scholarly journals Features of the Implementation of Decommunization Policy of the Symbolic Space in Local Macrocommunities of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 207-232
Author(s):  
Nataliya Rotar
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Political Competition ◽  
Local History ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Symbolic Space ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Symbolic Structure ◽  
The Right

The article analyzes the practices of local self-government in Ukraine in the field of decommunization of urban spaces in Kiev, Kharkov, Odessa, Dnieper. The peculiarities of the implementation of the policy of de-communization of the symbolic space indicate that since 2015, at the level of local macrocommunities, they have become public arenas of interpretations of the past. Their memorial symbolic structure reflects the competition between political actors representing competing commemorative orders. Local self-government practices have acquired their expressive specificity in each of the local macrocommunities. In particular, in Kiev, the policy of local self-government bodies is designated by us as “political”, which is associated with its status as the capital of Ukraine. It was this status that subordinated the symbolic space of local history and the retrospective reverse to historical names. Local authorities in Odessa and Kharkov carried out decommunization with the involvement, in addition to the political, pragmatic (Kharkov) and historical (Odessa) practices of renaming toponyms. Historical practice has become the core of the practice of decommunization of the symbolic space of the Dnieper. At the same time, local governments in all four cities of Ukraine were subjects of political competition (“symbolic struggle”) for the right to form and approve the idea of the legitimate order of the city's symbolic space. By referring to Ukraine's policy in the field of decommunization as one that has elements of symbolic violence, local governments fueled the social tension that accompanied the implementation of this policy.

The Perils of Vanguardism

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 947-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua C Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Causal Explanation ◽  
Unemployment Benefit ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Social Democrats ◽  
Asylum Policy ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Right ◽  
Unexpected Outcome

AbstractOver the past 25 years, Sweden has gone from having one of the most generous unemployment benefit systems among the rich democracies to one of the least. This article advances a multi-causal explanation for this unexpected outcome. It shows how the benefit system became a target of successive right-wing governments due to its role in fostering social democratic hegemony. Employer groups, radicalized by the turbulent 1970s more profoundly than elsewhere, sought to undermine the system, and their abandonment of corporatism in the early 1990s limited unions’ capacity to restrain right-wing governments in retrenchment initiatives. Two further developments help to explain the surprising political resilience of the cuts: the emergence of a private (supplementary) insurance regime and a realignment of working-class voters from the Social Democrats to parties of the right, especially the nativist Sweden Democrats, in the context of a liberal refugee/asylum policy.

scholarly journals Designing the social estate of odnodvortsy of the western provinces in 1831

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Constantin Vadimovich Troianowski
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Social Category ◽  
The Past ◽  
Imperial Russia ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article investigates the process of designing of the new social estate in imperial Russia - odnodvortsy of the western provinces. This social category was designed specifically for those petty szlachta who did not possess documents to prove their noble ancestry and status. The author analyses deliberations on the subject that took place in the Committee for the Western Provinces. The author focuses on the argument between senior imperial officials and the Grodno governor Mikhail Muraviev on the issue of registering petty szlachta in fiscal rolls. Muraviev argued against setting up a special fiscal-administrative category for petty szlachta suggesting that its members should join the already existing unprivileged categories of peasants and burgers. Because this proposal ran against the established fiscal practices, the Committee opted for creating a distinct social estate for petty szlachta. The existing social estate paradigm in Russia pre-assigned the location of the new soslovie in the imperial social hierarchy. Western odnodvortsy were to be included into a broad legal status category of the free inhabitants. Despite similarity of the name, the new estate was not modeled on the odnodvortsy of the Russian provinces because they retained from the past certain privileges (e.g. the right to possess serfs) that did not correspond to the 19th century attributes of unprivileged social estates.

scholarly journals Issue dimensionality and party competition in turbulent times

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Rovny ◽  
Stephen Whitefield
Keyword(s):  
Political Competition ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Party Competition ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Turbulent Times ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Broad Framework ◽  
Ideological Structure

