scholarly journals FILM-FORMING PROPERTIES OF STREPTOCOCCUS SPP. IN THE PRESENCE OF ANTISEPTICS BASED ON CATIONIC SURFACE-ACTIVE COMPOUNDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-221
Author(s):  
M.O. Faustova ◽  
M.M. Ananieva ◽  
G.A. Loban ◽  
Yu.V. Chumak ◽  
R.V. Petrenko
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Surface Active Compounds

According to the American National Institutes of Health, about 80% of bacterial infections are film-associated that impedes their treatment and prevention. Scientists emphasize that the frequent chronicity of diseases associated with film-forming pathogens, and their significant resistance to antimicrobials today poses the major health problem worldwide. The aim of this study is to determine the film-forming properties of clinical isolates of Streptococcus spp. isolated from patients having odontogenic purulent-inflammatory diseases of the soft tissues of the maxillofacial area in the presence of antiseptics decasan and chlorhexidine. Materials and methods. The clinical isolates of S. warneri (n = 3), S. sanguinis (n = 4), S. sobrinus (n = 4), S. mitis (n = 4), S. salivarius (n = 5) were the objects of the study. To identify film-forming properties of the clinical isolates, a spectrophotometric method according to G.D. Christensen was applied. The antiseptics based on cationic surfactants as Decasan 0.2 (LLC "Yuri-Pharm", Kyiv, Ukraine) and chlorhexidine bigluconate 0.05 (Chlorhexidine-KR®, PJSC "Chimpharmzavod" Red Star ", Kharkiv, Ukraine) were used. Results and discussion. The study has shown that S. sorbinus and S. sanguinis have high film-forming properties; S. mitis and S. warneri demonstrate moderate film-forming properties. The antiseptic Decasan helped to reduce the film formation by all investigated isolates of Streptococcus spp. The effect of chlorhexidine on the ability of microbial isolates to produce biofilms was slightly lower compared to Decasan; moreover, in the case of S. mitis species, chlorhexidine even enhances film-forming properties. Conclusion. Streptococci of the viridans group, which are isolated from patients having odontogenic purulent-inflammatory diseases of the soft tissues of the maxillofacial area, have different film-forming properties. Decasan is more effective against the film formation by streptococci compared to Chlorhexidine.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ADHESIVE AND FILM-FORMING PROPERTIES OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS SPP. - PATHOGENS OF INFECTIOUS INFLAMMATORY DISEASES IN SOFT TISSUES OF JAW AND FACIAL AREA

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-168
Author(s):  
M.O. Faustova
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Microtiter Plate ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the study was to establish the relationship between film-forming and adhesive properties of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus spp. Materials and methods. The study included 20 clinical isolates of S. aureus and 10 isolates of S. epidermidis obtained from purulent exudates in patients with infectious inflammatory diseases of soft maxillofacial tissues. Cultivation of these isolates was performed according to standard methods. The assessment of the adhesive properties of the clinical isolates of microorganisms under the study was performed using the standard method of V. I. Brillis et al. Adhesive properties were evaluated by the index of microorganism adhesion. The study of the film-forming property of clinical isolates was performed using the spectrophotometric method of MtP-test "microtiter plate test" by G.D. Christensen. The correlation coefficient (r-Pearson) was applied to determine the relationship between the variables. Results. Clinical strains of S. aureus have been found to possess high adhesive and film-forming properties. In turn, index of adhesion of clinical isolates of S. epidermidis indicates the moderate adhesive properties of the pathogen. Moreover, S. epidermidis showed a moderate ability to form biofilms. The study had shown a close relationship between the adhesion and film formation in clinical isolates of the genus Staphylococcus. Conclusions. Clinical isolates of S. aureus have been found to have high adhesive and film-forming properties. Isolates of S. epidermidis show a moderate ability to adhere and form biofilms. There is a direct strong correlation between the adhesive and film-forming properties of microorganisms of the genus Staphylococcus.

scholarly journals Characterization of staphylococci and their role in pathology of children

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
M. A. Harуfulina ◽  
O. S. Voronkova ◽  
T. M. Shevchenko ◽  
A. І. Vіnnіkov
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Staphylococcal Infection ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Pathogenicity Factors ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

