scholarly journals Relationship between dynamic changes in subpopulations of blood monocytes and the development of complications in patients with acute myocardial infarction

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
T. V. Talayeva ◽  
O. M. Parkhomenko ◽  
I. V. Tretyak ◽  
O. V. Dovhan ◽  
O. V. Shumakov
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Classical Monocytes ◽  
Intermediate Monocytes ◽  
Patrolling Monocytes

The aim – to determine the extent of different subpopulations of blood monocytes in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with ST-segment elevation patients on day 1 and 7 and to evaluate the relationship between their content and the dynamics of changes and the risk of complications after AMI.Materials and methods. The composition of individual subpopulations of monocytes in the peripheral venous blood (and general clinical and biochemical blood tests) was evaluated in 50 pts with STEMI (who were admitted within 6 hours after the onset of the disease) at admission (before primary PCI) and on day 7. All patients received standard recommended therapy. Dynamic heart echocardiography was also performed on the 1st and 7th day. All patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the dynamical increase (1 group – 21 pts) or decrease (2 group – 29 pts) of classical monocytes (CD14hiCD16–) subpopulation during 7 days of follow-up. The control group included 15 healthy subjects with no signs of coronary heart disease and 23 pts with chronic coronary heart disease without AMI.Results and discussion. In subgroup 1, the percentage of the «classical» fraction of monocytes during the observation increased to 89.0±1.2 %, which was 4.2 % more than on the 1st day and 12.5 % more than in the control group (р<0.05), while the absolute amount of classic monocytes on day 7 increased by 48 % compared to initial value (р<0.01). The percentage of «intermediate» (CD14hiCD16+) blood monocytes in patients of this subgroup on the 1st day of hospitalization was 70 % higher than in the control group, and 42 % higher than in the 2nd subgroup of patients (р<0,001), however, on the 7th day it decreased by 30 % compared to baseline, although it remained by 8 % more than in the control group (the absolute number of «intermediate» monocytes did not change). The activation index (IA) of the «intermediate» monocytes on the first day did not differ between subgroups and was 40 % higher than in the control group (р<0.001). However, in the dynamics of observation, in patients of subgroup 1, this figure did not change, while in subgroup 2 IA decreased by 60 % (р<0.001). Despite the fact that the absolute number of anti-inflammatory («patrolling») (CD14+lowCD16++) monocytes did not change until the 7th day of observation (and their percentage decreased slightly), their IA was significantly lower than in the control group (95 %) and in patients of subgroup 2 (92 %, р<0,001). In patients of subgroup 2, the decrease of the percentage of «classic» monocytes was –7.7 % (from 90.4±0.8 to 83.4±1.2 %). Despite the fact that the number and percentage of intermediate monocytes increased in dynamics, their IA decreased almost 2 times, which may indicate a decrease in the pro-inflammatory ability these monocytes. The percentage and number of «patrolling» monocytes increased in dynamics by 37.4 % (р<0.0001) and by 268.3 % (р<0.01), respectively. IA of patrolling monocytes was almost 12 and 7 times higher than in patients of subgroup 1 on the 1st and 7th day of observation, respectively, which may indicate a significant activation of anti-inflammatory activity of patrolling monocytes. Intracardiac thrombosis was 3.3 times more common in patients of subgroup 1, in this subgroup was also more often noted (compared to the subgroup 2): dilatation of the left ventricle (almost 8 times), reduction of left ventricular ejection fraction (4 times), and pathological post-infarction remodeling of the left ventricle (almost 7 times).Conclusions. The results of the study indicate the important role of different subpopulations of blood monocytes in the processes of myocardial damage and recovery (in particular, the pro-inflammatory role of increasing the number of classical monocytes and increasing the activity of intermediate monocytes, as well as the anti-inflammatory role of increasing the number, percentage and activity of patrolling monocytes) in patients with AMI and can be the basis for developing new approaches to the diagnosis and prevention of complications of this disease.

