terms of other aspects of appetite: hunger, p = 0.73; fullness, p = 0.60; desire to eat, p = 0.80; preoccupation, p = 0.15. Additionally, it showed an increase in the overall energy intake, SMD = 0.46, 95% CI (0.29, 0.63), p < 0.001, in protein intake, SMD = 0.59, 95% CI (0.16, 1.02), p = 0.007, and in fat intake, MD = 3.47, 95% CI (1.98, 4.97), p < 0.001, while no positive effect was found on carbohydrates intake, p = 0.06. Significance differences were also found in the body weight, SMD = 0.53, 95% CI (0.41, 0.65), p < 0.001, and body mass index (BMI), MD = 0.53, 95% CI (0.12, 0.95), p = 0.01. Moreover, subgroup analyses were conducted according to the nutrient density with no positive results showed except for the low-density ONS on overall energy intake. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicated that ONS had beneficial effects on overall appetite, energy intake, body weight and BMI.

scholarly journals Effective Control of Postprandial Glucose Level through Inhibition of Intestinal Alpha Glucosidase byCymbopogon martinii(Roxb.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varsha Ghadyale ◽  
Shrihari Takalikar ◽  
Vivek Haldavnekar ◽  
Akalpita Arvindekar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase ◽  
Postprandial Glucose Level

Inhibition of intestinal alpha glucosidase plays a major role in preventing rise in postprandial glucose level in diabetics.Cymbopogon martinii(CM) (family Poaceae) is used in traditional Indian medicine in treatment of diabetes mellitus. The alpha glucosidase inhibitory action of the plant is studied. The active component was separated using hot water extraction of the whole plant powder, differential solvent extraction, and silica gel column chromatography. The 30 : 70 toluene : ethyl acetate fraction showed optimum activity. The silica gel chromatography fraction demonstrated 98, 98, and 68% inhibition for starch, maltose, and sucrose, respectively, at 5 mg/kg body weight of rats. Intestinal absorption studies using noneverted intestinal sacs, as well as in vivo studies in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats using oral glucose tolerance with maltose and sucrose load, revealed better inhibition of alpha glucosidase as compared to acarbose. Kinetic studies using Lineweaver Burk plot showed mixed to noncompetitive type of inhibition by CM. In vivo studies with maltose load of 2 mg and 3 mg/gm body weight showed a noncompetitive pattern of inhibition at 5 mg/kg body weight of CM as against 60 mg/kg body weight of acarbose. Thus CM is more effective alpha glucosidase inhibitor and at lower concentration than acarbose.

scholarly journals ФІЗІОЛОГІЧНІ ПОКАЗНИКИ КУРЧАТ-БРОЙЛЕРІВ ПІСЛЯ ВНУТРІШНЬОГО ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ МІНЕРАЛЬНОГО КОМПЛЕКСУ MG++ В УМОВАХ ГОСПОДАРСТВА

2017 ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
В. П. Бердник ◽  
О. О. Бублик ◽  
Т. М. Марченко ◽  
В. І. Щербак ◽  
О. Г. Трирог
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The Body ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group