We start from the premise that the content of political competition is regularly remade by shifting contexts and by the strategic activity of political actors including parties. But while there are naturally thousands of potential issues on which politics can be contested, there are in practice and for good reasons ways in which structure and limits come to reduce the competition to more cognitively manageable and regularized divisions—in short, to issue dimensions. It is highly timely to return to these questions since, we argue, the social, political, and economic turbulence of recent years raises the possibility that the ideological structure of how parties present themselves to voters may be radically shifting. The papers in this special issue, therefore, each tackle an important aspect of the shifting character of the issues that underlie party competition in various European settings. In this article, we provide an overview of the relevant “state of the art” on issue dimensionality and how the subject is situated within the broad framework of understanding party competition.

scholarly journals Casa din zori

2018 ◽  
pp. 143-159
Author(s):  
Lorin Niculae ◽  
◽  
Ana-Dora Matei ◽  
Alecsandru Vasiliu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Essential Dimension ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Right

„House of Dawn” is the name of a project pertaining to the Arhipera trademark. It follows the same line of action of the group, namely the practice of social participatory architecture. The project concentrates on assuming the human capital that is in the limit situation of privation of shelter and tries to integrate it in a program that involves qualification and professional conversion in the construction field; the goal of the program is the „overnight” building of a minimal dwelling. The solutions for this category of persons in state of difficulty, situated at the extremity of the society, entails the configuration of varied typologies of minimal evolutive dwellings; as in the previous projects, the solutions aim at a democratic architecture obtained by using the „bottom‐up” model. In addition, the project proposes an ecological approach of the design, a durable development of the dwellings and puts a strong emphasis on the sustainability. From a topological point of view, the plots for building the dwellings for the homeless people will be connected with the existent urban tissue in order to achieve the social integration of the participants in the program; the choice of the plots focuses on unconventional spaces with regard to social habitation. A possibility that has been carefully considered from scratch is the reprocessing of unused urban spaces, including the recycling of the initial architectural function. Through the manifest of this program we propose the conversion of certain unfinished spaces of the totalitarian architecture of The People’s House/The Palace of Parliament into spaces for social dwellings destined for unsheltered people. In this particular case, the architectural recycling transforms the Totalitarianism into democracy and restores The People’s House to the people itself. The project is based on the norms of common law regarding the right to occupy the space meant for habitation. A family that is able to erect a house overnight on a plot on which it has no rights to is dignified to inhabit the respective space and proves to be useful from a social and economic point of view to the community that accepts it. The idea of the project is also sustained by a program of social integration of the beneficiaries and their inclusion in the labor market. The implementation of this type of social architecture is defined by efficiency, adaptability and flexibility and it’s centered both on the consolidation of the communitarian potential and on dwelling as an essential dimension of the humans. At the border of day and night, at the intersection of two spaces placed at the extremes, the Arhipera projects speak about opening the limit and abolishing it.

scholarly journals The past and perspective development of pasturing and tourism in the mountains: insights from Norway and Slovenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Potthoff ◽  
Aleš Smrekar ◽  
Mateja Šmid Hribar ◽  
Mimi Urbanc
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Societal Changes ◽  
The Right ◽  
Two Sectors ◽  
Pastoral Farming

The paper aims to analyse the characteristics and trends in pastoral farming, tourism and recreation in the Norwegian and Slovenian mountains and resulting landscape changes. These land uses and related driving forces have been scrutinised in the context of economic, social, and political aspects. While pastoral farming has a centuries-old tradition in the higher altitudes of both countries, interest in mountains for tourism and recreational purposes dates back only to the nineteenth century but has been increasing steadily ever since. The findings of the study, based on a literature review and secondary data, suggest that the social, economic, and especially the political situation in Norway and Slovenia have been different, but the development of mountains in both countries in the field of mountain pasturing and tourism and recreation has shared more similarities than differences, although nuances and specificities should not be disregarded. It is evident that mountain pasturing in both countries is sensitive to societal changes. Further on, we can infer the synergy and the right balance between it and tourism and recreation can be an opportunity for a viable mountain economic situation and would preserve the long traditions of cooperation between the two sectors. //   Članek analizira značilnosti in trende pašništva in rekreacije ter posledične spremembe pokrajine v norveških in slovenskih gorah. Spremembe v rabi zemljišč in z njimi povezane gonilne sile smo preučili z ekonomskega, družbenega in političnega vidika. Planinsko pašništvo ima v obeh državah večstoletno tradicijo, zanimanje za gore iz turističnih in rekreativnih vzgibov pa se je začelo šele v 19. stoletju, vendar se od tedaj stalno povečuje. Ugotovitve te študije, ki temeljijo na pregledu obstoječe literature in sekundarnih podatkov, kažejo, da je bil družbeni, gospodarski in še posebej politični položaj na Norveškem in v Sloveniji sicer različen, vendar razvoj gorskih območij v obeh državah izkazuje več podobnosti kot razlik, pri čemur ne smemo zanemariti določenih razhajanj in posebnosti. Jasno je, da na planinsko pašništvo v obeh državah vplivajo družbene spremembe. Prav tako je očitno, da sinergija in ustrezno ravnovesje med planinskim pašništvom in turizmom ter rekreacijo nudita priložnost za vitalno gospodarsko stanje v gorah in obenem omogočata ohranitev dolgoletne tradicije sodelovanja med obema panogama.