Monocytosis in rational empirical antibacterial therapy in moderate forms of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3(5)) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
A.V. Kovalev ◽  
◽  
M.I. Shperling ◽  
A.S. Polyakov ◽  
Ya.А. Nоskov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Therapy ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Glucocorticoid Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Empirical Antibacterial Therapy ◽  
The Absolute

Microbiologically confirmed bacterial co-infection occurs in 1.2%–7% of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The study of rational approaches to empirical antibacterial therapy (ABT) of SARS-CoV-2 virus-induced pneumonia continues. Glucocorticoid (GCS) therapy, the main method for pathogenetic treatment of moderate forms of CОVID-19, can lead to the development of neutrophilic leukocytosis. The criterion for the differential diagnosis of leukocytosis could be determining the quantity of peripheral blood monocytes. Assessing the significance of identifying the monocyte quantity can serve as an additional criterion for assigning empirical ABT in the treatment of pneumonia caused by the new coronavirus infection. The aim of the study was to identify the characteristics of glucocorticoid-induced leukocytosis in patients with moderate COVID-19. The study included 86 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 (ICD codes: U07.1, U07.2) of moderate severity. The patients were divided into 2 groups. The comparison group consisted of 40 patients who were prescribed ABT after the manifestation of leukocytosis on the background of glucocorticoid therapy. The control group included 46 people who were not prescribed ABT after the manifestation of leukocytosis on the background of glucocorticoid therapy and until the end of their stay in the hospital. We compared the parameters of the clinical blood tests (the absolute number of white blood cells, neutrophils and monocytes (×109/L)) on days 3, 6 and 9 from the start of GCS therapy. As a result, on the 3rd day, both groups had neutrophilic leukocytosis (>9.0×109/L) and absolute monocytosis (>0.8×109/L). There was a statistically signif icant decrease in the absolute number of white blood cells, neutrophils and monocytes by days 6 and 9, compared with day 3 from the start of glucocorticoid therapy. When comparing blood parameters between the groups, there was no statistically significant difference in the number of cells on the 3rd, 6th and 9th day of GCS therapy (p>0.05). Glucocorticoid-induced leukocytosis is associated with absolute monocytosis. The administration of ABT in response to the occurrence of leukocytosis in this study did not affect the change in the level of white blood cells. At the same time, a likely factor in reducing these indicators was a decrease in the daily dosage of corticosteroids.

scholarly journals The role of autophagy in the process of osseointegration around titanium implants with micro-nano topography promoted by osteoimmunity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Zhang ◽  
Mengyang Jiang ◽  
Xiaojie Yin ◽  
Peng Yao ◽  
Huiqiang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Eukaryotic Cells ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Promote Cell Proliferation ◽  
Osteogenic Markers ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

AbstractOsteoimmunity plays an important role in the process of implant osseointegration. Autophagy is a conservative metabolic pathway of eukaryotic cells, but whether the interaction between autophagy and osteoimmunity plays a key role in osseointegration remains unclear. In this study, we prepared smooth titanium disks and micro-nano topography titanium disks, to study the immune microenvironment of RAW264.7 cells, and prepared the conditioned medium to study the effect of immune microenvironment on the osteogenesis and autophagy of MC3T3-E1 cells. Autophagy inhibitor 3-MA was used to inhibit autophagy to observe the change of expression of osteogenic markers. The results showed that the micro-nano topography titanium disks could stimulate RAW264.7 cells to differentiate into M2 type, forming an anti-inflammatory immune microenvironment; compared with the control group, the anti-inflammatory immune microenvironment promoted the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts better. The anti-inflammatory immune environment activated the autophagy level of osteoblasts, while the expression of osteogenic markers was down-regulated after inhibition of autophagy. These results indicate that anti-inflammatory immune microenvironment can promote cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, autophagy plays an important role in this process. This study further explains the mechanism of implant osseointegration in osteoimmune microenvironment, and provides reference for improving implant osseointegration.

Role of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent, ibuprofen, in coronary revascularization after acute myocardial infarction

1990 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Clement ◽  
D. K. Das ◽  
R. M. Engelman ◽  
H. Otani ◽  
D. Bandhyopadhyay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Revascularization ◽  
Inflammatory Agent ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals Monocytes of Different Subsets in Complexes with Platelets in Patients with Myocardial Infarction

2018 ◽  
Vol 118 (11) ◽  
pp. 1969-1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Loguinova ◽  
Natalia Pinegina ◽  
Valeria Kogan ◽  
Murad Vagida ◽  
Anush Arakelyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
New Information ◽  
Platelet Antigen ◽  
Classical Monocytes ◽  
Intermediate Monocytes

