scholarly journals Correlation Techniques to Measure the Degree of Association Between Nodes of Different Protocols in MANETs, In Terms of Their Energy Consumption in Data Transmission

2019 ◽  
pp. 131-135
Author(s):  
Dasaka VSS Subrahmanyam ◽  
T. Ch. Malleswara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Destination Node ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Degree Of Association

Several protocols have been using in networks, especially in MANETs, to increase efficiency in energy consumption of intermediate nodes while transmitting data packets to the destination node. Several protocols like energy efficient and energy consumption protocols are introduced in MANETs to increase the overall life time of MANETs. MANETs can’t survive for longer times without the property of energy consumption, as the available battery resources are very limited. Different protocols are implemented and tested, by simulation like NS2, on the basis of their energy consumption levels. To know the fairness and reliability of data obtained from different protocols, several statistical analysis methods are suggested. Finding the coefficient of correlation and rank correlation methods are very popular among them. These methods help to know the actual existing relation between the considered energy consumption data sets of intermediate nodes of two different protocols. This information will be very helpful to MANETs in estimating the required future energy consumption levels of its intermediate nodes and the degree of fairness between them.

scholarly journals A Reliable Energy Efficient Data Aggregation Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 686-691
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Data Aggregation ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Efficient Data

One of the popular and emerging networks is wireless sensor networks (WSN), where it comprises of an unlimited number of sensors deployed dynamically and irregularly in a geolocation, for a specific purpose. Each sensor node in the network sense, collect and transmit the environmental data from one location to other location. All the nodes have the capabilities of transmitting and receiving the documents. The major problem in WSN is energy efficiency and network lifetime. By reducing the energy consumption, the network life time can be increased. Clustering, scheduling and other related methods are used to reduce the energy consumption, during the data transmission and receiving. This paper proposed a Reliable Energy Efficient Data Aggregation (REEDA) method for improving the energy efficiency. All the common nodes or the cluster head nodes gather, aggregate, and transmit the data where it reduces the energy consumption. The aggregation method is applied according to correlation of data packets generated by entire node. Simulations results prove that the proposed algorithm provides a good solution for minimizing communication and computation cost.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient and Disjoint Multipath Using Face routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7823
Author(s):  
Hyunchong Cho ◽  
Seungmin Oh ◽  
Yongje Shin ◽  
Euisin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Packet Transmission ◽  
Destination Node ◽  
Path Generation ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Hole Area ◽  
Face Routing ◽  
Multiple Routes ◽  
Average Energy Consumption

In WSNs, multipath is well-known as a method to improve the reliability of packet delivery by making multiple routes from a source node to a destination node. To improve reliability and load-balancing, it is important to ensure that disjoint characteristics of multipath do not use same nodes during path generation. However, when multipath studies encounter a hole area from which is hard to transmit data packets, they have a problem with breaking the disjoint features of multipath. Although existing studies propose various strategies to bypass hole areas, they have side effects that significantly accelerate energy consumption and packet transmission delay. Therefore, to retain the disjoint feature of multipath, we propose a new scheme that can reduce delay and energy consumption for a node near a hole area using two approaches—global joint avoidance and local avoidance. This scheme uses global joint avoidance to generate a new path centered on a hole area and effectively bypasses the hole area. This scheme also uses local joint avoidance that does not select the same nodes during new path generation using a marking process. In simulations, the proposed scheme has an average 30% improvement in terms of average energy consumption and delay time compared to other studies.

scholarly journals Energy-efficient hierarchical routing in wireless sensor networks based on Fog Computing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ademola Abidoye ◽  
Boniface Kabaso
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Hierarchical Routing

Abstract Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been recognized as one of the most essential technologies of the 21st century. The applications of WSNs are rapidly increasing in almost every sector because they can be deployed in areas where cable and power supply are difficult to use. In the literature, different methods have been proposed to minimize energy consumption of sensor nodes so as to prolong WSNs utilization. In this article, we propose an efficient routing protocol for data transmission in WSNs; it is called Energy-Efficient Hierarchical routing protocol for wireless sensor networks based on Fog Computing (EEHFC). Fog computing is integrated into the proposed scheme due to its capability to optimize the limited power source of WSNs and its ability to scale up to the requirements of the Internet of Things applications. In addition, we propose an improved ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm that can be used to construct optimal path for efficient data transmission for sensor nodes. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in comparison with P-SEP, EDCF, and RABACO schemes. The results of the simulations show that the proposed approach can minimize sensor nodes’ energy consumption, data packet losses and extends the network lifetime

