Glucose Calibration Modeling in Blood with Spline Regression Approaching to Non-Invasive Tools

2018 ◽  
pp. 144-149
Author(s):  
Ria Hayatun Nur ◽  
Indahwati A ◽  
Erfiani A
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Cubic Spline ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spline Regression ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
Non Invasive

In this globalization era, health is the most important thing to be able to run various activities. Without good health, this will hinder many activities. Diabetes mellitus is one of the diseases caused by unhealty lifestyle.There are many treatments that can be done to prevent the occurrence of diabetes. The treatments are giving the insulin and also checking the glucose rate to the patients.Checking the glucose rate needs the tools which is safety to the body. This research want to develop non invasive tool which is safety and do not injure the patient. The purpose of this research is also finding the best model which derived from Linear, Quadratic, and Cubic Spline Regression. Some respondents were taking to get the glucose measuring by invasive and non invasive tools. It could be seen clearly that Spline Linear Regression was the best model than Quadratic and Cubic Spline Regression. It had 70% and 33.939 for R2 and RMSEP respectively.

scholarly journals An alternative method for determining the body condition index of the free-living South American coati

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-569
Author(s):  
Filipe Martins Santos ◽  
David Risco ◽  
Nayara Yoshie Sano ◽  
Gabriel Carvalho de Macedo ◽  
Wanessa Teixeira Gomes Barreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Condition Index ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Chest Girth ◽  
Biometric Measurements

Assessing and monitoring the welfare of free-living mammals is not a usual process due to the logistical complications associated with their capture and sedation, collection and storage of biological samples and their release. In this context, non-invasive methods for monitoring wildlife constitute a good alternative approach for in situ conservation. Body condition index, as a measurement of health status, has been used in free-living mammals; its low value may be associated with negative effects on reproduction and survival. The present study aimed to generate an alternative and reliable non-invasive method and then determine the body condition index, based on previously-collected biometric measurements, without the need to capture and immobilise the animals. A total of 178 free-living Nasua nasua Linnaeus, 1766 were trapped, weighed and measured. Statistical methods were used, based on Boosted Regression Trees (BRT) using body mass, biometric measurements (body length, height and chest girth) and gender as explanatory variables. To assess the agreement between the real Body Condition Indices (BCIs) and the predicted values of BCIs, we explored the correlation between each model using the Bland-Altman method. This method showed a strong agreement between the predictive BRT models proposed (standardised residuals from a linear regression between body length and chest girth) and standardised residuals (linear regression between body mass and body length). The results obtained herein showed that BRT modelling, based on biometrical features, is an alternative way to verify the body conditions of coatis without the need to capture and immobilise the animals.

scholarly journals Evaluation of central neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1022
Author(s):  
R. Balakrishnan ◽  
K. Ramadoss ◽  
E. Prasanna Venkatesan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pattern Reversal ◽  
P100 Latency ◽  
System Involvement ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Central Neuropathy ◽  
Visual Evoked

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global pandemic affecting almost every organ in the body. Peripheral nervous system involvement in diabetes is well known but there are not many studies on central nervous system involvement. Visual evoked potential (VEP) is a sensitive, non-invasive test to detect central demyelination of optic nerve. The objective was to compare the visual evoked potentials in type-2 DM patients with that of healthy controls and to find out if any correlation is there with the duration and glycaemic control of the disease and to compare incidence of peripheral and central neuropathy in DM patients.Methods: Author included 50 DM patients and 50 age and sex matched controls. Patients with previous stroke, demyelination, diabetic retinopathy and other ophthalmological disorders were excluded. VEP was recorded using pattern reversal stimulation with EMG RMS MARK II machine and p100 latency was measured.Results: P100 latencies (ms) was significantly prolonged in diabetics with mean±SD of (111.24±5.28 ms) as compared to controls (101.30±1.66 ms) with p value <0.003. Also, there was significant correlation between duration of DM and P100 latency prolongation, but no significant correlation was present when compared with glycaemic control.Conclusions: Central neuropathy is very common in DM. It is related to duration of DM and not HbA1c unlike PNP which is related to both. Central neuropathy occurs even prior to development of retinopathy or PNP. Hence, VEP is a non-invasive and sensitive screening tool for early neurological involvement in DM.

scholarly journals Development of Measuring Device for Non-Invasive Blood Sugar Levels Using Photodiode Sensor

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Frendi Agung Dwi Saputra ◽  
Bedjo Utomo ◽  
Sumber Sumber ◽  
Mohammed Shahriar Arefin
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Voltage Measurement ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Measuring Tool

