scholarly journals EFFECT OF TESTOSTERONE REPLACEMENT ON EPITHELIAL AND STROMAL TISSUE IN PROSTATIC LOBE IN ORCHIDECTOMIZED WISTAR

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudi Irawan ◽  
Aaron T. Sihombing
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Normal Structure ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Testosterone Replacement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distributed Data ◽  
Stromal Tissue ◽  
Epithelial Structure ◽  
Prostatic Atrophy ◽  
And Control

Objective: To evaluate the effect of testosterone replacement on epithelial and stromal changes of prostatic lobes in castrated wistar rats. Material & Method: The subjects were 30 wistars equally assigned to castrated + testosterone replacement group (n = 10), castrated group (n = 10), and control group (n = 10). After 60 days, prostatectomy was performed in all rats and prostatic specimens were analyzed by haematoxylin eosin (HE) staining under microscope. Semi–quantitative analysis was performed by evaluating growth of epithelial structure and loss of fibromuscular stroma. Results were analyzed using ANOVA test method for normally distributed data. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. Results: There was significant reversibility in castration + testosterone replacement groups in all prostatic lobes compared with castration groups (p = 0,010).There were 5 rats showing normal structure of prostate gland compared to control groups in all prostatic lobes (50%), and 5 showed hyperplasia in all prostatic lobes (50%). Conclusion: Testosterone deprivation can cause prostatic atrophy. Dominant atrophy was found in ventral and lateral lobes. Testosterone replacement can prevent atrophy in all prostatic lobes regardless of specific prostatic lobes.Keywords: Testosterone deprivation, testosterone replacement, prostatic lobes.

scholarly journals Effects of Breathing Exercises on Lung Volumes and Capacities Among Smokers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Iman Zahra ◽  
Maria Liaqat ◽  
Ummara Qadeer
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distributed Data ◽  
Deep Breathing ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Breathing Exercise ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: To determine the effect of deep breathing exercises on lung volumes and capacities among smokers. Methodology: The participants were divided into a control group and an experimental group. The control group was not given any treatment, while the experimental group performed deep breathing exercise techniques. The experimental group performed exercises for six weeks. After six weeks lung function tests were performed to evaluate the effects. Data were compared at baseline and after the intervention. To check within the group's changes paired sample t-test was used. To check between groups changes independent sample t-test was used for normally distributed data. Results: In the experimental group, significant changes (p ≤ 0.05) were observed after the intervention. While comparing groups, significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) were observed in some variables between experimental and control groups.Conclusion: It was concluded that deep breathing exercises are useful among smokers. As deep breathing helps in improving lung volumes and capacities.

scholarly journals Histopathological alterations in the reproductive tract of male dogs with Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 665
Author(s):  
Andrea Lantiere Correa de Barros ◽  
Ariane Pereira Benites ◽  
Nathália Lopes Fontoura Mateus ◽  
Carlos Eurico dos Santos Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Serology Test ◽  
And Control

Dogs are considered the main domestic host of Leishmania infantum. The transmission between vertebrate hosts normally occurs during blood feeding of Lutzomyia sp., a genus of phlebotomine sand flies. However, other forms of transmission without a vector have been reported. Presence of amastigotes of Leishmania sp. in different organs can cause several pathologies depending on the immune status of the host and the parasite load. The aim of this study was to evaluate histopathological changes in the reproductive tract of male dogs. Samples of testes, epididymis, and prostate gland were collected from 70 animals that were grouped according to serology test results for visceral leishmaniasis and clinical symptoms. Three experimental groups were formed based on serological results and clinical presentation: asymptomatic, symptomatic and control. Prostatic changes were seen regardless of the serological results; however, the changes were more severe in symptomatic animals. In the testes and epididymis, lesions such as interstitial infiltrate, degeneration, and fibrosis were seen more frequently and were more severe in positive animals when compared to the control group. These results demonstrate that dogs infected with Leishmania sp. can develop nonspecific changes in the reproductive tract, which are more severe in symptomatic animals.

scholarly journals CONVERGES OF SKY YOGA AND KAYAKALPA ON THE CORE MUSCLE STRENGTH AND AGEING FACTOR

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
K. Krishnaveni ◽  
M. Jothilakshmi*
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mental Ability ◽  
Not Given ◽  
The Core ◽  
Group I ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Neurological System