AbstractAcute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with activation of various cells, including platelets that form monocyte–platelet complexes (MPCs). Here, we analysed MPC in vivo and in vitro and investigated the abilities of different monocyte subclasses to form MPC, the characteristics of the cells involved in MPC formation and MPC changes in AMI. We identified MPC by co-staining for platelet antigen CD41a and monocyte antigens CD14 and CD16. Platelet activation was evaluated from expression of phosphatidylserine as revealed by annexin V. Our results confirm published data and provide new information regarding the patterns of MPC in AMI patients. We found that the patterns of platelet aggregation with monocytes were different in AMI patients and controls: (1) in AMI patients, MPC formed by intermediate monocytes carry more platelets whereas in healthy controls more platelets aggregated with classical monocytes; (2) the numbers of MPC in AMI patients, being already higher than in controls, were further increased if these patients suffered various in-hospital complications; (3) on the basis of the CD41a fluorescence of the antibody-stained MPC, some of the aggregates seem to consist of monocytes and platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs); (4) aggregation of monocytes with platelet EV occurred in in vitro experiments; and (5) these experiments demonstrated that monocytes from AMI patients aggregate with both platelets and platelet EVs more efficiently than do monocytes from controls. MPC in AMI patients may play an important role in this pathology.

Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Lung and Liver Protective Activity of Galaxaura oblongata as Antagonistic Efficacy against LPS using Hematological Parameters and Immunohistochemistry as Biomarkers

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa Nabil-Adam ◽  
Mohamed A. Shreadah
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
In Vivo Assays ◽  
Induction Group ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
In Vitro Effects

Background: This study aimed to investigate the potential bioactivity and the ameliorative role of Galaxaura oblongata (G. oblongata) against LPS-induced toxicity by using hematological parameters. Objective: It is aimed also to examine its protective effect using the immunohistochemistry of liver and lungs as biomarkers in male BALB/C albino mice. Materials and Methods: the current study carried out using different in-vitro and in-vivo assays such as phytochemical, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory for in-vitro where the hematological and immunohistochemistry for lung and liver were investigated in vivo. Results: There are no previous studies were performed to investigate the in vivo and in vitro effects of the G. oblongata extracts as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory due to their rareness compared to other red algae. LPS treated mice revealed a significant decrease in total number of WBCs, RBCs, platelets, and HGB%, MPV, MCV and MCHC compared to the control group. On contrast, the HCT and MCHC were increased in the induction group which was treated with LPS compared to the control group. Furthermore, the immunohistochemistry results of the present study revealed the protective effect of G. oblongata compared to the induction group. G. oblongata can be used as protective marine natural products against the toxicity induced by LPS. Conclusion: It exhibited a significant ameliorative role against the alterations in the hematological parameters and immunohistochemistry of liver and lungs, and helps to reduce as well as coordinate the acute inflammations caused by TNF.

scholarly journals Phosphatase Shp2 exacerbates intestinal inflammation by disrupting macrophage responsiveness to interleukin-10

2019 ◽  
Vol 216 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Xiao ◽  
Huilun Zhang ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Mingzhu Zheng ◽  
Rongbei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Stat3 Signaling ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Mouse Macrophages ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Further Development

Inflammatory cytokines produced by activated macrophages largely contribute to the pathological signs of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is the predominant anti-inflammatory cytokine in the intestine, and its therapeutic efficacy for IBD has been clinically tested. Nevertheless, how the function of IL-10 is regulated in the intestinal microenvironment remains unknown, which largely hinders the further development of IL-10–based therapeutic strategies. Here, we found that the expression of phosphatase Shp2 was increased in colonic macrophages and blood monocytes from IBD patients compared with those from healthy controls. Shp2 deficiency in macrophages protects mice from colitis and colitis-driven colon cancer. Mechanistically, Shp2 disrupts IL-10–STAT3 signaling and its dependent anti-inflammatory response in human and mouse macrophages. Furthermore, a Shp2-inducing role of TNF-α is unveiled in our study. Collectively, our work identifies Shp2 as a detrimental factor for intestinal immune homeostasis and hopefully will be helpful in the future exploitation of IL-10 immunotherapy for IBD.