scholarly journals SOCIAL MEDIA AND KOSOVO’S POLITICAL ACTORS

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-196
Author(s):  
Ilire Zajmi
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Political Competition ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
The Social

Social media are changing the nature of mass communication, demediating traditional media. They are being used as powerful platforms for the distribution and dissemination of information, activities, promotion of institutions, certain groups of interest of individuals, but also political actors for different purposes.Placing and disseminating information through the opportunities offered by social media enables the mobilization of a wider audience in new ways and ways. Politicians are exploiting these opportunities provided by social networks, without having to put information through journalists or traditional media. There are two theories in the literature regarding the use of social networks, optimistic and pessimistic theory. According to optimistic theory, social networks provide opportunities to compete for power. Theorists of this theory of using social media think that in the digital age, we are witnessing the transformation of information and the audience that uses them. According to them, the global success of social media has made it possible for everyone to connect directly to his audience through the platforms offered. With the use of these platforms, politicians gain attention and at the same time build a symmetrical or asymmetric relationship with their followers.Pessimistic theory, however, blames the social media for the use of false promise, and a pseudo-modernization of modern society. Studies believe that involvement in social networks and political actors at the same time implies a greater engagement of the audience that absorbs the information disclosed and affects the democratization of political competition. This paper aims to analyze the use of social networks as a means of information dissemination by Kosovar political actors and the content of the information being disclosed.The paper analyzes the posts of three key Kosovar politicians, Prime Minister Ramush Haradinaj, President Hashim Thaçi and Kosovo Assembly Speaker Kadri Veseli in their profiles on Facebook and Twitter social networks during a one-month monitoring period during May 2019

scholarly journals Chañarales: espacios simbólicos de cura y peligro. Ensayo realizado sobre notas etnográficas con campesinos de comunidades huarpes en el departamento de Lavalle, al NE de la provincia de Mendoza (Argentina) / CHAÑARALES: SYMBOLIC SPACE OF HEALING...

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Laura Besio
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Theoretical Discussion ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Forest Environment ◽  
Symbolic Space ◽  
The Past ◽  
Native Forests ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Social

<p>El trabajo manifiesta una discusión teórica enmarcada en una investigación mayor aún en proceso sobre saberes y prácticas de cura asociadas a plantas en la región de “Guanacache” (noreste de Mendoza, Arg.). Pobladores que desde la década de 1990 pasaron a personificar un sujeto colectivo huarpe, con reconocimiento de vínculos de continuidad biológica, cultural y social con poblaciones indígenas del pasado. Bajo el supuesto de que las prácticas y saberes trasmitidos que implican el uso de plantas podrían no estar refiriéndose sólo a elementos naturales formalmente ordenados por fuera del sentido social al que dan sentido y contexto, propongo desde una mirada etnográfica construir el carácter histórico y contextual que adquieren los chañarales (bosques nativos de chañar: especie medicinal botánicamente definida como Geoffroea decorticans) en tanto espacios tejidos de sociabilidad en el que transcurren variadas celebraciones rituales: de iniciación de jóvenes en el campo, prosperidad de cosechas futuras, curación de palabra para plantas y animales enfermos, entre otros. Intentaré explicar las formas relacionales en que los chañarales están siendo convocados por la gente local como ámbitos de resistencia espiritual y material para la cura que sincronizan alianzas entre mundos pasados y a la vez presentes.</p><p>Palabras clave: Guanacache; bosque de chañar; ambiente; plantas curativas; magia y ritual.</p><p>Abtract<br />The work manifests a first theoretical discussion framed in further research still in the process of healing knowledge and practices associated with plants in the region of “Guanacache” (northeast of Mendoza, Arg.), settlers from the 1990s came to personify a collective subject huarpe, with appreciation links biological, cultural and social continuity with the past indigenous populations. Under the assumption that the practices and transmitted knowledge involving the use of plants could not be referring only to natural elements formally ordered outside the social sense to give meaning and context, I propose from an ethnographic look to build the historical and contextual character acquire chañarales (native forests consist mainly of chañar: medicinal species botanically defined as Geoffroea decorticans) while tissue spaces of sociability in various ritual celebrations that take place: initiation of young people in the field, prosperity of future harvests, healing word to disease of plants and animals, among others. My focus of study are healing plants and by employing ontological theories hybrid society nature that try to explain the relational ways that chañarales would be called by the local people as areas of spiritual strength and material for the cure that synchronize alliances between past worlds and simultaneously present.</p><p>Keywords: Guanacache; chañar forest; environment; healing plants; magic and ritual.</p>

