scholarly journals Impacted leopard tooth in thyroid gland of victim in a case of leopard attack – A case report

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Uddalok Das ◽  
Narayan Pandit
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Wild Animal ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Psychiatric Complications ◽  
Animal Attack

Attacks by wild animals on humans are not rare in India. Most of the cases are seen in rural areas and areas adjoining forest lands. The nature of the attack may be predatory or defensive. The main culprit for this is deforestation and encroachment of humans into the natural habitats of wild animals. Wild animal attacks can cause very severe injuries, including lacerations, fractures, and vascular injuries, and are often associated with high rates of mortality. Treatment depends on the type and nature of the injury. Those who survive the initial attack often succumb to infection and septicemia during the early hospital stay. Psychiatric complications are also common in survivors. We present the case of a 70-year-old man, who was attacked by a leopard. He sustained a few lacerated bite injuries to the neck and was treated at North Bengal Medical College and Hospital. A computed tomography scan of the neck revealed a tooth of the animal impacted in the thyroid gland of the patient. The patient is currently receiving treatment for deranged thyroid function, and awaiting normalization of the same, to get anesthetic fitness for surgical removal of the tooth. Treating surgeons must be well aware of the patterns of injuries and their treatment in cases of animal attack injuries. In-depth clinical and radiological investigations are of utmost importance to find out occult injuries that may become life-threatening. A standardized treatment protocol needs to be developed for the treatment of wild animal attack victims. There is a need to extend health care into the remote areas of the nation, for early treatment of such cases.

scholarly journals Wild Animals Used as Food Medicine in Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rômulo Romeu Nóbrega Alves ◽  
Tacyana Pereira Ribeiro Oliveira ◽  
Ierecê Lucena Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Wild Animal ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
The Social ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
High Degree

The connection between eating and healing is common in traditional folk medical systems, and the multiple possibilities resulting from the combination of biodiversity and culture confer a wealth and complexity in terms of knowledge of the flora and fauna as to their potential as food medicine. The growing awareness of the links between traditional therapeutic-alimentary uses of wildlife and conservation has drawn attention to the gaps in knowledge on the social, economic, and biological contexts in which different forms of traditional wildlife uses take place, particularly with regard to zootherapeutic resources. In this study we interviewed 124 merchants and 203 traditional users of animal-derived remedies in Brazil, aiming at documenting the animal species used as foods and medicines in urban and rural areas of the country. At least 354 wild animal species are used in Brazilian traditional medicine, of which 157 are also used as food. The high degree of overlap between medicinal and alimentary uses of wild animals highlights the importance of understanding the socioeconomic, cultural, and ecological contexts in which those traditional uses take place for elucidating their potential impact on public health and biodiversity conservation.

scholarly journals Numerical assessment in the wild: insights from social carnivores

2018 ◽  
Vol 373 (1740) ◽  
pp. 20160508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Benson-Amram ◽  
Geoff Gilfillan ◽  
Karen McComb
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Playback Experiments ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Numerical Assessment ◽  
Individual Discrimination ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Assessment Skills ◽  
In The Wild

Playback experiments have proved to be a useful tool to investigate the extent to which wild animals understand numerical concepts and the factors that play into their decisions to respond to different numbers of vocalizing conspecifics. In particular, playback experiments have broadened our understanding of the cognitive abilities of historically understudied species that are challenging to test in the traditional laboratory, such as members of the Order Carnivora. Additionally, playback experiments allow us to assess the importance of numerical information versus other ecologically important variables when animals are making adaptive decisions in their natural habitats. Here, we begin by reviewing what we know about quantity discrimination in carnivores from studies conducted in captivity. We then review a series of playback experiments conducted with wild social carnivores, including African lions, spotted hyenas and wolves, which demonstrate that these animals can assess the number of conspecifics calling and respond based on numerical advantage. We discuss how the wild studies complement those conducted in captivity and allow us to gain insights into why wild animals may not always respond based solely on differences in quantity. We then consider the key roles that individual discrimination and cross-modal recognition play in the ability of animals to assess the number of conspecifics vocalizing nearby. Finally, we explore new directions for future research in this area, highlighting in particular the need for further work on the cognitive basis of numerical assessment skills and experimental paradigms that can be effective in both captive and wild settings. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘The origins of numerical abilities’.

scholarly journals China's Legal Response to Trafficking in Wild Animals: The Relationship between International Treaties and Chinese Law

AJIL Unbound ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 408-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiwen Chang
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Wild Animal ◽  
Food Culture ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Ecological Civilization ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Wild Fauna ◽  
The Government ◽  
Bear Bile

