scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF PROFESSIONAL TRANING OF FORENSIC EXPERT IS IMPORTANT FACTOR FOR DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERT DIDACTIC

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 203-214
Author(s):  
N. M. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Communicative Skills ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Special Knowledge ◽  
Forensic Expert ◽  
High Level ◽  
Specialized Institution ◽  
Expert Support

The article considers improving issues of professional training of forensic expert. Training of forensic expert personnel is one of most important means of providing expert support of justice in the state, since only a high level specialist is able to provide an objective conclusion based on use special knowledge in any kind of legal proceedings. That is why the creation of an effective model of the communicative activity of a forensic expert plays an important role in the training of forensic expert personnel. Some issues of expert staff training in Ukraine and abroad are considered. Obligatory element of the training of subjects of forensic expert activity is the allocation of requirements for their professional speech activity. After all, the level of development of communicative skills and habits directly affects the level of communative competence, in general determines efficiency of work of each individual employee, as well as of the whole system as a whole. Professiography of forensic expert activity subjects is of particular relevance. Professiography is a definite set or system of skills and habits, psychological qualities necessary for the successful performance of professional activity. Author proposes a professiography model of subjects of forensic expert activity, which is an exemplary scheme of a forensic expert professiography. This scheme should include the following components: content of work; professionally important qualities; knowledge, skills, abilities; working conditions; medical contraindications; circumstances preventing a person from performing a forensic expert duties; requirements for professional training; related professions; the range of posts; possibility for performing labor activity by an expert independently or as a legal entity that is not owned a state specialized institution; demand for a profession in the labor market. Author reveals features of indicated components professiogram.

scholarly journals EXPERT PLACE IN THE SYSTEM OF SUBJECTS OF FORENSIC EXPERT ACTIVITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-150
Author(s):  
O. Snigerov ◽  
A. Bublikov ◽  
E. Kurdets
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Judicial Process ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Special Knowledge ◽  
Forensic Expert ◽  
Expert Science

The article notes that one of the most important forms of using special knowledge in the judicial process is the involvement of an expert and the conduct of forensic examination. It is emphasized that the scientists have proved that from the point of view of forensic expert science as a science, forensic-expert activity acts as its object of cognition. However, beyond their attention was the characteristic of the place of an expert in the system of subjects of forensic expert activity. It is stated that forensic-expert activity can be considered as formed and relatively autonomous type of socially useful activity, which closely interacts with law-enforcement activity in general and criminal-procedural in particular in order to meet the needs of legal proceedings. It was emphasized that the development of the SED contributed to the change and further improvement of legal and procedural relations in order to improve their legal status. In this case, entities, with the exception of general ones, have their own specific tasks and, within the limits of their decision, act independently, interacting only when solving general tasks of expert activity. The article emphasizes that forensic and criminal-procedural activities are closely interconnected, sometimes intertwined and repeated, taking into account the peculiarities of the professional activity of the expert. This is due to the fact that in some cases, for example: conducting expert research, he acts as a subject of expert activity, and in case of his involvement in the criminal process, for example: appointment and conducting of examination — becomes a party to criminal proceedings. As a result of the analysis of different approaches to evaluating the properties of professional activity of the expert as a subject of expert activity, it was determined that they can be divided into general (social character, purposefulness, planning, systematic implementation) and special (legal nature, relative independence of the expert, research character, verifiability (checking) of the expert’s activity, initiative, constructiveness, correlation of individuality and collegiality, special socio-psychological atmosphere). It is also emphasized that the qualities of an expert, without which it is impossible to carry out his professional activity, include the knowledge, skills and skills acquired during his studies and professional activities. In this case, a person may perform the functions of an expert in a criminal proceeding in the presence of special and procedural conditions.

scholarly journals Clinical typology and mechanisms of psychogenesis of states of psychological maladaptation of internship doctors

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
V.V. Vyun
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Professional Stress ◽  
Pathogenic Factors ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
Stage System ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Of Motivation

