scholarly journals Bauhaus Gestaltung as a New Philosophy of Life

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-67
Author(s):  
Sanela Nikolić
Keyword(s):  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Conceptual Foundation ◽  
Philosophy Of Life ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Reflected Light ◽  
Art And Culture ◽  
Individual Existence ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Architecture And Design

The thesis of this text is that the modernist paradigms of art —work of art, creation, and aesthetic experience—were reinterpreted by the Bauhaus idea of the Gestaltung of life. This unique conceptual foundation implied the theoretical and practical education meant to form ( gestalten) not only art and culture, but also life as a whole, as a dynamic organism consisting of two elements—the individual and the space of the individual existence. Bauhaus architecture and design of objects for everyday use were practiced as the Gestaltung of living space in a postwar world of industrial production. The practices of fine arts were developed to improve the human sensory potential and perceptive relations to space. Gestalt psychologists and the Bauhaus worked out the implications of two different meanings of Goethe’s original idea of the Gestalt. The Preliminary Course (Vorkurs) as well as the reflected-light compositions (Reflektorische Farbenlichtspiele), and the artistic solutions of László Moholy-Nagy and Oskar Schlemmer are considered as the concrete educational and artistic achievements of the Bauhaus Gestaltung.

scholarly journals Ideal-real beauty in the theurgical creativity: Themes and concepts of visual art aesthetics of the silver age of Russian culture

Artefact ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-32
Author(s):  
Ivica Marković
Keyword(s):  
Fine Arts ◽  
Theological Interpretation ◽  
Religious Philosophy ◽  
Silver Age ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Western Art ◽  
Philosophy Of Life ◽  
Art And Culture ◽  
True Knowledge ◽  
Speculative Thought

The paper explores the Christian-intoned philosophical aesthetics of the figurative arts during the silver age of Russian culture. In this period, which covers the second half of the nineteenth and the first two decades of the twentieth century, Russia's speculative thought, based on the Orthodox patristic and philosophical idealism, promoted the original religious philosophy, which highly valorized the importance of comprehensive gnoseology and ontology of "total-unity", true knowledge sought only through the absolute - an ideal which in itself synthesizes a real beauty, truth and goodness. That is why the Christian fine arts and aesthetics of this period in Russia were built only as an organic segment of a holistically interpreted philosophy of life, recapitulated by its essential principle - Christ. In order to systematize various aspirations, ideas and concepts of this artistic aesthetics, the paper singles out and explains three major themes that are intertwined. These are: the beauty (integral with goodness and truth), Christlike according to Dostoevsky, ideal-real according to Soloviev; theurgical creation, viewed both as artistic (free and transformative) and as an ascetic likeness to God; and the icon, which - through a philosophical-theological interpretation of an apophatic-kataphatic antinomy, reverse perspective and symbolism - integrates the issue of beauty and creativity into a common discourse, entering the Orthodox apologetic front before western art and culture, from the renaissance to the modern digital age.

Erfahrung ohne Erfahrenden

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-78
Author(s):  
Petr Kouba
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
New Beginning ◽  
Individual Structure ◽  
The World ◽  
Il Y A ◽  
Individual Existence ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Intentional Structure

This article examines the limits of Heidegger’s ontological description of emotionality from the period of Sein und Zeit and Die Grundbegriffe der Metaphysik along the lines outlined by Lévinas in his early work De l’existence à l’existant. On the basis of the Lévinassian concept of “il y a”, we attempt to map the sphere of the impersonal existence situated out of the structured context of the world. However the worldless facticity without individuality marks the limits of the phenomenological approach to human existence and its emotionality, it also opens a new view on the beginning and ending of the individual existence. The whole structure of the individual existence in its contingency and finitude appears here in a new light, which applies also to the temporal conditions of existence. Yet, this is not to say that Heidegger should be simply replaced by Lévinas. As shows an examination of the work of art, to which brings us our reading of Moravia’s literary exposition of boredom (the phenomenon closely examined in Die Grundbegriffe der Metaphysik), the view on the work of art that is entirely based on the anonymous and worldless facticity of il y a must be extended and complemented by the moment in which a new world and a new individual structure of experience are being born. To comprehend the dynamism of the work of art in its fullness, it is necessary to see it not only as an ending of the world and the correlative intentional structure of the individual existence, but also as their new beginning.