In China, the wild animals and animal products that are sold through illegal trafficking are mainly those that can be made into medicines; are raw materials in the form of ivory, rhinoceros horns, and turtle shells; and are edible or have ornamental value, such as birds, monkeys, turtles, and lizards. Due to its rapid economic development over the past decade, China has become one of the world's largest wildlife markets. The main reasons for trafficking are a lack of viable substitutes for raw materials used in traditional Chinese medicines (e.g., bear bile, bear bile powder, pangolin, and other products); a preference in traditional food culture for delicacies made from wildlife; and of the private consumption by some rich and corrupt government officials of tiger's meat, bear's paw, pangolin and other wild animal products—bear's paw and pangolin being the most popular. This type of wild animal trafficking endangers the safety of animal species protected by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), and damages the international image of the government and people of China. Since 2013, under the frame of construction of ecological civilization, China has taken stricter measures on legislation, administrative enforcement, judicial adjudication, and international cooperation on prevention and punishment of illegal trafficking.

scholarly journals A voice for wild animals: Collaborative governance and human–wildlife conflict

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Katie Woolaston
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Natural Resource Management ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Wild Animal ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
New Governance ◽  
Collaborative Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict

Animal lawyers in Australia and around the world often struggle to find room in law to participate in decision-making and give animals a voice. Collaborative governance is a regulatory mechanism that has the potential to overcome this struggle. This ‘new governance’ is of growing importance in environmental and natural resource management, premised on decentralised decision-making and removal of permanent hierarchies. This article will utilise two case studies to outline the benefits of legally integrated collaborative processes for wild animal welfare, including the allocation of a permanent voice in regulation for animal advocates and the ability to promote internalisation of animal-friendly norms.

scholarly journals The Impact of ‘Selfie’ Tourism on the Behaviour and Welfare of Brown-Throated Three-Toed Sloths

Animals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Carder ◽  
Tinka Plese ◽  
Fernando Machado ◽  
Suzanne Paterson ◽  
Neil Matthews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Future Study ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Wild Animal ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Bradypus Variegatus ◽  
Focal Observation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Physical Manipulation

The use of wild animals as photo props is prevalent across the globe and is widely recognised to represent a potential animal welfare concern. However, detailed information regarding the specific impacts of such activity on wild animal behaviour is currently lacking. Herein, we investigated how brown-throated three-toed sloths (Bradypus variegatus) were handled by tourists, and how sloths behaved during wildlife ‘selfies’ taken in Manaus, Brazil and Puerto Alegria and Iquitos in Peru. In total, we observed 17 sloths (during 70 focal observations) that were provided for use in wildlife selfies on 34 different tours. We found that an average number of 5 people held each sloth during each focal observation. For 48.6% of the time the sloths were handled in a way which involved physical manipulation of the sloths’ head and/or limbs and/or being held by the claws. From the eight different types of sloth behaviour observed, we found that the two types performed for the longest average duration of time were surveillance (55.3%) and limb stretching (12.6%). Our findings show that when being handled sloths were frequently held in ways that may compromise their welfare. Although to date the behaviour of sloths while being handled has not been reported in any published literature, in this study we document certain behaviours which may act as indicators of compromised welfare. We suggest that our data provides a potential baseline for future study into the behaviour and welfare of sloths.

scholarly journals Large Rhinophyma Treated by Surgical Excision and Electrocautery

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Nabeel K. Al Hamzawi ◽  
Salih M. Al Baaj
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Secondary Intention ◽  
Short Recovery Time ◽  
Good Treatment Option ◽  
Abnormal Tissue

Rhinophyma is a benign condition characterized by a large, bulbous nose with prominent pores. It is commonly associated with untreated cases of rosacea. The disease can carry a substantial psychological impact that causes patients to seek advice about how to improve their physical appearance. Many treatment options are available for rhinophyma, but there is no standard treatment protocol. Here, we describe the case of a 65-year-old man with a large rhinophyma that caused him cosmetic and psychosocial embarrassment. The condition was treated by surgical excision and bipolar electrocautery. No complications occurred after the procedures, and healing was completed 2 weeks later by secondary intention and reepithelialization. A simple surgical removal using a scalpel to shave off the abnormal tissue with electrocauterization of the bleeding points can be considered as a good treatment option for rhinophyma, as it results in an excellent cosmetic outcome and has short recovery time.