Diabetes mellitus is one of the deadliest diseases faced by Indonesian people. The number of sufferers of this disease in Indonesia is 10 million according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Indonesia is included in five countries with the number of people with diabetes mellitus. This disease is caused by high levels of glucose in the blood. Patients are usually not controlled for sugar consumption in everyday life. For measuring blood sugar levels so far, the most widely used device is invasive, namely by injuring the patient's body. Techniques like this make people reluctant to take measurements of glucose levels in their blood routinely. Though it is recommended to take measurements regularly to be able to control the intake of nutrients in the body. The method used in this experiment is to design and build a blood sugar measuring device using a photodiode sensor. As well as collecting data on several patients related to blood to obtain patient data. Based on the results of the identification of the problems mentioned above, the authors make a non-invasive measuring tool entitled "Design of a Non-invasive Blood Sugar Measuring Instrument (TFT Display)". Results that have been obtained from this study are there are error values in the voltage measurement circuit voltage distribution with the calculation of the resistance value to get the voltage value. The error value obtained is 5%. The results of the linear regression value of 0.996.

scholarly journals Design of Instrumentation in Detecting Blood Sugar Levels with Non-Invasive Technique Base on IoT (Internet of Things)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.15) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
Eko Agus Suprayitno ◽  
Akhmad Setiawan ◽  
Rohman Dijaya
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
The Body ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Internet Of Things Technology ◽  
Reading Distance

Diabetes mellitus is a disease with metabolic disorders that result from defects in insulin secretion, which results in hyperglycemia with impaired carbohydrates, fats and body proteins. Diabetes mellitus can be known by measuring blood sugar levels which are generally done by injuring the body (Invasive) for blood. Normal blood sugar values range from 70 - 200 mg/dL. For people with diabetes mellitus, checking blood sugar is an important thing to do to maintain their body condition. In this study made Instrumentation detection of blood sugar levels non-invasive (does not hurt the body). This study uses the MAX30100 sensor as a non-invasive measure of blood sugar levels, because to determine blood sugar levels is only done by attaching the index finger to the sensor, and does not hurt the fingers. The value of blood sugar levels in this instrumentation is displayed on LCD and Android smartphones. For serial communication, Instrumentation with Android smartphones is done with IoT (Internet Of Things) technology to make it easier for medical officers to monitor the condition of diabetics through remote Android smartphones. From the results of testing Non-invasive blood sugar detection instrumentation with industry standard blood sugar measurement (Invasive), the accuracy of blood sugar readings was 90.3% with a deviation of 1.2 - 39.6 mg/dL. Tests were carried out on 14 Normal patients and people with diabetes mellitus. Reading distance reading Non-invasive blood sugar detection instrumentation with an Android Smartphone can reach a distance of 823 Km as long as Instrumentation is connected to the internet. Tests have been carried out in several cities including Sidoarjo, North Jakarta, Sidoarjo-Lamongan, Sidoarjo-Kediri. 

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Glucose Monitoring And ECG Detection using Red Tacton

2021 ◽  
pp. 254-257
Author(s):  
Dr. D. Sungeetha ◽  
P. Pooja ◽  
R. Subhasshini
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Acute Hospital ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physician Visits ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Medical Sensors ◽  
Bed Days ◽  
Minimal Effort

Diabetes mellitus claims many lives each year. It influences the body in different ways by prompting numerous genuine sicknesses and untimely mortality. In addition to diabetes mellitus Cardiovascular disease causes death and disability and a primary cause of acute hospital bed days and physician visits. The aim of this research work is to mark an instantaneous noninvasive small, compact and minimal effort gadget to monitor glucose and to detect ECG signal with the help of the Bio-medical sensors which makes it totally versatile.

scholarly journals NANOPARTICLE INSULIN DRUG DELIVERY-APPLICATIONS AND NEW ASPECTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
PRIYANKA DAS
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pulmonary Delivery ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Type1 Diabetes ◽  
Pancreatic Hormone

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder caused via the deficiency of pancreatic hormone insulin (Type1 diabetes mellitus) or due to the resistance of cells to insulin secreted by using the body (Type 2 diabetes mellitus). It is a rapidly growing serious situation that inspires a lot of global concern. Exogenous insulin administration is many times used therapy for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and gestational diabetes. The traditional subcutaneous insulin injections cause a lot of suffering to the affected person, exceptionally due to pain and secondarily due to dose sensitivity and in additional complications. Hence alternate delivery systems are an area of recreation for medical professionals and a convenient alternative system will be a boon to the patients. As an end result of the technological advances, various invasive and non-invasive delivery systems have been brought in the previous years. Nanotechnology, particle-mediated delivery, pulmonary delivery, buccal spray, etc. are the most current advances.