Наведені результати випробування на 537 курчатах-бройлерах (635 контрольних) в умовах господарства препарату, виготовленого на основі розчину  полтавського бішофіту. У  курчат, яким давали препарат внутрішньо з водою,  порівняно з контролем, була більшою середня жива масса тіла у  43-добовому віці на 50 г, 73-добовому  – на 128 г і 111-добовому – на  103 г. До 43-добового віку загинуло із розрахунку від  початкової загальної кількості 16 (2,9 %) курчат-бройлерів  у дослідній групі і 30 (4,72 %) у контрольній. На контрольних  курчатах-бройлерах, порівняно із дослідними, мали економію на препараті, який не застосовували, і меншій кількості  використаних  кормів, але одержано значно більше збитків   через нижчі прирости живої маси тіла та більшу кількість загиблих. Економічна  вигода  від застосування препарату лише  до 43-добового віку курчат становить 5,8 гривень на  вкладену 1 гривню. Given results of test on 537 chickens-broilers (635 of control) in terms of economy drug produced on the basis of the solution of Poltava bishofit (SPB). Drug was given chickens-broilers of 5-day age group method internally with water in 3 cycles of 24-hour intervals over 7 times in each cycle and 7-day interval between cycles. The chicks, which were given the drug, compared with the control, had a greater average live weight of the body in 43-day age of 50 g, 73-day – 128 g and 111-day – 103 g it shows its positive effect on organisms of chicks up to 2,5 months (time of observations) after the last application in 38-th days of their lives. The drugs based on the SPB will have greater efficiency in the application of the repair chicks and adult hens, i.e. those who live more than 2,5 months. The 43-day age 16 broiler died of the calculation of the initial total number (2,9 %) in experimental group and 30 (4,72 %) in the control. On control broilers, compared with research, savings on the drug, which is not used, and smaller amounts of used feed, but we received much more losses due to lower increases in live body weight and more fatalities. The total value of the economic benefits of the drug only to 43-day age of chicks is 5,8 UAH on each invested 1 UAH.

Toxic Effects of Aluminium on Female Reproductive System in Presence of Ethanol Coexposure

2021 ◽  
pp. 3809-3815
Author(s):  
Buddhadeb Ghosh ◽  
Ravi Kant Sharma ◽  
Suman Yadav ◽  
Ankita Randev
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Concomitant Administration ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Combined Administration ◽  
Increasing Trends

Both aluminium and ethanol are pro-oxidants and toxic. Uncontrolled use of aluminium and increasing trends of ethanol consumption in India increased the chance of coexposure to aluminium and ethanol. There are possibilities, that both of them follow common mechanisms to produce reproductive toxicity. The present study was planned to identify the effects of aluminium administration on the microscopic structure of ovary and to clarify any possible protection conferred by the concomitant administration of ethanol. Sixteen female rats divided into one control and three experimental groups exposed to aluminium (4.2mg/kg body weight) and ethanol (1gm/kg body weight) for 3 months. After the exposure period, ovaries were processed for light microscopic examination. Ovary showed significant atretic follicles with degenerated ova and vacuolation. Rupture of zona pellucida in oocyte seen in aluminium treated animals. Ethanol treated group showing absence of growing follicles, increased large corpora lutea. Dilated and congested vessels were observed in the growing follicle. The effects of combined administration of aluminium and ethanol treated groups showed with acute degeneration of growing follicles, with desquamation of pyknotic granulosa cells and degenerated oocyte. Multiple vacuoles of degenerated granulosa cells with dilated congested vessels and edema seen. Hyaline material seen inside the degenerating follicles. It has been suggested that the ethanol induced augmentation of impacts of aluminium on the Ovary.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary glutamine, glucose and/or sodium butyrate on piglet growth, intestinal environment, subsequent fattener performance, and meat quality 

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 460-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hanczakowska ◽  
B. Niwińska ◽  
E.R. Grela ◽  
K. Węglarzy ◽  
K. Okoń
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Sodium Butyrate ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Standard Mixture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
After Effect ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Intestinal Weight

The effect of feed supplementing with glutamine, glucose and/or sodium butyrate was estimated on 156 piglets. The after-effect of supplements on fattener performance, carcass traits, and meat quality was examined. Piglets were allocated to 5 groups and fed standard feed mixture alone (control &ndash; C) or supplemented with 10 g of l-glutamine, or 10 g of glucose, or 3 g of sodium butyrate per kg of diet or all of these compounds (groups GT, GC, SB, and GT+GC+SB, respectively). Six piglets from each group were slaughtered at 63 days of age, their intestines were prepared and their parts measured. Digesta from ileum and caecum was taken for analysis. Its acidity and volatile fatty acids content were evaluated. Morphological structure of duodenal and ileal epithelium was estimated. After 84 days of age 20 animals from each group were fed the standard mixture. After 100 days of fattening 8 pigs from each group were slaughtered, pH of meat was measured, and samples of the longissimus muscle were taken for analysis. Body weight gains of piglets fed diets supplemented with SB or all supplements were higher than those of controls. All supplements given together increased total intestinal weight and length. Epithelial villi in jejunum were the highest in piglets receiving all supplements. Their height in the duodenum ranged from 296 to 347 &micro;m and in the jejunum they were higher: 336 &ndash; 424&nbsp;&mu;m. After 100 days of fattening body weight of all experimental animals was higher than that of control. There was no significant difference in carcass and meat quality. Sodium butyrate added to the diet improved piglet performance probably due to changes in intestine development and in intestinal epithelium structure. This positive effect was enhanced to some extent by the addition of glutamine or glucose.

