scholarly journals The role of rutin and diosmin, two citrus polyhydroxyflavones in disease prevention and treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Gosslau ◽  
Chi-Tang Ho ◽  
Shiming Li
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Citrus Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Apoptotic Pathways

Chronic inflammation and dysregulation of apoptotic pathways leading to free radical-induced tissue damage are widely recognized as major underlying causes of major degenerative diseases, including cancer, diabetes, neurological and cardiovascular disorders. Citrus fruits are rich sources of polyphenolic flavonoids well known for their wide range of pharmacological properties. Rutin (quercetin-3-O-rutinoside) and diosmin (diosmetin 7-Orutinoside) are two major polyhydroxyflavone glycosides abundantly found in citrus peels and, to a lesser extent, in pulp of a variety of different citrus species. During digestion, hydrolysis by intestinal enzymes and gut microbiota lead to the release of their corresponding bioactive aglycones (e.g., quercetin or diosmetin). Data obtained in cell-based, animal and clinical studies demonstrated strong preventive and/or therapeutic effects of rutin and its aglycone flavone quercetin. Although lesser studies available, our recent literature review suggests diosmin as promising citrus fruit polyhydroxyflavonoids, effective against various diseases associated with chronic inflammation.

scholarly journals Sirtuins, Bioageing, and Cancer

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. McGuinness ◽  
D. H. McGuinness ◽  
J. A. McCaul ◽  
P. G. Shiels
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Genomic Stability ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Critical Junctures ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Telomere Function ◽  
And Function ◽  
High Degree

The Sirtuins are a family of orthologues of yeast Sir2 found in a wide range of organisms from bacteria to man. They display a high degree of conservation between species, in both sequence and function, indicative of their key biochemical roles. Sirtuins are heavily implicated in cell cycle, cell division, transcription regulation, and metabolism, which places the various family members at critical junctures in cellular metabolism. Typically, Sirtuins have been implicated in the preservation of genomic stability and in the prolongation of lifespan though many of their target interactions remain unknown. Sirtuins play key roles in tumourigenesis, as some have tumour-suppressor functions and others influence tumours through their control of the metabolic state of the cell. Their links to ageing have also highlighted involvement in various age-related and degenerative diseases. Here, we discuss the current understanding of the role of Sirtuins in age-related diseases while taking a closer look at their roles and functions in maintaining genomic stability and their influence on telomerase and telomere function.

The Jumonji family: past, present and future of histone demethylases in cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluigi Franci ◽  
Alfonso Ciotta ◽  
Lucia Altucci
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Histone Demethylases ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Expression Modulation

AbstractThe first Jumonji gene was cloned in 1995 by Takeuchi et al. [Takeuchi T, Yamazaki Y, Katoh-Fukui Y, Tsuchiya R, Kondo S, Motoyama J, Higashinakagawa T. Gene trap capture of a novel mouse gene, jumonji, required for neural tube formation. Genes Dev 1995; 9: 1211–22.]. Several genes sharing similar biological features have since been discovered, and are currently grouped into the JMJ family. Interestingly, their deregulation has been associated with cardiac disease, obesity, neurological disorders and cancer. One of the mechanisms underlying their function is gene expression modulation via histone post-translational modifications (PTMs). Increasing evidence of Jumonji deregulation in tumours such as colon, prostate, haematological and breast cancer is continually emerging, hence the need to acquire a better understanding. The Genesapiens.org database of patient arrays allows target expression levels to be investigated in a wide range of cancers, corroborating and extending the role of the JMJ family. Here, we provide an overview of the expression profile and regulation of JMJ family members in cancer, examining the most recent literature in the light of analyses drawn from this database.

scholarly journals Recellularization of Native Tissue Derived Acellular Scaffolds with Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1787
Author(s):  
Ebtehal Ahmed ◽  
Tarek Saleh ◽  
Meifeng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Native Tissue ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Decellularized Scaffolds

The functionalization of decellularized scaffolds is still challenging because of the recellularization-related limitations, including the finding of the most optimal kind of cell(s) and the best way to control their distribution within the scaffolds to generate native mimicking tissues. That is why researchers have been encouraged to study stem cells, in particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as alternative cells to repopulate and functionalize the scaffolds properly. MSCs could be obtained from various sources and have therapeutic effects on a wide range of inflammatory/degenerative diseases. Therefore, in this mini-review, we will discuss the benefits using of MSCs for recellularization, the factors affecting their efficiency, and the drawbacks that may need to be overcome to generate bioengineered transplantable organs.

scholarly journals Citrus Biotechnology: Current Innovations and Future Prospects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghulam Mustafa ◽  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Faiz Ahmad Joyia ◽  
Muhammad Sarwar Khan
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Citrus Species ◽  
Fruit Crop ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Biology Research

Citrus is a valuable fruit crop worldwide. It not only provides essential minerals and vitamins but is also of great commercial importance. Conventional research has contributed a lot to the improvement of this fruit plant. Numerous improved varieties have been developed through conventional breeding, mutational breeding, polyploidization and tissue culture yet pathogens continue to emerge at a consistent pace over a wide range of citrus species. Citriculture is vulnerable to various biotic and abiotic stresses which are quite difficult to be controlled through conventional research. Biotechnological intervention including transgenesis, genome editing, and OMICS offers several innovative options to resolve existing issues in this fruit crop. Genetic transformation has been established in many citrus species and transgenic plants have been developed having the ability to tolerate bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogens. Genome editing has also been worked out to develop disease-resistant plants. Likewise, advancement in OMICS has helped to improve citrus fruit through the knowledge of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, interactomics, and phenomics. This chapter highlights not only the milestones achieved through conventional research but also briefs about the achievements attained through advanced molecular biology research.