INTRO: Today's generation children are growing faster in all aspects mentally,physiologically and physically too than before generation.The life span of the human being got reduced to averagely 63 age,value tells more than the words and What will be the future? Are the children are not going to see their grandfather and grandmother? These are the question which lead this study to overtaken. METHOD:The college boys from in and around Coimbatore were selected as subjects for the propose of study.The total 60 subjects were selected and they age in 18 to 21 years.Then subjects were divided into three groups,each containing 20 members.Experimental Group I given SKY yoga with Kayakalpa training and Experimental Group II were given only SKY yoga training for 5 days in week for 10 weeks and control group not given any training. RESULTS:The study shown that there was improvement in the coordination of hand- mind and ability to think measured by Shuttle cross pick-up test method to the Experimental groups I & II than the subjects in control group. The coordination of hand- mind has increased this shown that SKY yoga effects the neurological system and mental ability of the body. CONCLUSION: The result shown that SKY Yoga with Kayakalpa on college students has positively impact on the core muscles and ageing factor

scholarly journals Pengaruh Model Discovery Learning Pada Mata Pelajaran IPA Terpadu Terhadap Penguasaan Literasi Sains Siswa

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Uli Ulfa ◽  
Ernawati Saptaningrum ◽  
Affandi Faisal Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Discovery Learning ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Learning ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Last Stage ◽  
And Control ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

<p class="AbstractEnglish"><strong>Abstract:</strong><strong> </strong>This research motivated by the result of evaluation student’s ability in literacy science through test PISA more declined. Student’s ability in literacy science influenced by learning model. Learning model reputed can increase student’s ability in literacy science is model discovery learning, because discovery learning modified between invention and investigation problem, so it can increase student’s comprehension of concept applied in daily activity. Purpose of this research is to know influenced model discovery learning at sience integrated to authority student’s literacy science. Design of this research is nonequivalent control Group Design. Location of this research is SMP N I on 16-23 May 2016. Method to take data was used test and non-test method they are pretest and posttest, quesioner, and observation sheet. The Test used question of PISA 2009 and it has been translated into Indonesian language. Above to first stage of data analysis concerning result of prestest trough normalities dan homogeniety test showed that both of experiment and control class was normal and homogen. Result of students' ability to answer science questions of PISA at the fastest stage for experiment and control class have averaged 60 and 61, both of the sample classes have value of average which almost same. Above to last stage of data analysis through t-test showed that tcount &lt; ttable therefore Ho was received. The conclusion of this research is there is not influence of model discovery learning at science integrated to authority student’s literacy science. Model discovery learning can’t influenced to student’s literacy science because at the first stage to introduce PISA question, students need teacher’s intensive guidance, it’s antipodes with model discovery learning which in applied of model discovery learning, students ask to learn by them self antonomously, therefore it will be effective if used model contextual learning at introduced stage of literacy science and PISA’s question.</p><p class="KeywordsEngish"> </p><p class="AbstrakIndonesia"><strong>Abstrak: </strong>Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh hasil evaluasi kemampuan litersi sains siswa di Indonesia melalui tes PISA semakin menurun. Kemampuan literasi sains siswa salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh model pembelajaran. Model pembelajaran yang dianggap mampu meningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains siswa adalah model discovery learning, karena model ini memodifikasi antara penemuan dan penyelidikan dalam memecahkan masalah sehingga dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa yang dapat diterapkan di lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model discovery learning pada mata pelajaran IPA Terpadu  terhadap penguasaan literasi sains  siswa. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Noneequivalent Control Group Desain. Lokasi penelitian adalah SMP Negeri I Tayu pada tanggal 16 sampai 23 Mei 2016. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa dari kelas VII. Sampel terdiri dari dua kelas yang diambil degan teknik cluster random sampling.  Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode tes yaitu pretest dan postest, angket, dan lembar observasi. Tes  yang diberikan menggunakan soal-soal yang diperoleh dari soal PISA 2009. Hasil kemampuan siswa dalam menjawab soal sains PISA pada tahap postest kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol mempunyai rata-rata sebesar 60 dan 61,. Berdasarkan analisis tahap akhir dengan menggunakan uji t menyatakan bahwa t<sub>hitung</sub>&lt;t<sub>tabel </sub> yaitu t<sub>0,281</sub>&lt; t<sub>0,559</sub> olehkarenaitu H<sub>0</sub>diterima.<sub>.</sub>Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada pengaruh model discovery learning pada mata pelajaran IPA Terpadu terhadap penguasaan literasi sains siswa. Model discovery learning tidak memberi pengaruh terhadap penguasan literasi sains siswa karena pada tahap pengenalan soal PISA siswa membutuhkan tuntunan dan bimbingan guru secara intensif, hal ini berlawanan dengan model discovery learning dimana dalam penggunaan model discovery learning ini siswa di tuntut untuk belajar mandiri untuk menemukan dan menyelidiki suatu masalah, oleh karena itu akan lebih efektif jika dugunakan model pembelajaran langssung  pada tahap pengenalan soal-saoal terjemahan PISA.</p>

scholarly journals The Comparison of the Effectiveness of Structural Couple Therapy and Redecision couple Therapy Method on the Reduction of Marital Conflicts in Infertile Couples