scholarly journals Performance indicators of broilers fed propolis and bee pollen additive

Poljoprivreda ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Prakatur ◽  
Matija Domaćinović ◽  
Božica Lachner ◽  
Zvonimir Steiner ◽  
Dalida Galović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Feed Mixture ◽  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Diet Supplementation

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of diet supplementation with propolis and/or bee pollen on the performance indicators of broilers. This experimental study was conducted on 200 Ross 308 broilers equally distributed by sex and divided into five groups. Throughout the whole study the control group of chickens was fed feed mixture. Feed mixture fed to the experimental groups of chickens contained additives (propolis and/or bee pollen, each supplement separately or in combination in a certain proportion). The average values of broilers body weight were significantly higher on 7th (p=0.001), 14th, 21st, 28th, 35th (p&lt;0.001) and 42nd (p=0.002) day of feeding in the experimental groups of broilers compared to the control group. The average values of broilers weight gain were significantly higher on 1st (p&lt;0.001), 2nd (p=0.002), 3rd (p&lt;0.001), 4th (p=0.029) and 5th (p=0.009) week of feeding in the experimental groups of broilers compared to the control group. This study has undoubtedly shown that propolis and bee pollen have significant positive effect on performance indicators of broilers.

scholarly journals Impact of body weight on semen parameters and reproductive hormones of men with idiopathic infertility

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. e369
Author(s):  
Sami Alsaid ◽  
Kareim Khalafalla ◽  
Ahmad Majzoub ◽  
Mohamed Arafa ◽  
Haitham Elbardisi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Idiopathic Infertility

The Pharmacokinetics of Biologics: A Primer

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane R. Mould
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Concomitant Administration ◽  
European Medicines Agency ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Dose Metrics ◽  
Potential Factor

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) exhibit complex pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD, response) against tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Many factors impact anti-TNF MAb PK, altering MAb clearance and therefore the half-life: albumin, weight (particularly, obesity), disease (severity, stage and co-morbidities) and concomitant administration of immunosuppressants (e.g. methotrexate). These factors can alter MAb exposure, impacting on the likelihood of clinical response. Formation of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) is another potential factor that can affect MAb PK. Factors impacting the likelihood of developing ADA are classified as patient-related (concomitant immunosuppressants, prior ADA against other anti-TNF MAb) or product-related (structure, manufacturing process, aggregate formation, route of administration and dosing regimen). Repeated episodic exposure can induce ADAs, shortening the effective treatment interval. Avoiding intervals where anti-TNF MAbs are non-measurable is important for efficacy and may delay onset of ADAs. Thus, patients whose factors predispose them to having faster clearance (or short half-life) such as severe disease, low albumin or high body weight may need shorter dose intervals to reduce the likelihood of intermittent exposure. ADAs can have no effect or can impact efficacy through MAb binding, thus inhibiting its function or potentially causing hypersensitivity reactions (PD). ADA can also increase MAb clearance (PK). Because of their impact on MAb clearance, ADAs have been linked to lower serum drug concentrations, potentially negatively impacting clinical response. ADAs have been reported for biologics in most therapeutic areas. ADAs are well documented in clinical studies due to the Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency recommendations regarding testing and impact of immunogenicity. Lastly, the dose metrics (e.g. mg vs. mg/kg) can cause issues as well. MAbs such as infliximab are dosed on a mg/kg basis, which commonly results in low concentrations in patients with low body weight. Conversely MAbs such as adalimumab are administered as a flat (mg) dose, which can result in low concentrations in high weight patients.

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