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient Cluster Based Routing Protocol in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Using Network Coding

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivas Kanakala ◽  
Venugopal Reddy Ananthula ◽  
Prashanthi Vempaty
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Network Coding ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Cluster Based Routing ◽  
Hoc Networks

In mobile ad hoc networks, all nodes are energy constrained. In such situations, it is important to reduce energy consumption. In this paper, we consider the issues of energy efficient communication in MANETs using network coding. Network coding is an effective method to improve the performance of wireless networks. COPE protocol implements network coding concept to reduce number of transmissions by mixing the packets at intermediate nodes. We incorporate COPE into cluster based routing protocol to further reduce the energy consumption. The proposed energy-efficient coding-aware cluster based routing protocol (ECCRP) scheme applies network coding at cluster heads to reduce number of transmissions. We also modify the queue management procedure of COPE protocol to further improve coding opportunities. We also use an energy efficient scheme while selecting the cluster head. It helps to increase the life time of the network. We evaluate the performance of proposed energy efficient cluster based protocol using simulation. Simulation results show that the proposed ECCRP algorithm reduces energy consumption and increases life time of the network.

scholarly journals IESDAD :improved energy efficient structure- free data aggregation and delivery protocol in WSN

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.27) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Avneet Kaur ◽  
Neeraj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Data Aggregation ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Gateway Node ◽  
Free Data

The wireless sensor is deployed to sense large amount of data from the far places. With the large deployment of the sensor networks, it faces major issues like energy consumption, dynamic routing and security. The Energy efficient structure-free data aggregation and delivery (ESDAD) is the protocol which is hierarchal in nature. The ESDAD protocol can be further improved to increase lifetime of wireless sensor networks. The base station localizes the position of each sensor node and defines level of each node for the data transmission. In the ESDAD protocol, the next hop node is selected based on cost function for the data transmission. In this research work, improved in ESDAD protocol is proposed in which gateway nodes are deployed after each level for the data transmission. The sensor node will sense the information and transmit it to gateway node. The gateway node aggregates data to the base station and simulation results show that improved ESDAD protocol performs well in terms of energy consumption and number of throughput. 

scholarly journals An NB-IoT-Based Edge-of-Things Framework for Energy-Efficient Image Transfer

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 5929
Author(s):  
Sikandar Zulqarnain Khan ◽  
Yannick Le Moullec ◽  
Muhammad Mahtab Alam
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Transmission Time ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Image Transfer ◽  
Visual Data ◽  
Smart Gateway

Machine Learning (ML) techniques can play a pivotal role in energy efficient IoT networks by reducing the unnecessary data from transmission. With such an aim, this work combines a low-power, yet computationally capable processing unit, with an NB-IoT radio into a smart gateway that can run ML algorithms to smart transmit visual data over the NB-IoT network. The proposed smart gateway utilizes supervised and unsupervised ML algorithms to optimize the visual data in terms of their size and quality before being transmitted over the air. This relaxes the channel occupancy from an individual NB-IoT radio, reduces its energy consumption and also minimizes the transmission time of data. Our on-field results indicate up to 93% reductions in the number of NB-IoT radio transmissions, up to 90.5% reductions in the NB-IoT radio energy consumption and up to 90% reductions in the data transmission time.

scholarly journals Energy-aware strategy for data forwarding in IoT ecosystem

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 4863 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nagarathna
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Path Selection ◽  
Destination Node ◽  
Data Forwarding ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Iot Devices