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-84
Keyword(s):  
Marital Conflict ◽  
Couple Therapy ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Marital Conflicts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Infertile Couples ◽  
And Control

Background: Marital conflict results from the disharmony of husband and wife needs and the way to meet them, egocentrism, difference in requests and irresponsible behavioral schemas for marital relationship and marriage. The goal of the current study is to compare the effectiveness of structural couple therapy and re-decision couple therapy on the reduction of marital conflicts in infertile couples of Sanandaj. Materials and Methods: to do this goal semi experimental pre and post test method using to control and experimental groups was applied. Statistical population of this research was infertile couples referring to infertility center of Besat Hospital in Sanandaj in 2018 who were selected by convenient sampling method and replaced randomly on 3 groups of 12 persons. To collecting data, marital conflicts questionnaire was used. Data were analyzed using statistical tests of multivariate analysis of covariance and spss-22 software. Results: The results showed that cooperation component (F=14.17, P<0.001), decreased sex (F=28.53, P<0.009), increasing emotional reactions (F=16.99, P<0.001), increasing personal relationship with onechr('39')s relatives (F=24.02, P<0.001), decreasing family relationship with spousechr('39')s friends and relatives (F=21.81, P<0.001), separating financial affairs from each other (F=18.70, P<0.001), decreasing effective relationship (F=28.53, P<0.001), but there is no significant difference between three groups of experimental and control in increasing childrenchr('39')schr('39') support component (F=0.091, P<0.05). There is a significant difference between the effectiveness of the Minuchin structural couple therapy and the re-decision couple therapy and control group in decreasing marital conflict (P<0.001). Conclusion: the results showed the importance of couple-therapy Interventions through re-decision on decreasing marital conflicts in infertile couples. Generally, the results indicated that Minuchin structural couple therapy is more effective than re-decision couple therapy on decreasing marital conflicts in infertile couples.

scholarly journals Could the methylation of RASSF1A be the potential epigenetic biomarker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma? – Systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thuan Duc Lao ◽  
Hue Hong Thieu ◽  
Dung Huu Nguyen ◽  
Thuy Ai Huyen Le
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Suppressor Gene ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Gene Methylation ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Epigenetic Biomarker ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: RASSF1A is a tumor suppressor gene. The methylation of RASSF1A has been reported to be associated with the nasopharyngeal tumorigenesis. However, the heterogeneity was high among different studies. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the value of RASSF1A methylation for diagnosing and early screening NPC. Methods: Relevant articles were identified by searching MEDLINE database. The frequency and Odds ratio (OR) were applied to estimate the effect of CDH-1 methylation based on random-/fix-effect models. A meta-analysis was performed by using MedCalc® software. The subgroup analyses were performed by test-method, ethnicity, source of NPC samples to determine likely sources of heterogeneity. Results: Total of 16 studies, included 1,548 samples: 1,095 samples from NPC samples, and 453 from non-cancerous samples, were enrolled in the meta-analysis. The overall frequency of RASSF1A methylation were 59.22% and 1.72% in case-group and control-group, respectively. By removing the poor relative studies, the heterogeneity was not observed among included studies. The association between the RASSF1A gene methylation and risk of NPC was also confirmed by calculating OR value of 37.74 (95%OR = 20.07-70.98) in fix-effect model (Q = 13.56, p = 0.48, I2 = 0.00, 95% CI = 0.00-52.19). Additionally, the significant association was also found between the methylation of RASSF1A gene and subgroups. Conclusion: This was the first meta-analysis provided scientific evidences to suggest the RASSF1A methylation was the potential diagnosis, prognosis and early screening biomarker for NPC.

scholarly journals Assessment and comparison of the effects of two techniques on hamstring flexibility

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-589
Author(s):  
Marcelo Tavella Navega ◽  
Bruna Paleari ◽  
Mary Hellen Morcelli
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distributed Data ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation ◽  
Hamstring Flexibility ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
And Control

Introduction There are several stretching techniques that help increase flexibility, however, there are still questions regarding which method leads to the most effective gains. Objectives To assess and compare the effects of two stretching techniques, namely proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) and static stretching on the flexibility of hamstring muscles of young women. Methods The study sample consisted of 45 young women, mean age 20.45 (± 1.66),assigned to one of three groups: static stretching group (SSG, n = 15), proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation group (PNFG, n = 15) and control group (CG, n = 15). Both SSG and PNFG carried out three weekly stretching sessions over a four-week period. The sit and reach and popliteal angle tests were used at the beginning and end of the intervention. Normally distributed data were analyzed using Student’s t-test, whereas data with non-normal distribution were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, to compare initial and end measurements for each technique. Finally, we used the Mann-Whitney U test to compare both techniques with each other. A significance level of 5% (p < 0.05) was adopted. Results There was a significant increase in hamstring flexibility when analyzing the assessments and reassessments of both stretching protocols. Conclusions Both techniques were effective in increasing hamstring flexibility and there were no significant differences to indicate which one is better in increasing the flexibility of this muscle group.

