scholarly journals Activities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Ukrainian SSR on Combating Economic Crime in the Middle of 1950s

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
V. A. Grechenko
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
The Republic

The relevance of the research topic is due to theoretical and practical significance of the problems of combating economic crime in modern conditions. In this regard, the issue of the effectiveness of the modernized police in accordance with the new tasks is of great importance. The original experience of combating economic crime was gained in previous years, but especially specific in this case were the 1950s, when there was departure from Stalin’s criminal policy, when the liberalization of the political regime and economic reforms began. In general, the country had a new political and economic situation. Various perpetrators also tried to take advantage of this, so the fight against both criminal and economic crime continued to be relevant in the new conditions. This topic is not enough studied in the historical and legal literature. Economic crime has been studied in the article in the sense that it was exactly in the specified historical period. For the first time in the historical and legal literature we studied the activities of the police to combat economic crime in the middle of 1950s, demonstrated certain achievements and shortcomings in this work, its management by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Ukrainian SSR. The historical and legal analysis of the normative acts regulating the work of militia in the specified sphere has been carried out. New archival documents have been introduced into scientific circulation, which made it possible to expand and deepen the scientific understanding of police activities during this period, to give it greater objectivity and reliability. The main attention has been paid to the fight against economic crime by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Ukrainian SSR; the author has demonstrated the shortcomings observed by the Ministry in this work, the ways to overcome them. It has been emphasized that the analysis of these phenomena by the staff of the Ministry of Internal Affairs was not always in-depth; there were repetitions and superficial judgments. The data characterizing the state of economic crime in the Republic in 1954-1955 has been provided.

scholarly journals Criminal policy in the legal security system

2021 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
E.A. Ongarbayev ◽  
◽  
B.R. Sembekova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Legal Security ◽  
Analysis System

The article considers issues of legal security through the modernization of criminal law, criminal procedure and criminal execution norms aimed at improving the criminal policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The authors carried out an analysis of norms of criminal law, criminal procedural, and criminal executive legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The article highlights some innovations in a comparative aspect, indicating promising directions, ensuring the effectiveness of their application and implementation in law enforcement activity of the subjects of proof. The article reveals mechanisms of criminal policy improvement based on the system-complex approach and application of comparative-legal analysis. System-complex approach has been considered in terms of disclosure of material and procedural norms, determining comprehensiveness, completeness, and objectivity of regular processes of interaction, reflection, and manifestation of objective-subjective factors of formation and development of criminal activity. The mechanism of criminal activity has been disclosed in terms of regulation and management of the process of detection, investigation and prevention based on the principles of legality, objectivity and completeness in the pre-trial and trial processes that determine the factors of implementation of the classification basis of criminal offenses. Comparative legal analysis determined the effectiveness and efficiency of mechanisms to improve criminal policy based on the analysis of theoretical research and practice of foreign countries.

FEATURES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE INTERNAL AFFAIRS BODIES IN SOME STATES OF ASIA, LATIN AMERICA AND AFRICA:COMPARATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
Azam Eraliev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Current State ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
The Republic

The articleanalyzes the genesis and current state of reforms carried out in the system of internal affairs bodies of Asia, Latin America and Africastates, as well as the main points of the transition to a police model. Also, the main directions, legal status, tasksand powers of the internal affairs bodies,the structure of which is systematically analyzed on the basis of the current legislation and proposals for the transition to the police model of the internal affairs bodies in the Republic of Uzbekistan have been developed

scholarly journals JUDICIAL CONTROL IN ENSURING THE LEGALITY AND VALIDITY OF DECISIONS TAKEN BY OPERATIONAL UNITS OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS BODIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-409
Author(s):  
Dmitriy A. Babichev
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Search Activity ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Judicial Control ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
Operational Unit

The article examines the features of judicial control in ensuring the legality and va- lidity of decisions made by operational units of internal affairs bodies. The relevance of the work is determined by an attempt to improve the legal mechanisms for the implementation of judicial control in the above-mentioned area based on the study of judicial practice, as well as legal conflicts and gaps in the current operational search legislation. The subject of the study is the system of control powers of the court: 1) verification of the legality and validity of decisions of the operational unit to conduct certain operational search activities by granting permission to the court to conduct them; 2) checking the legality and validity of decisions of the operational unit to conduct certain operational search activities according to their urgent (emergent) conduct; 3) checking the legality and validity of decisions of the operational unit to carry out operational search activities on citizens' complaints. The purpose of this work is to study the essential characteristics of the control powers of the court in ensuring the legality and validity of decisions made by operational divisions of internal affairs bodies. The methodology of the research is based on the General scientific dialectical method of cognition and the scientific methods that follow from it: system, logical, comparative legal analysis, statistical, special legal, and others. The theoretical basis of the research rests on the scientific works of V. V. Abramochkin, V. A. Azarov, Yu. M. Groshevii, S. V. Eskov, N. S. Zheleznyak, V. I. Ivanov, Ch.M. Ismailov, N. A. Kolokolov, E. L. Nkitin, I. A. Odnoshevin, R. H. Rakhimzoda, A. I. Tambovtsev, A. N. Khalikov, I. D. Shatokhin and other authoritative scientists who have made a significant contribution to the solution of doctrinal and applied problems of judicial control in the field of operational search activity. As a result of scientific analysis of judicial practice and legal literature, the author proposes a number of legal tools that affect the court's assessment of the legality and validity of operational search decisions on conducting intrusive OSM, and identifies legal conflicts that require delicate study and technical elimination. In addition, it is argued that amendments to the provisions of the Federal Law On Operational Search Activities aimed at preempting precedents for recognizing evidence obtained during the OSM in cases that cant be delayed and may lead to a serious or particularly serious crime are unacceptable. The results of the study can be used in law enforcement practice of subjects of operational search activity, judges, authorized prosecutors, as well as in scientific work when analyzing problems of judicial control in the field of operational search activity.