Role of the Transcription Factor LYL-1 in the Adult and Fetal Hematopoietic Stem Cells.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 2775-2775
Author(s):  
Claude Capron ◽  
Catherine Lacout ◽  
Yann Lecluse ◽  
Isabelle Poullion ◽  
Fedor Svinarchouk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Binding Motif ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Absolute

Abstract The hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) have the ability to self-renew and to give rise to all blood lineages. These processes occur via a hierarchy of progenitors with progressively more limited differentiation and self-renewal potential and are orchestrated by specialized protein such as transcription factors. LYL-1 protein contains a basic helix-loop-helix DNA binding motif also found in several proteins involved in the control of cellular proliferation and differentiation such as SCL/TAL-1. As LYL-1 shares an 80% homology at the protein level with SCL/TAL-1, we wanted to determine the function of LYL-1 in hematopoiesis and particularly on HSC. For this study, we used knock in lyl-1−/− mice in which exon 4 was replaced by LacZ/Neo cassette. Lyl−/− mice are viable and have normal blood cell counts as well as a normal marrow cellularity. In addition, using a hematopoietic colony forming cells (CFCs) assay, no significant difference was seen in the myeloid CFCs of either lyl-1−/− or lyl-1+/+ BM and FL cells except a 2-fold increase in the absolute number of BFU-E in lyl-1−/− FL as compared to lyl-1+/+ FL. We analyzed more primitive progenitors in details because using Fluorecein Di-beta Galactopyranoside (FDG)-staining assay, we showed that lyl-1 is mainly expressed in primitive Lin− Sca-1+ c-Kit+ cells (LSK) cells from either BM or FL (91 ± 7% and 78 ± 5% of FDG positive cells in lyl-1−/− BM and FL LSK cells, respectively). In addition, analysis of lyl-1−/− and lyl-1+/+ cells revealed a 1.8-fold and 2-fold decrease in the percentage of primitive LSK in BM and FL, respectively, as compared to wild type cells. Furthermore, using the Hoechst 33342 efflux assay, we noticed a significant decrease in the absolute number of more primitive LSK-SP (side population) cells in lyl-1−/− BM as compared to lyl-1+/+ BM cells (52800 ± 5412 cells/femur versus 91080 ± 8475 cells/femur, respectively) suggesting an important role of LYL-1 in the HSC function. In order to confirm this hypothesis, in vivo assays were performed. We observed a 1.5-fold decrease in the lyl-1−/− BM and FL day 12 CFU-S content as compared to lyl-1+/+ cells. Adoptive transfer experiments were subsequently performed using lethally irradiated Ly5.1 mice. Data showed that lyl-1−/− cells from either BM or FL displayed a hematopoietic reconstitution defect in competitive repopulation assays. Indeed, Ly5.1 recipients were injected with a mixture of 5x106 (5:1), 106 (1:1) or 0.5x106 (0.5:1) lyl-1−/− or lyl-1+/+ Ly5.2 expressing cells and 106 competitive BM Ly5.1 expressing cells. All hosts engrafted with lyl-1−/− BM cells shown a significant reduced levels of chimerism (% of circulating Ly5.2+ cells) as compared to hosts engrafted with lyl-1+/+ BM donors (4.3 ± 2.8% (5:1); 7.5 ± 5.5% (1:1); 0.6 ± 0.3% (0.5:1) in lyl-1−/− BM cells versus 66 ± 8% (5:1); 52 ± 9% (1:1); 53 ± 10% (0.5:1) in lyl-1+/+ BM cells) and similar difference was observed with FL donors (45 ± 2% (5:1); 25 ± 5% (1:1); 11 ± 5% (0.5:1) in lyl-1−/− FL cells versus 83 ± 1% (5:1); 70 ± 3% (1:1); 53 ± 6% (0.5:1) in lyl-1+/+ FL cells). This altered defect in HSC was also confirmed using LTC-IC in vitro experiments. Altogether, our results demonstrate an important role of the transcription factor LYL-1 on the maintenance of HSC properties.