scholarly journals Could the methylation of RASSF1A be the potential epigenetic biomarker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma? – Systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thuan Duc Lao ◽  
Hue Hong Thieu ◽  
Dung Huu Nguyen ◽  
Thuy Ai Huyen Le
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Suppressor Gene ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Gene Methylation ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Epigenetic Biomarker ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: RASSF1A is a tumor suppressor gene. The methylation of RASSF1A has been reported to be associated with the nasopharyngeal tumorigenesis. Aiming to evaluate the association between the RASSF1A gene methylation and nasopharyngeal cancer, and its correlation could be used as an epigenetic biomarker for NPC cancer risk based on meta-analysis.Methods: Relevant articles were identified by searching MEDLINE database. The frequency and Odds ratio (OR) were applied to estimate the effect of CDH-1 methylation based on random-/fix-effects models. Furthermore, subgroup analyses were performed by test-method, ethnicity, source of NPC samples.Results: Total of 16 studies, included 1,766 samples: 1,178 samples from NPC samples, and 588 samples from non-cancerous samples, were enrolled in the meta-analysis. The overall frequency of RASSF1A methylation were 55.98% and 1.70% in case-group and control-group, respectively. By removing the poor relative studies, the heterogeneity was not observed among included studies. The association between the RASSF1A gene methylation and risk of NPC was also confirmed by calculating OR value of 51.43 (95%OR = 28.12-94.08) in fix-effects model (Q = 10.63, p = 0.99, I2 = 0.00, 95% CI = 0.00-0.00). Additionally, the significant association was also found between the methylation of RASSF1A gene and subgroups.Conclusion: this was the first meta-analysis provided scientific evidences to suggest the RASSF1A methylation was the potential biomarker for risk of NPC.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of the construction of the placentary complex and the main causes of perinatal losses

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Lidiia A. Ivanova ◽  
Elena V. Titkova
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Death ◽  
Perinatal Death ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Normal Structure ◽  
Placental Insufficiency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Fetoplacental Complex ◽  
Ascending Infection ◽  
And Control

The article presents the analysis of the massometric parameters of the fetoplacental complex (weight of the placenta of full-term newborns, placental-fetal coefficient (PPC), linear mass of the umbilical cord (LMU). Indicators that alarm the neonatologist doctor as possible markers of perinatal losses are: a decrease in the placenta mass, an increase in PPC, high LMU (a consequence of ascending bacterial infection (funiculitis) and the development of circulatory umbilical edema in acute right ventricular failure, for example, in viral atrial myocarditis). A histological study of newborn children of the main and control group was carried out to identify the main types of histological structure of the placenta: normal structure, ascending infection of the placenta, hematogenous infection of the placenta, chronic placental insufficiency, acute placental insufficiency. revealed a different frequency of occurrence of these conditions in patients of the main and control groups. The main causes of perinatal losses are analyzed. It is determined that more than half of cases of perinatal fetal death is infectious pathology: viral, bacterial and mixed viral-bacterial. About a quarter of cases of perinatal death is caused by acute heart failure with placental abruption and a complex of cardiovascular and respiratory disorders in premature infants. In 18% of cases, congenital malformations of the fetus lead to perinatal death. CRF causes perinatal fetal death in approximately 10% of cases.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Secretor Status of ABO Blood Group Antigens in Saliva using Absorption Inhibition Method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L Avinash Tejasvi ◽  
Jaya Laksmi Bukkya ◽  
Pandu Ranga Rao ◽  
Harsha Bhayya
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Saliva Sample ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Slide Agglutination ◽  
Secretor Status ◽  
Agglutination Method ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
And Control

Abstract Objectives While DNA profiling has become the principal technique for individualization of biological evidences, ABO blood grouping is still a useful test method in the initial stages of crime investigation. Objectives of the study were blood group determination using slide agglutination method, blood group determination from saliva using absorption inhibition method, and comparison of slide agglutination method with that of absorption inhibition method from saliva sample. Materials and Methods A total of 60 subjects were taken randomly with their age ranging from 20 to 60 years. Sixty subjects were divided in to two groups, study group and control group. 5 to 10 mL of unstimulated saliva was collected from 60 patients and Wieners agglutination test was performed to detect the secretor status of blood using absorption inhibition method and compared with that of slide agglutination method Results Out of 60 subjects, 52 subjects showed secretors of antigen in saliva with percentage value of 86.66% and eight subjects were nonsecretors (13.33%). Slightly higher percentage of secretor status was seen in males 84.6 and 88.2% in females. Conclusion Evaluation of secretor status of blood group antigen from saliva using absorption inhibition method can be useful method in identification of medicolegal cases.

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