Transportation Planning Using Conventional Four Stage Modeling : An Attempt for Identification of Problems in a Transportation System

In the formative development of urban transportation planning, travel forecasting is essential. Various travel simulation techniques are used to estimate possible traffic scenarios. It's been used to analyze road capability, transportation system developments, and new land use strategies and policies. The solution to travel decisions is generally obtained if the models are done in sequence. Many attempts are made to simulate the variety of choices made by travellers as a part of a response to a particular highway system, related transit system, and connected policies. For this purpose number of assumptions are considered regarding the decisions made by the people, factors considered by them, and their reaction as a response to the alternatives available in the transportation system. Generally, the process of travel simulation follows trip generating at the trip generation zone and moves through different links of the network and nodes. It ultimately ends at the trip attraction zone. The simulation method is known as Traditional Four Steps Transportation Modeling, and it includes the four basic models namely Trip Generation, Trip Distribution, Mode Choice, and Traffic Assignments. This paper it is tried to focus on the process of this traditional four-step transportation modeling system. The modeling method calculates a simplified transportation network from the city of Ulhasnagar, India.

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Transit OD Generation Based on Information Technology

Advanced Engineering Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.5.50 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 50-55

Author(s):

Li Bing Chi ◽

Jian Wang

Keyword(s):

Information Technology ◽

Data Access ◽

Transportation System ◽

Search Method ◽

Gps Data ◽

Ic Card ◽

Transit System ◽

Modeling Process ◽

Transportation Modeling ◽

Definition Of

Due to development in computer and information technology, data access and collection have becoming more and more convenient. In many cities’ transit system, transit vehicle GPS data and passenger IC card data could be provided. This paper focuses on the method that uses the passenger IC card data (only record once per trip) and transit vehicle GPS data to generate the transit OD matrix. After analyzing the characteristic of transit trips, the author gives the definition of continuity for a transit trip. Based on this definition, this paper then presents a search method to generate the transit OD matrix. The validity of this method has been tested in the modeling process for Zhengzhou city’s comprehensive transportation system. At the end, it is hoped that this research may give a useful lesson for other cities’ transportation modeling practice.

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PENGEMBANGAN MODEL TRANSPORTASI PENUMPANG ANTAR KOTA/KABUPATEN DI PROPINSI JAWA BARAT

Jurnal Teknik Sipil Unaya ◽

10.30601/jtsu.v1i1.9 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 77-94

Author(s):

I Made Suraharta

Keyword(s):

Transportation Planning ◽

Travel Demand ◽

Planning Process ◽

Transport Model ◽

Cost Model ◽

Trip Generation ◽

Demand Model ◽

Demand Models ◽

Distribution Mode ◽

Generalized Cost

Transport models are crucial in the transportation planning process. Transport model is made by adjusting the needs and availability of data and capability models in representing the real conditions and the future. Transportation models commonly used in transportation planning mechanism is the sequential demand models, which include the trip generation, trip distribution, mode choice, and traffic assignment. This model is suitable to be applied to various situations study areas, especially areas of the city. For intercity regional planning needs, modeling the sequential demand can be simplified into a direct demand model, the record is not much involved in modeling mode. In this study, the authors tried to develop a model of a direct demand models to represent the pattern of movement of people with other modes of road in West Java. The proposed transport model is a function of population, GDP, total number of trip generation traffic zone, the total transportation costs (generalized cost). Model results show the validity of the development of significant and can be used as a travel demand model for transportation planning.

