scholarly journals Strategic feeding supplementation: An alternative for sustainability of beef production in native pastures

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 363-373
Author(s):  
Lucas Carvalho Siqueira ◽  
Bruno Pagliarin Oliveira ◽  
Daniele Furian Araldi ◽  
Juliana Medianeira Machado ◽  
Claudia Prudencio Mera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Traditional Management ◽  
Mineral Supplementation ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Strategic Feeding ◽  
Breeding Seasons

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of a strategic feeding supplementation protocol on reproductive and economic results of exclusively fixed timed artificial inseminated (FTAI) beef cows from a southern Brazilian herd. The experiment was carried out over 2 consecutive breeding seasons (2016 and 2017, from October to January). Two-hundred, 3 and 4 years old, non-suckled, Angus cows (n=100/year), were divided into two homogeneous groups (by weight and body condition score) 25 days before the first FTAI of the breeding season (First FTAI=Day 0).  As a representation of traditional management of herds grazing on natural pastures from Rio Grande do Sul Province, Brazil, cows from control group (CG; n=100; 50 cows in each year) received basic mineral supplementation (without protein an energy) ad libitum during the entire experimental period. As an alternative feeding protocol, supplemented group (SG; n=100; 50 in each year) received a mineral supplementation enriched with protein (23%), energy (44% NDT) and sodium monensin (0.25%) ad libitum from days: –25 to 80 of breeding season. Cows were maintained in 2 separated paddocks of native pasture with similar forage composition and availability. All cows were submitted to a progesterone/estradiol-based estrus synchronization protocol on day -10, and cows not pregnant at diagnosis were resynchronized on days 28 and 76 using the same hormonal treatment. There was no year effect (P>0.1) on weight gain and reproductive results, data from both breeding seasons were polled together for further analyzes. Cows from SG presented higher average daily weight gain and gained more weight than cows from CG (p<0.001).  Conception rate was higher for SG than CG at the first FTAI cycle (p<0.05). No differences between groups were detected on final pregnancy rates (CG=80% and SG=88%; p>0.1). Cows from SG became pregnant earlier (p<0.01) during the breeding seasons. Also, the feeding supplementation provided an opportunity to increase gross margin. In conclusion, strategic feeding supplementation of beef cows grazing in natural pasture and submitted exclusively to fixed timed artificial insemination increases cows’ weight gain, anticipates pregnancies during the breeding season and can increase profit margin when compared to traditional management adopted in southern Brazil.

scholarly journals Effects of the weaning age of calves on somatic development and on reproductive performance of beef cows

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1058-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Zambarda Vaz ◽  
José Fernando Piva Lobato
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Weaning Age

This study evaluated body development and reproductive performance of beef cows whose calves were submitted to early weaning (76 days of age), or conventional weaning (148 days of age). It was used 141 Braford cows that calved in 2004, 2005, and 2006 to evaluate weight at calving at 76 days, weight at calving at 148 days, weight at the beginning and end of the breeding season, variation of the average daily weight, body condition, pregnancy rate, and calving interval. Dams of calves weaned at 148 days of age showed daily weight gain higher body weight and better body condition at 148 days of age. The weights at the end of breeding season and average weight gain during the breeding season were higher in early weaning cows than in conventional cows. Pregnancy rate of early weaning cows (86.34%) was higher than those submitted to weaning at conventional age (55.45%). Pasture interval was similar among early weaning cows and conventional weaning cows. The best benefit on reducing weaning age in pregnancy rate was in primiparous cows. There was significant interaction between weaning age and the year for calving interval and milk production. The early weaning of calves carried out at 76 days of age allows cows to better weight recovery in the post-weaning and breeding periods, improving their body condition and consequently increasing pregnancy rate regarding to cows whose calves suckled until 148 days of age.

scholarly journals Prophylactic Use of Meloxicam and Paracetamol in Peripartal Sows Suffering From Postpartum Dysgalactia Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Schoos ◽  
Ilias Chantziaras ◽  
Jordy Vandenabeele ◽  
Evelien Biebaut ◽  
Evelyne Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Health Parameters