scholarly journals Dependence of the management style of the head of the internal affairs body on its gender characteristics

2021 ◽  
pp. 227-237
Author(s):  
Tat'yana Mihaylova ◽  
Inna Balashkevich
Keyword(s):  
Police Department ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Management Style ◽  
Psychological Support ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Management Styles ◽  
Gender Characteristics ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
The Republic

The article examines the stereotypes associated with the already existing and well - established gender roles in modern society- the distribution of certain official duties between persons of different sexes. The analysis of distinctive features of male and female management styles is given. The author notes that despite the existence of the job description, according to which the head performs his functions, his style of work always bears a unique imprint of his personality. The research urgency is caused by the fact that the study of the dependence of the management style of the head of the police Department from its gender features will formulate ways to improve the management efficiency of the heads of the police Department. The object of the study is the management styles of the heads of the Department of Internal Affairs. The subject of the study is the influence of the gender characteristics of the heads of the Department of Internal Affairs on the choice of management style. Research methods: analysis and systematization of scientific and psychological literature on the subject of research; general scientific methods of cognition (theoretical analysis, generalization, synthesis); monitoring; testing of heads of divisions of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation; statistical methods of processing the received data. The respondents were the heads of departments of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the number of 42 people, including 24 men and 18 women. The scientific novelty of the study is to expand, supplement and clarify the scientific views on the dependence of the management style of the head of the Department of Internal Affairs on his gender characteristics. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the results obtained can be used by psychologists of moral and psychological support units, teachers of educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, in order to further develop and improve the system of psychological support for the heads of the Department of Internal Affairs.

scholarly journals State Regulation of Public Health in the Precarpathian Region during the Period of the Austro-Hungarian Empire (1772-1918)

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Soroka
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Preventive Medicine ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Archival Documents

On the basis of archival documents, published historical documents and other available information sources, there was clarified the state of state regulation of public health (preventive medicine) in the Precarpathian region during the period of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, that is a relevant experience for building a modern health care system in Ukraine. Frequent changes in various socio-economic formations and the transition of the Precarpathian region from one state to another were found to significantly influence the nature of social relations in the region. Medical and sanitary care in this region was organized according to and influenced by the laws of the state that included the Precarpathian region in the relevant historical period. Trying to expand medical care and educational work among the population in order to prevent illness and increase life expectancy during the period of the Austro-Hungarian Empire (1772-1918), the authorities and public institutions in the field of health care initiated systematic and purposeful work on the formation of the basis for preventive medicine and, in fact, broke grounds in the field of public health. Their experience and practice are not only of scientific interest, but also of practical significance for the construction of a modern health system.

scholarly journals On the Chinese Complex in My Several Worlds: A Personal Record

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1236
Author(s):  
Ruihong Peng
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
The West ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Cultural Exchanges ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Strong Attachment

Pearl S. Buck’ description on the Republic of China in the 1930s based on her own life experiences in Anhui province and Jiangsu province has created for it a complex but unique image which has been controversial since its birth. Her inclusive and understanding attitude toward cultural exchange between China and the west is very worthy of advocating. Pearl S. Buck was always inclined to her “second motherland”, and took Chinese and Western folk cultural exchanges as her noble mission. She had a quite strong attachment to China in her whole life, while the West misunderstood and excluded Chinese culture, and there were major obstacles to cultural exchanges. Therefore, Pearl Buck and her works were misunderstood and criticized by Chinese readers in a quite long historical period, sharply contrasting her lifelong love for China and her tremendous contributions to the Chinese people. In the global context, we have studied Pearl Buck again, with a view to cherishing her friendship with Chinese people and emphasizing her unique cultural value and practical significance to China.

scholarly journals Right to privacy: a review of international and national legislation

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 260-266
Author(s):  
S. Zhetpisov ◽  
G. Esimkhanova ◽  
А. Baidildina
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Confidential Information ◽  
Information Barriers ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of