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An Ex Ante Analysis of the Planned Transportation Network in the Region of Extremadura (Spain) by Using Physical Parameters

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13115947 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 5947

Author(s):

Pedro Plasencia-Lozano

Keyword(s):

Social Change ◽

Transportation Network ◽

Transportation System ◽

Current Situation ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Transport Planning ◽

Regional Transport ◽

Ex Ante ◽

Transport Analysis ◽

Spanish Region

Some relevant transport infrastructures are expected to be built in Extremadura, a Spanish region. Future investments could transform the regional transportation system and therefore could act as an important lever for economic and social change. The text describes the current situation and also the planned infrastructures, and an ex ante study is developed. The research has set the deficiencies of Extremadura in terms of transportation network, but current planning proves that the rail and airport infrastructures in Extremadura are set to involve a significant change of model. Moreover, the importance of taking into consideration the transport planning documents of neighboring countries in the transport analysis of bordering regions and the negative consequence of designing national and regional transport plans without considering the neighboring plans have been described.

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Kinerja Fungsi Terminal Giri Adipura dalam Sistem Transportasi di Kabupaten Wonogiri

Arsitektura ◽

10.20961/arst.v15i1.11400 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 92

Author(s):

Nur Laila Fitriana ◽

Galing Yudana ◽

Winny Astuti

Keyword(s):

Traffic Management ◽

Research Method ◽

Transportation Network ◽

Transportation System ◽

Network System ◽

Surrounding Area ◽

Performance Category ◽

Average Performance ◽

The Public ◽

Analysis Technique

<div>Terminal is included in the transportation network system which functions as a place for passengers to take the bus and a place to drop the passengers. Terminal is also the element of spatial arrangement which influences the structure and system of a town’s movement. The development of Giri Adipura Terminal in Singodutan Village which was done from 2010 to 2014 is aimed to recover the performance of previous terminal and to develop the surrounding area. Phenomenon which was happened in Giri Adipura Terminal is there were still many passengers who were not utilizing the terminal function and the public transportations were not entering the terminal in order. This research was done to know the performance of Giri Adipura Terminal function in transportation system in Wonogiri Regency. The used research method was quantitative with deductive approach. The used analysis technique was scoring, by determined the parameter and indicator in each variabel. The result of scoring calculation from the performance of Giri Adipura Terminal function in transportation system in Wonogiri Regency was 9.33. Based on the performance of terminal function category, 9.33 score was in range of 6.68—9.35, so it was included in the average performance category. Thus, the performance of Giri Adipura Terminal function in transportation system in Wonogiri Regency has not reach a good performance yet and it needs some things which should be done to reach that performance. For the performance of each variable, variables which were in the good performance category were accessibility and traffic management. Meanwhile, variables which were in the average category were terminal service and transportation movement access. Keywords: performance, terminal function, transportation system</div>

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KVMRT Challenges – Elevated Viaducts and Station Structures

IABSE Conference, Kuala Lumpur 2018: Engineering the Developing World ◽

10.2749/kualalumpur.2018.0791 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

ChongLing Wong

Keyword(s):

Public Transportation ◽

Transportation Network ◽

Economic Trend ◽

Capital City ◽

Project Delivery ◽

Rail Transit ◽

Kuala Lumpur ◽

Transit System ◽

The Public ◽

Klang Valley

Malaysia’s capital city Kuala Lumpur has been experiencing urbanization growth spurts in the last two decades, in tandem with her rapid economic expansion and progress towards a developed nation. Trailing this economic trend is the need to improve and expand public transportation, particularly in the railway sector. The Klang Valley Mass Rapid Transit (KVMRT) rail transit system was conceived to meet that need and complement the existing public transportation network.The first KVMRT metro line commonly known as the SBK line which connects Sg Buloh township in the northern-west and Kajang in the southern-east, was delivered and fully opened to the public ahead of schedule on 17 July 2017. The success of the project was achieved through significant efforts in surmounting many challenges in different aspects. This paper shares the experiences from the perspective of the Project Delivery Partner (PDP) in the planning, design and construction of the viaducts and station structures.