A comprehensive examination of 213 interns of both sexes was carried out. A system of psychotherapeutic correction of maladaptive states and psycho-preventive support of interns during the period of professional training has been developed. Levels of adaptation of internship doctors for professional activity were emphasized: high (14,1 %), average (20,2 %) and low level (65,7 %). It was described the asthenical (25,8 % of men and 22,5 % of women), hypersthenic (20,6 % of men and 23,2 % of women), anxiodepressive (11,3 % and 20,6 % respectively), psychosomatic (14,5 % of men and 18,1 % of women), asthenic-apathetical (12,3 % and 11,2 % respectively) and addictive (15,5 % of men and 4,4 % of women) variants of maladaptive reactions among the internship doctors. The developed model of the formation of disorders of adaptation of internship doctors is presented by a complex of pathogenic factors. It was established that the basis for the formation of maladaptive reactions among the internship doctors is the presence of somatic pathology, craniocerebral injury and neuroinfection in the anamnesis and the tendency to addictive behavior. Prognostically important factors in the formation of adaptation disorders are conflicts of family and professional relations, disturbing suspiciousness, low communicativeness, difficult working conditions, lack of positive emotions, awareness of inadequate level of competence, low level of motivation, and imperfectiveness of mechanisms of psychological protection. Triggers for the development of maladaptive states are the high level of professional stress, depletion of adaptation, prolonged mental stress, frustration of significant basic needs, and high rates of clinical scale of anxiety and depression HDRS. An individualized three-stage system of medical and psychological support during the professional training period, which involves the application of complex psychodiagnostic, psychotherapeutic, psychoeducational and psychoprophylactic influences, has been developed and tested.

scholarly journals MEANS OF COUNTERACTING THE PROVISION OF AN INTENTIONALLY MISLEADING CONCLUSION BY AN EXPERT

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 180-188
Author(s):  
M. V. Shepitko
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Forensic Examination ◽  
Special Knowledge ◽  
Psychological Influence ◽  
Forensic Expert ◽  
The Law ◽  
Misleading Conclusion

The article deals with the problems of counteracting the provision of an intentionally misleading conclusion by an expert. It analyzes the rights, obligations and liabilities of an expert. The research focuses on the fact that a forensic expert differs from other participants to criminal legal proceedings - he/she has special knowledge. According to his/her legal status an expert is engaged in this activity on a permanent basis using the powers given by the Law of Ukraine «On forensic examination» and procedural laws. The article pays particular attention to the forms of obligations undertaken by an expert in the course of a pretrial investigation and trial - warning of criminal liability, the oath by an expert. With this regard the article specifies common and distinctive traits of the abovementioned oaths showing different purposes that the lawmaker had in mind while drafting them. It is important to point out to the conclusion that the mechanism of counteracting the provision of an intentionally misleading conclusion by an expert is a means of psychological influence. This episode may indicate a possibility of excessive intimidation of this participant of the criminal legal proceedings.

scholarly journals Modern Directions of Forensic Experts Primary Training

2020 ◽  
pp. 1662-1670
Author(s):  
Oksana G. D'iakonova
Keyword(s):  
Initial Training ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Effective Form ◽  
Special Knowledge ◽  
Forensic Expert ◽  
Level Of Training ◽  
And Training

No type of legal proceedings is complete without the involvement of experts for the production of expert research or specialists for consultation. In this regard, the question of determining the competence of these subjects by persons conducting the process who do not have special knowledge in the field in which the knowledgeable person specializes is very acute. The author determines the competence of the forensic expert and enumerates other requirements to the expert as a participant in the proceedings. The formation of competence is primarily influenced by the level of training, education of an expert or specialist. The main attention focuses on the disclosure of the main ways of initial training and retraining of forensic experts at the present stage: the traditional way of experts training; specialization in the specialty “Forensic examination”; master’s degree in programs of expert specialties. The existing types of training and retraining of forensic experts in Russia and some foreign countries, including the member States of the Eurasian economic Union (EEU), are analyzed. The traditional way of training of forensic experts and training under the program of specialization are revealed proceeding from historical conditionality and necessity of training of specialists for implementation of forensic activity. The positive and negative features of the training areas are highlighted, taking into account their impact on the formation of the competence of the forensic expert. The author emphasizes the need to develop existing forms of initial training of forensic experts, taking into account the advantages and disadvantages of each of them. The study concludes that it is necessary to apply the subjective criterion in order to determine the effective form of training of forensic experts

scholarly journals TRANSLATORS’ TRAINING: UKRAINIAN EXPERIENCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-135
Author(s):  
Ольга ЛЕМЕШКО ◽  
Валентина ГАПОНОВА
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Professional Programs ◽  
Translator Training ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
High Level ◽  
Educational Professional