The article explores the role and importance of confidential information in the life of modern society, focuses on the problems of ensuring the legal protection of confidential information. The degree of personal freedom in the state, democracy and humanity of the political regime depends on how guaranteed the confidentiality of information is, the secrets of the private life of citizens, how deeply a state can penetrate the content of these secrets. As a result of the study, theoretical statements were formulated proving the existence of the institution of confidential information, its significance in the development of communicative relations was determined, a classification of existing types of confidential information in the legal system of the Republic of Kazakhstan was proposed with substantiation of its practical significance, the definition of secrecy in legislation was outlined, characteristics. Many of these problems have not been previously studied independently or are not sufficiently developed or require rethinking in relation to the new conditions of life in the country. Recently, there have been positive developments in terms of overcoming the previously established stereotypes of the secrecy cult. Many information barriers have been eliminated; methods of administrative-command management of information flows are eliminated. The general civilization process of creating the global information space implies greater openness of states. At the same time, the formation of a new statehood based on the principles of democracy, legality, the desire for more active cooperation with foreign countries based on the openness of the parties does not exclude the need to maintain state secrets and other types of confidential information.

scholarly journals Comparative legal characteristics of some tax crimes in the Republic of Kazakhstan and Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
Dmytro Sanakoiev ◽  
Bagdat Seitov
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Economic Opportunities ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Criminal Legislation

In this paper, the author’s conducted a comparative legal analysis of a number of tax crimes under the criminal legislation of Kazakhstan and Ukraine. The authors note that in contrast to general crime, the feature of tax crimes is their high latency, expanding the means of their implementation, which increases public danger and the effectiveness of combating them, affects the state of economic security, reducing economic opportunities due to lack of public funds. . The study of the systemic links between tax crimes remains a relevant area of research, as it is their understanding as a component of economic crime that opens up effective ways to ensure economic security. In contrast to general criminal crimes, the features of tax crimes are their high latency, the variety of ways to commit them, which increases the public danger and the effectiveness of countering them, affects the state of economic security, reducing the economic opportunities of society due to the non-receipt of funds for state needs in the budget. The study of the systemic links of tax crimes remains an urgent area of scientific research, since it is their understanding as a component of economic crime that opens up effective ways to ensure economic security. The peculiarities of bringing a person to criminal responsibility and release from it under the conditions of compromise have been studied. The authors came to the conclusion that today it is impossible to talk about the existence of a single approach to the issue of illegal actions in the field of taxation, which would require bringing the perpetrator to justice. The author’s believes that to protect the economy and ensure economic security of the States adequate replenishment of the budget at the expense of tax revenues further modernization of the criminal law and offers the author's articles 244, 245 of the Criminal code of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

scholarly journals Development of criminal policy in relation to parole from serving a sentence

2021 ◽  
Vol 230 (7) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
FEDOR. V. GRUSHIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Penal Policy ◽  
Penal Law ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Right

The article examines some development aspects of the institution of parole from serving a sentence. The purpose of the research: development of proposals in the field of legal regulation of parole of convicts from serving their sentences. The scientific importance of the work lies in the theoretical and legal analysis of the development of the criminallegal and penal policy of the Russian Federation in the field of parole. The practical significance of the work lies in the development of proposals to improve the efficiency of implementing the institution under consideration. Research methods: historical-legal, comparative-legal, formal-legal, specific sociological and others. Main results, conclusions of the research work: the need to establish the right of institutions and bodies executing punishment to independently submit to the court documents on the parole of convicts as the means of their encouragement is substantiated ; some problems related to the assignment of the function of control over persons released on parole to the penitentiary inspectorates are identified; the criteria for granting parole are analyzed; the proposal to introduce penitentiary judges (courts) is substantiated, and so on. This scientific work can contribute to the development of criminal and penal law, to the practical activities of courts, as well as institutions and bodies that execute criminal sentences. Key words: parole, convicts, criminal law policy, criminal executive policy, penitentiary judges.

scholarly journals The System of Law in Terms of Industry Differentiation

Legal Concept ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Darya Milinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
Categorical Framework ◽  
And Training

Introduction: in the modern scientific legal literature, there are many judgments about the structuring of the system of law. The legal scholars are divided into two opposite camps: some support the position on the need to divide law into branches, while others defend the point of view that the concept of system of law is a kind of scientific and legal rudiment and does not have practical utility and significance. One of the reasons for these trends is the lack of a monistic approach to the criteria for dividing law into branches. The paper presents an overview of the modern scientific concepts of the theory of the system of law. Methods: the study of the system of law is impossible without the use of a set of methods of scientific knowledge, which include: legal analysis, the system-structural and dialectical methods. Results: the method developed by the author for distinguishing the branches of law is based on the analysis of a certain set of legal norms from the point of view of its subject (the group of public relations), the conceptual and categorical framework, the autonomy of functioning and the homogeneity of public relations. Conclusions: as a result of the research, the role and practical significance of the category systems of law in the legal science and practice is revealed. It is established that the division of law into branches helps to more effectively implement the departmental rulemaking, correctly plan the corporate activities of many legal entities, as well as competently organize the educational process and training of highly qualified specialists.

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