THE COMMUNICATION FUNCTION COVERED IN  GAN KIM YONG’S SPEECH ON RESPONSE TO CORONA VIRUS

This research deals with how the language used in communication, especially in the form of speech. It addresses to describe the criteria and categories within utterances as well as the communication function of speech. The speech acts theory used in this research is from Searle (1976). The data source of research is an English speech text addressed by Singapore Health Minister Gan Kim Yong delivered in parliament on the government's response to the coronavirus on February 3rd 2020. This research finds the representatives with 199 utterances (73%) as the most common speech acts which are followed by the other categories; directives in 21 utterances (13%), commissives in 19 utterances (12%) and expressive in 4 utterances (2%). The analysis finds the speaker has the intention to provide sufficient information about the 2019 novel coronavirus based on the preponderance of representatives which are indicated by the use of claiming, stating, reporting, asserting, and defining utterances that provide evidence about the real circumstances happened such as data, reasons, rationale, and explanation. Thus, the belief of speaker within utterances guides the listeners for being aware of the current conditions relates to the coronavirus.

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Hidden “holes” in the capital of banks and the supply of credit to the real sector of economy

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2018-5-49-68 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 49-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. E. Mamonov

Keyword(s):

Credit Risk ◽

The Other ◽

Real Sector ◽

Capital Management ◽

Loan Loss ◽

Short Term ◽

The Real ◽

Ex Post ◽

The One

Our analysis documents that the existence of hidden “holes” in the capital of not yet failed banks - while creating intertemporal pressure on the actual level of capital - leads to changing of maturity of loans supplied rather than to contracting of their volume. Long-term loans decrease, whereas short-term loans rise - and, what is most remarkably, by approximately the same amounts. Standardly, the higher the maturity of loans the higher the credit risk and, thus, the more loan loss reserves (LLP) banks are forced to create, increasing the pressure on capital. Banks that already hide “holes” in the capital, but have not yet faced with license withdrawal, must possess strong incentives to shorten the maturity of supplied loans. On the one hand, it raises the turnovers of LLP and facilitates the flexibility of capital management; on the other hand, it allows increasing the speed of shifting of attracted deposits to loans to related parties in domestic or foreign jurisdictions. This enlarges the potential size of ex post revealed “hole” in the capital and, therefore, allows us to assume that not every loan might be viewed as a good for the economy: excessive short-term and insufficient long-term loans can produce the source for future losses.

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Speech Acts by the Governor Candidates of North Sumatera in Political Debates

LINGUISTIK TERAPAN ◽

10.24114/lt.v12i2.2922 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Vidya Dwi Amalia Zati ◽

Sumarsih Sumarsih ◽

Lince Sihombing

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Speech Acts ◽

The Other ◽

Political Debate ◽

Direct Speech ◽

Dominant Type ◽

Political Debates ◽

The Way ◽

Descriptive Qualitative

The objectives of the research were to describe the types of speech acts used in televised political debates of governor candidates of North Sumatera, to derive the dominant type of speech acts used in televised political debates of governor candidates of North Sumatera and to elaborate the way of five governor candidates of North Sumatera use speech acts in televised political debates. This research was conducted by applying descriptive qualitative research. The findings show that there were only four types of speech acts used in televised political debates, Debat Pemilukada Sumatera Utara and Uji Publik Cagub dan Cawagub Sumatera Utara, they were assertives, directives, commissives and expressives. The dominant type of speech acts used in both televised political debates was assertives, with 82 utterances or 51.6% in Debat Pemilukada Sumatera Utara and 36 utterances or 41.37% in Uji Publik Cagub dan Cawagub Sumatera Utara. The way of governor candidates of North Sumatera used speech acts in televised political debates is in direct speech acts, they spoke straight to the point and clearly in order to make the other candidates and audiences understand their utterances. Keywords: Governor Candidate; Political Debate; Speech Acts

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Covid-19 – rumours and facts in media

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.2344 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽

pp. 171-174

Author(s):