Postpartum dysgalactia syndrome (PPDS) is a major economic problem in modern sow farms. General treatment of PPDS consists of the use of oxytocin to promote milk ejection and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to alleviate inflammatory processes. So far, studies investigated the use of a single administration of NSAIDs after parturition in healthy and non-healthy sows. The current study investigated whether administration of meloxicam or paracetamol in sows prior to parturition improves sow and piglet health as well as performance in a farm with PPDS problems in sows. Sixty sows and 978 piglets from a Belgian farrow-to-finish farm were enrolled. Sows were randomly divided into three groups: a non-treated control group, a meloxicam-treated group and a paracetamol-treated group. Treatment was administered orally for 7 days from gestation day 113 onwards. Performance and health parameters investigated in sows were gestation length, farrowing duration, litter characteristics, colostrum yield and quality (Immunoglobulin G), litter weight gain, weaning-to-estrus interval, pregnancy rate, rectal temperature, acute phase proteins and inflammatory markers serum amyloid A, haptoglobin, interferon γ, interleukin 1β and 6 backfat, constipation and feed refusal. Performance and health parameters in piglets were birthweight, average daily weight gain, colostrum intake and mortality. Paracetamol-treated sows showed a significantly (P = 0.04) lower rectal temperature (mean ± SD: 38.09 ± 0.18°C) than the meloxicam-treated sows (38.24 ± 0.18°C), but not than the control group (38.22 ± 0.18°C). Sows of the paracetamol-treated group had a significantly (P = 0.001) longer gestation length (116.3 ± 0.9 days) than sows of the control group (115.3 ± 0.6 days), but not than meloxicam-treated sows (115.9 ± 0.9 days). No significant differences between the three groups were found for all the other parameters. In conclusion, the prophylactic oral administration of either meloxicam or paracetamol for 7 days starting 2 days prior to farrowing did not show beneficial effects on both health and performance parameters of sows and piglets.

Effects of dietary selenium-yeast concentrations on growth performance and carcass composition of ducks

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 1731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Ž. Baltić ◽  
Marija Dokmanović Starčević ◽  
Meho Bašić ◽  
Amir Zenunović ◽  
Jelena Ivanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Dressing Percentage

The aim of the present study was to assess effects of selenium (Se)-yeast diet supplementation on performance and carcass composition in ducks. The study was performed on 240 1-day old ducklings of the same origin (Cherry Valley hybrid), during a 49-day period, which were fed diets supplemented with the following four different levels of Se yeast (ALKOSEL® R397): groups with Se at 0 mg/kg of the diet as-fed, 0.2 mg/kg, 0.4 mg/kg and 0.6 mg/kg. Growth performance (bodyweight, daily weight gain, daily feed intake, feed-conversion ratio) and carcass characteristics (hot and cold carcass weight, chilling losses, dressing percentage, carcass cut yields, and percentage of tissues in breast and thighs with drumsticks) of the ducks were determined. Animals fed high-Se diets (0.4 mg/kg) had higher (P &lt; 0.05) final bodyweight and daily weight gain (from 15 to 49 days) compared with those fed diets with inadequate (0 mg/kg) or with supranutritional (0.6 mg/kg) Se levels. Ducks fed only with basal diet showed a higher (P &lt; 0.05) feed-conversion ratio (from 15 to 49 days) compared with those supplemented with Se at 0.4 mg/kg and 0.6 mg/kg. Dressing percentage was higher (P &lt; 0.01) in the control group (69.50%) than in the group with Se added at 0.6 mg/kg (66.85%). The weights of basic cuts from the duck carcasses did not significantly differ among compared groups. Moreover, the percentage of skin with subcutaneous fat in breast and thighs with drumsticks increased in Se-supplemented groups compared with the control group, while the opposite was determined with the percentage of muscle. It was concluded that a diet containing 0.4 mg of added Se per kilogram produced the greatest growth-performance results in ducks.

scholarly journals A simple and fast sampling method for chemical analyses and densitometry of bones through rib biopsies in cattle

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Malafaia ◽  
Yury T.G. Salcedo ◽  
Ricardo A.R. Uscategui ◽  
Vinícius C. Souza ◽  
Diogo Fleury A. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Simple Method

ABSTRACT: We developed and evaluated a fast and simple method to obtain suitable bone samples for densitometry and chemical analysis through biopsies of the 12th rib of cattle. The postoperative recovery, dry matter intake (DMI) and average daily weight gain (ADG) was evaluated in 36 Nellore steers, nine of which were randomly selected for the control group and 27 others were rib biopsied. Every 30 days, rib biopsy was performed in nine steers, using a corded-electric pistol-grip drill coupled with a hole saw of a 3mm diameter pilot drill bit. This rib biopsy technique provided a suitable sample obtained in a fast way and allowed the surgeon to work alone with the animal slightly sedated and restrained in the crush. Dry matter intake (DMI) was not affected in biopsied animals. At the end of the experimental period (116 days) the average daily weight gain (ADG) was similar in the steers biopsied or not. The described method provided rib samples from cattle suitable for densitometry and chemical analysis of bone tissue without effects on health and performance. This information could greatly increase the accuracy for the diagnosis of phosphorus deficiency in cattle raised on pasture and allow the evaluation of bone metabolism in experimental animals.