Monocyte Shift to a Non-Classical CD14dim/CD16+ Phenotype Correlates with Fetal Hemoglobin Levels in Sickle Cell Anemia Patients Treated with Hydroxyurea

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 817-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kleber Yotsumoto Fertrin ◽  
Dulcinéia Martins Albuquerque ◽  
Carolina Lanaro ◽  
Carla Fernanda Franco-Penteado ◽  
Flavia Rubia Pallis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Fetal Hemoglobin ◽  
Pleiotropic Effect ◽  
Monocyte Subset ◽  
Classical Monocytes ◽  
Intermediate Monocytes

Abstract Abstract 817 Vaso-occlusion in sickle cell anemia (SCA) involves inflammation and cell activation; fetal hemoglobin (HbF) elevation by hydroxyurea (HU) remains the mainstay of SCA treatment. Monocytes are activated in SCA, and their contribution to the chronic inflammatory state includes the production of cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Monocytes are a heterogeneous group of leukocytes subdivided into distinct subsets: classical monocytes comprise over 80% of circulating monocytes, are highly positive for CD14 (CD14bright) and typically CD16-negative, while CD16-positive monocytes have been further subdivided into intermediate CD14bright/CD16+, and non-classical CD14dim/CD16+ monocytes. Intermediate monocytes are recognized as the main monocytic producers of ROS and are increased in inflammatory conditions such as atherosclerosis and sepsis. The less characterized non-classical subset is believed to have a patrolling behavior in blood vessels, does not produce ROS and constitutively produces IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL1-RA). Another relevant subgroup of monocytes expresses angiopoietin-2 receptor TIE2, and the role of TIE2-expressing monocytes (TEMs) has been investigated in angiogenesis in neoplastic diseases. TEMs usually correspond to intermediate monocytes, but their importance in inflammation is still unclear. We hypothesized that monocyte subsets in SCA patients would differ from controls, and that treatment with HU might also influence monocyte phenotypes, thus shedding light on the possible role of these subsets in an inflammatory condition not previously studied. EDTA-anticoagulated peripheral blood samples were collected upon written informed consent from 21 healthy controls (CON, ages 21–63 years) and 34 SCA patients (18 on HU, ages 16–58 years) in steady state, with no transfusion or acute sickling episode in the previous three months. Monocytes were immunophenotyped by flow cytometry on a multicolor FACSCalibur cytometer. Medical history of SCA-associated complications, HbF levels and dosage of HU in mg/kg/day were obtained from medical charts. Statistical analysis was performed on GraphPad Prism 5.0 software. As expected, we found that relative percentage and absolute count of CD16-positive monocytes were higher in SCA patients than in controls. Surprisingly, a significantly higher percentage of non-classical CD14dim/CD16+ monocytes, rather than intermediate cells, was found in SCA patients on HU (SCA-HU) treatment (mean±SEM: CON 2.06±0.43%, SCA 2.91±0.50%, SCA-HU 6.42±0.80%, P<0.0001). TEMs were also increased in SCA patients compared to controls (CON 2.64±0.72%, SCA 20.48±5.40%, SCA-HU 32.97±5.92%, P<0.0001), but HU treatment did not significantly influence TEM counts. Mean TIE2 expression did not vary among the groups, and there was no correlation between TEMs and presence of SCA complications pathophysiologically associated with disturbed angiogenesis, such as pulmonary hypertension, osteonecrosis, leg ulcers and retinopathy. Higher percentages of non-classical monocytes in HU-treated patients were initially interpreted as a possible toxic effect of HU on monocytopoiesis, but the lack of correlation of monocytes subsets with the degree of relative monocytopenia made this hypothesis unlikely. Moreover, we found a significant positive correlation between percentages of non-classical monocytes and HbF levels (rS=0.4763, P=0.0068, see figure). This suggests that successful HU treatment with higher HbF could correlate with the expansion of this particular monocyte subset. During the study period, only one patient was available for comparison before and after HU, but the increase in HbF from 4.2% to 11.6% and in non-classical monocytes from 1.82% to 9.48%, in this case, corroborates that HU therapy may explain this phenotype shift in monocytes. Whether non-classical monocytes expansion represents yet another pleiotropic effect of HU, if these cells are less likely to take part in the vaso-occlusive process and have an antiinflammatory role or, furthermore, if a bone marrow counterpart of this monocyte subset could be involved in increasing HbF production, remains to be investigated. The correlation of the expansion of non-classical monocytes with HbF levels could prove to be an interesting biomarker of response to HU, and future studies may address its clinical usefulness. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Cellular immunity of rabbits incase of parasite association (Treponema cuniculi and Eimeria sp.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (96) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Y. V. Duda
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
T Helpers ◽  
Experimental Group