Tarare Toshida ◽

Chaple Jagruti

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Vital Role ◽

The Other ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Other Hand ◽

Corona Virus ◽

The People ◽

The World

The covid-19 resulted in broad range of spread throughout the world in which India has also became a prey of it and in this situation the means of media is extensively inϑluencing the mentality of the people. Media always played a role of loop between society and sources of information. In this epidemic also media is playing a vital role in shaping the reaction in ϑirst place for both good and ill by providing important facts regarding symptoms of Corona virus, preventive measures against the virus and also how to deal with any suspect of disease to overcome covid-19. On the other hand, there are endless people who spread endless rumours overs social media and are adversely affecting life of people but we always count on media because they provide us with valuable answers to our questions, facts and everything in need. Media always remains on top of the line when it comes to stop the out spread of rumours which are surely dangerous kind of information for society. So on our side we should react fairly and maturely to handle the situation to keep it in the favour of humanity and help government not only to ϑight this pandemic but also the info emic.

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Pre-eminence of Moderate to Robust Physical Activity in Battling COVID-19: A Narrative Review

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.3203 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽

pp. 934-937

Author(s):

Tasneem M. Lakkadsha ◽

Kiran Kumar ◽

Waqar M. Naqvi ◽

Pratik Phansopkar

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Mass Media ◽

Physical Inactivity ◽

Narrative Review ◽

The Other ◽

Physically Active ◽

Corona Virus ◽

Media Platform ◽

Being There ◽

History Books

In January 2020, we met with COVID-19 (aka SARS-Co-V-2 and/or Corona virus) on our news channels all the way from china. Little did we know that it would shake up our lives in such a manner that we had heard only in a movie or read in history books. Currently we are all in some sort of lockdown, be it in hospital/home or in our minds. Being there, most of us are facing certain kind of misery, be it emotional, mental, physical or social. To be expansive the most common stresses that have been addressed by people on mass media platform are feeling of depression and isolation caused by being away from family and friends, some are complaining of losing their enthusiasm, some of gaining weight, some of losing it and many more. Going through a pandemic is also helping people in some or the other way, one of which is being concerned about their health and habits to keep themselves fit and away from serious comorbidities which can stem out from physical inactivity and heightened stress levels. There are many ways to stay fit at home without any complex gym equipment, but far less is known about it. Thus, an understanding of methods through which one can become physically active with least complexity, easy availability, and appropriate utilization is need of the hour.

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Kecakapan Hidup Abad Ke-21 dalam Tokoh Utama Dongeng Jawa Timur Kajian Antropologi Sastra

Stilistika: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra ◽

10.30651/st.v13i2.4633 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 168

Author(s):

Rian Damariswara

Keyword(s):