The problem of human staphylococcal infection in the world has been considered. It is known that there are 27 species of staphylococci, 14 of them colonize the skin and mucous membranes of humans, and 3 of them may cause diseases. They are Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus. Staphylococci are causative agents of the large part of community-acquired and nosocomial bacteremia, pneumonia, infections of skin and soft tissues, bones and joints. Of all cases of nosocomial infections, S. aureus accounts for 31%. During the identification of 65 strains of bacteria isolated from people with respiratory tract lesions, it was found that 58.5% of cases were connected with presence of staphylococci. 86.8% of isolates identified belong to species S. aureus and 13.2% to S. saprophyticus. Study of pathogenicity factors manifestation revealed that all strains identified as S. aureus had plasmocoagulase; lipase and lecitinase were simultaneously detected in 78.3% of them, among S. saprophyticus strains in 20%. Presence of haemolysins was determined for 82.1% of strains of staphylococci. Ability to film formation was detected in 21 (63.6%) strains of S. aureus and 2 (40%) of S. saprophyticus strains. Given high frequency of carriers of staphylococci among healthy individuals, they should be considered as potentially pathogenic microorganisms and opportunistic pathogens. Due to their pathogenicity factors (adhesins, capsule, cell wall components, enzymes and toxins), staphylococci may cause diseases such as sepsis, meningitis, peritonitis, endocarditis, pneumonia, tonsillitis, and in young children they may result in serious Ritter illness (“babies scalded syndrome”), foodstuff infection and staphylococcal enterocolitis, in lactating women – mastitis, toxic shock syndrome. To solve the problem of staphylococcal infection prevention, it is necessary to use the following prophylaxis methods: to avoid decrease in immunity, to observe the rules of hygiene, sterility, disposability, disinfection, strict control of sanitary and epidemiological profile of healthcare institutions, to ensure monitoring of pregnant women, infants and early diagnostics and treatment of the inflammatory diseases at their initial stages. Furthermore, there is a need in monitoring of these bacteria spreading. 

scholarly journals Phage therapy in the treatment of patients with respiratory pathology: history, modern aspects, prospects

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
G. N. Nikiforova ◽  
G. G. Asriyan ◽  
M. M. Gurkova ◽  
P. S. Artamonova
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Effective Use

Bacteriophages - viruses infecting bacteria are the largest known group of viruses, which in their structure mainly have doublestranded genomic DNA, but among them there are also groups with double-stranded RNA and single-stranded DNA and RNA. The total population is about 1031–1032 phages, they play an essential role in the regulation of the world’s number of bacteria. The rather complex and diverse interaction of these representatives of the microcosm continues throughout the history of their existence on our planet. The question of the use of bacteriophages in the treatment of patients with various bacterial infections still remains completely unexplored. The very idea of using these microorganisms for therapeutic purposes dates back to the First World War, when the French biologist and researcher Felix d’Hérelle discovered a special type of «bacteria-eating» viruses, on the basis of which he created drugs for the treatment of patients with dysentery. To date, a fairly large clinical experience has been accumulated in the use of phage preparations in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory, gastrointestinal, urogenital tract, as well as in the therapy and prevention of purulent-septic processes and nosocomial infections. The mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract is the first line of defense against various respiratory pathogens. The ability of bacteriophages to attach to the surface layer of mucus - mucin, forming an antibacterial protection of the mucous membrane and thus reducing the level of colonization of mucus by bacterial pathogens, determines their effective use in the treatment and prevention of inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Due to certain unique properties of bacteriophages, peculiarities of vital activity and interaction with a bacterial cell, their use seems to be promising for the treatment of patients with infectious diseases of the upper respiratory tract.

scholarly journals Drug Repurposing: A Review of Old and New Antibiotics for the Treatment of Malaria: Identifying Antibiotics with a Fast Onset of Antiplasmodial Action

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2304
Author(s):  
Lais Pessanha de Carvalho ◽  
Andrea Kreidenweiss ◽  
Jana Held
Keyword(s):  
Health Problem ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
New Antibiotics ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Fast Acting ◽  
Artemisinin Combination Therapies

Malaria is one of the most life-threatening infectious diseases and constitutes a major health problem, especially in Africa. Although artemisinin combination therapies remain efficacious to treat malaria, the emergence of resistant parasites emphasizes the urgent need of new alternative chemotherapies. One strategy is the repurposing of existing drugs. Herein, we reviewed the antimalarial effects of marketed antibiotics, and described in detail the fast-acting antibiotics that showed activity in nanomolar concentrations. Antibiotics have been used for prophylaxis and treatment of malaria for many years and are of particular interest because they might exert a different mode of action than current antimalarials, and can be used simultaneously to treat concomitant bacterial infections.

Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in smear negative sputum by PCR

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Jobayer ◽  
SM Shamsuzzaman ◽  
Kazi Zulfiquer Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Total Death ◽  
Smear Negative ◽  
Negative Sputum

Pulmonary tuberculosis is a major health problem in Bangladesh that is responsible for about 7% of total death in a year. This study was conducted to isolate and identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis from sputum and to evaluate the efficacy of PCR as a modern diagnostic tool, for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, especially in the smear negative cases. One hundred and fifty suspected pulmonary TB patients (male/ female: 97/53) were included in this study. Single morning sputum was collected from each patient and diagnostic potential of PCR was compared with staining and culture. Twenty five (16.7%) sputum were positive by ZN stained smear. Among 125 smear negative samples, 13 (10.4%) yielded growth in culture in LJ media and 21 (16.8%) samples were positive by PCR. The sensitivity and specificity of PCR in smear negative cases was 100% and 92.9% respectively. Mean detection time in PCR was 24 hours. PCR detected M. tuberculosis in 21 smear negative and 9 culture negative samples. For diagnosis of tuberculosis in smear negative cases, PCR directly from sputum was a very sensitive and accurate method. In conclusion, PCR may be done, especially in clinically suspected pulmonary tuberculosis patients who remain negative by conventional methods.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v6i2.19368 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2012; 06(02): 2-6