Serum Ferritin Status of Patients with Type 2 DM Attending OPD of BIRDEM General Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Khadiza Begum ◽  
Fahmida Islam ◽  
Farjana Aktar ◽  
Murshida Aziz ◽  
Tohfa E Ayub Tahiya
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Acute Phase Reactant ◽  
The Body ◽  
Iron Stores ◽  
Normal Healthy Individual ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Background: In recent times much is talked about of serum ferritin, an acute phase reactant a marker of iron stores in the body and its association with diabetes mellitus. Studies implicate that increased body iron stores and subclinical hemochromatosis has been associated with the development of glucose intolerance, type 2 diabetes and its micro as well as macrovascular complications. Material & Methods: This study was carried out to examine and to observe for any relationship between serum ferritin with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our study populations were included 163. Among them 81 type 2 diabetes patients as a case (M=49,F=32, mean 44.68 age in years)and 82 normal healthy individual as a control ( M=35, F=47 , mean 34.71 in years). Results: Majority were healthy outpatients who had come for regular checkup and were matched with controls. Serum ferritin and FBS were estimated and other investigations. Results showed that although Serum ferritin was in the normal range value it was increased in type 2 diabetes patients than in controls and was statistically significant, we did get a positive correlation with duration of diabetes. It can be concluded that there were positive associations between serum ferritin and FBG, age, sex among study groups. Conclusion: In conclusion our study shows that there is significant correlation between increased serum ferritin in diabetes compared to individuals with normal blood sugars in this part and hyper ferritinemia may be one of the causes for development of insulin resistance before overt diabetes. Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 11, No. 1: Jan 2020, P 7-10

Ghrelin and Obesity-An Update

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gandhi M. ◽  
Swaminathan S.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ghrelin Receptor ◽  
Type2 Diabetes ◽  
Type2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Natural Hormones

Ghrelin as human natural hormones is involved in fundamental regulatory process of eating and energy balance. It is a stomach derived hormone that acts as at the ghrelin receptor in multiple tissues throughout to the body. Its properties includes increasing appetite, decreasing systemic inflammation, decreasing vascular resistance ,increasing cardiac output, increasing glucose and IGF-1 levels, Hence it may play a significant role in Diabetes mellitus. Many studies have linked ghrelin to obesity and this paper is an attempt to bring out recent findings on the role of ghrelin in Diabetes Mellitus, particularly type2 Diabetes mellitus.

Pengaruh Senam Diabetes Mellitus terhadap Persentase Lemak Tubuh Penderita DM Tipe II di Puskesmas Godean I

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Dyda Fahmi Fadhilah ◽  
Nurul Huda Syamsiatun ◽  
Idi Setiyobroto
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
The Body ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Government Clinic

Background : The number of DM victims in the world increased year by year. According to Health Elementary Research in 2013  the highest number was in DIY, it was 2,6%. Then, according to Godean I Local Government Clinic data, DM was the second rank of Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) after hypertension. The increasing of DM victims number was connected by the overweight case that was influenced by unhealthy diet and lack ofphysic activities so it caused accumulation of fat tissues. In the next time it can cause complication for the victims. There are three pillars of DM management namely, diet, psychological intervention, and exercises. The first that should be done is exercises. One of them is physic exercises namely DM gymnastic. Its functions are to control blood sugar, lose weight and body fat so cardiovascular disease risk factor can be prevented and fixed. In this research the DM gymnastic was done three times in a week for six weeks in duration time of 30-60 minutes. Objective : Purpose of the research to know the influence of DM gymnastic to the change of fat body percentage of DM type II victims in Godean I Local Government Clinic. Method : Research method this research used quasi-experiment method, the research plan used pre-post design. The population was all of DM type II victims in Godean I Local Government Clinic with the subject number were 24 people. The data analysis used statistic test Paired Sample t Test with the credibility 95%. Result : Result of the research the statistic test Paired Sample t Ttest showed that there were not differences before and after DM gymnastic treatment for six weeks. According to the average of fat body percentage after DM gymnastic treatment was higher than before (32,52% > 32,86%). Conclusion : There was no influence of DM gymnastic to the body fat percentage of DM type II victims in GodeanI Local Government Clinic p = 0,59 or p = >0,05.   Keywords: Gymnastic, Diabetes Mellitus, Fat Body Percentage

Novel Approaches for Oral Delivery of Insulin and Current Status of Oral Insulin Products

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1057-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinesh V P ◽  
Neelam D P ◽  
Punit B ◽  
Bhavesh S.B ◽  
Pragna K. S
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Insulin Administration ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
Dose Dependent

Diabetes mellitus is a serious pathologic condition that is responsible for major healthcare problems worldwide and costing billions of dollars annually. Insulin replacement therapy has been used in the clinical management of diabetes mellitus for more than 84 years. The present mode of insulin administration is by the subcutaneous route through which insulin is presented to the body in a non-physiological manner having many challenges. Hence novel approaches for insulin delivery are being explored. Challenges to oral route of insulin administration are: rapid enzymatic degradation in the stomach, inactivation and digestion by proteolytic enzymes in the intestinal lumen and poor permeability across intestinal epithelium because of its high molecular weight and lack of lipophilicity. Liposomes, microemulsions, nanocubicles, and so forth have been prepared for the oral delivery of insulin. Chitosan-coated microparticles protected insulin from the gastric environment of the body and released intestinal pH. Limitations to the delivery of insulin have not resulted in fruitful results to date and there is still a need to prepare newer delivery systems, which can produce dose-dependent and reproducible effects, in addition to increased bioavailability.

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