THE ROLE OF STATE PENSIONS IN SOCIAL PROTECTION OF CITIZENS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Makhmudjon Ziyadullaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Pension Systems ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right

This article presents ofthe content of the right to social security, which is considered as one of the constitutional rights of citizens, the role of state pensions in the social protection of pensioners and the world pension systems, including distributive, mandatory and conditional pension funds.As well as the size of pensions and their components, the relevance and importance in the Republic of Uzbekistan, the ratification of the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights and changes in thepension sector over the past 3-4 years, taking into account the types of pension provision, frombeginningsof independence of our country

SMALL ARCHAEOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS OF THE BIYSK REGIONAL MUSEUM

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 386-390
Author(s):  
Kungurov A. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local History ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Altai Region ◽  
The Past ◽  
Archaeological Collections ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Village ◽  
Archaeological Objects

The article presents materials from the funds of the Biysk Local History Museum, characterizing small collections of the past decades transferred by the finders to the museum and discovered during the survey of various territories of Altai by B.H. Kadikov - a researcher, and then the director of the museum. These collections contain a small number of finds, so did not attract the attention of researchers. However, the published materials are quite revealing, have a precisely defined location of detection and allow it to be found even after a long period of time. The work describes the finds of M.D. Kopytov near the village of Vyatkino in the Ust-Pristan district of the Altai region, the sites located on the right bank of Bia in the Turochak district of the Altai Republic and at the mouth of the Chemal River in the Chemal region of the republic. The published sites are located in different regions of the Altai region in different physical and geographical conditions. This fact allows to significantly expand the possibilities of finding new archaeological objects in steppe, mountain and taiga areas. In addition, the accounting of these sites, known for a very long time, in the planned construction can facilitate the work of researchers. Keywords: Altai Mountain, archaeology, M.D. Kopytov, B.H. Kadikov, Biysky Local History Museum, stone tools, stone arrowhead, ceramics

scholarly journals Managing the Past in Urban Portraitures in fin-de-siècle Saxon Transylvania

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borbála Zsuzsanna Török
Keyword(s):  
Social Background ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Cultural Appropriation ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Voluntary Basis

The article addresses the cultural appropriation of multiethnic provincial urban spaces in Dualist Hungary. Scholarly topographies of towns experienced a boom at the turn of the century and were produced and marketed in the framework of collaborative enterprises, whether in the shape of state-sponsored committees or societies organized on voluntary basis. In Transylvania, the oldest academic institutions dedicated to such work were primarily the so-called Landeskunde (in Hungarian: honismeret) societies. The article explores the ways in which the social background, the target audience, and the material resources of the societies determined the outcome of the urban mapping by focusing on the multiethnic Transylvanian city Hermannstadt (in Romanian: Sibiu, in Hungarian: Nagyszeben). Here ethno-linguistic affiliations created the most fundamental dividing line that cut across the intellectual milieus during the time under scrutiny. The resulting urban mono-cultural topographies were part of shaping national historiographies, which in the Saxon case emphasized the cultural distinctness of the Transylvanian Lutheran Germans, and played down the difference between the towns and countryside.

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