Critical Thinking ◽

21St Century ◽

Fairy Tales ◽

Life Skills ◽

Fairy Tale ◽

Good Life ◽

The Other ◽

Main Character ◽

Data Source ◽

Creativity And Innovation

ABSTRAKTokoh utama dalam dongeng Jawa Timur memiliki sisi lain yang perlu diungkap. Sisi lain tersebut, yakni kecakapan hidup yang dimiliki tokoh utama dalam menyelesaikan masalah yang dihadapinya. Kecakapan hidup tersebut, memiliki relevansi dengan kecakapan hidup di abad ke-21. Jadi, dengan menganalisis kecakapan hidup tokoh utama secara otomatis peneliti dan pembaca dapat mengetahui bahwa tokoh-tokoh dongeng yang terdapat di Jawa Timur memiliki budaya hidup yang baik untuk dijadikan contoh dan motivasi.Untuk mengungkap kecakapan hidup abad ke-21 pada tokoh utama dongeng Jawa Timur menggunakan kajian antropologi sastra.Penelitian ini termasuk deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data adalah teks dongeng Jawa Timur. Teknik yang digunakan adalah studi dokumenter. Kecakapan hidup abad ke-21 yang ditemukan pada dongeng Jawa Timur sebagai berikut. Pertama, berpikir kritis dan pemecahan masalah. Semua tokoh utama dalam dongeng memiliki pemikiran kritis sehingga dapat memecahkan masalah. Kedua, kreativitas dan inovasi yang ditemukan yakni jenis pengembangan dan sintesis. Inovasi pengembangan yang ditemukan adalah adanya alat bajak sawah dari batu menjadi kayu dan ditarik sapi serta dapat dipergunakan sebagai sarana hiburan. Alat tersebut diberi nama karapan sapi. Inovasi sintesis adalah menggabungkan segala sesuatu yang dimiliki untuk dijadikan sesuatu yang baru. Seperti pada dongeng Asal Mula Reog Ponorogo,yakni menggabungkan kepala tokoh Singabarong dengan burung merak sehingga dinamakan reog ponorogo. Ketiga, kolaborasi antaranggota dan pemimpin dengan bawahan. Keempat, komunikasi yakni berupa diskusi, pengarahan, berkeluh kesah, dan perintah.Kata kunci: Kecakapan hidup abad ke-21, Tokoh utama, DongengABSTRACTThe main character in the East Java fable has another side that needs to be revealed. The other side, namely the life skills possessed by the main character in solving the problems they face. Life skills, have relevance to 21st century life skills. Therefore, by analyzing the life skills of the main characters automatically the researcher and reader can find out that the fairy tale figures in East Java which have a good life culture to be used as an example and motivation. To uncover 21st century life skills in the main characters of the East Javanese fable, the study of literary anthropology is used. This research is descriptive qualitative. The data source is the text of a fairy tale in East Java. The technique used is documentary study. The 21st century life skills found in the East Java fable are as follows. First, critical thinking and problem solving. All the main characters in fairy tales have critical thinking so they can solve problems. Second, the creativity and innovation found are types of development and synthesis. Development innovation that was found was the existence of a rice plow from stone to wood and pulled by cows and could be used as a means of entertainment. The tool is named Karapan Sapi. Synthesis of innovation is to combine everything that is owned to be something new. As in the fable of Reog Ponorogo, which combines the head of the Singabarong character with a peacock so it is called Reog Ponorogo. Third, collaboration between members and leaders with subordinates. Fourth, communication in the form of discussion, direction, complaints, and orders.Keyword: 21st century life skills, The main character, Fairy tale

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The Political Impact of Affective Polarization: How Partisan Animus Shapes COVID-19 Attitudes

10.31234/osf.io/ztgpn ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

James Druckman ◽

Samara Klar ◽

Yanna Krupnikov ◽

Matthew Levendusky ◽

John B. Ryan

Keyword(s):

21St Century ◽

American Politics ◽

The Other ◽

Policy Discourse ◽

The Political ◽

The Novel ◽

Political Impact ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

Citizens Attitudes

Affective polarization is a defining feature of 21st century American politics—partisans harbor considerable dislike and distrust of those from the other party. Does this animus have consequences for citizens’ opinions? Such effects would highlight not only the consequences of polarization, but also shed new light onto how citizens form preferences more generally. Normally, this question is intractable, but the outbreak of the novel coronavirus allows us to answer it. We find that affective polarization powerfully shapes citizens’ attitudes about the pandemic, as well as the actions they have taken in response to it. However, these effects are conditional on the local severity of the outbreak, as the effects decline in areas with high caseloads—threat vitiates partisan reasoning. Our results clarify that closing the divide on important issues requires not just policy discourse but also attempts to reduce inter-partisan hostility.

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SPEECH ACTS IN BARACK OBAMA SPEECH’S IN ANNOUNCING THE DEATH OF OSAMA BIN LADEN

Wiralodra English Journal ◽

10.31943/wej.v2i2.336 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 151-162

Author(s):

Atiya Mahmud Hana

Keyword(s):