Despite a huge number of studies, the uniqueness of antiparasitic immunity is so great that there is still insufficient knowledge of the factors contributing to the manifestation of the characteristics of immunity in mixed parasitic diseases of rabbits. Therefore, the question of the influence of the association of pathogens Treponema cuniculi and Eimeria sp. on indicators of cellular immunity of rabbits is relevant. The study was conducted on 59 male rabbits age 3–5 months of the Californian breed, selected by analogy. Animal were separated into two groups: healthy animals (control group) and sick animals (research group). Intensity of invasion was determined by the method of the Mac-Master. It has been established that the level of damage of rabbits by spirochetosis and eimeriosis was, on average, 1155.17 ± 184.87 and 6668.97 ± 284.16 pathogens in 1 g of feces. The count of T- and B-lymphocytes was determined by the method of spontaneous rosette-formation with sheep erythrocytes. Parasitizing the association of pathogens Treponema cuniculi and Eimeria sp. was revealed a high number of leukocytes (1.22 times, P < 0.001), which increased mainly due to lymphocytes, which were 1.45 times higher (P < 0.001), as well as neutrophilic metamyelocytes – 1.48 times (P < 0.05), eosinophils – 1.68 times (P < 0.001) and basophils – 1.57 times (P < 0.001) compared with similar blood parameters of healthy animals. In the blood of sick rabbits, the absolute number of T-lymphocytes (1.56 times, P < 0.001) and B-lymphocytes (3.02 times, P < 0.001) was significantly higher in comparison with a low number of O-lymphocytes (3.46 times, P < 0.001) compared with the control. This indicates the redistribution of lymphocytes to cells that carry T and B lymphocyte receptors on the plasma membrane. The absolute number of T-lymphocytes became high due to T-helpers, which in these animals were higher both in absolute (1.87 times, P < 0.001) and percentage (by 9.18%, P < 0.001) compared to control. Moreover, the percentage of T-suppressors in the blood of rabbits of the experimental group was significantly lower on 5.46% (P < 0.05) compared with the same blood count of healthy animals. Such a redistribution of the T-cell population in the peripheral blood of this group of rabbits led to an increase in the immunoregulatory index by 1.64 times (P < 0.01) than in healthy ones. High IRI and the number of T-active lymphocytes (by 28.23%, P < 0.05) in the blood of rabbits with parasitism of the association of pathogens Treponema cuniculi and Eimeria sp. indicate increased immune system tension.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Curcumin Nanoparticles on Drug-Induced Acute Myocardial Infarction in Diabetic Rats

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boarescu ◽  
Boarescu ◽  
Bocșan ◽  
Gheban ◽  
Bulboacă ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Curcumin Nanoparticles ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

We have investigated the cardio-protective effects of pretreatment with curcumin nanoparticles (CUN) compared to conventional curcumin (CUS) on the changes in oxidative stress parameters and inflammatory cytokine levels during induced acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rats with diabetes mellitus (DM). DM was induced with streptozotocin, and AMI with isoproterenol. Eight groups of seven Wister Bratislava rats were included in the study. The N-C was the normal control group, AMI-C was the group with AMI, DM-C was the group with DM, and DM-AMI-C was the group with DM and AMI. All four groups received saline solution orally during the whole experiment. S-DM-CUS-AMI and S-DM-CUN-AMI groups received saline for seven days prior to DM induction and continued with CUS (200 mg/kg bw, bw = body weight) for S-DM-CUS-AMI and CUN for S-DM-CUN-AMI (200 mg/kg bw) for 15 days before AMI induction. The CUS-DM-CUS-AMI group received CUS (200 mg/kg bw), while the CUN-DM-CUN-AMI received CUN (200 mg/kg bw) for seven days prior to DM induction, and both groups continued with administration in the same doses for 15 days before AMI induction. CUS and CUN prevented elevation of creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase in all groups, with better results in the CUN (S-DM-CUN-AMI and CUN-DM-CUN-AMI groups). CUS and CUN significantly reduced serum levels of oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, the indirect assessment of nitric oxide synthesis, and total oxidative status) and enhanced antioxidative markers (total antioxidative capacity and thiols, up to 2.5 times). All groups that received CUS or CUN showed significantly lower serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β. The best antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects were obtained for the group that received CUN before DM induction (CUN-DM-CUN-AMI group). Pretreatment with CUN proved higher cardio-protective effects exerting an important antioxidative and anti-inflammatory impact in the case of AMI in DM.

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