Prevention and Treatment of Early Childhood Caries (ECC)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey .
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Optimal Basis ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Childhood Caries

Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a chronic disease that can be prevented. It commonlyaffects children involving in one or more decayed (with lesions or not) teeth, missing teeth (dueto caries), or teeth with fillings in children aged under 71 months. The disease is sometimesoverlooked, but this condition usually affects the general health of children. Early detection ofEarly Childhood Caries (ECC) can prevent problems which are harmful to children. Therefore,the ECC must be prevented and for teeth that have had dental caries they should be givenproper treatment so as not to worsen and affect the quality of life in children. Prevention of thisdisease is a significant component in any health program to prepare for the optimal basis forthe oral health of children. This condition will become a serious health problem if not handledproperly, and it is a major health problem for health providers throughout the world.Primarypreventive must be initiated since a woman getting pregnant.Keywords: Early Childhood Caries (ECC), prevention, treatment

Salivary and Serum Biochemical Alterations in Patients with Acute Viral Hepatitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 747-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Gabriela Badita ◽  
Iulia Ioana Stanescu ◽  
Andra Balcangiu Stroescu ◽  
Dan Piperea Sianu ◽  
Daniela Miricescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
World Population ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Viral Hepatitis A

Viral hepatitis represents a major health problem worldwide. Approximately 1.4 million people are infected with hepatitis A virus every year, although given that most of the cases evolve asymptomatically the real number could be even higher. At the same time, hepatitis B virus affects up to 30% of the world population and represents one of the main causes of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus, it is very important to understand the physiopathology of viral hepatitis A and B not only for the diagnosis, but also for the therapeutic protocol. The present research aimed to determine if HAV and HBV can alter serum and salivary levels of total protein and of 2 important electrolytes: calcium and potassium.

Imaging of Bacteria: Is there Any Hope for the Future Based on Past Experience?

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 772-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Ebenhan ◽  
Elena Lazzeri ◽  
Olivier Gheysens
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Sterile Inflammation ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Implanted Medical Devices ◽  
Neutropenic Patients ◽  
Socio Economic Impact ◽  
Made In

Infectious diseases remain a major health problem and cause of death worldwide. It is expected that the socio-economic impact will further intensify due to escalating resistance to antibiotics, an ageing population and an increase in the number of patients under immunosuppressive therapy and implanted medical devices. Even though radiolabeled probes and leukocytes are routinely used in clinical practice, it might still be difficult to distinguish sterile inflammation from inflammation caused by bacteria. Moreover, the majority of these probes are based on the attraction of leukocytes which may be hampered in neutropenic patients. Novel approaches that can be implemented in clinical practice and allow for swift diagnosis of infection by targeting the microorganism directly, are posing an attractive strategy. Here we review the current strategies to directly image bacteria using radionuclides and we provide an overview of the preclinical efforts to develop and validate new approaches. Indeed, significant progress has been made in the past years, but very few radiopharmaceuticals (that were promising in preclinical studies) have made it into clinical practice. We will discuss the challenges that remain to select good candidates for imaging agents targeting bacteria.

Wogonin Alleviates Hyperglycemia Through Increased Glucose Entry into Cells Via AKT/GLUT4 Pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 2602-2606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahzad Khan ◽  
Mohammad A. Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Main Factor

: Insulin resistance and type 2 Diabetes mellitus resulting in chronic hyperglycemia is a major health problem in the modern world. Many drugs have been tested to control hyperglycemia which is believed to be the main factor behind many of the diabetes-related late-term complications. Wogonin is a famous herbal medicine which has been shown to be effective in controlling diabetes and its complications. In our previous work, we showed that wogonin is beneficial in many ways in controlling diabetic cardiomyopathy. In this review, we mainly explained wogonin anti-hyperglycemic property through AKT/GLUT4 pathway. Here we briefly discussed that wogonin increases Glut4 trafficking to plasma membrane which allows increased entry of glucose and thus alleviates hyperglycemia. Conclusion: Wogonin can be used as an anti-diabetic and anti-hyperglycemic drug and works via AKT/GLUT4 pathway.

Management of Prameha with Mustadi Kwatha - A Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Akshay H. Malshikare ◽  
Dr. Sharada Chikurte
Keyword(s):  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ayurvedic Medicine ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes

Diabetes is a major health problem in whole world. In spite of many drugs available, uncontrolled diabetes remains a challenge. Moreover, some anti-diabetic drugs are on the verge of withdrawal due to its adverse effects. So, there is an acute need for a new effective and safe drug. So in this case study we used Ayurvedic medicine ‘Mustadi Kwatha’ mentioned in Bhaishajya Ratnawali in Prameha Chikitsa. A single case study was done on use of Mustadi Kwatha on Type II Diabetes Mellitus. Significant reduction was seen in blood sugar level fasting and post-prandial.

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