scholarly journals Does diphenyl diselenide metaphylaxis increase weight gain and immunoglobulin G in holstein calves from the neonatal period to weaning?

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-61
Author(s):  
Cláudia Medeiros Rodrigues ◽  
◽  
Marla Schneider ◽  
Juliana Sorraila de Oliveira ◽  
Silvana Giacomini Collet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Diphenyl Diselenide ◽  
Increase Weight Gain ◽  
Holstein Calves

scholarly journals Some Environmental Factors Affecting Birth Weight, Weaning Weight and Daily Live Weight Gain of Holstein Calves

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erdal Yaylak ◽  
Hikmet Orhan ◽  
Alim Daşkaya
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Weaning Age ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Holstein Calves

The present study was conducted to determine some environmental factors affecting birth weight, weaning weight and daily live weight gain of Holstein calves of a livestock facility in Izmir, Turkey. The data on 2091 calves born between the years 2005-2010 were used to assess the relevant parameters. Effects of calving year, calving month, calf gender and the interaction between calving year and calving month on calves’ birth weights were highly significant. The overall mean of birth weights was 39.6±0.15 kg. In addition, effects of calving year, calving month, gender, birth weight, weaning age, calving year x calving month, calving year x gender and calving year x calving month x gender interactions on weaning weight (WW) and daily live weight gain (DLWG) were highly significant. The overall means of WW and DLWG were respectively found to be 79.7±0.20 kg and 525±2.5 g. A one kilogram increase in birth weight resulted in an increase of 0.89 kg in weaning weight and a decrease of 1.26 g in daily live weight gain. Prenatal temperature-humidity index (THI) affected birth weight of calves (R2=0.67). Increasing THI from 50 to 80 resulted in 3.8 kg decrease in birth weight.

Effect of different levels of digestible lysine on performance, and blood parameters of male and female broilers in the starter period

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 221-221
Author(s):  
F Alemi ◽  
M Shivazad ◽  
M Zaghari ◽  
H Moravej ◽  
A Mahdavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Increase Weight Gain ◽  
Improve Body Composition ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
The Ideal

Lysine is the reference amino acid (AA) in the ideal AA ratios for chickens. Feed formulation based on digestible AA has been shown to increase weight gain and feed intake and improve body composition in broilers. Amino acid (AA) in most feed ingredients will not be totally digested, and knowledge of such efficiency is important in formulating diets and will be used to eliminate differences in absorption efficiencies due to feedstuff sources. This study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance and blood parameters of broilers fed various levels of DL (Digestible Lysine) supplemented in diets from day 1 to day 18.

THE EFFECT OF LEVEL AND FREQUENCY OF FEEDING WHOLE MILK ON BODY WEIGHT GAIN AND FEED CONVERSION OF CALVES

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-476
Author(s):  
L. J. FISHER ◽  
FRANK VAN MERLE
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Milk Feeding

Thirty-two male Holstein calves, beginning at 1 wk of age, were used to estimate differences in weight gain between two feeding levels and two feeding frequencies over a period of 3 wk. Calves were randomly assigned to one of the following four treatments: whole milk (WM) fed at 10% of body weight (BW) twice a day; WM fed at 10% BW, three times a day; WM fed at 12% of BW, in two feedings per day, or WM fed at 12% of BW, in three feedings per day. Body weight gains and feed conversions were 279 and 437 g per day and 12.02 and 9.51 kg whole milk per kilogram of gain for the 10 and 12% levels of feeding, respectively. There was a trend towards increased rate of gain and improved feed efficiency when calves were fed twice compared to three times a day. Cost of medication was not influenced by level or frequency of feeding. It was concluded from this study that feeding whole milk at 12% of body weight was preferable to feeding at the 10% level of intake. Key words: Milk feeding, level, frequency, dairy calves

scholarly journals Beef performance of Holstein calves slaughtered at 300 kg of live weight

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustav Chládek ◽  
Daniel Falta
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Holstein Bulls ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this work was to quantify basic feedlot performance and carcass value characteristics of Holstein bulls slaughtered as “young cattle” at 300 kg of live weight. The observation was carried out in a group of 12 Holstein bulls fattened in identical conditions and fed on a diet consisting of ad libitum amount of crushed grain (barley and wheat) and a limited amount of protein concentrate.The mean overall values were as follows: age and live weight at slaughter 275.9 days and 299.3 kg, daily weight gain and net weight gain since birth 0.962 kg and 0.527 kg, dressing percentage 48.3%, weight of cold right carcass half 71.0 kg, weight of bones 17.5 kg, weight of muscle 53.0 kg and separable fat 0.54 kg. The mean weight of hide was 21.6 kg. The great majority of calves were classified as O2, one calf graded R2. The forequarter to hindquarter ratio was 1.4 with mean weights 29.1 kg and 41.9 kg. The mean weight of neck was 3.9 kg, chuck 3.6 kg, shoulder 5.9 kg, fore shank 3.4 kg, loin 4.1 kg, filet 1.5 kg, round 18.2 kg and hind shank 1.3 kg. We found highly significant (P<0.01) coefficients of correlation between carcass weight and live weight at slaughter (r=0.963) or daily weight gain (r=0.723). Net weight gain since birth was highly significantly (P<0.01) correlated to live weight at slaughter (r=0.723) or to daily weight gain (r=0.982) and significantly correlated (P<0.05) to age at slaughter (r= –0.665).Despite the average or worse-than-average feedlot performance parameters our experimental Holstein bulls had an adequate proportion of muscle (comparable with other literature sources), a high ratio of bones and a very low proportion of fat. Thanks to small meat trim, weights of the main dissection parts of fore-and hindquarters were comparable to those usually found in young Holstein bulls.

scholarly journals Immunoglobulin G response and performance in Holstein calves supplemented with garlic powder and probiotics