scholarly journals Performance of Broilers Supplemented With Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) Powder

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nematollah Asadi ◽  
Seyed Davood Husseini ◽  
Mohammad-Taghi Tohidian ◽  
Nargess Abdali ◽  
Amir Mimandipoure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Production Period ◽  
And Control

This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of peppermint ( Mentha piperita L.) on the performance of broiler chicks. 500 Ross broiler chicks were divided into 5 treatment groups of 4 replications in a completely randomized design format. The diets were ISO-caloric and ISO-nitrogenous ones and contained 1.5, 3, 4.5, and 6 g/kg of peppermint powder. At start, growing, and end periods, the effects of peppermint powder on average daily weight gain, feed conversation ratio, and mortality rate were studied. The results of the present study showed that over a production period of 42 days peppermint had a significant effect on average daily weight gain and feed conversation ratio when compared with the control group ( P < .05). The level of 4.5 g/kg had the highest average daily weight gain (52.78 g), and control treatment with 46.98 g had the least average daily weight gain among different levels of peppermint. The level of 4.5 g/kg and 6 g/kg of peppermint had the least mortality compared to control treatment during training period ( P < .05). From this experiment, we can conclude that treatment with 4.5 g/kg peppermint powder has better performance and carcass characteristics in broilers.

The effect of fetal hypothalamus grafts on weight gain resulting from lesions of the ventromedial hypothalamus

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Erickson ◽  
Frederick D. Brown ◽  
Keith L. Schaible ◽  
Robert L. Wollmann
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Ventromedial Hypothalamus ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Rapid Weight Gain ◽  
Content Type

✓ Bilateral ventromedial hypothalamic lesions in female adult rats which resulted in hyperphagia and rapid weight gain were followed by placement of fetal brain tissue in the anterior third ventricle. The treatment group received fetal hypothalamus grafts, and fetal cortical tissue of identical age was grafted into the control group. A significant reduction in average daily weight gain was noted from 4 to 12 weeks following transplantation in the treatment group. At 12 weeks posttransplantation, the animals were sacrificed for histological analysis. Examination of the hypothalamus grafts revealed neurons, ependymal clusters, and axonal processes which appeared to infiltrate the surrounding hypothalamic parenchyma.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF ANTI-HELMINTHIC TREATMENT ON THE PERFORMANCE AND TERMINATION OF CUTTING COWS SUPPLEMENTED ON GRASSLAND

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 92108-92114
Author(s):  
Osvaldo Alex de Sousa ◽  
Isabela de Almeida Cipriano ◽  
Giordani Mascoli de Favare ◽  
Tábata Alves do Carmo ◽  
Gabriel Jabismar Guelpa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Anthelmintic Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cull Cows

This work aimed to investigate the effect of anthelmintic treatment on the performance of cull cows. Sixty animals were evaluated, divided into three groups composed of 20 cows: two groups were treated with different anthelmintics (endectocide and conventional), while a control group received only saline solution. Anthelmintics and the saline solution will be administered subcutaneously at the doses recommended by the manufacturers: G1- Levamisol (RIPERCOL*L®) 1mL/40kg/PV; G2- Moxidectin (CYDECTIN®) 1mL/50kg/PV; G3- Control (saline solution) 1 mL/45kg/PV. Feces were collected to count eggs per gram of feces (OPG) of each animal, where a collection was every 28 days along with weighing to analyze the weight gain of the treatments. There was no statistical difference in OPG count and weight gain between the evaluated treatments. Both groups presented low contamination throughout the experiment, suggesting that when raised in comfortable conditions, healthy multiparous beef cows would not require anthelmintic treatment.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF BISOLBI ON BIOCHEMICAL AND PRODUCTIVE PROCESSES OF THE HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN CALVES