Speech Acts ◽

Barack Obama ◽

Primary Data ◽

White House ◽

Illocutionary Acts ◽

Primary Data Source ◽

Data Source ◽

Osama Bin Laden ◽

Directive Speech Acts ◽

Directive Speech

This study aims to observe and describe the use of speech acts by Barack Obama when he announced the death of Osama bin Laden. The writer focuses on illocutionary acts used by Barack Obama. The primary data source is the transcript of Barack Obama’s speech at White House on May 1st, 2011 after the death of Osama bin Laden. The types of illocutionary acts are observed by the writer according to Searle’s Taxonomy of Illocutionary Act. They are representatives, directives, commissives, expressives, and declarations. The result of the study shows that representatives are frequetnly used by Obama in his speech. Representatives are used in 54 utterances (74%); Commissives are used in 11 utterances (15%); Expressives are used in 7 utterances (11%). Barack Obama used none both directive speech acts and declaration speech acts. Representatives are frequently used in Barack Obama speech because the purpose of the speech is to announce the death of Osama bin Laden in Pakistan. The evidence is that most utterances in the transcipt use statements, descriptions, and reports.

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ANALISIS UNSUR EKSTRINSIK NOVEL SANG PEMIMPI KARYA ANDREA HIRATA

Jurnal KATA ◽

10.22216/jk.v1i2.2301 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 137

Author(s):

Erlina Erlina

Keyword(s):

Cultural Values ◽

Religious Education ◽

Speech Acts ◽

Social Values ◽

The Novel ◽

Political Values ◽

Educational Value ◽

Cultural Rights ◽

The Social ◽

Data Source

This research is motivated by the analysis extrinsic elements novel Sang Pemimpi. This study aimed to describe the social values, cultural values, moral values, and religious values in the novel Sang Pemimpi. The research is a qualitative study using descriptive methods. The data in this study is a form of social values, cultural values, religius values and moral on Sang Pemimpi novel by Andrea Hirata. Data source is Sang Pemimpi novel by Andrea Hirata. Data collection techniques in this study are: (1) to read and understand the Novel Sang Pemimpi by Andrea Hirata, and (2) give coding by underlining sentences containing social values, cultural values and political values in the note of the novel Sang Pemimpi by Andrea Hirata all data regarding speech acts in a novel study. While the steps in analyzing data are: (1) read data that has been recorded, (2) classify or record data for the purpose for researchers based on the novel Sang Pemimpi by Andrea Hirata, (3) interpreting or interpretation of data for the purpose of research is to analyze the novel Sang Pemimpi by Andrea Hirata, and (4) make the conclusion of the study. The results of this study stated that extrinsic elements contained in Sang Pemimpi novel by Andrea Hirata is the value of cultural education, where cultural rights set forth in the novel The Dreamer ie when they are a teenager then it started to work for money. Social educational value, namely the attitude of helping each other like Arai and Mak Cik, and as pastor and Jimbron. the value of religious education that is visible on the pastor and Jimbron, although Jimbron raised by a pastor, but the pastor did not impose his religion on Jimbron. moral and political education value seen in a leader who has no morals and honesty. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh analisis unsur ekstrinsik novel Sang Pemimpi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan nilai sosial, nilai budaya, nilai politik, nilai moral, dan nilai religius dalam novel Sang Pemimpi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif. Data dalampenelitian iniadalah bentuk nilai sosial, nilai budaya, nilai realigi dan moral dalam novel Sang Pemimpi karya Andrea Hirata. Sumber datanya adalah novelSang Pemimpi karya Andrea Hirata.Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah: (1) membaca dan memahami Novel Sang Pemimpi karya Andrea Hirata, dan (2) memberi pengkodean dengan menggarisbawahi kalimat-kalimat yang mengandung nilai sosial, nilai budaya, dan nilai politik dalam Mencatat Novel Sang Pemimpi karya Andrea Hirata semua data mengenai tindak tutur dalam novel yang diteliti. Sedangkan langkah-langkah dalam menganalisis datanya adalah: (1) membaca data yang sudah dicatat, (2) mengklasifikasikan atau mencatat data sesuai tujuan peneliti berdasarkan novel Sang Pemimpi karya Andrea Hirata, (3) menginterprestasikan atau penafsiran data dengan tujuan penelitian yaitu menganalisis novel Sang Pemimpi karya Andrea Hirata, dan (4) membuat simpulan penelitian.Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa unsur ekstrinsik yang dapat dalam novel Sang Pemimpi karya Andrea Hirata adalah nilai pendidikan budaya, di mana budaya yang tercantum dalam novel Sang Pemimpi yaitu apabila sudah beranjak remaja maka sudah mulai bekerja untuk mencari uang. nilai pendidikan sosial, yaitu adanya sikap saling tolong menolong seperti Arai dan Mak Cik, dan seperti pendeta dan Jimbron. nilai pendidikan religius yaitu terlihat pada pendeta dan Jimbron, walaupun Jimbron diasuh oleh seorang Pendeta, tetapi pendeta tersebut tidak memaksakan agamanya pada Jimbron. nilai pendidikan moral dan politik terlihat pada seorang pemimpin yang tidak mempunyai moral dan kejujuran.