INTERIOR DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE THROUGH THE PRISM OF TIME: FROM CONFLICT TO COOPERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
I. Naydenova
Keyword(s):  
Interior Design ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Functional Zoning ◽  
Architecture And Design ◽  
Xix Century

As a research area, interior design took shape in the 20s of the last century, despite the fact that the practice of decorating living spaces dates back many hundreds of years. However, the "self-sufficiency" of design and its connection with architecture to this day is the subject of scientific discussions of urban specialists, historians, art historians, and anthropologists. The article discusses the leading artistic styles and trends that prevailed in architecture and design from the point of view of their mutual influence on each other. Time frame of the research: from the middle of XIX century to the first half of XX century. As a result of the research of foreign experience in the formation of interior design, the main stages of the movement development and its relationship with architecture in two formations were identified: activities directly dependent on architectural decisions, activities that determine the entire design process to a large extent: from the functional zoning of the premises to the features of the placement of utilities in the building. Entering the information era in art as a whole is characterized by the rejection of slogans that clearly delineate stylistic boundaries and determine the role of a designer in creating the living space. The determining factor influencing the integrity of the building’s appearance in a modern view is the harmony of the facade and the internal content, which was made possible thanks to the equal interaction of the architect and designer, starting from the first half of the 20th century.

Universal Social Culture

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Muhammad Al Ghazali
Keyword(s):  
Natural Order ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Philosophy Of Life ◽  
Empirical Survey ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
The Individual

Shah Wali Allah's (1703-63) ideas and profound intellectual legacycontinue to atrract scholastic interest. Despite many works on his legacy,significant facets remain unknown. As his futuristic ideas hold great promisefor modem and future Islamic thought, his works should be analyzed.We will focus on one such idea: his synthesis of reason, revelation,and empiricism. Building on evidence from an inductive survey of socialphenomena to support the claims of revelation and staying within thedoctrinal framework of revealed guidance, he constructs a universal socialcultute paradigm and says that all Qur'anic injunctions and instructionsof the Prophet are compatible with the demands of human nature.His view of the individual and human society is an integral facet ofhis philosophy of life and is one of the most original parts of his legacy.He sees life as a display of the grand divine scheme in natural order andSocial organization. Although his exposition of humanity's social developmentseems to be in the nature of a humanist and sometimes assumes theform of an empirical survey, his final conclusions confirm the fundamentalpostulates of religion. Some modem exponents of his social doctrinessuggest that his ideas are not original and say that he might havetaken them from Ibn Sin$ or Ibn Khaldiin. However, a totalist view ofhis framework of thought shows that this is an unwamted assertion ...

The Associated States and Independence

1981 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
George C. Abbott
Keyword(s):  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
West Indian ◽  
British Experience ◽  
Eastern Caribbean ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
Individual Existence ◽  
The Individual

The British experience with federations is not a happy one. Attempts to combine its smaller and poorer colonies into some form of larger political and economic union as part of its decolonization process are generally reckoned to have failed. Almost without exception, the individual colonies decided to go it alone, to seek independence on their own, that is.The former West Indian colonies are a case in point. Notwithstanding several attempts to bring them closer together, they have shown a remarkable tenacity to retain their individual existence and identity. The 1958 Federation, the most ambitious attempt to weld them into a nation, ended in failure after only three years and much internal wrangling. The larger islands of Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago went on to become independent on their own. A further attempt to amalgamate the remaining units, the so-called "Little Eight" into a Federation of the Eastern Caribbean also failed, after which Barbados sought independence on its own.

THE PROBLEM OF THE FORMATION OF A PRISONER'S LIVING SPACE DURING THE EXECUTION OF A CRIMINAL SENTENCE

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Dolgopolov K.A.
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Conditions ◽  
Living Space ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Correction System

The article deals with the issue related to the problems that arise in the process of execution of a court-imposed sentence in the form of deprivation of liberty.The object of the study is the process of serving a criminal sentence related to deprivation of liberty.The subject is the socio-psychological conditions in which a prisoner is forced to serve a sentence, and which directly affect the result of the impact of the correction system on him.An individual is subjected to correctional measures by the penitentiary system while serving a sentence in places of deprivation of liberty. However, statistics on recidivism show that this effect is often not effective.The conclusion is made that, when an individual enters a prison, he finds himself in conditions where his living space is formed with minimal participation of the individual himself; the factors under the influence of which this space is formed lead to opposition of prisoners to the system of execution of punishment as a whole.The article considers these factors, the specifics of their influence on the formation of the living space of the prisoner as the reasons that lead to the opposition of prisoners to the system of execution of punishment, and reduce its effectiveness.A number of proposals are being made to change the work with prisoners in the Russian penitentiary system, which will make the process of correction and re-education more effective.