The Internet of Things (IoT) is looming technology rapidly attracting many industries and drawing research attention. Although the scale of IoT-applications is very large, the capabilities of the IoT-devices are limited, especially in terms of energy. However, various research works have been done to alleviate these shortcomings, but the schemes introduced in the literature are complex and difficult to implement in practical scenarios. Therefore, considering the energy consumption of heterogeneous nodes in IoT eco-system, a simple energy-efficient routing technique is proposed. The proposed system has also employed an SDN controller that acts as a centralized manager to control and monitor network services, there by restricting the access of selfish nodes to the network. The proposed system constructs an analytical algorithm that provides reliable data transmission operations and controls energy consumption using a strategic mechanism where the path selection process is performed based on the remaining energy of adjacent nodes located in the direction of the destination node. The proposed energy-efficient data forwarding mechanism is compared with the existing AODV routing technique. The simulation result demonstrates that the protocol is superior to AODV in terms of packet delivery rate, throughput, and end-to-end delay.

scholarly journals An Election Energy Threshold Based Multi-Hop Routing Protocol in a Grid-Clustered Wireless Sensor Network

2018 ◽  
pp. 327-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Funom Samuel Dadah ◽  
Ajayi Ore-Ofe ◽  
Aliyu D Usman ◽  
Y A Mshelia ◽  
M O Babatunde
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Energy Threshold ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Data Packets

Owing to the limited energy of sensor nodes (SNs) in a wireless sensor network (WSN), it is important to reduce and balance the energy consumption of the SNs in order to extend the WSN lifetime. Clustering mechanism is a highly efficient and effective mechanism for minimizing the amount of energy that SNs consume during the transmission of data packets. In this paper, an election energy threshold based multi-hop routing protocol (mEEMRP) is presented. In order to minimize energy consumption, this routing protocol uses grid clustering, where the network field is divided into grid clusters. SNs in each grid cluster select a cluster head (CH) based on a weight factor that takes the node location, node’s residual energy (RE) as well as the node’s distance from the base station into consideration. An energy efficient multi-hop routing algorithm is adopted during the transmission of data packets from the cluster heads (CHs) to the base station (BS). This multi-hop routing algorithm uses an election energy threshold value, T­nhCH that takes into consideration the RE of CHs as well as the distance between CHs. Simulation results show a 1.77% and 10.65% improvement in terms of network lifetime for two network field scenarios over Energy Efficient Multi-hop Routing Protocol (EEMRP).

scholarly journals Energy Optimization in a Multihop Sensor Network for a WBAN Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Vishakha Tyagi ◽  
◽  
Sindhu Hak Gupta ◽  
Monica Kaushik ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Data Packet ◽  
Packet Size ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Posture Change ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Efficient Data

Movement and posture change of human body plays a crucial role in energy consumption while data transmission between strategically deployed nodes in wireless body area networks (WBANs). The majority of energy is used in transmission rather than processing of the data. Nodes within body are there for long time and need to be energy efficient so that the network lifetime is increased. In this paper, we propose an energy efficient data transmission for multi-hop network that uses particle swarm optimization (PSO) for optimizing the parameters on which energy consumption relies. An energy efficient data transmission and reception takes place by altering the parameters like node to node distance and packet size of data. The obtained results show a significant reduction of energy consumed by reducing the packet size and keeping the node-to-sink distance a constant value. The total energy consumed per hop per bit length of data packet Emh/L shows 75% optimization. The energy consumed in data transmission per bit length of data E tx /L and the energy consumed for data received per bit length of data packet E rx /L is optimized by approximately 70% and 50% respectively for hope count 2 to 5.

scholarly journals A low power data transfer and fusion algorithm for building energy consumption monitoring

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuimin Li ◽  
Dandan Shen ◽  
Lei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Reduction Factor ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Small Data ◽  
Building Energy Consumption ◽  
Fusion Algorithm ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Low Energy Consumption

Abstract Building Energy Internet of Things could collect and analyse various types of building energy consumption data in real time by means of low-energy consumption and high-precision sensing technology. In this paper, a low-energy consumption data transmission and fusion algorithm SMART-RR (Slice Mix Agg RegaTe-Repeatablibity Reduction) is proposed. Taking advantage of the periodic repeatability and data redundancy of building energy consumption data, a data fusion strategy with unequal long time intervals and adding repeatability reduction factor is proposed. The simulation results show that SMART-RR algorithm is a low-energy data transmission and fusion algorithm with small data traffic, high privacy protection and high accuracy.

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