The gut microbiota of wild rodents: Challenges and opportunities

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Viney
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Wild Animal ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Wild Rodents ◽  
Major Study ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Many

The gut microbiota can have important, wide-ranging effects on its host. To date, laboratory animals, particularly mice, have been the major study system for microbiota research. It is now becoming increasingly clear that laboratory animals often poorly model aspects of the biology of wild animals, and this concern extends to the study of the gut microbiota. Here, the relatively few studies of the microbiota of wild rodents are reviewed, including a critical assessment of how the gut microbiota differs between laboratory and wild rodents. Finally, the many potential advantages and opportunities of wild-animal systems for research into the gut microbiota are considered.

scholarly journals A Global Review of Animal–Visitor Interactions in Modern Zoos and Aquariums and Their Implications for Wild Animal Welfare

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil D’Cruze ◽  
Sophie Khan ◽  
Gemma Carder ◽  
David Megson ◽  
Emma Coulthard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Wild Animal ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Global Prevalence ◽  
Taxonomic Class ◽  
Insight Into

We provide an initial insight into the occurrence and characteristics of animal-visitor interactions (AVIs) involving captive wild animals within zoos and aquaria. Using information provided online via official public websites of modern zoos and aquaria, we found that AVIs were provided by the majority of facilities. Our study revealed that a variety of AVI types were being offered. Globally, petting captive wild animals was the most prevalent AVI type advertised (n = 1241 observations, 43% (534) of facilities) and Mammalia was the most advertised taxonomic class (n = 5142; 53% (2739)). We found certain AVI types that were more commonly offered than predicted. These were opportunities to: (1) Hand feed captive wild animals in Asia, North America and Oceania; (2) ride wild animals in Europe and North America; (3) walk with or swim through wild animal enclosures in Asia; and (4) walk with wild animals in Asia and Europe. Given the global prevalence of AVIs in modern zoos and aquaria, and an apparent lack of animal welfare focused research, we provide recommendations to help effectively balance and manage captive wild animal welfare with other primary interconnected goals.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Study of Pesticide Poisoning in Domestic Animals and Wildlife in Portugal: 2014–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreia Grilo ◽  
Anabela Moreira ◽  
Belmira Carrapiço ◽  
Adriana Belas ◽  
Berta São Braz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Domestic Species ◽  
Pesticides Residues ◽  
Pharmacology And Toxicology ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Nowadays the intentional poisoning of domestic and wild animals is a crime in the European Union (EU), but as in the past the poison is still used in rural areas of a number of European countries to kill animals that were considered harmful for human activities. From January 2014 up until October 2020, the Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (LFT-FMV) has done the analytical detection of poisoning substances in 503 samples of wildlife and domestic animals and pesticides residues were found in 239 of the samples analyzed. In this retrospective study, toxicology results from domestic species (dog, cat, sheep, cows, and horses), wildlife species (red foxes, birds of prey, lynx, and wild boar), and food baits, are presented. During this period the samples analyzed at the LFT-FMV, were received from all over the country. Analytical detections were performed via solvent extraction followed by thin layer chromatography. Molluscicides (47%, n = 109) and Carbamates (24%, n = 57) were found to be the first category of pesticides involved in intoxications, in both domestic and wild animals, followed by rodenticides (13%, n = 30)—in this group second and third generation, were the most represented; Strychnine is the third (11%, n = 26) even though this pesticide has been banned in Portugal since 1988 and in the European Union since 2006 and finally Organophosphates (5%, n = 11) in the small number. This study allowed to realize that a great number of positive samples involved banned pesticides (i.e., Aldicarb and Strychnine) but, at the same time, many positives cases were due to the exposure to commercially available products (i.e., Methiocarb and Anticoagulant rodenticides). Also, it's possible to identify the areas where domestic species are the most affected (i.e., Setubal and Lisboa) and the areas where the wild animals are the mainly affected species (i.e., Faro, Castelo Branco, and Bragança).

scholarly journals Pengembangan Virtual Reality Pengenalan Binatang Buas Untuk Anak Usia Dini

2017 ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
I Made Ardwi Pradnyana ◽  
I Ketut Resika Arthana ◽  
I Gusti Bagus Hari Sastrawan
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Wild Animal ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Considerable Cost ◽  
Addie Model

Submission of learning materials with animal themes, especially wild animals to early childhood becomes a challenge for teachers. Two-dimensional displacement media in the form of a monotonous image has the potential to decrease interest in children's learning. Bringing wild animals directly or bringing the children to the zoo requires considerable cost and time and harm. Based on these problems, the authors develop android-based applications that contain fourteen species of wild animals in 3D format that is packed with Virtual Reality (VR) technology. The authors develop applications using development research methods with the ADDIE model. The developed VR application is capable of displaying wild animal animations complete with the sounds and environment of the habitat, as well as the description narrative features and food that can be viewed in 3D and VR modes. The test results showed that the application received a positive response from users, especially children in TK Negeri Pembina Singaraja. The average percentage for the user response test is 88.50%, which means it is very good where children can know the types of wild animals, the movements of wild animals, the sounds of wild animals, the habitats of wild animals and can use them easily. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document