scholarly journals The Insula of the Menander at Pompeii: Interim Report

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Ling
Keyword(s):  
General Trend ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Interim Report ◽  
The West ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Economic Basis ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The City

SummaryA British team has been working since 1978 upon a programme of documentation and analysis in the Insula of the Menander at Pompeii, one of the irregular city-blocks situated immediately to the west of the old part of the city in an area which was developed from the early fourth century B.C onwards. Study of the structural techniques, of wall-abutments, and of anomalies in plan can be used in conjunction with the evidence of painted wall-plaster to identify five main phases in the building-history: Phase I (fourth-third centuries B.C), Phase 2 (second and early first centuries B.C), Phase 3 (c. 80-c. 15 B.C), Phase 4 (c. 15 B.C.-C. A.D. 50), Phase 5 (c. A.D. 50-79). These illustrate a complex pattern of changing property-boundaries, but underline the general trend towards increasing commercialization and greater pressure upon living-space in this area of the city. There is also interesting evidence of the economic basis of life in the individual houses during the years immediately before 79.

scholarly journals Different Approaches to Modern Art and Society: Li Zehou versus Xu Fuguan

Asian Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Téa Sernelj
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
Modern Art ◽  
Chinese Modernity ◽  
Material Development ◽  
Modern Chinese ◽  
Chinese Aesthetics ◽  
Basic Approaches ◽  
Art And Society ◽  
The Individual

Proceeding from the inseparable relation between ethics and aesthetics in traditional (and often also modern) Chinese thought, this article aims to illuminate two important approaches to the aesthetic foundations of Chinese modernity. The relation between the individual and society, which is a core question of modern ethics, is reflected in most of the ethical theories of 20th century China. In this context, the article first presents Li Zehou’s theory of aesthetics and his definition of aesthetic experience. In this way, it aims to illuminate Li’s interpretation of modern art and society, and to posit it into a contrastive position to Xu Fuguan’s ethico-aesthetic theories, especially the ones regarding modernity and Western culture. The basic approaches applied by these two important modern Chinese scholars reveal great differences in attitude towards the spiritual and material development of humanity in the 20th century, which is especially interesting since they are both rooted in the abovementioned belief that ethics cannot be separated from aesthetics. Besides, Li Zehou sincerely admired Xu Fuguan’s work on traditional Chinese aesthetics and referred to his comprehension of general concepts of traditional Chinese aesthetics in many of his own works dealing with aesthetics.

scholarly journals BALINESE ART STUDIOS: THE LEARNING PROCESS OF ART AND CULTURE TO SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE TOURISM

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
I Gde Agus Jaya Sadguna ◽  
I Gusti Agung Mas Krisna Komala Sari ◽  
Kumiko Shishido
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Hindu Religion ◽  
Art And Culture ◽  
Negative Impacts

Purpose: A lot of perspectives have been discussed about Bali and this paper will discuss it from the angle of the learning process of art and culture in the Balinese art studios in Gianyar Regency. Research methods: The research was conducted on the months of July and August 2019. Qualitative data was obtained during the research because the method of data collection was interviewing the owner of the dance studio. Results and discussions: One of the A’s in tourism is attraction and Bali have a strong attraction for tourists both domestic and foreign tourists. The art and culture is the breath of tourism in the island of Bali, which is based on the Hindu religion. The resources for these art and culture are nurtured in several forms, which one of them is through sanggar or studios, which is a non-formal education institution for learning Balinese art and culture. Various types of art and culture and developed and nurtured in these studios, such as performing arts, fine arts, and local wisdoms. The tourism industry has given positive and negative impacts for Balinese art and culture, depends on how one may argue if seen through different perspectives. Performing arts have flourished in terms of daily performances taken places in hotels and designated performance theaters. The types which can be easily watched are the music and dance of Bali. Conclusion: Tourism in this sense is not a direct aspect but, in the future, has a direct impact: providing culture resources for performances in tourism objects and destinations. This as a part of social sustainability, also the sanggars, is a part of the sustainable tourism family

Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Lockhart
Keyword(s):  
Fine Arts ◽  
Art Object ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Historical Moment ◽  
The Way

The conclusion summarizes some of the key findings of the book, arguing that the projects described here attest to the fact that the Pygmalion myth was a foundational theme for modern aesthetics, offering, as it did, a means of thinking about the way that the perceiving human related to the art object and about what the object, in return, did to its perceiver. It argues that while this historical moment has been understood to see the emergence of autonomy for the individual fine arts, the texts examined in this book have confirmed that, even at such moments of supposed emancipation, the materials of art acted together, partaking of one another’s essences through analogy and cooperation.

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