Epigenetic drugs in Alzheimer’s disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 433-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mar Cuadrado-Tejedor ◽  
Julen Oyarzabal ◽  
María Pascual Lucas ◽  
Rafael Franco ◽  
Ana García-Osta
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Histone Acetylation ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Chemical Probes ◽  
Epigenetic Machinery ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Epigenetic Processes

AbstractEpigenetic processes, such as DNA methylation and histone acetylation, regulate the genome-environment interactions that may play important roles in a wide range of brain disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Indeed, the role of epigenetic machinery in learning and memory processes is well documented. In this review, we will focus on the most recent literature on tools that target epigenetic mechanisms, particularly on histone acetylation, and we will discuss the use of chemical probes to validate these targets in therapeutic strategies for AD.

scholarly journals Critical Update on Malignant Salivary Gland Neoplasms

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Natalya Chernichenko
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Salivary Gland Neoplasms ◽  
Adjuvant Radiation ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Locally Advanced Tumors ◽  
Head Neck

ABSTRACT Salivary gland neoplasms are relatively rare tumors with a wide range of biologic behavior. Early low-grade malignancies could be adequately treated with surgery alone, while larger locally advanced tumors will require adjuvant radiation therapy. The role of chemotherapy remains palliative. The goal of this article is to provide a critical review of recent literature on diagnosis and management of salivary neoplasms. How to cite this article Chernichenko N. Critical Update on Malignant Salivary Gland Neoplasms. Int J Head Neck Surg 2017;8(2):71-75.

scholarly journals The Curative Role of Bitumen in Traditional Persian Medicine

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-292
Author(s):  
Mahdi Shahriari ◽  
Majid Nimrouzi
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Bone Pain ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Persian Medicine ◽  
Traditional Persian Medicine ◽  
Effective Remedy

Aim: Bitumen is a natural substance effusing from rocks’ notches in some highland areas; it has been known as an effective remedy for treating some illnesses. Considering pain relieving properties of bitumen in traditional Persian medicine (TPM) sources, this study aims to review the viewpoints of TPM sages regarding bitumen in the context of traditional Persian medicine. It also provides applicable information for interested researchers to conduct well-designed clinical trials and evaluate therapeutic effects of bitumen claimed in TPM sources. Material and method: Various databases including Embase, SID, IRANDOC, IranMedex, Scopus and PubMed were searched with keywords “bitumen” and “Shilajit”. Furthermore, main traditional Persian medicine sources including Avicenna’s “Canon of medicine”, “Continens Liber” by Razes, “The storehouse of medicaments” by Aghili, “Gift for the faithful” by Momen Tonekaboni and “Measure for medicine” written by Muhammad Akbar Shah Arzani were reviewed with Persian keywords “Moomiaii” and “Mumnaei” Results: According to TPM sources, bitumen was used by Iranian’s physicians to treat a wide range of diseases. It was known especially as an effective remedy to improve gastrointestinal digestive problems. Conclusion: Bitumen is cited in traditional Persian medicine sources as an effective remedy for treatment of a wide range of diseases, especially GI disorders and bone pain. Recent studies showed the beneficial effects of bitumen in treatment of wound healing, however using it in medical practice for other health dilemma should be confirmed by conducting well-designed clinical studies in the future.

scholarly journals Citrus species: Modern functional food and nutraceutical-based product ingredient

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-107
Author(s):  
Mariarosaria Leporini ◽  
Rosa Tundis ◽  
Vincenzo Sicari ◽  
Monica Rosa Loizzo
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Citrus Species ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Bioactive Phytochemicals ◽  
Food Matrices

Citrus is the most cultivated fruit crop in the world and occupies a place of considerable importance in the country’s economy. Almost 33% of the citrus fruits are processed for juice production; however, a great amount of wastes, including peels, segment membranes, and seeds are also produced. Indeed, citrus fruits consist of 45% juice, 26% pulp, 27% peels, and 2% seeds. Pruning, a cultural practice involving the removal of tree branches and limbs, was applied to improve fruit’s quality. A large amount of leaves are produced through pruning. These agri-food matrices contain a wide range of bioactive phytochemicals compared to fruits. The present review covers the past 5 years of research carried out in chemistry, health properties, and applications in food and nutraceutical industries of all portions of citrus fruit and its major bioactive compounds. Additionally, patents are also included.

The Problem of Identifying and Modeling the Relationship between Monetary Factor and Inflation in the Russian Economy

2008 ◽  
pp. 61-76
Author(s):  
A. Porshakov ◽  
A. Ponomarenko
Keyword(s):  
Money Supply ◽  
Money Demand ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Supply Side Factors

The role of monetary factor in generating inflationary processes in Russia has stimulated various debates in social and scientific circles for a relatively long time. The authors show that identification of the specificity of relationship between money and inflation requires a complex approach based on statistical modeling and involving a wide range of indicators relevant for the price changes in the economy. As a result a model of inflation for Russia implying the decomposition of inflation dynamics into demand-side and supply-side factors is suggested. The main conclusion drawn is that during the recent years the volume of inflationary pressures in the Russian economy has been determined by the deviation of money supply from money demand, rather than by money supply alone. At the same time, monetary factor has a long-run spread over time impact on inflation.

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