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Role of Geographic Information Systems in Regional Transportation Planning

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.1177/0361198196151800106 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 1518 (1) ◽

pp. 25-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

John C. Sutton

Keyword(s):

Information Systems ◽

Geographic Information Systems ◽

Data Integration ◽

Transportation Planning ◽

Geographic Information ◽

Transportation Modeling ◽

Clean Air ◽

Traffic Impacts ◽

State Programs

Geographic information systems (GISs) are becoming more widely used in transportation planning agencies, especially among metropolitan transportation organizations. The extension of GIS into transportation (GIS-T) is driven largely by the requirements of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA), the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, and legislation by states that mandate the development of transportation programs to reduce traffic impacts. Traditionally, transportation modeling of traffic impacts, calculation of vehicle emissions, and consideration of wider transportation planning effects, including transit, have employed different modeling techniques, often in different agencies or in separate sections within an agency. The results from these modeling and planning exercises have more often than not been displayed on different map bases, using different graphic programs to represent the data. The requirements of federal and state programs are encouraging modelers and planners to consider more consistent methods of data integration and display, hence the growing interest in GIS-T. The role of GIS-T in regional transportation planning is evaluated, including data integration issues, the configuration of transportation networks for use with GIS, and the linkage of transportation models to GIS.

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Assessing the Existing Bursa Light Rail Transportation System

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.1177/0361198120935117 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2674 (10) ◽

pp. 250-260

Author(s):

Mehmet Rizelioğlu ◽

Turan Arslan

Keyword(s):

Traffic Congestion ◽

Transportation System ◽

Transportation Systems ◽

Bus Rapid Transit ◽

Light Rail ◽

Rail Transportation ◽

Transit System ◽

Transit Systems ◽

Negative Impacts

As car ownership soars, traffic congestion and its associated negative impacts have become real concerns in many cities around the world. Therefore, transportation systems that perform better in eliminating or reducing traffic congestion and related problems to tolerable levels have become imperative. Alternative transit systems should be assessed properly to accommodate the expected demand in the long term, at least, to some significant extent. However, this is generally neglected in developing countries and, among many possible alternatives, a popular transportation system is usually preferred within the available budget. As an example, Bursa Metropolitan Municipality, Turkey, has recently implemented a light rail transportation system (LRT) on its major east–west corridor as the main transit system. In this study, the existing LRT is assessed and its performance is compared with a hypothetical bus rapid transit (BRT) system, which is a strong contender and comparatively a lower-cost alternative. This is done to assess whether the LRT was the better choice in relation to the current demand. Therefore, in this study, the existing LRT system is first defined in the PTV VISSIM simulation environment. Then, the hypothetical BRT system is considered on the same route with the current demand. The capability and capacities of the existing LRT and the BRT system are assessed and compared in many aspects. The results are compared, and important findings are outlined.

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Understanding Transit Agency Perceptions about Transportation Network Companies, Shared Mobility, and Autonomous Transit: Lessons from the United States

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.1177/0361198119842121 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2673 (5) ◽

pp. 95-108

Author(s):