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Deceptive Ambiguity by Police and Prosecutors

10.1093/oso/9780190669898.001.0001 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Roger W. Shuy

Keyword(s):

Speech Acts ◽

Relative Frequency ◽

The Other ◽

Cooperative Principle ◽

Case Examples ◽

Police Interviews ◽

Performance Errors ◽

Criminal Suspects ◽

The Government ◽

Speech Events

Much is written about how criminal suspects, defendants, and undercover targets use ambiguous language in their interactions with police, prosecutors, and undercover agents. This book examines the other side of the coin, describing fifteen criminal investigations demonstrating how police, prosecutors, undercover agents, and complainants use deceptive ambiguity with their subjects, which leads to misrepresentations of the speech events, schemas, agendas, speech acts, lexicon, and grammar. These misrepresentations affect the perceptions of judges and juries about the subjects’ motives, predispositions, intentions, and voluntariness. Deception is commonly considered intentional while ambiguity is often excused as unintentional performance errors. Although perhaps overreliance on Grice’s maxim of sincerity leads some to believe this, interactions of suspects, defendants, and targets with representatives of law are adversarial, non-cooperative events that enable participants to ignore or violate the cooperative principle. One effective way the government does this is to use ambiguity deceptively. Later listeners to the recordings of such conversations may not recognize this ambiguity and react in ways that the subjects may not have intended. Deceptive ambiguity is clearly intentional in undercover operations and the case examples illustrate that the practice also is alive and well in police interviews and prosecutorial questioning. The book concludes with a summary of how the deceptive ambiguity used by representatives of the government affected the perception of the subjects’ predisposition, intentionality and voluntariness, followed by a comparison of the relative frequency of deceptive ambiguity used by the government in its representations of speech events, schemas, agendas, speech acts, lexicon, and grammar.

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Comparison of Five Serological Assays for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11010078 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 78

Author(s):

Anja Dörschug ◽

Julian Schwanbeck ◽

Andreas Hahn ◽

Anke Hillebrecht ◽

Sabine Blaschke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Blood Donor ◽

Immunoglobulin G ◽

The Other ◽

Specific Antibodies ◽

Diagnostic Assays ◽

Immunoglobulin Class ◽

Corona Virus ◽

Immunoglobulin Subclass

Serological assays can contribute to the estimation of population proportions with previous immunologically relevant contact with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. In this study, we compared five commercially available diagnostic assays for the diagnostic identification of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies. Depending on the assessed immunoglobulin subclass, recorded sensitivity ranged from 17.0% to 81.9% with best results for immunoglobulin G. Specificity with blood donor sera ranged from 90.2% to 100%, with sera from EBV patients it ranged from 84.3% to 100%. Agreement from fair to nearly perfect was recorded depending on the immunoglobulin class between the assays, the with best results being found for immunoglobulin G. Only for this immunoglobulin class was the association between later sample acquisition times (about three weeks after first positive PCR results) and positive serological results in COVID-19 patients confirmed. In conclusion, acceptable and comparable reliability for the assessed immunoglobulin G-specific assays could be shown, while there is still room for improvement regarding the reliability of the assays targeting the other immunoglobulin classes.

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