The main task of the higher educational establishment is to prepare graduates for modern dynamic national and international labour markets that demands to find the way into teaching practices, which can respond to the created expectations. Nowadays reality of the translation market reveals problems in translator training. Ukrainian teachers and scientists will have to re-think existing translator training programmes in terms of present-day market demands to professionals and to work out comprehensive educational professional programs. They should look for ways how to manage limitations caused by changes in the global situation taking into account that the profession of translator requires profound knowledge in various spheres of life. The successful implementation of future translators depends on their professional training that includes forming of communicative competence and also allows them to perform all the functional responsibilities provided for their profession. The main idea for this article is the relationship between the training process and the profession. The characteristics of today’s translation market have been examined and the issues that are addressed in modern translator training have been analysed. The definition of the term translation has been presented. Characteristics of translator’s professional activity have been distinguished and components of comprehensive educational professional programs were investigated. The requirements for a professional translator should be an integral part of the standard, as they are the subject of further elaboration. In international practice among the most important are the requirements of maintaining a high level of their own professional skills and knowledge, the ability to solve translation problems of a new type, the ability to translate and summarize texts in one language from another, regularly improve their skills. The content of the requirement, the characteristics of professional activity, the necessary knowledge and skills have been determined in the articles.

Сurrent trends of professional training for future specialists in public administration

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Юліана МАЛИК
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Management Communication ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
High Level ◽  
New Generation

One of the most important terms for the development of modern Ukrainian society is the need for training such experts in any field, which are able to carry out their professional activity effectively, especially in conditions of the constant changes in the social and economic environment. Reforms in many spheres of Ukrainian society's life cause the needs for highly qualified specialists of the new generation who, after graduating from higher education establishments, receive, in addition to deep theoretical knowledge, practical training for performing high-level professional activities that will lead Ukraine to new world standards. Thus, in this article author exposes current tendencies of professional training for specialists in public administration. The professional activity of managers in any field is considered as a system of actions aimed at solving professional tasks within the framework of management communication. The author emphasizes that taking into account the current trends that have been studied in this scientific work, it is important to notice that the field of public administration is a complex formation of interrelated elements and the effectiveness of this will depend on a qualitative system of professional training for future specialists.

scholarly journals The Formation of Professional Thinking for Future Technology Teachers

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Anatolii Brekhunets
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Pedagogical Practices ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Future Technology ◽  
Technology Teachers ◽  
The Future ◽  
Technology Teacher ◽  
Industrial Level ◽  
High Level

The article discusses the problem of the formation of the future Technology teachers’ professional thinking. The concept of «professional thinking of the Technology teacher» is clarified, which is considered as the features of the teacher’s thinking, letting him/her perform professional and pedagogical tasks successfully at a high level of mastery: quickly, accurately solve both the ordinary and extraordinary tasks of teaching and upbringing students in an original way. It has been established that the professional training of Technology teachers is a multi-faceted and time-consuming process. On the one hand, the student must master various work operations and technological processes at the industrial level or close to it, and on the other hand it must have general pedagogical knowledge and methods of their sharing. The peculiarities of the formation of the future Technology teachers’ professional thinking are determined by their activity specifics, which is defined by the goals, tasks, content, external and internal conditions, means, difficulties, features of the mental processes occurrence, motivation displays, the state of a person and a team towards the implementation of management and guidance. That is why the formation of the Technology teachers’ professional thinking should be carried out in an integral system of educational process at a pedagogical institution of higher education, and the methods of teaching students technologies to solve pedagogical tasks should be widely used at training sessions and pedagogical practices, contributing to the professional thinking formation. Moreover the research proves the necessity of wider informational technologies elements’ application with the use of computerized and audio-visual complexes as leading means and a leader, which allow synthesizing the intellectual components of professional thinking and activating its structural components development. The benefit of the article is the defined conditions for the formation of the future Technology teachers professional thinking, they are: a motivation, new means of mastering professional activity, a mental activity intensification, the scientifically substantiated selection of educational material, students’ age possibilities and individual peculiarities. As a result, the article reveals the need to include the material that reflects the specifics of the future Technology teachers professional thinking formation to the content of their subject and psychological and pedagogical training, as well as to combine individual and collective forms of students' work in the process of forming a professional thinking and to carry out a step-by-step control and correction of the future Technology teacher professional thinking formation.

scholarly journals Speech Analysis in Legal Proceedings: Urgent Needs, Problems and Ways to Solve Them

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-18
Author(s):  
E. I. Galyashina
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Speech Analysis ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Inadmissible Evidence ◽  
Forensic Institutions ◽  
Special Knowledge ◽  
Effective Use