Mengjie Han ◽

Matthew D. Dean ◽

Pedro Adorno Maldonado ◽

Parfait Masungi ◽

Sivaramakrishnan Srinivasan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

New Technologies ◽

Transportation Network ◽

Critical Role ◽

The United States ◽

Transit System ◽

Emergent Technologies ◽

Shared Mobility ◽

Transit Agencies ◽

Transportation Network Companies

Emergent technologies like autonomous/connected vehicles and shared mobility platforms are anticipated to significantly affect various aspects of the transportation network such as safety, mobility, accessibility, environmental effects, and economics. Transit agencies play a critical role in this network by providing mobility to populations unable to drive or afford personal vehicles, and in some localities carry passengers more efficiently than other modes. As transit agencies plan for the future, uncertainty remains with how to best leverage new technologies. A survey completed by 50 transit agencies across the United States revealed similar yet different perceptions and preparations regarding transportation network companies (TNCs) and autonomous transit (AT) systems. Transit agencies believe TNC market share will grow, either minimally or rapidly (72%), within the next 5 years and have either a negative (43%) or positive (35%) impact on their transit system. Only 30% of agency boards instructed the agency to work with TNCs, despite no perceived transit union support. For AT systems, 22% of agencies are studying them, 64% believe the impacts of AT over the next 10–20 years will be positive, but fewer agencies are influenced to consider new technologies because of AT systems (38%) compared with TNCs (72%). Surprisingly, transit administration is mostly unsure about driver and transit unions’ perceptions of these technologies. In addition, a significant number of transit agencies do not believe they should play a role in ensuring TNCs are safe and equitable and that TNCs should not have to adhere to the same regulations (50%, 28% respectively).

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Transportation Planning through Pavement Performance Prediction Modeling for Botswana Gravel loss Condition

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.2976 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 256-259 ◽

pp. 2976-2982

Author(s):

Adewole Oladele ◽

Vera Vokolkova ◽

Jerome Egwurube

Keyword(s):

Performance Prediction ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Transportation Planning ◽

Transportation Network ◽

Road Networks ◽

Small Population ◽

Road Transportation ◽

Feed Forward Neural Network ◽

Pavement Performance Prediction ◽

Gravel Road

Botswana is a Southern African country with an area of about 582,000 sq. km and its small population of about 2 million people. The road transportation network has grown beyond all expectations since independence in 1966. Out of the 18,300 km Botswana Public Highway Networks, gravel road networks are significant in providing access to rural areas where the majority of the population lives. Modelling of gravel loss conditions are required in order to predict their conditions in the future and provide information on the manner in which pavements perform. Such information can be applied to transportation planning, decision making processes and identification of future maintenance interventions. The results of previous attempts to develop gravel loss condition forecasting models using multiple linear regression (MLR) approach have not been reliable. This paper intended to develop accurate and reliable performance models which best capture the effects of gravel loss condition influencing factors using Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) modeling technique. As extension of knowledge in unpaved road transportation network, FFNN trained with Levenberg-Marquardt (L-M) method was used to develop gravel loss performance prediction model for Botswana gravel road networks to achieve a reliable result of a higher coefficient of determinant R2 = 0.94 compared with MLR analysis of R2 = 0.74.

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Incorporating Feedback in Travel Forecasting

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.3141/1607-25 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 1607 (1) ◽

pp. 185-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

William R. Loudon ◽

Janaki Parameswaran ◽

Brian Gardner

Keyword(s):

Quality Analysis ◽

Stable Set ◽

Emission Rates ◽

The Road ◽

Modeling Process ◽

Travel Forecasting ◽

Transportation Modeling ◽

Distribution Mode ◽

Clean Air ◽

On The Road

The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA) introduced new requirements for how transportation modeling for air quality analysis must be performed in nonattainment areas. Because of the degree to which vehicle emission rates (on a grams-per-mile basis) are affected by speed, specific attention has been given to how speeds are estimated and subsequently used in the travel forecasting and emissions estimation process. CAAA and guidelines issued in the years following introduction of the act require that speeds used in the process be realistic in comparison to what might be observed on the road and be reasonably consistent throughout the modeling process. In most traditional modeling processes that model trip generation, trip distribution, mode choice, route assignment, and emissions separately and sequentially, it has not been unusual to find different speeds (and travel times) used in different parts of the process. A description of two different research and development efforts that have produced new methods and guidelines for introducing feedback into the travel and emissions forecasting process to ensure consistent use of speeds is provided. COMSIS Corporation developed for FHWA a method for introducing feedback into the traditional four-step process by using an iterative process through all of the steps until the process converged to a stable set of link speeds. The methodology was used to test the effects of introducing feedback on model results under different levels of network congestion (feedback affects the results only when there is congestion in the network). The project resulted in a report documenting the methods, pitfalls, and common concerns for introducing feedback. A summary of the research conclusions from the project is provided.

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