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Galina Molyanova ◽  
Maksim Nogotkov
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Glucose Content ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of the research is increasing the average daily gain of animals due to the use of the Bisolbi drug. The effect of Bisolbi preparation based on Bacillus subtilis H-13 1.5×108 (LLC «Bisolbi-Inter») on the biochemical and productive life of calves was studied. The scientific and production experiment was carried out on the basis of a dairy farm of the State «Kupinskoe» Unitary Enterprise of the Samara region involving 30 Holstein-Friesian calves. The biological effect of the drug is provided due to its adsorption properties, the ability to enhance the activity of a number of enzyme systems and increase the digestive and systemic immunity of the body. The drug use increases the integration intensity of animals: the amount of total protein in the blood serum of calves of the experimental group at 120 days of age was higher by 8.9% (p<0.05), albumin – by 9.2% (p<0.01), compared with the animal data of con-trolled group. The Bisolbi indication contributed to an increase in the intensity of carbohydrate-lipoid metabolism: the cholesterol amount was higher by 23% (p<0.01), the glucose content – by 0.4 mmol/l (p<0.05) in the blood of 120 day old calves of the experimental group, compared with the data of controlled animals. It was found that the body weight of calves in the control group of 100 days age was 105.23±2.11 kg, in the experimental group – 108.6±2.19 kg, which is 3.37 kg higher. The average daily weight gain of animals in experimental group was signif-icantly higher by 0.075 kg (p<0.01). At 120 days of age, the body weight of the experimental calves was higher by 4.19 kg (p<0.05), the average daily weight gain by 0.080 kg (p<0.05), compared with the data of the controlled ani-mals. The indication of Bisolbi 5-10 ml (LLC «Bisolbi-Inter») to calves daily for 2 months resulted in an additional profit constructively of 137 rubles from each head.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF FEED RESTRICTION AT THE STARTER PHASE ON PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
M Tion ◽  
M. T. Orga ◽  
I. A. Adeka
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Ad Libitum

Two hundred and twenty five day old straight run broiler chicks were utilized in completely randomized design to test the effect of restricting feed intake of four groups of chicks to 92.5% 85.0%, 77.5% and 70.0% of the unrestricted (control) group in the starter phase and following adlibitum feeding for all groups in the finisher phase. The treatments were simply designated as A, B, C, D and E. The starter phase in which the restriction was carried out lasted 28 days and the finisher phase 42 days. Parameters evaluated during the starter and finisher phases included; growth rate, feed conversion ration and mortality rate. Results show gain in weight among all groups while the group fed diet B and the control had comparable weight gain at the starter phase. The percentage weight difference between the control and each of the other dietary groups was: 4.4%, 8.4%, 8.6% and 10.4% for the treatments B, C, D and E respectively. Feed gain ration improved as the level of restriction became stricter. Following ad-libitum feeding of all grops at the finisher phase, the feed restricted groups at the starter phase voraciously increased their feed intake, thus, producing comparable performance values with the unrestricted (control) group in weight gain in the 8th week of the study. Although birds in all groups averaged more than 2000g final live weight in 10weeks, significant differences exist between groups that were fed diets C, D, and E that were restricted at the starter phase, an indication that complete compensatory growth was not obtainable. Feed gain ration improved for restricted groups. Mortality rate did not show any trend attributable to levels of feed restriction. This study shows that broiler chicks fed restricted levels of balanced diet at the starter phase but later fed ad-libitum at the finisher phase could attain a finished weight of about 2000g or more at a market age of 10 weeks (70 days) with an improvement in feed gain ration.

scholarly journals Productive behavior of sheep fed with soy (Glycine max L.) forage

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Torres-Salado ◽  
Oscar D. García-Raymundo ◽  
María A. Maldonado-Peralta ◽  
Adelaido R. Rojas-García ◽  
Marco A. Ayala-Monter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
The Tropics

Objective: To evaluate the productive behavior of Creole sheep in the tropics fed a whole food diet that includes soybean (FS, Glycine max) fodder at different phenological stages. Methodology: The treatments T1: control, T2: 30% (SF-56 d), T3: 30% (SF-68 d), T4: 30% (SF-85 d), T5: 30% (SF-110 d) were assigned randomly to 30 male Creole sheep (15.51±1.6 kg LW). The experiment lasted 56 d. The variables evaluated were: dry matter consumption (DMC), daily weight gain (DWG) and feed conversion (FC). The experimental design wascompletely randomized and the averages of the treatments were compared using the Tukey test. Results: Differences (p<0.05) were found in DMC, DWG and FC. The DMC was lower (p<0.05) in the control group. The DWG was higher in the animals that consumed soybean fodder compared to the control group (0.205 vs 0.121 kg d-1). The FC decreased (p<0.05) 51% in T3 (SF 68 d), with respect to the control group. Study Limitations: The nutrient contribution of soybean fodder is based on the phenological stage of the plant. Likewise, producers in the tropical region have scarce knowledge about how to incorporate it in the feeding of small ruminants. Conclusions: The inclusion of 30% of soybean fodder at 68 d of age in a whole food diet improves the productive performance of the lambs because it increases daily weight gain and decreases feed conversion.

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