The article describes the problems in legal proceedings that impede effective use of special knowledge of speech necessary to qualify offenses committed by means of speech actions. Among them the imperfection of the current legislation on forensic expert activity is mentioned, where there are no uniform professional qualifications and requirements for state forensic experts and persons who are not the employees of state forensic institutions and who are quite often involved in the conduct of linguistic expertise, authorship and phonogram examinations. It is stated that due to the lack of professional training in forensic specialties of such non-state experts, the quality of their speech analysis does not meet the need of the legal community and civil society in objective and effective examinations, the results of which could be used in trial. If the incompetence of non-state experts is revealed, their opinions are recognized as an inadmissible evidence, reexaminations are assigned to the state forensic institutions, which significantly delays the proceedings. It is proposed to legislate the mandatory certification for nonstate experts, to unify the procedure of additional professional education in the field of specific expert’s specialties for state and non-state forensic experts. In order to solve the problems mentioned above it is proposed to develop and implement a passport for each forensic specialty, a single nomenclature of forensic specialties corresponding to the types of forensic speech examinations, to unify additional professional retraining and professional development programs.

scholarly journals Professional Training of Future Masters of Education in the Conditions of Dual Teaching

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-55
Author(s):  
Yuliia Bahno
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Dual Form ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Education Training ◽  
High Level ◽  
Master Of Education

The current stage of development of higher education in Ukraine is characterized by a special intensity and scale of transformations, which envisage the formation of a holistic educational space based on the unification of national educational services markets, conditioned by globalization and integration processes. The training of scientific-pedagogical and pedagogical workers of higher educational institutions is considered in this context as an important prerequisite that ensures the modernization of education. In these conditions, the renewal of the content of the Master of Education training is of particular importance, it will equip a future teacher with the skills to integrate special psychological-pedagogical, methodological and didactic knowledge in the conditions of professional activity. A guideline on this issue is that European standards and recommendations for graduate students are formulated in the Dublin Descriptors and the European Qualification Framework. These European benchmarks, as well as the expansion of academic freedoms, changing educational paradigms require a fundamentally new content, methods and forms of the Master of Education training, the purpose of which is to shape the personality of a student as a teacher and professional of an institution of higher education who is able to independently and creatively think and act. The staff of the department of pedagogics of Pereiaslav- Khmelnytskyi Hryhorii Skovoroda State Pedagogical University developed the concept of educational activities in the specialty 011 Educational, pedagogical sciences, fields of knowledge 01 Education / Pedagogy. The concept provides for the formation of masters of education integrated competence, general and professional competencies. The development of these competencies will be facilitated by the introduction of a dual form of higher education. The dual form of getting higher education is a way of getting an education; it provides for a combination of training of applicants of higher education in institutions of higher education with training in workplaces in institutions, organizations and enterprises for obtaining certain qualifications, usually on the basis of a contract, with the performance of official duties. The high level of the Master of Education professional training in the conditions of the dual form of education is possible due to the mastering of the basics of the professional teaching activity of the teacher of the institution of higher education in real conditions; application of modern educational technologies of practical activity; the methodological readiness of a master of education to implement the educational process in institutions of higher education.

scholarly journals Formation of legal culture of cadets of the National guard of Ukraine in professional training process

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Koba O.V. ◽  
◽  
Koba M. M. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
National Guard ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
Personal Consciousness ◽  
High Level

The article reveals the main provisions of the legal culture of cadets of the National Guard of Ukraine in the process of professional training, in the context of defining its essence, functions and mechanism. The content of legal culture is analyzed considering the fact that the changes take place in the system of vocational education, public relations, and personal consciousness. The concept of the legal culture of cadets of the National Guard of Ukraine, we understand as the integrative personal quality, characterized by a valued attitude to law, conscious application of legal knowledge in professional activities based on intellectual, moral, reflective and communicative qualities of an individual. Peculiarities of professional activity of military personnel of the National Guard of Ukraine strengthen the requirements to the legal culture of future officers, who must be able to determine their worldview priorities and to be responsible for their behavior. The formation of the legal culture of future officers directly depends on the level and quality of their professional training in higher educational institution. An important role in the formation of the legal culture of future officers of the National Guard of Ukraine is played by worldview education, carried out by military commanders through perfect, focused on universal values, knowledge, skills and abilities within their worldview competence. The professional training of cadets of the National Guard of Ukraine in a higher educational institution should be based on the norms of morality, ethics, religion, corporate norms and traditions, which also form the legal basis of their professional activity. The presence of a high level of legal culture of the future officers of the National Guard of Ukraine after graduating from higher educational institution is a mandatory condition for the quality performance of their professional responsibilities. Considering the current needs for training military personnel in the structure of the National Guard of Ukraine as high-level professionals, with the appropriate level of legal awareness and legal professional culture, it is necessary to clarify the concept, essence, content, functions and forms of legal education of cadets of the National Guard of Ukraine as the basics of their future professional activity. Key words: legal culture, cadets of the National Guard of Ukraine, education, vocational training

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