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.W. Kekana ◽  
V.F. Nherera-Chokuda ◽  
J.J. Baloyi ◽  
C.M. Muya
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Garlic Powder ◽  
Serum Igg ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Natural Herb ◽  
Serum Igg Levels ◽  
Faecal Score

The study evaluated the effects of garlic, probiotics, and in combination on levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and growth performance in new-born Holstein calves. Thirty-two Holstein calves were randomly allocated to treatments at four days old and were maintained on them until they were 42 days old. The treatments consisted of control (C), garlic powder at 5 g/calf/day (GA), probiotics at 4 g/calf/day (PB), and the combination of garlic and probiotics (GP). Bodyweight, body length and heart girth measurements were taken to determine growth and blood was drawn to determine glucose and IgG. Faecal score and body temperature were recorded daily. Calves in GA and GP had higher IgG levels than calves in C and PB (28.0 g/L and 27.5 g/L versus 23.5 g/L and 25.5 g/L, respectively). Calves in GP and PB groups had lower faecal scores than C and GA (2.1 and 2.1 versus 2.3 and 2.2, respectively). Supplementation of GA, PB, and in combination did not affect feed intake and growth performance negatively, but improved serum IgG levels. Higher serum IgG in GP may indicate an improved intake and utilisation of nutrients that are responsible for immunity modulation and regulation. Probiotics and their combinations with garlic have the potential to reduce the incidence of diarrhoea when fed to young calves. Keywords: dairy neonates, direct-fed microbes, natural herb

scholarly journals Effect of quality of colostrum on health, growth and immunoglobulin G concentration in Holstein calves in a hot environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (9) ◽  
pp. 1327-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Mellado ◽  
Edir Torres ◽  
Francisco G. Veliz ◽  
Angeles de Santiago ◽  
Ulises Macias-Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Hot Environment ◽  
Holstein Calves

scholarly journals Passive Transfer of Immunoglobulin G and Preweaning Health in Holstein Calves Fed a Commercial Colostrum Replacer

2007 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 3857-3866 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Swan ◽  
S. Godden ◽  
R. Bey ◽  
S. Wells ◽  
J. Fetrow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Passive Transfer ◽  
Holstein Calves

scholarly journals Variation in colostral immunoglobulin G concentration in fat tailed sheep and evaluation of methods for estimation of colostral immunoglobulin content

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeid Tabatabaei ◽  
Gholamreza Nikbakht ◽  
Mahmood Vatankhah ◽  
Hamid Sharifi ◽  
Naser Alidadi
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Zinc Sulphate ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Radial Immunodiffusion ◽  
Litter Type ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Single Radial Immunodiffusion ◽  
Biuret Method ◽  
Turbidity Method ◽  
Method R

In ruminants, colostrum is a vital source of immunoglobulins that provide passive immunity for their offspring during the neonatal period. It is suggested that colostral immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration varies between and within breeds and could also be affected by maternal factors. The aim of this study was to investigate possible effects of litter type and ewe parturition number on colostral IgG concentration in two Iranian fat-tailed breeds of sheep (Shaul and Lori Bakhtyari) as well as usefulness of different methods for estimation of IgG concentrations in colostrum. The colostral IgG concentrations were measured in 38 Shaul and 59 Lori Bakhtyari ewes by single radial immunodiffusion, zinc sulphate turbidity and Biuret methods. Measurement of IgG by single radial immunodiffusion revealed that Lori Bakhtyari ewes had significantly (P < 0.05) lower colostral IgG levels (48.82 ± 2.10 mg/ml) than Shaul ewes (62.86 ± 2.48). With regard to the effect of litter type and parturition number, a significant (P < 0.05) difference in IgG concentration of colostrum was only observed between the first (65.17 ± 5.74 mg/ml) and third parturition (41.10 ± 4.60 mg/ml) of Lori Bakhtyari ewes. The colostral IgG concentration was not associated with ewe serum IgG concentration (P > 0.05). The mortality rate was higher in lambs born to ewes with lower IgG in their colostrum. Single radial immunodiffusion did not correlate either with zinc sulphate turbidity method (r = -0.253, P > 0.05) or with Biuret method (r = -0.005, P > 0.05). We can conclude that concentration of colostral IgG could be influenced by breed but not by litter type and parturition number.

scholarly journals Bodyweight at Birth and Growth Rate during the Neonatal Period in Three Canine Breeds

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Schrank ◽  
Antonio Mollo ◽  
Barbara Contiero ◽  
Stefano Romagnoli
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
The Third ◽  
Early Weight Gain ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Neonatal Growth ◽  
Daily Gain

Weight at birth (bBW) and early weight gain have been linked to the risk of neonatal mortality. Pups are described to be of low bBW if weighing less than one standard deviation (SD) below the mean. Most studies classified breeds according to their expected adult bodyweight. Our aim was to evaluate the breed specificity of these parameters. We assessed the bBW of 213 puppies of Bernese Mountain Dog (BMD), Tibetan Terrier (TT), and Lhasa Apso (LA) breeds, as well as the neonatal growth rate of 133 puppies of BMD and TT. BMD puppies were born relatively smaller than puppies of TT and LA (p ≤ 0.0001) and gained less weight than TT puppies during the first 14 days (p ≤ 0.05). Litter size had a significant impact on bBW and daily gain until the onset of the third week for BMD (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0005, respectively) and TT (p = 0.0003 and p = 0.0064, respectively). When using bBW means and SD specifically assessed according to breed, 29 out of the 213 neonates of our study were judged as being of low bBW, whereas, when using the classical criteria (based on breed groups), the number of low bBW pups was 160 of 213. These results suggest that evaluations of bBW and neonatal growth should be performed in a breed-specific manner.

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